BIBLIOGRAPHY for GENERAL CHEMISTRY from SEVERAL PERIODICALS* I.? CHEMICAL AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING$ Volume 1 (1902) through 41 (1934)
HUBERT N. ALYEA Princeton Universitv, Princeton, New Jersey
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T IS amazing that so many articles in our technical journals may be intelligently read by students who have had practically no chemistry; but such is the case for those articles in the following bibliography which has been developed a t Princeton for reference work in original literature. This encourages individualism, offerscontact with methods of research, and, because of the latitude of subjects from which the student is free to choose, has been one of our most stimulating projects. The responsibility of abstracting one of these articles replaces a certain amount of pedantic drudgery in rewriting experiments performed in the laboratory; and it amplifies the "independent reading" prescribed for those taking a course in chemistry without laboratory work. The bibliography has not been compiled by referring to the indices, but by a careful paging of each volume. Processes which are obsolete, such as the arc process for nitrogen fixation, have been omitted. The following items are recorded for each article. Number (best articles stasred), title, author, periodical, volume, inclusive pages, and year. Sub-titles; a detailed abstract of the contents of the article. Pictures (photographs), figures (diagrams of apparatus), graphs, etc.; f r o a which the type of article may often be inferred. The author's estimate of the article. This is catalogd, for uniformity, under the headings: POPULAR Historical Raw matcriais praceues Prodvets Propertien Economies No organic required Little chemistry
CHEMICAL Equations Research Advanced Mathematics organic required Biologied
ENGlNEERlNG
Only the general approach classifies the article; thus mere reference to one or two previous workers in the
* Contribution from the Frick Chemical Laboratorv of Princeton University. t Subsequent parts will outline other industrial and nontechnical journals; and a yearly bibliography will keep the list up to date. $ Volumes 1-7, Electrochemical and Metallurgical Industry; Volumes 8-18, Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering; Volumes 19-41. Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering.
field would not qualify it as "historical." The absence of any one of these headings indicates that such material is lacking. Reading time, estimated from the amount of printed matter; no attempt being made to approximate the time it would take a student to abstract the article. Very short articles have been omitted, since this bibliography proposes, in so far as is reasonable, to supply the student with references involving approximately two hours' work. In the case of brief articles two may be assigned.
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*l. Pioneers of elestroshemiatn. Elcclrochrm. & M d . Indurlry (now Cham. & Mcl. Enz.), 1, 10 (1902).-Charles M. Hall; 56, Cowles; 9&1, Acheson; 121. Castner; 214-5, Ortwald; 451-2, Bradley. 7 portraits. Populw: hirlairol, Aho iHd., a. 103 (1904).-Edioon. rronomics, remarch. 2 hrr. *2. h w temperature researches. Dswas. EIMrochcm. & M d . Induslyy (now Chcm. 6. Met. Ens.), Part 1: 1,91-6 (1902).-Liquefaetion of ga~es,continuity of state, liquid hydrogen, and helium. Ckamirol: hidaicol. research. I hr. Sontin. Part 11: ibid., 137-40. -Attempts t o reach absdnte zero; liquid helium. Ckcmicol: "8search, dooncrd. I kr. IS min 3. Aluminum as a reducing agent in metallurgy. Scao~~. Elemochcm. & Mcl. Industry (now Chant. & Met. Ens.), 1, 175-8 (1903).Thermochemistry of Goidschmidt pracero: use in producing manganere, ferrofitaoium. rail-welding. 6 picture., I figure. Chami'd: rcseorck, oduonced, ihcorcliral. I h".
5. Theory and practice of sherardldng. SANG. Eledmch~nt.& M d . Induslry (now Ckcm. 6. Mel. Ens.). 5, 187-9 (1907).-See article (24). Popular: proccrms, 9rodunr. propcrlirr. rimplr cx9lanolionr. 6.
