INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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Walter L. Badger, Consulting Engineer, and lulius T. Banchero, Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, 753 pp. 418 figs. Tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. 59.50. 1955. ix
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RECENTLYthe near disruption of the comedy team, Dean e many oolumna of newspaper Martin and Jerry Lewis, gave r i ~ to diaeussions and much consternation smong the younger set. The dissolution of the chemical engineering team, W. L. Badger and W. L. McCabe, went almost unnoticed until the appearance of this new hook by Badger and Banchero. In 1931 Badger and McCabe published their "Elements of Chemioal Engineering," followed in 1936 by the second edition. The book was immediately popular and was used widely in the chemical engineering unit operations oourse, usually for instruotion during the junior yew. Theory and practice advanced a t a rapid rate and the 1936 edition was out of date in many places by the end of the war. When both Badger and McCabe left the University of Michigan, i t appeared that this successful writing team would do no mare with "Elements." Now i t appears that each has selected a. new coauthor and two new books ~ lbe lpuhlished on unit operations, of which this is the first. .4 comparison of the tables of contents of "Elements" and "Introduetion" show that exactly the same unit operations m e covered in both books. There has been a complete rewriting and modernization in the new book. The arrangement of c h a p ters is approximately the same: Introduction, Flow of Fluids, Transportation of Fluids, Flow of Heat, Evaporation. The two chapters on Distillation and Extraction are moved forward because of their similar basis in phase equilibria, and they are followed by the diffusional operations of Humidity and Air Conditioning, Gas Absorption, Drying, and Crystallization. The minor unit operations fallow: Filtration, Mixing, Siae Separation, Crushing and Grinding, and Conveying. Because the hook is a n introductory text it does not attempt to cover all phases of each unit operation. In the Flow of Fluids, the flow of compressible fluids is not discussed, but fluids of constant density are covered very well. I n Distillation, both the Ponohon and the McCabe-Thiele methods are diseussed and compared. Extraction requires the use of phase diagrams and graphical methads. Gas Absorption introduces modern coefficients of mass transfer and transfer units. The chapters on Crystallization, Filtration, and Mixing are based on recently published papers, while the book footnotes cite references to the important papers from which the material was drawn. The illustrations in Badger's hooks have always been noteworthy, and this book is no exception. Some are the same figures used in "Elements" to illustrste principles which have not changed; many are new and show new gmphieal methods and equipment designs. All are drawings to illustrate something worthwhile; there iwe no "pictures" of chemiesl plants or other spacsfillers. Because this is an engineering text i t describes equipment in terms of engineering construction and operation. Reasons for given.. as are the imnortsnt const~uetionaldetails are freoueritlv . ... fields of application of the various types of equipment. T h i a honk i s not nn introduet,ion t,o chemical eneineerine. I t is -~.. a texthoak in the unit operations of chemical engineering, and t,o use it with ease the student should have been introduced to chemical engineering by way of stoieh~ometry, material balances, enorgy halancos, and related physical chcmistry. Why not admit ~~~
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that the unit operations are s. section of chemical engineering, rather than eive the im~ressionthat thev are chemical enplineerins? The umurze of chemical eneineerine science belies this. Badger and Bsnchero have done an excellent job. Their book is worthwhile and certainly is now the best available introduction to unit operations that the student has. ~
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KENNETH A. KOBE U ~ t v e ~ s mOP r TEXAR AOBTIN. T E X * ~
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QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN HISTOLOGY AND MICROSCOPIC HISTOCHEMISTRY
Olavi ErZnk6, in oollaboration with J a a k o Kihlberg, both of the University of Helsinki. Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1955. 160 pp. 49 figs. 16.5 X 23.5 cm. 55.50. THISbook is not a laboratory manual, but rather a review of methods that have interested the author. I t is not a. textbook, hut is suited to the advanced worker who may have had some qualms about the accuracy of some of his numerical results, or who welcomes another seleeted assortment of abstracts in the hope that i t may contain something he has mi~sedelsewhere. Few of the procedures briefly described could be used without referenee to the original papers cited in the extensive hibliography. Two chapters, and other portions, itre the work of the collaborator on statistios. They include discussions of sampling, variability, averaging, and distribution, with occasional easmples from hiology. Other chapters deal with animal experiments, preparation of specimens and measurement of their thickness, areal anrsly~is,.psrticle?siae determination, photometry, and optics of some mmascopical methods. ~
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C. W. MASON conrem U ~ r v ~ n s l r r ITHACA, NSW YORK
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A TEXT-BOOK OF MACRO AND SEMIMICRO QUALITATIVE INORGANIC ANALYSIS
Arthur I. Vogel, Head of Chemistry Department, Woolwich Polytechnic. Fourth edition. Longmans, Green and Co., Inc., New York, 1954. rv 663 pp. 7 9 figs. 117 tables. 22.5 X 14.5 cm. $4.50.
