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I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G CHEMISTRY
Vol. 33, No. 10
Conclusions
Acknowledgment
1. Continuous oxidation of an oil above 95” C. in the presence of paper results in excessive deterioration of the paper. 2. Electrical measurements are useful in interpreting the mechanism of the reactions involved in the oxidation of oils of different chemical composition. 3. The effect of aromatics on electrical stability as a function of oxygen consumption is less marked in the case of viscous oils than less viscous ones. 4. Cetane and &-Decalin (representing a paraffin and naphthene, respectively) show widely different electrical and chemical properties upon oxidation. Cetane has an induction period whereas cis-Decalin has not; the electrical conductivity of cis-Decalin remains very low throughout a wide range of oxygen absorption, while the electrical conductivity of cetane during the induction period rises to high values, decreasing to low values a t the end of the period. 5. An oil under continuous oxidation may show low electrical conductivity as a function of oxygen absorbed over a wide range of oxygen absorption, whereas when only a limited amount of oxygen is made available to the oil, the electrical loss may rise to relatively high values; this phenomenon is of practical importance in applications where limited amounts of oxygen are available.
These results of mineral oil deterioration were obtained in a program of research which until September 1, 1939, had been carried on under the sponsorship of the Utilities Coordinated Research, Inc., Association of Edison Illuminating Companies. Since that date it has been carried on in cooperation with a Committee on Insulating Oils and Cable Saturants; Herman Halperin, chairman, represents the sponsors, The Engineering Foundation and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. Funds for this work are being contributed by a group of electric power companies, of oil companies, and of electrical manufacturing companies in addition to the sponsors.
Literature Cited Assaf and Gladding, IND.ENG.CHEM.,ANAL.ED.,11,164 (1939). Assaf and Hollibaugh, I b i d . , 12,695 (1940). Balsbaugh and Assaf, Ibid., 13,515 (1941). Balsbaugh and Howell, Rev. Sci. Instruments, 10,194 (1939). Balsbaugh, Howell, and Assaf, IND. ENG.CHEM.,32,1497 (1940). Balsbaugh and Oncley, Ibid., 31, 318 (1939). Dornte et al., Ibid., 28,26,863, 1342 (1936). Egloff, “Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons”, New York, Reinhold Pub. Corp., 1939. Larsen, IND. ENG.CHEW,ANAL.ED., 10, 195 (1938). Oncley and Hollibaugh, Trans. Am. Inst. E2ec. Engrs., 59, 628 (1940). Piper et al., IND. ENG.CHEM.,31,307 (1939); 32, 1510 (1940). Ruzicka, Helw. Chim. Acta, 14, 1171 (1931). Wyatt, Congr. intern. grandes r6saux elec., Paris, 1937.
ALCHYMIST By Thomas Wijck (1617-1677)
THIS is the last of a considerable number of
alchemical originals for the use of which we are indebted to the late Sir William J. Pope. We hope, however, to bring more material from his remarkable collection as it is now in the United States, having been acquired by Mr. C . G. Fisher, who has always been cooperative. The original of this, No. 130 in the Berolzheimer series of Alchemical and Historical Reproductions, is 16 by 18 inches and is on a wood panel. There is nothing particularly noteworthy about this painting, except that the effect of the light streaming in through the window on the open book and terrestrial globe is fairly well done. In other respects the painting, like all others of Wijck, is very somber, the details being somewhat sketchy. But again we have the arched ceiling, the draperies, and the general untidiness. D. D. BEROLZHEIMER 50 East 41st Street New York, N. Y.
The lisb of reproductions and directions for obtaining copies appear as follows. 1 to 96 January, 1939, issue, page 124; 97 to 120, January, 1941, page 114. An adktional re: production appears each month.
