Contents
REPORT 782 A A theory of analytical chemistry
810 A
782 A & 795 A
Every branch of science has its own theory—a collection of laws, axioms, corollaries, and rules that guide the scientist in using experiments to unravel the secrets of nature. Karl S. Booksh and Bruce R. Kowalski of the University of Washington's Center for Process Analytical Chemistry describe a theory of analytical chemistry that can be used to guide analytical chemists in optimizing existing analytical tools and direct researchers trying to construct more powerful tools. REPORT 795 A A primer on multivariate calibration
Within analytical chemistry and related areas, thefieldof calibration has evolved into a discipline of its own involving procedures that relate instrumental measurements to an analyte of interest. Edward V. Thomas of Sandia National Laboratories provides a basic introduction to multivariate calibration methods with an emphasis on identifying issues that are critical to their effective use.
805 A
EDITOR: ROYCE W. MURRAY University of North Carolina ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Catherine C. Fenselau, University of Maryland Baltimore County, William S. Hancock, Hewlett Packard, James W. Jorgenson, University of North Carolina, Robert A. Osteryoung, North Carolina State University, Edward S. Yeung, Iowa State University/Ames Laboratory
766 A
Editorial Headquarters Research section Department of Chemistry Venable and Kenan Laboratories University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290 Phone:919-962-2541
Fax:919-962-2542 E-mail: Murray @ uncvx1.oit.Linc.edu
Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 66, No. 15, August 1, 1994
Editorial Headquarters A-page section 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W. Washington, DC 20036 Phone:202-872-4570 Fax:202-872-4574 E-mail: acx96 @ acs.org
Managing Editor:Mary Warner Senior Editor: Louise Voress Associate Editors: Grace K. Lee, Felicia Wach Editorial Assistant: Deborah Noble ContributingEditor:Marcia Vogel Head, Graphics and Production: Leroy L. Corcoran Division Art Director: Alan Kahan Art Director: Peggy Corrigan Designer: Michele Telschow Production Editors: Kathleen Savory, Elizabeth Wood Electronic Composition: WandaR.Gordon
ANALYTlCAL
C H E M I S T R Y
AUGUST 1, 1994 VOLUME 66 NUMBER 15 ANCHAM 66(15) 765 A-822 A/2425-2608 (1994) ISSN 0003-2700 Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office ©Copyright 1994 by the American Chemical Society
805 A Focus
DEPARTMENTS 772 A In This Issue 776 A Editorial
Opportunity. It is important to science and to analytical chemistry that all components of society have the opportunity to succeed. 777 A Analytical Currents 780 A News
Microdensitometer to improve cancer treatment. «Jorgenson to receive Golay Award. · Prather receives ASMS research award. «Humboldt grants. · Nominations. · For Your Information. 792 A Books
Dieter Britz reviews a book on cyclic voltammetry simulation and tries out the simulation programs that are included. •Books received.
RESEARCH
Effects of the Gulf War. A recent NIH panel concluded that "Persian Gulf War Syndrome" is actually several kinds of health problems with overlapping symptoms. Lack of timely sample collection and a large number of possible causes make these illnesses hard to distinguish. 810 A Meetings
The ACS fall national meeting will be held Aug. 21-25 in Washington, DC. The Divison of Analytical Chemistry program features 12 technical sessions, an awards session, and a poster session and mixer. • Conferences. «Short Courses and Workshops.
Accelerated Articles
2425 Imaging with Ion Beams and Laser Post-ionization M. Wood, Y. Zhou, C. L. Brummel, and N. Winograd * 2433 Phase-Resolved Evanescent Wave Induced Fluorescence. An in Situ Tool for Studying Heterogeneous Interfaces Jeffrey S. Lundgren, Evan J. Bekos, Run Wang, and Frank V. Bright* 2441
Separation of Hydrogen-Bonding Donors in Capillary Electrophoresis Using 816 A Polyethers as Matrix New Products Yukihiro Esaka, Yasuo Yamaguchi, Kenji A double-focusing mass spectrometer de- Kano*, Masashi Goto, Hiroki Haraguchi, signed for LC/MS or GC/MS, a desolvat- andjun-ichi Takahashi ing nebulizer for ICPMS, and a quartz crystal analyzer for measuring small mass 2446 changes in potentiometry are featured. Separation of Large DNA Fragments • Instrumentation. · Literature. · Cataby Capillary Electrophoresis under logs. Pulsed-Field Conditions Jan Sudor and Milos V. Novotny *
continued
Publications Division Director: Robert H. Marks Head, Special Publications: Anthony Durniak Head, Journals: Charles R. Bertsch Head, Publications Marketing: David Schulbaum Journals Dept., Columbus, Ohio Editorial Office Manager: Mary E. Scanlan Journals Editing Manager: Kathleen E. Duffy Associate Editor: Lorraine Gibb Assistant Editor: Brenda S. Wooten
Advisory Board: Phyllis Brown, Bruce Chase, Joseph G. Gordon, David M. Haaland, Joel M. Harris, Franz Hillenkamp, Kiyokatsu Jinno, Dennis C. Johnson, Richard A. Keller, Peter Kissinger, Gary E. Maciel, Scott M. McLuckey, Milos V. Novotny, Geraldine Richmond, Ralph Riggin, James A. Yergey Ex Officio: Janet Osteryoung A-page Advisory Panel: Frank V. Bright, Raymond E. Clement, Therese M. Cotton, Norman J. Dovichi, Royce C. Engstrom, Mary Ellen P. McNally, John W. Olesik, J. Michael Ramsey, Robert D. Voyksner
Copyright Permission: An individual may make a single reprographic copy of an article in this publication for personal use. Reprographic copying beyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law is allowed, provided that the appropriate per-copy fee is paid through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Dr., Danvers, MA 01923. For reprint permission, write Copyright Administrator, Publications Division, ACS, 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036.