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(,TEE text has been exhaustively revised, considerably e w lerged and completely reset in the present edition." The first 140 pages deal with "the theoretical basis of qualitative analysis." The techniques of semimiem itnalysis are now presented in Chapter 11. Chapter111 deals with the reactions of the cations, while Chnptel. 17' pl.esents the reactions of the anions. In Chapter V, the author sets aside 24 pages containing an abbreviated course of "syst,ematic macro qualitative inorganic analysis for elementary students." This is followed in Chapter VI with an "introduction to systematic semimicro qualitative inorganic anal.vsis." In Chapter VII, a very thorough "systematic qualitative inorganic analysis" is given, based on the assumption that the student has familiarized himself with thc tests and teehnique~described in the preceding chapters. Chapt,er VIII deal8 with modifications in inorgenic annlysis necoasitated by tho presence of organic acids, silicates, horates, fluorides, and phosphates. The author is high in his pmiae of the
VOLUME 33, NO. 2, FEBRUARY, 1956
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rirconyl nit,ratc method for the ~epsrationof phosphate. 111 Chapter IX, reactions and tests for compounds of thallium, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, platinum, palladium, selenium, tellurium, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, zircunium, umnium, cerium. and lithium :we niselv included. The litst chanter de:~ls
though the text is general in its approach, not emphasizing unduly one or another branch of the subject, it favors human and medical biochemistry with a closing chapter. Each chapter has a practical set of references t o more detailed texthook and general review material.
mon metals and several miscellaneous separstions for Rome of the less common elements. A 14-page appendix contains the usual tables of atomic weights, concentrations of reagents and test solutions, snd special reagents along with four tables of buffer solution standard8 follomd hy tables of logarithms and antilogarithms. The text contains too much material for the usual one-semester course in qualitative inorganio analysis. If material is selected properly the book can serve the elementaq student, t,he more advanced student, and the practicing analyst. I n presenting the ion-electron method of balancing equationr, the author says: "Since nearly all t,he leactions encountered in qualitative analyais are ionic in eharaoter, the expression of chemical reactions as interaction between the ions is, for many reasons, an advantage." However, throughout the text praatioally all the equations are in the molecular form, thus omitting ionic equations. In the theoretical section, 27 problems w e stated and their solutions given. However, t,he test contains no problems for the student to work. The author's aim is "to provide a text-hook oi macro and semimicro qualitative inorganic analysis a t moderate cost which can he employed by the student continuously throughout his study of the subject." H e has done this and done it well. The book is worthy of consideration by many teachers who feel that inorganic chemistry receives far too little attention in the presentday college-chemistry curriculum.
and graduate students majoring in bacteriology, botany, chemistry, physiology, and eoology." It seems t o the reviewer t h a t many a wise teacher, who would hate t o put a 1500-page text in the hands of a beginning student lest the sheer hulk discourage him with its indigestibility, will find Dr. Haurowite's trim new text, w r y useful, though hy no means simple fare.
HORACE E. ROGERS
ELIOT F. BEACH METROPOLITAW LIFE INBORANCE COYPANT Nr;,,' Yon=. N. Y.
ELEMENTARY QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS ON THE SMALL SCALE
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Peter Woodward. Lecturer in Inoraanic Chemistw. Universitv of Bdstol. Oxford university Press, iondon, 1955. .'vii 9 2 pp. 7 figs. 14 X 22 om. $2.
