CNJAU
Coatings Report: Wood Finishing
Two coats of Buton®- based lacquers do the work of four coats of other lacquers
give Sward hardness readings of over 20 after 24 hours.
Nitrocellulose lacquers formulated with Buton (modified butadiene-styrene) resin provide markedly better holdout and film build than lacquers based on other high quality resins. Wood finishers can sharply reduce the number of operations in their finishing cycles, producing better products in less time and at less cost. After staining, a Buton-based sealer plus a Buton-based topcoat gives a finish equal to or better than that obtainable with four coats of conventional lacquers. Typical Buton-based sealer and topcoat formulations are given below.
Studies show MIBK to be a money-saving, top-performing solvent for nitrocellulose lacquers The performance and cost of two commonly used lacquer solvents, η-butyl ace tate and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), were compared in tests at Enjay Labora tories. Each solvent was blended with toluol and ethanol so as to produce nitro cellulose solutions having equivalent vis cosities (900 ± 50 cps) at equal solids (20 weight per cent). The following formula tions were used:
BUTON 310 LACQUER SEALER
Weight Per Cent
Parts By Weight (Non-volatile Basis) RS Vz sec. Nitrocellulose Buton 310 Maleic Resin Jayflex™ DHP Zinc Stéarate
45.0 21.0 14.5 13.5 6.0 100.0
This sealer gives extremely low woodgrain definition, yet still meets the rapid processing and V2-hour sanding requirements demanded of wood-lacquer finishing systems. BUTON 310 LACQUER TOPCOAT Parts By Weight (Non-volatile Basis) RS V4 sec. Nitrocellulose RS Vz sec. Nitrocellulose Buton 310 Epoxidized Soybean Oil
31.0 15.5 31.5 22.0 100.0
This topcoat can be spray-applied at 20-22 per cent solids content. It exhibits fast print-free times and good cold-check resistance, along with high gloss and excellent holdout. One-mil films, over glass,
RS Vz sec. Nitrocellulose (wet) Ethanol Toluol MIBK η-Butyl Acetate
With MIBK
With n-BuAc
20.0
20.0
8.6
37.8 33.6
—
100.0
Ratio of MIBK or n-BuAc/Toluol 47/53 Brookfield Viscosity, cps (#2 spindle, 30 rpm at 75°F) 900 Pounds per Gallon of Formulation 7.63 Resin Solubility Excellent Film Appearance Excellent
8.6
15.0
_
56.4
100.0 79/21 930 7.94 Fair Excellent
The nitrocellulose dissolved more easily in the MIBK-containing solvent blend than in the blend containing η-butyl ace tate. Both formulations produced equally smooth, good-looking films. A significant difference enters the picture, however, when economics are considered. To obtain the desired viscosity at 20 per cent solids, a 79/21 η-butyl acetate/toluol blend was required—compared with a 47/53 MIBK/toluol blend. At average market prices for these solvents, the η-butyl acetate/toluol blend costs about 42 per cent more than the MIBK/toluol blend. An additional factor is the lower weight per gallon of the MIBK-containing
formulation, an advantage for those who sell their products by the gallon and buy their raw materials by the pound. Still another advantage is the greater versatility of MIBK; for example, it is a good solvent for vinyl chloride-acetate, whereas n-butyl acetate is not.
Get excellent resistance to cold-check with Jayflex™ DHP What plasticizer does the best job of adding cold-check resistance and toughness to nitrocellulose lacquers? This question, important to wood finishers, was answered by a series of tests at Enjay Laboratories. Typical high quality furniture lacquers were prepared using ten weight per cent on solids of three different plasticizers: Jayflex DHP (dihexyl phthalate), Jayflex DOP (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) and DBP (dibutyl phthalate). Films produced from each of these lacquers were subjected to cold-check tests, with the following results: Formulation Containing DBP DOP DHP Cycles To Fail (ASTM D 1211-57T)
>25
>25
New ethyl alcohol formulations for shellac perform better, cost less Authorized by the government in 1964, new Special Industrial Solvent formulations are making it possible for shellac manufacturers to improve their products and save money at the same time. These new formulations, all of which Enjay supplies under the Jaysol® trademark, are based on Specially Denatured Alcohol No. 3A. Pure methyl alcohol, the dénaturant present in SDA No. 3A, is more compatible with resin systems and is less damaging to substrates and processing equipment than the wood alcohol which is present in the traditionally used and more expensive SDA No. 1. Jaysol Special Industrial Solvents are available in both 95 per cent and anhydrous grades. Government regulations pertaining to the use of these solvents are quite simple; Enjay sales representatives will be happy to lend assistance. They, along with our Technical Service Staff, will also help manufacturers determine which of the various formulations is best suited to a particular process.
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The lacquers were also sprayed on test panels and aged one week at 150°F. The DBP-plasticized film was harder (44 vs 38 Sward hardness) than the DHP- and DOP-plasticized films, indicating that DBP is more volatile than the others. In deciding which plasticizer is best, (1) DOP is eliminated on the basis of poor cold-check resistance since the DOP formulation fails after only 12 cycles, and (2) DBP is eliminated on the basis of excessive volatility. DHP is clearly the plasticizer of choice. Additional tests demonstrated that the DHP formulation produced films with good resistance to soapy water and alcohol, and with good over-all toughness characteristics.
Enjay offers a wide selection of coatings intermediates KETONES ACETATES ALCOHOLS ETHERS JAYSOLVE™ GLYCOL-ETHERS BUTON RESINS JAYFLEX PLASTICIZERS . . . PLUS MANY OTHER PRODUCTS
Cover photograph courtesy of Ply-Gem Corporation, Jamaica, N.Y
COATINGS INTERMEDIATES DEPARTMENT ORGANIZED TO SERVE YOU
"Think coatings, know coatings and sell only to the coatings industry" The above is Rule Number One for all members of the Enjay Coatings Interme diates sales force. It reflects our conviction that the most effective way of selling our products is to be completely responsive to the needs of our customers. And we be lieve that this responsiveness can only be achieved by not diluting our sales effort with approaches to other industries. One of the key people responsible for zeroing-in on t h e n e e d s of t h e coatings industry is our D e p a r t m e n t Sales Manager, Albert H. Pflugh. Al supervises the activities of Enjay sales representatives all over the country, bringing to bear his long experience in the marketing of solvents, resins and other chemicals. He is a past vice-chairman of the Industrial Alcohols Technical Com mittee of the Manufacturing Chemists' Association. In this capacity, Al worked closely with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Division of the Internal Revenue Service in establishing modifications to the regu lations which govern traffic in industrial alcohol. He is currently a member of the Salesmen's Association of the American Chemical Industry (SAACI). Al and his wife Charlotte live in Chat ham, New Jersey. The Pflughs have three daughters, one married, one at college, and one still living at home. When he can, Al leaves coatings, chemicals and his New York City office behind and relaxes on the golf course.
Get your copy now of this 52-page booklet packed with information for the coatings industry
Coatings Intermediates Department Enjay Chemical Company, Dept.ci3E24 60 West 49th St., New York, Ν. Υ. 10020 Please send me the free 52-page booklet, "Solvents, Resins, Plasticizers/For The Coatings Industry" NameTitle— CompanyStreet City
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bum Enjay Chemical Company a division of Humble Oil & Refining Company 60 West 49th Street, New York, Ν. Υ. 10020
