book reviews p u n d s ~rfrperinl interest. The style is that of a highly r~ndnhle,informal wportagr. In the initial chapters there is no discernible gradation in the length or complexity of the discussion, as might he expected if the author had a student reader in mind. The hook clearlvis most suited for the advanced " eraduntc student or postdoctoral chrmist who wishes to hnve rendy r ~ f r r m c ero the basic chemistry and prppnmrwt- methodsfor ihew frequently encountered heterocyclic nuclei. It compares very favorably with monographs of similar f o m a t , such as those hy Paquette and hv Palmer. For those seekine an excellent textbbok for advanced uuder&duate students, this reviewer can strongly recommend that hy J. A. Joule and G. F. Smith, "Heterocyclic Chemistry." John J. Elsch State University of New Ywk at Winghamton Winghamton, New Ywk 13901
In style, the book is neither a treatise, nor a text. I t reads more like a review article. Someone who wants to actually do a caleulation of one of the types described in the hook will not learn haw here. He will have to turn to the original literature, which is adequately cited. There is the usual quota of misprints and minor errors; none of those which I have detected should prove trouhlesome to a reader with the recommended background. Chemists interested in defect related properties such as diffusion, chemical reactions in solids, or catalysis, will find little here to interest them. Those interested in learning about the electronic structure of defects and their spectroscopic properties may find this book a reasonable place t o begin their studies. Robert M. Mazo UniMKsity of Oregon Eugene. Oregon 97403
The HMO-Model and Its Application. Part 3: Tables ol Huckel Molecular Orbitals Edgar Heilbronner and Hans Bock. John
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Wiley and Sons, London, 1976. ii 190 pp. Figures and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $19.50
Polnt Defects in Crystals
R. K. Watts, Texas Instruments, Inc., Dallas. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1977. xi
+ 312 pages. Figures and tables. 16
X 24 cm. $21.95.
h i n t defwts in crystals ore intrrrupt~ons of the regular periodicit). of the crysta. structure involwng only a few atoms, or atomic site%.Thpy are to he d~stinguished fmm extended drfecu, such as d~slocationv or grain boundaries, which involve a great many atoms and are not localized. The title of the volume under review is a bit condensed; the book treats the spectroscopic properties of point defects. For example, transport processes affected by defects are not discussed a t all. The author does make clear, in the preface, the limitations he has imposed upon himself. The first three chapters treat the electronic structure of various kinds of defect from a theoretical point of view: e.g. impurities, excitons, vacancies, localized lattice modes and their interaction with electronic states. Chapter 4, entitled "Defect Chemistry" is a brief introduction to the mass-action treatment of defect concentrations. Chapter 5 discusses experimental methods from the perspective of the kind of information they yield; hardware is not discussed a t all. Chapter 6 is a very brief summary of electronic structure and chemical bonding in nonmetallic crystals. The final four chapters attempt t o illustrate how the preceding material can be applied t o specific defects in specific host crystals. In my opinion, the prerequisites for readine" this hook eainfullv are a thoroueh ,. erad~. uatr course in quantum mechnnie-, and a rhnruugh course in aulid rtate physws. ('[Iriously, theauthor pointr out the fimt of rhcsr requirements in his preface, but not the second. I believe the second is equally important. For example one needs considerable familiarity with hand theory to profit from this hook. ~
A178 / Journal of Chemical Education
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Part 3 in this treatment of the HMO Model consists of data fully specifying solutions of the Hiickel model far the description of numerous pi-electron systems. Not only the eigenvalues and eigenvectars (LCAO coefficients) are presented, hut also bond orders. free valencies. and atom-atom.. bond-atom, and hond-bund ~rrl~rinnb~lirirs. I heze qunntitics hare proved tuartul as in-
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diccr of hondmgstrrngth and r~acr~r.iry.'l'hr tables are reproduced from typescript and considerably reduced in size, hut are clearly described and legible. With parts 1and 2, this volume completes a clear and thorough description of the HMO model, and would be useful in particular to those without the opportunity, time, or inclination to use a digital computer. Perhaps a valuable application of this data would be as a reference point for particular perturbation-molecular-orbital studies of a sequence of compounds related t o one of the many hvdrocarbon skeletons considered bv Heilb;onnrr and h c k . One muit balnnrk thrsc benefits ngninit the considrralrle exlwncr af the three-volume srt. Carl Trindle University of Virginia Chariottewille, Virginia 2290 1
Appllcatlons of MIjssbauer Spectroscopy, Volume I Richard L. Cohen, editor, Bell Lahoratories, New Jersey. Academic Press, New York, 1976. xi 349 pp. Figures and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $24.50
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Unlike the recent books on MBsshauer Spectroscopy by T. C. Gihb and by G. M. Bancroft, this is not a textbook, hut a series of review articles by various authors in specialized fields of application, with the stated emphasis on materials science. Basic physics