BPA International Business Publication Membership Applied for August 1993.
on p. 769 A
Analytical Chemistry (ISSN 0003-2700) is published semimonthly by the American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036. Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC, and additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to Analytical Chemistry, Member & Subscriber Services, P.O. Box 3337, Columbus, OH 43210. Canadian GST Reg. No. R127571347.
Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 66, No. 15, August 1, 1994 7 6 7 A
Contents Articles 2451 "Wired" Enzyme Electrodes for Amperometric Determination of Glucose or Lactate in the Presence of Interfering Substances Timothy J. Ohara, Ravi Rajagopalan, and Adam Heller*
2488 Selective Injection and Isolation of Ions in Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry Using Notched Waveforms Created Using the Inverse Fourier Transform Manish H. Sont and R. Graham Cooks* 2497 Cyclic Ketone Mixture Analysis Using 2+1 Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization Mass Spectrometry Dale R. Nesselrodt and Tomas Baer*
2529 Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis/Liquid Chromatography for the Micropreparative Isolation of Proteins Donald J. Rose* and Gregory J. Opiteck 2537 Computer-Interfaced Bipolar Pulse Conductivity Detector for Capillary Systems Satyajit Kar, Purnendu K. Dasgupta *, Hanghui Liu, and Hoon Hwang
2458 Electrochemical Preparation and Analytical Applications of Ultrathin Overoxidized Polypyrrole Films 2544 ChenChan Hsueh and Anna Brajter-Toth * 2 5 0 5 Chemically Facilitated Donnan Dialysis and Its Application in a Fiber Optic Determination of Sulfur in Fossil 2465 Fuels by Isotope Dilution Thermal Ioniza- Heavy Metal Sensor Optical Biosensor for Monitoring Micro- tion Mass Spectrometry Zhihao Lin and Lloyd W. Burgess * bial Cells W. Robert Kelly*', Paul J. Paulsen, Karen E. Helen J. Watts, Christopher R. Lowe*, and Murphy, Robert D. Vocke, jr., and Le-Tian 2 5 5 2 Denise V. Pollard-Knight Chen Second-Order Fiber Optic Heavy Metal Sensor Employing Second-Order 2471 Tensorial Calibration 2514 Application of Tunable Diode Laser Zhihao Lin, Karl S. Booksh, Lloyd W. BurElectrostatic Ion Chromatography. 2. Absorption Spectroscopy to Trace Mois- Partitioning Behaviors of Analyte Cations gess, and Bruce R. Kowalski * ture Measurements in Gases and Anions Ronald S. Inman and James J. F. McAnWenzhi Hu *, Hiroaki Tao, and Hiroki 2561 drew* Haraguchi Extension of Trilinear Decomposition Methods with an Application to the 2480 Flow Probe Sensor 2521 Prediction of Reduced Ion Mobility Direct Decomposition Infrared SpecKarl S. Booksh, Zhihao Lin, Ziyi Wang, and Constants from Structural Information trometry with Gas and Supercritical Fluid Bruce R. Kowalski * Using Multiple Linear Regression AnalyChromatography sis and Computational Neural Networks Donald F. Gurka *, Steven Pyle, Richard TiMatthew D. Wessel and Peter C. Jurs * tus, and Elizabeth Shafter
continued on p. 771 A
Registered names and trademarks used in this publication, even without specific indication thereof, are not to be considered unprotected by law. 1994 subscription rates include air delivery outside the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. Canadian subscriptions are subject to 7% GST.
Nonmember rates in Japan: Rates above do not apply to nonmember subscribers in Japan, who must enter subscription orders with Maruzen Company Ltd., 3-10. Nihonbashi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103, Japan. Tel: (03) 272-7211.
