I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y
26
TABLE I-FLUIDITIESAND DENSITIES OF MIXTURES OB NUJOL AND MINERAL SEALOIL, Percentage Mineral Seal Oil
Temp.
C.
0 P
10
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
14.42 (a
0.8845 0.4564 0.8774 0.9243 0,8715 1.686 0.8652 2.889 0.8590 4.500 0,8527 6.613 0.8464 9.286 0.8402 12.52
P
24.19
c
0.8767 1.268 0.8694 1.836 0.8631 3.128 0.8564 4.900 0.8503 7.396 0.8430 10.14 0.8376 13.70 0.8312 17.79
P
40.27
c
0.8705 1.397 0.8640 2.484 0.8643 4.047 0.8508 6.167 0.8447 8.869 0.8384 12.21 0.831: 15.72 0.8253 20.88
P
0.8613 0.8543 0.8478 0.8412 0.8351 0;8288 0.8221
0.8150
54.99
c 2.464 4.115 6.301 9.165 12.70 16.91 21.68 27.18
In filtering the oil through activated fuller’s earth a 12.7-cm. (5-inch) column of the earth was used and the oil aspirated through the earth fifty times, the time of flow being about 5 minutes. Before filtration the fluidity was 0.9398 and afterward 0.9441, an increase of nearly 0.5 per cent. It is not assumed that this treatment has removed all the material capable of being removed by filtration, but it does prove that the process of filtration produces a marked change in fluidity. This investigation gives evidence that certain anomalies in mineral oils can be explained by the presence of colloidal material which presumably decreases the fluidity of the oil.
P 0.8226
0.8456 0.8391 0.8324 0.8263 0.8204 0.8133 0.8066
c 3.966 6.268 9.204 12.85 17.43 22.60 28.45 35.87
-
DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
69.71
84.97
P
.(a
0.8444 0.8372 0.8310 0.8242 0.8181 0.8115 0.8046 0.7981
5.938 8.929 12.67 17.33 22.78 28.90 35.71 43.29
100
P
Q
P
lo
0.8362 0.8290 0.8226 0.8157 0.8091 0.8027 0.7959 0.7892
8.48 12.25 16.92 22.57 28.85 35.97 43.86 52.39
0.8290 0.8207 0.8140 0.8072 0.8006 0.7942 0.7875 0.7840
11.76 16.49 22.18 28.76 36.12 44.30 53.22 62.97
This colloidal material is less noticeable after the oil has been standing for a long time, or after the oil has been heated or filtered through fuller’s earth, but cooling the oil has the opposite effect. Lack of time prevented an investigation of the efficacy of powdered glass as a filtering medium. If colloidal material is adsorbed on glass, it seems possible that on the walls of the capillary it might cause the fluidity to appear to decrease with successive determinations. No such effect has, however, been observed. Thus, the fluidity of Nujol as measured in December, 1922, was 0.9370, 0.9373, 0.9379, and 0.9367.
Coal Products Chart By Alexander Lowy UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PA.
C o p y r i g h f 1923, by D Van Nostrand Company.
AT
Vol. 16, No. 1
The chad publishedby tbe D run Nostrand Cornpanu is printed in two rdors. B/a& tqpe infficates products direcfly obtuined from rodand fhe red type indicates products prepared by chemical methods