and chemistry applications have been generally omitted on purpose, as being available in other sources. The editor has prefaced this first volume of a proposed series with a brief hut clear introductory chapter. There follow chapters on alloy phase transformations, corrosion, solid state reactions, polymer chemistry, three chapters on biological studies, and one each on archaeology and works of art. ~~~~It is unlikely that someone unfamiliar with the M6ssbauer effect could successfully bridge the gap between the introduction given here and some of the more specialized applications chapters without additional reading on the subject. However, someone familiar with the effect can get a broad understanding of its applications in the areas covered. This reviewer was particularly impressed by the broad coverage of polymer applications, many from the Russian literature, in the chapter by V. I. Goldanskii and L. A. Karytko. The chapters vary considerably in their approach. Some, such as the polymer chapter mentioned above, are extensive reviews of the literature. A chapter on enzymes, by P. G. Debrunner, concentrates on detailed description of three specific systems illustrating three different types of iron coordination. In spite of this difference in approach, the various chapters all seem to accomplish well the purpose of summarizing results ohtained to date and future trends in a specific field. The choice of tonics in this volume does seem to lark unity. The biological chapten in particular, while ofhigh caliber, do not really fit into the "materials science" applications, and readers primarily interested in these would likely prefer seeing some general reviews of applications to iron coordination chemistry rather than to alloy phase transformations or to corrosion, for example. Readers of this journal may wish to consider as an alternative, "MBshauer Spectroscopy," edited by U. Gonser (Springer-Verlag. New York, 19751, also a series of review chapters, which include applications in chemistry as well as biology and metallurgy. The book by Cohen and its successor volumes will he of most interest to MRsshauer soecialists wanting to keep up with applications in varied fields. ~
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eether with the ICR data. and the hook. therefore, fills what had bpcume nn uratnt need for review of this field. The most arious tlaw in the hook will be invirihle to most readers: proper credn is not given those who from 1949 onwards, concerved and developed the subject. ICR d ~ dnut commrnw in 1 M a s a reading of this book might suggest. The work of Sommer, Thomson, and Hipple, Phys. Rev., 82,697 (1951) and of Wobschall, Graham, and Malone, Phys. Reu., 131.1565 (1963) laid the foundations. What we have, nonetheless, is an exciting technique and an excellent hook. Engagingly written, liberally illustrated, tabulated and footnoted, the work is almost entirely free of trivial errors. Considerable effort has been taken to orovide clear and accurate descriotiunr of quantitarive phenomena mcluding rate constant+and l i e widths.The descrip. tion of instrumentation and the anc:llary phenomena of double resonance, ion trapping, Fourier transform, and photodissociation spectra are clearly and accurately done. The authors address directly those classical chemists who have trouble accepting the validity of gas phase chemistry. "The chemist who prefers his substances in heakers may be tempted to dismiss some of the more novel products as transient curiosities. If an ion is to he detectad in an ICR spectrometer, it must exist for a t least 10-4 s i n the resonance region of the cell. This is enough time for about 109vibrations per bond. In contrast, the mean lifetime of a particular H80t ion in
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strong acid is 10-l3 s". The realization that gas phase data are more fundamental than solution data has arisen largely from ICR results. Those engaged in courses on instrumental methods of analysis will find much of pedagogic value here. The ICR technique shares common features with nuclear msgnetic resonance spectrometry as well as providing exposure to ion sources, mass anaJysis, and particle detection. The kinetics of ion/ molecule and unimolecular ionic reactions and the thermochemistry derivable from their study will provide the better students of physical chemistry with much of interest. Organic chemists will find steric effects, suhstituent effects, and all the standard reactions-electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution. addition and elimination reactions. A new eeneration of students deserves .. to be spared the painsof inductmnmc furces nnd hypcrconjuantnm. A course in organic chemistry starting from the gas phase and proceeding logically to solution phenomena would have much to recommend it. When such becomes commonplace, the work presented so well in this book will share a large measure of the credit. ~~
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R. G. Cmks Pwdue University oepartment of Chemistry West Lafayetre, ldiaaa 47907
Lawrence H. Bowen Nwfh Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27607
Ion Cyclotron Resonance Spectrometry Thomas A. Lehman, Bethel College, North Newton, Kansas, Maurice M. Bursey, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1976. xi 230 pp. Figures and tables. 15.5 X 23.5 cm.
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Ion cyclotron spectrometry is one of several highly successful techniques which are spin-offs of mass spectrometry. The method has afforded notable success in elucidating chemical reactions in the absence of solvent. Much of the oresent hook treats gas phase nhvrical areanic , ~ ~ ,., ~chemistrv. Results from (hemicnl iwizatiun and other mass spectrometric measurements are presented hereto~~
Volume 55, Number 3. March 1978 / A179