Thcrmite welding in American practice. Elrrrrochcm. 6. M d . IndurIry (now Chcm. & Mcr. Ens.), 6. 166-8 (1908).-Inetruetians for using thamite. 5 pictures, 2 figures. ~ 0 9 u l n r : prorcsrer, I ~ I I I ~ chamilry. Inslrudian, mmc spcci$c lhnn i n orliclrr (3) and ( 4 ) . 30
min $7, Preeentation of Perkin medal to Dr. Charles Martin Ball. Mcl. &P Ckem. E n 8 (now Chem. & M d . Ens.), 9. 69-72 (1911).-McKenwr:
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inventions.. finanintroduction. C n m o ~ s n :orerentation. HALL: cia1 problems, personal reminiscences. HBROULT:reminiscences. 1 portrait. Po9ulnr: hidoricol, raw moferialr, procrrrer. economics. Ckamicol: rasaorrh. 1 k". 20 mi*. A nosel development in laboratory bornera and furnaces. F ~ s n s a . Me:. 6' Chcm. Ens. (now Chrm. &ME:.Enp.). 9 , 222-4 (1911).Excelleot picture showing the temperatures of Meker and Bunoen burner flamer. Melting gold, silver, and copper without a blastPaoulor: 9ropartirs. lamp in a Meker burning name. 2 picture..
30 mix. 110. Reminiscences of Robert Wilhelm Bunsen.
G o ~ o s c a v r o r . Me,. &
Chcm. Eng. (now Chem. &Met. Eng.), 9.509-71 (1911).-Interesting anecdotes i11urrrating Bunsen's character and scientific zeal. Pop%la*: rrreorch. 50 mi*. Presentation of the Perkinmedal to Herman Praach. M a . & Chcm. En& (now Cham. 6. Mel. Enp.), 10, 73-82 (1912).-Crmmea: presentation, Fmsch'r life-history, deodorbing oil, other oil "entures. work oo sulfur. pn*scn: reply, methods of dcrulfurization of oil, roasting-furnaces, problems involving California oils, oil fields of the coastal plains, sulfur, the Brasch sulfur process, geology, sulfur in U. S. and Sicily. Excellent d m m C 9 pictures. Populor: hi$Mirol, vow materials, processes, products, praperlics. eranomics. Chemical: rascorrh. Enginrering: rquipmmt design. 3 hrs. Synthetic ammonia. An account of the report of Professor Haber which led the Badische Company to take up the process on a large scale. M a . & Chcm. Eng. (now C h m . 6. M d . Eng.). 11, 211-4 (1913).-Highly theoretical: Habcr and Le Rorsignol's experiments of historical interest. See also editorial on The Haber synthetic ammonia process. M a . 6. Chcm. Enp. (now Chmm.6. M n . Elg.), 11, 173-4 (1913).-3 figures, 1 graph. Chrmicol and Enginrering only: 9rocesscs. rescorch, oduonccd, rqiripmrnl &rig". Diflcull, lcchnicnl "coding. cou:ion: remember difircnl colaiyxfr ore used rodoy. I h". 20 mi*. The manufacture of petroleum products. Roemson. M d . 6. C h r m Eng. (now Chcm. & M e t . En#.), 11,389-94 (I913).-Groups of petroleum products, physical and chemical properties of the a u d e oils, and properties of refined products from distillation and cracking. 2 now sheets, 4 pictures of equipment, 3 graph.. Popular: raw mnie&is, procesrrr, praduris, woper~ies,no orgonic rrguircd. chamicol. Engineering: o p i p m m l d ~ s i g nkchnical. , I hr. 40 mi*. Premntation Of the perkin medal to John W. Hyatt. M d . 6. Chrm. E n g (now Chem. 6. Mcl. Enp.). 11, 131-8 (1914).-Early history of celluloid, mntiovour water filtration, other industrial inventions of Hyatt. Taonaprow: biography. C a m m s a : presentation. HYA=: aeeeptance, invention of celluloid, anecdotes, personal reminiocences, and patents. 1 portrait. Po9ulor: hislorirol. #roccrscs.
