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Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile/#–Cyclodextrin Composite Membranes for Simultaneous Air Filtration and Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds Vinod Kadam, Yen B. Truong, Christopher D. Easton, Shayanti Mukherjee, Lijing Wang, Rajiv Padhye, and Ilias Louis Kyratzis ACS Appl. Nano Mater., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.8b01056 • Publication Date (Web): 11 Jul 2018 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on July 17, 2018
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile/β–Cyclodextrin Composite Membranes for Simultaneous Air Filtration and Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds Vinod Kadam1, 2, Yen Bach Truong*2, Christopher Easton2, Shayanti Mukherjee 3, Lijing Wang1, Rajiv Padhye1, Ilias Louis Kyratzis2 1
School of Fashion and Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick, VIC, 3056, Australia 2
3
CSIRO-Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, VIC, 3168, Australia
Abstract
Simultaneous capture of different air pollutants including aerosols and volatile organic compound (VOC) is demonstrated using composite polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/β–cyclodextrin (β– CD) nanofiber membrane. Aerosol filtration along with VOCs adsorption in one step remains a challenge due to differences in the physical and chemical properties of these air pollutants. PAN/β–CD composite electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) were produced with different concentrations of β–CD. The surface modification of the composite ENM was confirmed by X-
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ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission–scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM) and water contact angles. PAN/β–CD composite ENMs showed excellent air filtration performance (>95% filtration efficiency with a relatively low pressure drop of 112 Pa). Formaldehyde (HCHO) adsorption was determined using a simple jar method and xylene adsorption by UV spectroscopy. HCHO and xylene adsorption found better by 66% and 73% respectively compared to pristine PAN ENM despite a reduction in fiber surface area. The composite ENMs were found to be non-toxic to human lung cell line, suggesting that it is a good candidate for respiratory filter media for simultaneous air filtration and VOC adsorption.
Keywords: electrospinning, composite nanofibers, air filtration, formaldehyde adsorption, cytotoxicity, multifunctional respiratory filtration
Introduction The ubiquitous presence of air pollutants (outdoor and indoor) is a threat to human health.1-2 Air pollutants are a contributing factor to health issues ranging from skin irritation, hypertension, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases to cancer and death.3-5 The severity depends on the exposure level and type of air pollutant. Air pollutants are either solid/liquid aerosols or gas molecules which include volatile organic compounds (VOCs).6 Aerosols, also known as particulate matter (PM), have been further classified, based on the inhalable particle size, as PM 10 (2.5–10 µm), PM 2.5 (0.1–2.5 µm) and PM 0.1 (
