Biogas Stoves Reduce Firewood Use, Household Air Pollution, and

Oct 27, 2016 - is estimated that household air pollution (HAP) represents the fourth overall global risk factor to health, responsible for 4.3 million...
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Biogas stoves reduce firewood use, household air pollution, and hospital visits in Odisha, India Jessica Jaslow Lewis, John W Hollingsworth, Ryan T Chartier, Ellen M. Cooper, William Michael Foster, Genna L Gomes, Peter S Kussin, John J. MacInnis, Bijaya Kumar Padhi, Pinaki Panigrahi, Charles E Rodes, Ian T Ryde, Ashok K Singha, Heather M Stapleton, Jonathan Thornburg, Cora J Young, Joel Meyer, and Subhrendu K. Pattanayak Environ. Sci. Technol., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02466 • Publication Date (Web): 27 Oct 2016 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on October 30, 2016

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Environmental Science & Technology

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Biogas stoves reduce firewood use, household air pollution, and

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hospital visits in Odisha, India

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Jessica J. Lewis1*, John W. Hollingsworth2,†, Ryan T. Chartier3, Ellen M. Cooper1, William Michael

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Foster2,†, Genna L. Gomes1,††, Peter S. Kussin2, John J. MacInnis4, Bijaya K. Padhi5, Pinaki Panigrahi6,

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Charles E. Rodes3,‡, Ian T. Ryde1, Ashok K. Singha7, Heather M. Stapleton1, Jonathan Thornburg3, Cora J.

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Young4, Joel N. Meyer1, Subhrendu K. Pattanayak8,1**

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1

Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment, 450 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27708 USA

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Duke University Department of Medicine, 106 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710

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RTI International, 3040 E Cornwallis Rd, Durham, North Carolina, USA

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Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada

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Asian Institute of Public Health, 037, Sriram Nagar, Old Town, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751002, India

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Center for Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical

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Center, 984341 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4341

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CTRAN Consulting, A1-A2, Lewis Plaza, Lewis Road, Bhubaneswar, India 751014

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Sanford School of Public Policy, 201 Science Dr, Durham, NC 27708

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* Currently Consultant in Geneva, Switzerland

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††

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Currently Consultant in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Currently at Recreational Equipment, Inc., Kent, Washington, USA

Retired

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**Corresponding Author: Subhrendu Pattanayak, 126 Rubenstein Hall, Durham, NC 27708,

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[email protected], 919-613-9306 1

ACS Paragon Plus Environment

Environmental Science & Technology

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ABSTRACT

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Traditional cooking using biomass is associated with ill health, local environmental degradation, and

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regional climate change. Clean stoves (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), biogas, electric) are heralded as a

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solution, but few studies have demonstrated their environmental health benefits in field settings. We

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analyzed the impact of mainly biogas (as well as electric and LPG) stove use on social, environmental,

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and health outcomes in two districts in Odisha, India, where the Indian government has promoted

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household biogas. We established a cross-sectional observational cohort of 105 households that use either

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traditional mud stoves or improved cookstoves (ICS). Our multidisciplinary team conducted surveys,

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environmental air sampling, fuel weighing and health measurements. We examined associations between

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traditional or improved stove use and primary outcomes, stratifying households by proximity to major

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industrial plants.

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ICS use was associated with 91% reduced use of firewood (p80) and normal FEV/FVC (>72)

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in ICS owners were calculated. FEV1 percent predicted is calculated as the actual FEV1 divided by the

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predicted FEV. Only one cook reported use of tobacco, and was dropped from the analysis. All analyses

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were evaluated separately for all cooks, cooks