Chemistry and lighting. M d . b Chsm. Ena. (now Chem. 6. M d . Eng.), la, 5 ~ (1915).-locandescent 5 gap m i n t ~ ethoria , treatmat; history of are carbons: and, briefly, quartz-mercury lamp and ekehl.dorirnl trodeless diseharee. Antedated oroeesren. Podulnr: wodrcfr, propcrlirr. Chemical. I hr. 50 mi*. The chemical industries of Germany. PRANKLAND. M d . 6. C h m . Eng. (now Chrm. & M e 1 Eng.), 13, 3 7 8 8 7 (1915).-Porcelain, glass, cyanides, beet-sugar, Iulfurie acid, soda and bleaching-powder, hydrogen, artificial illuminatian, ammonia, fixation of nitrogen by inorganic means, potash salts, explosives, artificial silk; synthetic organic chemistry including dyes, drug^, and perfumes: proposed coaltar and other indvstriu in Great Britain. Popular: hislorirnl, Dlocrsres, 9rodurts. economics, no orgonicrmuired, bul hrl9fd. Chemical. Enginerrin& 3 hrs. Chemical principles of the blast furnace. J o n n s o ~ . Met. & Chcm. Eng. (now Chem. b Met. Ens.), IS, 536-43 (1915).-Theory of reactions involving oxides ofiron, oxides of carbon; phasc~equilibrium diagrams, solution of carbons, action of hydrogen, earburization of iron, removal of sulfur; reduction of oilicon, phosphor"., and manganese; slag, titanium, and the formation of cyanides and csleium carbide. 1 figure, 1 graph. Enginaariw: rqualians, resanrch, odaoncrd, highlr larhnicol. 3 hrs. 40 min. The rubber Industry. Kma. Part I : Met. 6. Chem. Eng. (now Chcm. & Mel. Eng.). 14, 23-9 (1910).-History, types of rubber, tapping process. later. coagulation, physical and chemical propertie.. structural formula; synthetic rubber from pheools, corn, turpentine, pymgenie reactions, petroleum; vulcanization. 6 pictures. Par1 Popular: hirtarirol, row mornialr, procaner, 9ra9rrlies, no organic rrqui*rd. Par1 chrmicol: cpualions, research, odvanccd. 2 hvr. Part 11: ibid.. 71-7. Washing crude rubber, drying, compounding, m k ing, calendering, frietioning, making rubber cement, vulceniration,
manufaetvre of tires and rubber articles, dipped goads and reclaimed rubber. 5 piefurer of machinery, 4 figure.. Enginewing: prorerrcs. produclr, no organic required, ryuipmcnt derign. 2 hrs. Part 111: Reclaiming of rubber waste. Ibid.. 309-11. Too tcchniChl. The turpentine industry in the southern states. HSRTY. MCI. 6. Chrm. Eng. (now Cham. &Me,. Eng.), 14,427-34 (1916)-0 pictures, 8 tables. Popular: row mobriolr, prorsser, produdr, litllc rhcmidry, no orgonic required. 2 hrs. 20 mi,,. Coal-gas residvala and their application. W ~ a ~ e aM. d . 6. Chrm. En#. (now Ckcm. 6. Mel. En&), 14, 493-500 (1010).-Destmctive distillation of coal yielding coke, retort graphite, tar, naphthalene, cyanogen, ammonia, coal-tar, and benzol products; dyes. 1 flow sheet. Popular: orodu&, economics, no organic rcquircd. Chemirol. 2 hvr. -~ l o min~. Niagara Palls power and American industries. Mar. 6. Ckcn. Eng. (now Cham. &Met. Ens.), 14.507-12 ( ~ ~ ~ ~ ) . - B D I A N Dproblem s: of diverting water for power. TONB: excellent review of eleetrie furnace products. Hoowen: industries which will develop from the powcr. Omit as obrolete: IV The Nitrogen Industry. Populor: 9roducls, economics. 2 hrs. The sherardiring process. S r o s e ~ . M a . & Chsm. Eng. (now Chcm. * M e t . Eng.), 14. 683-91 (1918).--Coating a i t h zinc vapor on iron. copper, and gold; zinc-iron alloys which are formed; testing their weathering properties; theory of sherardizing, zinc-dust contml: see article ( 5 ) . chemirol: hirloricai, 97ocesr~s.proper~ics, rescorch. 