countries of the ivorld in 1910, except those for which only the I909 figures are available: United States (1910).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Germany (1910).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Austria-Hungary (1909).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . France (1910)., .............. Belgium (1910).. , , , . . , , , . . , . . Russia and Finland (1910)... . . . . . . . . . . Japan (1909).. . China (1909)., , , , , . . , . . , . . , . India (1909). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h'ew South \Vales (1909).. . . . . . . . . . . . . Spain (1909).................... Transvnal ( 19 10)..................... Mexico (1909)....................... Holland (1909). Queensland and Italy (1909). . . .
Tasmania (1909).....................
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
501,596,375 296,007,699 245,043,120 54,573,788 42,516,232 26,374,956 24,967,095 16,505,415 12,iY6,512 13,227,600 13,294,525 7,862,264 4,546,713 4,446,477 2,572,012 2,140,597 1,432,990 1,235,515 1,119,iOS 611,85i 272,056 103,519 93,515 5,236,903 1,278,577,812
T H E MINERAL PRODUCTION IN NORTH CAROLINA DURING 1908-10. The Sort11 Carolina Geological and Econoniic S u r l e y has just sent to the Public Printer a report on the mining industry in Korth Carolina for the past three years Of the metallic minerals, iron holds first place in the table of production and gold and silver next Of the non-metallic minerals, clav products, building stones, mica, and talc are prominent in their production in the order named. There has been a considerable decrease in the production of monazite, oning t o the fact t h a t thorium salts are imported cheaper t h a n they can be produced in this country. The table below gives t h e production of each mineral during 1908, 1909, and 1910: 1908. $ 97,495 668 2 I 560 76,877 4,052
1909. $ 43,075 324 29,186 107,013 9,188
1910. $ 68,556 4,888 17,845 114,237 7,981
114,540 13,330 570 37,224
193,223 37,237 700 10,104
31,443 27 I 163 824,927 2,070 944,317 109,880
122,246 26,178 479 46,928 250 77,983 20,558 850,807 13,358 1,302,611 133,642
69,805 21,389 920,027 13,406 1,223,704 145,314
Totals. ................ $2,307,116
$2,783,826
$2 I 848,446
Xineral. Gold. ......................
............ ...........
Zircon .....................
Talc and Pyrophyllite. ...... Mineral waters.. ............
............
......
CHIEF GEOLOGIST, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. The Geological Survey announces the appointment of U'aldemar Lindgren as chief geologist, t o succeed C. Willard Hayes, who recent1,y resigned from the Survey. Mr. Lindgren has been a member of the Federal Survey since 1884 and has been in charge of its investigations in metalliferous deposits since 1
Includes barytes, sand-lime brick, and kaolin productions.
c
1907. H e is the author of some fifty reports published by the Survey and in addition has contributed between fifty and sixty articles to technical and scientific journals. 11r. Lindgren is a trained mining engineer and has a world-wide reputation as an authority on the geology of ore deposits
NATION'S COAL PRODUCTION. The Geological Survey has issued its annual coal chart, showing the production of coal by States from t h e !-ear 18111'910. The figures relate a wonderful history of growth. In 1814 a total of 2 2 tons of coal was produced in Pennsylvania. In 181j the percentage of increase was good but still only j O tons \\-ere taken out. H y I 8 2 j 100,ooo tons were mined in the two States producing. I n I 8 j O the figure had reached 7,018,181 tons. In r S j 6 it was 5 3 , 2 8 0 , 0 0 0 tons. I t the end of the century i t x a s 269,G84,o27 tons. I n 1905 i t v a s 392,712,635 tons. I n 1907, which i t \vas supposed would remain the record year for some time, the production \ras 480,36,3,4'+ tons, but in 1910 thc enormous total was reached of 501,j95,378 short tons, a production larger by far than t h a t of a n y other country in the xx-orlci. The total production sincc 1814 has fieen a p proximately eight and R quarter billion tons
CUBA IRON-ORE PRODUCTION. The shipments of Cuban iron ores, according to statistics collected by the Geological Survey, show the output for 1910 of 1,417,914 long tons, as against 930,446 tons for 1909, t h e greatest previous production. In 1900 the production was 446,872 tons The ores are obtained from deposits near Santiago. Cuba is now the fifth largest producer of iron ore in the iyorld, being exceeded only bv the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France.
GREATEST IRON PRODUCING REGION IN THE WORLD. The Mesabi Iron Range in Minnesota produced in 1910, according t o the Geological Survey, 533/4 per cent. of t h e entire iron-ore production of the United States. The Lake Superior district, including Minnesota, Michigan, and TS'isconsin, produced 811/2per cent of our total iron-ore production. Figures from other countries are not yet available for 1910, but this is probably a greater production than the entire year's output for a n y foreign country
ILLINOIS COAL PRODUCTION. Illinois has produced more coal than a n y other State except Pennsylvania, the total tonnage since 1833, when coal mining first began in the State, being 790,333,235 short tons, according t o the Geological Survey. Last year the production was 45,900,246 tons and t h e State stood third, Pennsylvania producing 23j,006,762 and West Virginia 61,671,019 tons.
COAL EXPORTS IN 1910. The exports of coal from the United States during 1910, according to the United States Geological Survey, were 1 3 , 805,866 long tons, valued a t $41,470,792. Of this quantity 3,021,627 long tons, valued a t $14,785,387, was anthracite, and 10,784,239 long tons, valued at $26,685,405, was bituminous coal.
