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Antioxidant and Thermal Stabilization of Polypropylene by Addition of Butylated-Lignin at Low Loadings De-zhan Ye, Shuai Li, Xiaomin Lu, Xi Zhang, and Orlando J. Rojas ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01241 • Publication Date (Web): 24 Jul 2016 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on July 30, 2016
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
Antioxidant and Thermal Stabilization of Polypropylene by Addition of Butylated-Lignin at Low Loadings §
De-zhan Ye , Shuai Li†, Xiaomin Lu†, Xi Zhangǁ,*, Orlando J. Rojas †,‡,* §
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, No.1 Yangguang Avenue, Jiangxia District, 430200, PR China.
†
Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State of University, 2820 Faucette Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
‡
Department of Forest Products Technology and Centre of Excellence on “Molecular Engineering of Biosynthetic Hybrid Materials Research” (HYBER), Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, Finland, P.O. Box 16300 00076, Finland.
ǁ
State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, China, 610065.
* Author for correspondence (O.J.R): Email:
[email protected], Telf. +358-5005124227
ABSTRACT The effect of phenolic hydroxyl group content and molecular mass of a technical lignin on the thermo-oxidation resistance and compatibility with polypropylene (PP) was studied by a combination of approaches, including
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P-NMR, gel permeation
chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetry (TG), dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), accelerated ageing tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The compatibility of lignin with PP upon melt 1
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compounding in a screw system was improved after modification of lignin with n-butyric anhydride. The thermal oxidation stability of films of PP blends, as measured in an oxygen atmosphere, was increased by low addition levels of the butylated lignins while maintaining, and in some cases improving, their thermo-mechanical performance. Notably, the oxidation induction time (OIT) and induction ageing time of PP blended with butylated lignins (