2 hvr. 30 mi". The metallvrgy of the rarer metals. Rzcanaos. Met. 6. Chem. En& (now Chrm. 6. Mel. Eng.), 16, 26-31 (1910).-Becyllium, magnesium, ealeium, strontium, barium, baron, chromium, titanium, molybdenum, zirconium, and cerium. Popular: pvoducls. proprrlics. eronomicr. Chamitol. I hr. 50 min. An explanation of the flotation process. TAooAsr AND Bercn. M d . & Chcm. Eng. (now Chrm. 6. Mel. Eng.), 16, 5 1 8 2 8 (19181.Surface tension, adsorption, viscosity; application to notation processes: film, froth, axitation, pneumatic-froth, and the PotterDelprat proeesees. 1 picture. 8 figuren. Chemical: rescorch, advonccd, malhrmnficr. En#inacring. I hr. l o min. The production of salt in Szechuen province, western China. Rrca*ansow. Part I: M d . 6.Chrm. En#. (now Chcm. b. Met. Eng.), 16. 32-40 (1917).-Drilling 4000-foot wells, pumping brine, transporting. evaporating, gas wells: curious blend of prehistoric and madChina. 15 pictures. 3 figure.. 2 Bow sheets. Popular procmcs. Enzinaning: rguipmcnl dcsipn. I hr. 40 min. Part 11: ibid., IT, 2 2 5 4 (1917).-Drilling: raising and evaporation of brine. 3 piefurer, 2 figures. Popular: Pmoerrcr. Engineering: cqui9mml design. 30 mi". P a n 111: ibid.. 17, 313-0 (1917).-9 pictures. 1Row sheet. Papular: Ororrrrcs. Enainmrins: couidmanl dcsinn. 50 min. ~~
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Mineral resoorces of the Ao~alacbiansouth. Met. b Chem. E n e ~ (now Cham. 6. Met. Enz.), 1 6 , 4 4 9 4 9 (1918).berieo of short anieles listing mineral deposits in Alabama. Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, Tenne~see,Virginia, and West Virginia. 14 pictures, 1 map. Chrmicd: r a w molrriolr, ccanaicr, cxcellml for n geologir:. 3 hrr. The Califemia kelp operations of the Hercules Powder Company. Me:. 6. Chem. En#. (now C h m . 6. Mcl. Eng.). 18, 576-80 (1918).Acetone rce0ve.v far une in munitions. 12 oieturer Ponulnr. mnr. ~
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Potash fmm Ssarlss lake.
ROYF. Chcm. b. Met. Enn.. 19.425-31
The rblc of colloid^ in chemical proceasca. C h m . & M d . EM.. 19, 630-2 (1918).-A rClumCof Jerome Alexander's "Colloid Chemistry." Colloid uses io ceramic% metalhrpy, soap, milk, canning, rubber. photography, foods, and living organisms. PoDulor: Pro9erlirs. Chemical. I b. Commsroisl uses of chlorine. KoaArNua. Chcm. b M a . Enz., 19, 007-71 (1918).-Commercial user of chlorine, exhaustive list of poisonous gases, inorganic chlorine compounds; and organic chlorine eomoouods such as coal-tar intermediates. medicinal%.and solvents: names and formulas. Chcmirol: groduci;, p r o p ~ r l i r odunnrad, ~ or: m n i c rcorircd. I hr. 40 min. Al~minium-manuf~cturing pmces~e(i m e d in Europe. NlasBN. C h m . b Mcl. Eng.. 19. 804-15 (1818).-Description of proeerrer. cryolite baths, carbon electrode., electric in~ulation,and industrial applications. Crorr-seetionsof furnaces. 25 figures of machinery, 1graph. Engineering: hirloriral, prourrrr, cquorionr, rrsrorrh, odaanrcd, ~ q v i p ~