For multi-year and other rates, call toll free 800-227-5558 in the U.S. and Canada; in the Washington, DC, Nonmembers Nonmembers metropolitan area and outside the U.S., Members (personal) (institutional) call 202-872-4363; fax 202-872-4615. U.S. $ 37 $ 79 S 481 Canada and Single issues, current year, $21.00 114 Mexico 72 516 except review issue, $50.00, and Europe 127 571 169 LabGuide, $50.00; back issues and Other volumes and microform editions 154 countries 196 598 available by single volume or back issue collection. For information or to order, call
the number listed for subscription orders by phone; or write the Microform & Back Issues Office at the Washington address. Subscription orders by phone may be charged to VISA, MasterCard, or American Express. Call toll free 800-333-9511 in the continental U.S.; in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area and outside the continental U.S., call 202-872-8065. Mail orders for new and renewal subscriptions should be sent with payment to American Chemical Society, Department L-0011, Columbus, OH 43268-0011.
changes to the ACS Columbus address. Please allow 6 weeks for change to become effective. Claims for missing numbers will not be allowed if loss was due to failure of notice of change of address to be received in the time specified; if claim is dated (a) North America—more than 90 days beyond issue date, (b) all other foreign—more than 180 days beyond issue date. Hard copy claims are handled at the ACS Columbus address. ACS membership information: Lorraine Bowlin (202-872-4567)
Changes of address must include both old and new addresses with ZIP code and a recent mailing label. Send all address
Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 66, No. 15, August 1, 1994 769 A
Contents
2590 2570 Determination of Explosives and Their Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay with Measurement of a EuBiodégradation Products in Contaminated Soil and Water from Former Ammu- ropium Chelate in Solution: Dissociation Conditions and Application for Determinition Plants by Automated Multiple Denation of Cortisol velopment of High-Performance ThinLayer Chromatography Xiao-Da Yang, Yun-Xiang Ci*, and WengCarsten Steuckart, Edith Berger-Preiss, Bao and Chang Karsten Levsen *
Technical Notes
2595 Linear-Sweep Voltammetry of IrreversAuxiliary Electroosmotic Flow for Post- ible Electron Transfer in Surface-Confined Species Using the Marcus Theory capillary Reaction Detection in Capillary Tal M. Nahir, Rose A. Clark, and Edmond Electrophoresis Bowden * Richard M'. Cassidy*, Wenzhe Lu, and F. Vai-
2603 Reaction Rates of Water in ImidazoleBuffered Methanolic Karl Fischer Reagents Christina Oràdd* and Anders Cedergren
Pui Tse
Author Index
2578
2599 Determination of Peroxyacetic Acid Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with External Calibration U. Pinkernell, U. Karst*, and K. Cammann
2608
2584 Easily Regenerable Affinity Chromatographic Zirconia-Based Support with Concanavalin A as a Model Ligand Michael H. Glavanovich * and Peter W. Can
Instructions for authors of AC Research and guidelines for the Instrumentation, Report, Analytical Approach, and A/C Interface features are published in the Jan. 1 issue, p. 185. Please consult these instructions prior to submitting a manuscript for consideration for publication.
Supplementary material is noted in the table of contents with a • It is available as photocopy ($10.00 for up to 3 pages and $1.50 per page for additional pages, plus $2.00 for foreign postage) or as 24X microfiche ($10.00, plus $1.00 for foreign postage). Canadian residents should add 7% GST. See supplementary material notice at end of journal article for number of pages. Orders must state whether for Manuscripts for publication in AC Research (4 copies of text and illustrative photocopy or for microfiche and give material) should be submitted to the Editor complete title of article, names of authors, journal, issue date, and page numbers. at the University of North Carolina Prepayment is required and prices are address. Please include a signed subject to change. Order from Microforms copyright status form; a copy of this document appears on p. 191 of the Jan. 1 & Back Issues Office at the ACS Washington address. issue. Manuscripts for publication in the A-page section should be submitted to the Washington editorial staff.
The American Chemical Society and its editors assume no responsibility for the statements and opinions advanced by contributors. Views expressed in the editorials are those of the editors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the American Chemical Society. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Journals Department American Chemical Society 2540 Olentangy River Road P.O. Box 3330 Columbus, OH 43210 614-447-3600, Ext. 3171 TELEX 6842086 Fax 614-447-3745 Member & Subscriber Services American Chemical Society P.O. Box 3337 Columbus, OH 43210 614-447-3776 800-333-9511 Advertising Office: Centcom Ltd., 1599 Post Road East, P.O. Box 2 3 1 , Westport, CT 06881
Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 66, No. 15, August 1, 1994 771 A