The imports of anthracite amounted in 1910t 2 only 8,195 long tons, x alued a t : ~ ~and ~those , of~bit~irninous ~ ~ coal , to 1,4y;,;09 long tons, \slued a t 55,975,~ O I .
For the investigations of the coals of Alaska, with reference to their mining, transportation, s n d utilization, Sj0,oOo
C177IL SERVICE EXAMINATION. OIL IN ALASKA. heen found in Xlasl;:i, aiitl liile tlier imicticnlly n o iiroduction, i t is not iiiil) ,oiogioal Surve?., t h a t c )ages occur on the 7,lve of the .ilaska Peninsula, a n d oji Controller Ray, ,111 close t o tidei\-ater, :inti hence cap:il;lc of cheap development.
’rile L-nited Stxtes Civil Scrvicc Coin:nissioil announces e;;ni:iination on J:inanry 17-18, 1912,to secure eligiiiles for assistant chemist in t h e I3ureaii of C!mnistry, Departlnent u i Agriculture, at salaries ranging h i l i SI, ZOO to $1,600pcr an nun^. 1 lie usual entrancc s.iinry is SI,ZOO, and only in exceptional case> of unusunl qua1ific:itions. including consiclernble valu:~l~lc experience, will a h i r entrance s:>.Iary than S1,2oo he p n i d So assiirance regardin,. Ironlotion i given, b u t during recent years industrioas rncii c i i aver,tgc ~ i l i t y have received during t h e i;i-st live or six :-ears oi scrvicc promotions aggrcgating n t t h e r,ite of nbout 5100 ii year. Qu;iiificcl per.sons arc urxc:l to eiitcr this examination as t h e o;~po;tunities for a]) ntinent are excellent. 01 the t!lirtycislit Ixrsoas ~ ~ 1 1170 e.: tlic assistant chemist erurnin:itiot~ held i n .\;)ril, 191I . the t h e e liigliest on t h e list -,yere alilminted a t SI,‘+o per annum, arid t w e n t y s e v e n others mere tendered O annum. aprmintrrient a t S I , ~ Oper For detailed information interested inquiries are referred to the U . S. Civil Service Commission, &’ashington, D. C.
BUREAU OF MINES APPROPRIATIOKS. I n t h e gericral estimates for appropriations for the iiscal year 1912.which begins J u l y I , 1912,Secretary uf the Interior, TValter L. Fisher: has rccornniendcd the follon.ing items for the Bureau of 3Iines: For t h e in\-estigation as t o the causes of mine explosions, methods of niining, esl’ecially in relztion t o t h e safety of miners, t h e appliances best adapted t o prei-ent accidents, the possible improvement of conditions under Ivhich mining olierations are carried on,t h e use of explosives and electricity. the prevention of accidents, a n d other inquiries a n d technologic investigations pertinent t o t h e mining industry, S360,ooo. For t h e investigation, analyzing a n d testing cif t h e coals, lignites, a n d other mineral fuel substances belonging t o or for t h e use of t h e United States, S135,ooo. For t h e investigations into the treatment of ores a n d other mineral substances, with special reference t o t h e prevention of waste in the mining and utilization of important mineral resources, S I O ~ , O O O .
Tlie International Petroleum Commission will hold its meeting January 16-22, 1912, in I-ienna, with headquarters a t tlic Engineers a n d .Architects Club. This c o n ~ ~ n i s s i owill n be divided into three parts, which \vi11 discuss the generdi and special phases of t h e petroleum ind u s t r y . The first division n-ill take u p the general methods of anal!.sis of crude oil, i-ienzine, petroleum lubricating oils, paraffins a n d other products. The second division will discuss the scientific nomenclature, a n d t h e third will give its attention t o the subject of storage, safety a n d transportation. The entertainment committee has made arrangements for receptions, excursions t o refineries a n d oil wells, etc.
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Dr. F. IT. Frerichs, President of t h e American Institute of Chemical Engineers, has been elected a n honorary member of t h e Chemical Metallurgical a n d Mining Society of South Africa.
BOOK REVIEWS. boek series will welcome the appearance of a new edition of t h e Handboek ten Dienste van de Suikerriet-Cultur en de Reitsuikerfabricage op Java. Derde Deel. D.: FABRICATIEDutch original. The scope of the present volume is best stated by Mr, GeerVAN SYIKER CIT SUIKERRIET OP J ~ v . 4 .T n e e d e t!ruk. door H. ligs in his preface “TVhile the purpose of this second edition C. Prinsen Geerligs. Director der Filiale S e :erland von is the same as t h a t of the previous one, certain sections of the het Proefstation \mor de Java Suiker Industrie, 1911,j 1 2 book, such as clarification of juice, boiling, a n d working up of pages. Price, bound f . 5.jo. Edited b y t h e Trnited Sugar massecuite, have been entirely revised in order t o bring the Experiment Station of Java. Amsterdam. J . .H. de Bussy. subject m a t t e r fully u p t o d a t e with t h e growing practice of The first edition of this work b y Mr. Geerligs was reviewed in THIS JOCRSAL, I , 380. T h e irnpdrtance of t h e volume t o t h e making only first sugar a n d of avoiding after-products. The cane sugar industry was recognized in all parts of the world; section of t h e book relating t o calculation a n d interpretation of factory results has also been rewritten in order t o include a n English translation, published b y the International Sugar Journal, appeared in 1909 a n d a Spanish translation in 1910. t h e latest observations of sugar house experience.” Comparing t h e second with the first edition of Vol. 3 of tlic Those who have hecorne familiar with this volume of the hand-