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technical.] Ercclknl summary. Popular: 9ro9rrIin. I hr. 20 mi". Manufacture of potassium permmganate. ST~NOPIBLD. Chem. & M d . Eng.. Pa, 1027-30 (1920).-Pmceu carried out in Southern California, and analytical method. used in controlliog proces~. 3 figurer. Chrmical: procasscr. cquolions, rrreord,, od.onccd. E,,iincerint: &risn. I hr. . eouibmrnl . . Nitrogen firation by the Haber method. JONBS. Chem. & M d . Ens., 2% 1071-5 (192O).-Theoretical eonsiderntions of preparation d gauzes and catalyst, plants in the U. S., comparison with the cyanamide proees3; excellent r(sum6 up t o 1920. 6 pictures. P09ulor: tacerws, economics. Chcmicol: rcxorch. Engi.racring. I hr. 30 min. Philippine industrial material, products m d resources available to the United States. Cox. Chem. & M d . Eng.. 23, 137-44(19201.-Aleohol, sugar, coconut shells, fibers, rubber, resins, leather, paper pulp, insect powders, and minernls. 2 picfurco. Populor: propcrmi" liar.,~~~ cconomirr. -I h ". .YO . ~ ...~.. Pvtting the vegetable oil industry on a scientific basis. ~ n r ~ a u . Chcm. &Met. E n s , as, 441-6 (lSZO).-Problems in oroducineervde oils from stock: I ~ b o r ~ t o refining ry and manufaetu&d prod& ineluding driers, ehina-woad oil, polymerization, rubbcr m~brtitutes, artif~eialleather.. lard.. butter-substances. and snnn ---mmulmctrrr R. ~~, ~ictures. Popular: proccarcr, prodvcrr, no organic required. ChcmiLol: rcrcorrh. I hr. 50 min. Pure metallic arsenic. Joxss. Chcm. & M d . Ens.. 23, 957-60 (1820).-Production, properties, and usel of arsenic trioride. and metallic arsenic. 7 pictures. Popzlor: procrsscs, productr, @oper. lids. Chemical: rpuotions, much chcmidry. 30 mi*. ~
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The oridation of ammonia. Lnaorr. Chcn. 6'M d . Eng., 20,470-7 (1919).-Early discoveries, the Ostwald process, the process used in England, types of apparatus. German developments during the war, demonstration plant io New Jersey, and life or the catalyst. 5 fig^ ures. Chmticol: hirlmicol.. . brocrsrrr. odaoncrd. Endncerinn c y d p m m l design. 2 hrs. 20 mi". Uses of manganese dioxide ore. PAALBN. Chbm. & Met. E w . . 21, 196-9 (19191.-Manganese in the dry d l , glass industry, paint driers: miscellaneous manganese chemicals. Chcmirol: producls, couotias. ronridcroblr r h c m i n r ~ . I hr. 20 mi". Natural industrial resources of the north central atates. Chem. & ~ d EW.. . a i . 308-41 (1818).-chieag~ district, indiana, ~ i c h i g a n , wiseonsin. 5 mane. 34 oictures. Pobulor: row malariolr. cconomicr. Sclaaionr. The need for research in the non-mctdlic field. LAnoo. Chcm. & Met. Eng., 21. 34&52 (1919).-Economic importance of oon-metdlie minerals, their value and adaptability to other industries, their inBuence on the daily life of the community, need for engineering r* search. 11 pictures. Populor: row molcriolr, propcrlias, cconomicr. Chemical: rcscorch. Engineering. I h,. 10min.
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The manufacture OI pure tungsten metal. Jolras. Chcm. & M d . EW.. aa, s-16 ( 1 9 z o ) . - o ~ ~ ~ of ~ tthe i ~ pansteel ~ products cornpany: treating the refined ore, roasting, design of furnace, leaching, commercial tunzrfic acid and its ourifieation. tunertie oxide. t u n ~ s t e n
Engineering; epuibmml design. I hr. 30 mi". The catalyst for the oridationof ammonia. PsaLau. Chcm.& Msl. Eng., 1%. 125-9 (192O).-Catalysts u.ed by Ortwald, Kairer, Frank and Cam. American Cyaoamide. Partington in England, Bvreau of Miner; theories of the surface reaction, the spacing of the gauze., effect of voids between the cafalyot layers, and the influence of the space-velocity, time, and temperature. Excellent rCrum6. Populor: processes. Chemical: nluolions. rrrrorch. Enginrrrine. 1 hr. 40