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THEauthor "88s the term "small" because ot a question of semantics; his interpretation appears t o be quite reasonable. The term "small" is used as a substitute for the "semimicro" now in wide use in qualitative snalysis work in this country. The book is on a "small" scale, too. The brevity has been achieved by the omission of problems and theory. Some brief background comments on reactions and some equations are included. The analysis scheme has few unique features. It does, however, include separation of Groups IIA and I I B with lithium hydroxide, and removal of phosphate with zirconium nitro+-
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BIOCHEMISTRY: AN INTRODUCTORY TEXTBOOK HARRY R. BATEY. JR.
Felix Hourowitz, Professor of Chemistry, Indiana University. 485 pp. Figs. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Yerk, 1955. xvi and tables. 15.5 X 23.5 am. $6.75.
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NEAT-MINDED people in many areas of biochemistry hut pwtitularly those in teaching will be gratified t o see this new introductory text. As progress in the field has continued with an aeceleratingpaee, textbooks have also grown until most of themnow contain from 1200 t o 1500 pages. With knowledge accumulsting, Rome expansion is, of course, an absolute essential, but much of the bloating in current texts could he advantageously avoided by condensing disoussions and omitting much nonessential material. The author's discernment in carefully selecting his material has resulted in a terse and practical book. The fact that this is an introductory text might a t first sight lead one t o helieve that it oresents o n h the matters of easiest
of late advance which are fundamental t o the neh,er understanding of the chemical functions of living things. The arrangement of material is a. refreshing departure from the usual tmatment. The book opens with u. diseusuion of fundamnental biochemical p1,inciples and espeeialls the mechanisms of enzymaticallv suooo~.ted chemical transformations in cellular metah, oliam ' T h ~ hp!qo,rm the 9tudt.n~w i ~ h.t (1, wintic wtwt*pr f t h r ~ul.jcr~I from l h t , sto1.t 1llat is quit? cia.lttial i l l 1 l . i ~1nn.t. &i).iu which biwhtmi.atvv i< c o n v ~ i w d:ts :c .+tt~dy of wutiuuow ntt.t* I d i e rlv~ngrsorrurrinp :n I ; h i l v z ! s t t m ~ ~r:~tl.er thau ns aiml.ly "11.~ < l . t m ~ s t roi ~ n:>iumI ~rwJu,%3."' h i - iotrwlwtim is i o Imr.rd Iw s disruwim oi ~ i l r l ~ o l ~ v d r arowi t v ~ ,in^, n r d lil,lds iron) the standpoint of their structure, function, and met,abolfsm. Excellent chapters follow on porphyrins and their role in life proccsscs, mineral metabolism, enzymology, and nutrition. Al-
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STAPECQLLBCE Or. W*.HIN.TOS PULLPAN. W*B"INOTOH
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CALCULATIONS OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
L. F. Hamilton, Professor of Analytical Chemistry, and S, G. Simpson, Associate Professor of Analytical Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Fifth edition. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Ino., New York, 1954. xii 340 pp. 16 figs. 12 tables. 23.5 X 15.5cm. $5.
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THE appearance of this well known text in a fifth edition is ample indication of the worth of the book for students and teachers in malyticill chemistry. The reviewer has long recommended that his own students turn to this book when in need of euplanations and a variety of problems. Previous editions have been followed in the format and in tho general arrangement of the disoussion and the problems. There has been some deletion of the former problems. Expanded or rewl.ittan sections include errors, precision measures, titration curves, electrodeposition, and titrations involving potentiometric, conduotometric, and an~perametricdetermination of equivalence points. New topics include iodate and bromate processes, and colorimetrio methods. The hook is recommended far teachers who want a separate book for problem work in elementary analytical chemistry, especiaily quantitative analysis. Alao, it is valuable t o the atudent who needs or wants something of this nature beyond what is to be found in the usual t,ext a n elementary quantitative analysis. M. G. MELLON Ponoue U~rvenslrr L * r * r r m ~ ,III)I*N*
