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Polymer-Templated LiFePO/C Nanonetworks as HighPerformance Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries Michael G. Fischer, Xiao Hua, Bodo D. Wilts, Elizabeth Castillo-Martinez, and Ullrich Steiner ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12376 • Publication Date (Web): 21 Dec 2017 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on December 22, 2017
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a Block copolymer
Mixing
b
Homopolymer Precursors
Solvent evaporation
Carbon
c
d
LiFePO4
Heat treatment 700°C argon
e
f
3 nm
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⇠ 1550 ⇠ 1350
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AG /AD
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7 BCP-templated LiFePO4/C nanonetwork
5 4
0
10
20
311
30
131
40
331
LiFePO4 reference
121 401
020 301
210
1
201
101
2
111
3
200
Intensity (a.u.)
6
222
a
50
60
70
2θ (°)
c
G band
600
101
100
D band
Weight (%)
b Intensity (a.u.)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
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400
99
98
200 97
0 1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
96 0
100
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200
300
400
500
600
Temperature (°C)
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700
800
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⇠ 700
3
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4
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3.5
3.5
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3
2.5
2
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)
a
0
50
100
150
5th Discharge (0.1C) 10th Discharge (0.2C) 15th Discharge (0.5C) 20th Discharge (1C) 25th Discharge (2C) 30th Discharge (5C) 35th Discharge (10C) 40th Discharge (20C)
3
2.5
2
200
0
Charge Capacity (mAh/g)
d
4.5
4.5
4
4
3.5
3.5
5th Charge (0.1C) 10th Charge (0.2C) 15th Charge (0.5C) 20th Charge (1C) 25th Charge (2C) 30th Charge (5C) 35th Charge (10C) 40th Charge (20C)
3
2.5
2
0
50 100 150 Charge Capacity (mAh/g)
50
100
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200
Discharge Capacity (mAh/g)
Voltage (V)
c
Voltage (V)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
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5th Discharge (0.1C) 10th Discharge (0.2C) 15th Discharge (0.5C) 20th Discharge (1C) 25th Discharge (2C) 30th Discharge (5C) 35th Discharge (10C) 40th Discharge (20C)
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50 100 150 Discharge Capacity (mAh/g)
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a
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20 15 10 5
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0
BCP-templated Non-templated
1C
100
25
c
C/5
30 25
-Im(Z) (Ω mg)
Discharge capacity (mAh/g)
150
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Re(Z) (Ω mg)
Cycle number 170
150
150 125 125 100 100 75
75
50
50
25
25 0 0
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400
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600
Cycle number
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170 150
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125 100
C/10
C/5
C/2
1C
Block copolymer micelle
C/10
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5C
10C
Homopolymer
20C
Precursors
75 50 25 0 0
5
10
15
20
25
Cycle number
ACS Paragon Plus Environment
30
35
40
45