of copper. 4 pictures. 1 graph. Po9ulor: row moieriols, economics. Chcmirol. I hr. 50 mi". Pictorid description of the cotton-oil industry. WBSSON. Chem. & MII. aa, 46672 ( i ~ 2 0 ) . - - ~ i ~ t ~ .tePs ~ e ~ in eotton-oii industry from the picking of cotton to the final producf~. 54 pieturee. 4 figures, 3 graphs. Popular: Drocrsrcr, t a d u & no organic required, lilllc chemistry. Enginccling. 1 h". 30 mi*. The sterilization of water by mean. of oltra-violet rays. DBCUBR. Chcm. &Met. Eng.. Pa. 039-45 (1920).-Miero6rgani~mr in water and their identification: sterilization with chlorine and with ultra-violet rays. rate of consumption of water. 4 figurer, 0 graphr. ~ o p u l ~ ~ : hir~oricol,processes, proprrics. chcmirnl: rmnrch. ~ n g i n r n i n g . I hr. 50 win. Teshnicd application of hydrogen in hydrogenation or hardening of oils. E*alirrz. Chcm. & Met. Enp.. 22, 7 4 6 8 (1920).Soap, edible oils, the hydrogenatioo process, preparing the catalyst, and source of hydmgeo. 4 figures. Popular: proccsres, 9ropali~s.no orgonic required. Engincarin#: equipman, &rig". I h". 10 mi,,. A mmpar.tirc test opon
[email protected] ateelm. L m o a ~ ~ a r e a Chcm. . & Mcl. En&. 8%. 829-32 (1920).-Part I : earboo steels, self-hardening, high-speed, stellite, soft snd English steels: the effect of tungsten, uranium. cobalt. manwnepe. vansdium. chromium.. molvhdenum. . and carbo. oo steels. [parts I I - I V ' I ~ ~ on C ~ 6 this are too
Presentation of Perkin medal to willis R: Whitney. Chem & Mar. Ens., 44, 99-107 (1921).-Lcrr~e: biographical reminincences. CHANDLBR:presentation; the medalist's aeeompli~hmeots. hi. publications. Wmrwer: acceptance, the bigpest things in chemis. fry, Po9ulnr: r ~ s ~ o r9hilorophic.l. ~h, 2 hrl. 50 mix. A comparison of various methods of water pudfication. TAYLOR. Chcm. & Met. En& 24. 123-9 (1921).-Distillation, filfmtion, Zeolite filters, precipitation water-softcncrs, water ior use in laundrie~ and textile mills, boiler mmpoundo, advantages of the different types. meventing cormoion, and large installations. Excellent rCsumC. Populnr: brorasscs, pro9rrlin. Chrmicol: rquolionr. Enginrering. 2 hrr. I0 mi*. Salt m ~ m f a c t u r ein Michigan. BmoBa. Chcm, & Met. Eng., 24, 201-7 (1921).-10 pictures. 7 figures. Enginccrinp: horcses, rguipmnl design. I hr. 50 mi*. Recovery of svgar from beet-molasses. Monrooxsau. Chcm. & Met. Eng., 24, 0 0 6 8 (19211.-Prceipitation of sugar. by SteRans (lime) proeesr. and 3trontia process. 2 pictures. 3 flow .beets. Populor: 9roccsscs. Chcmicol. Enginewing. Good chrmicol drrcriplia. 60 mi". The Alsatian potash industry. V r o ~ e m n . Chcm. 6.Met. Enz.. 24. 055-01 (192l).-Location of oylvinite (sylvitel deposits, mining methods, surface treatment, choorins and testing operating methods, and distribution of product. 11 pictures, 2 figures, 1 graph, 2 maps. Poprlar: row molrriolr, Drorcsrcr, rerearch. Enzincwing: cquipmmt dclign. I hr. 40 mi*. Salts reening plants a t Owen. and Searlee lakes. C a n p m ~ .C h m . & Mcl. En& 14, 083-8 (Is2l).-Production of natvrnl sodium carbonate, mdivm borate, and potash; recovery praas3es. and different firms enaaecd in this recoverv. 7 oieture.. 2 maoo. Pobdor: . I . chcmilor. Enginrrrlng: ipuipmrnl drsign. I hr. 30 min. Award of the Nichols medal to Gilbert N. Lewis. Cham. & M a . En&, 14, 869-75 (1921).-Lnxa: appreciation; introductory rcmarks about Lewis. Joansoa: personal reminisrroccs. TBBPLB: ~ r ~ s e o t s t i o n Lswrs: . C o l ~and chemical constitution. Atomic %Irllct!,rcin inorganic and m organic chemistry nr bring irrponrible for the rolors of atoms and molecule^. 1,rwro ~ t r u n u r eof tbc atom. rortn,, Chrm2rof: no argorir rrqulrrd. .rv.r
