BOOKS
BEYOND T H E FLYLEAF The
Physical
TP.OMAS
Chemistry
VICKERSTAFF.
of viii
Dyeing. 4-
416
pages. Interscience Publishers, Inc., 2 5 0 Fifth Ave., N e w York 1, Ν . Υ. 1950. $7.50. Reviewed by D . E. MARNON, General Dyestuff Corp. T H I S book represents a valuable exten sion of t h e field of physical chemistry into the phenomenon of dyeing. T h e author has presented in general and in specific fundamental concepts w h i c h are directly related to the application of color to tex tiles. T h e introduction of such funda mental principles into t h e art of dyeing can only lead to a more profound under standing of the forces involved, hence t o a better appreciation of t h e methods r e quired for proper application. It is unfortunate that some delay has occurred in publishing this work. Some of the concepts presented might be more fully expanded a n d explained in light of the extensive work of t h e past few years on n e w synthetic fibers. T h e "solid solu tion" theory of the dyeing of cellulose ace tate has apparently gained more impor tance in view of t h e dyeing of acetate, nylon, Dacron, Dynel, a n d several otber synthetics with both acetate types a n d w i t h naphthols. I t is to b e appreciated that considerable work w a s carried out with direct colors for cellulose. This is perhaps d u e to their solubility characteristics which contribute greatly t o such a study. T h e reader should not, however, forget that perhaps only 1 0 % of t h e cotton dyed today in t h e Ü. S. employs these colors. These figures should not detract from the value of such a fundamental study, b u t merely indicate that m u c h remains to b e done before w e fully understand t h e phenomenon of dyeing. T h i s reviewer feels that this book has a very definite place in t h e fundamental d y e research laboratories of the world. It will b e best appreciated b y those scientists w h o have a proper appreciation of basic research and also realize the correct importance of t h e types of dyes covered. It might be misleading to the student of dyestuffs w h o w o u l d n o t have the proper perspective of t h e field of dyeing becaxise of this emphasis o n direct color dyeing. T h e author is t o b e complimented f o r . such an excellent treatise, particularly for t h e bibliographies which appear at the e n d o f each chapter. Exhibit Techniques. H e l e n Miles Davis, editor, iv -J- 1 1 2 pages. Science Service, 1719 Ν St., N . W . , Washington 6, D . C. 1951. $2.00. Reviewed b y W . T . READ, Department of t h e Army. T H E opening sentence of this little book, "An exhibit of scientific work tells a story," is its theme and its purpose. T h e contin ued interest of young people i n science is evidenced b y numerous science fairs in V O L U M E
2 9,
N O . 52
high schools and colleges and t h e exhibits which are a part of the Westinghouse and other talent searches. This book is based largely o n the experience of the editor and a number of scholarship winners, and is rounded out by suggestions from mu seums, hints from popular books, and an extensive bibliography. In very brief form this book assembles the essentials of exhibit techniques and constitutes an ex cellent guide for science teachers and students as well as those devoted t o sci entific hobbies. It may also b e read with profit by industrial and governmental ex hibitors. Point Film Cure.
Defects. Their Causes and
MANFRED
HESS,
xvii
-f-
544
pages. Reinhold Publishing Corp., 3 3 0 West 42nd St., N e w York 18, Ν. Υ. 1951.
$ 1 2 . R e v i e w e d by G. G. SWARD,
National Paint, Varnish, a n d Lacquer Association. O T H E R books on paint defects are of t h e question-and-answer type. They deal with specific cases that painters have met. Textbooks o n paints often have sections on defects but this is t h e first book that tries to cover the waterfront so far as I know. The s c o p e is broader than t h e tide i m plies. I t deals not only with film defects but also with undesirable changes that develop in t h e liquid paint during storage, and with defects that arise from improper tools or workmanship. These often have a direct bearing on film defects a n d are properly included. But some of t h e topics have little or n o relation to film defects; e.g., leakage of wooden casks, costs, fire prevention in the paint shop, and physio logical effects of paint ingredients. This last named topic takes u p 41 pages. The author must have h a d different readers in mind when discussing different defects. Often the explanation becomes a discussion o f formulation;—of the advan tages o r disadvantages of certain r a w materials or methods of manufacture, while here and there h e directs his re marks t o t h e practical finisher. Thus, t h e book combines a reference for t h e paint chemist with instructions for t h e painter, a good combination for t h e troubleshooter.
British Appraisal of American Pharmaceutical Industry A survey of production in the American pharmaceutical industry w a s conducted last December by a British t e a m which visited the United States a n d toured 17 organizations, studied their plants, a n d talked with management a n d employees. The write-up of this survey i s contained in an attractively prepared 7 0 - p a g e book let called "Pharmaceuticals." T h e British team w a s composed of 10 representatives of leading British pharmaceutical firms.
» DECEMBER
2 4, 1 9 5 1
Purpose of the survey was to investigate compounding or processing, tableting, bot tling, ainpouling, sterilization, and pack aging, as defined in British terms of ref erence and to make recommendations for increasing productivity in the British in dustry. Copies ot the report can be purchased from t h e Intelligence Officer, Association of British Chemical Manufacturers, 1 6 6 Piccadilly, London W . l , England for 4 2 cents.
IMEW BOOKS ASTM Standards on Bituminous Materials •for Highway Construction, Waterproof ing, and Roofing. Sponsored by A S T M Committee D - 4 o n Road a n d Paving Materials, ASTM Committee D - 8 o n Bituminous Waterproofing a n d Roofing Materials, xi -f- 3 2 9 pages. American Society for Testing Materials, 1 9 1 6 Race St., Philadelphia 3 , Pa. $3.25. T h e Chemical Activities of Bacteria. EKNEST F . G A L E .
2 1 3 pages.
Academic
Press, Inc., 125 East 23rd St., N e w York 10, Ν. Υ. $2.50. Chemical Trade Names and Commercial Synonyms.
WILLIAMS
HAYNES.
iii
-+-
279 pages. D . V a n Nostrand Co., 2 5 0 Fourth Ave., N e w York 10, Ν . Υ. $ 5 . 5 0 . A Symposium on Phosphorus Metabolism. Vol. 1. Sponsored by the McCollumPratt Institute of T h e Johns Hopkins University. W m . D . McElroy and Bentley Glass, eds. xv + 7 6 2 pages. The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 18, Md. $ 1 0 .
most comprehensive book ever published on
WATER
TREATMENT
For Industrial and Other Uses By E S K E L N O R D E L L , The Permutit Company CLEAR, E X H A U S T I V E , U P TO D A T E . Includes: chemical reactions; elimination and reduction of impurities; current watertreatment practices; problems and prac tices relating to boiler feed and cooling waters; processes and equipment used in treating water . . . and extensive tables of conversion factors and equivalents and other important tabular data. 1951 525 p a g e s $10.00
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