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i t s s t a t e . T h e s t a t e m e n t on p. 458 “By partial differentiation of t h e four differential energy functions Equations (27-30). . .” is not niatheinatically correct. -1similar criticism can be made a b o u t t h e sentence preceding E q u a t i o n (114) on p . 467. Chapters SI1 a n d X I 1 1 apply t h e fundamental principles t o t h e thermodynamic properties a n d espansion a n d compression of fluids. I n addition, generalized methods are used t o predict properties of substances for which d a t a are not available. So f a r as t h e reviewer is atvare, t h i s is t h e only single place in which such a collection of t h e generalized methods a r e brought together. Chapter XI\: considers b o t h gaseous a n d liquid solutions. Ideal solutions can be handled by previous generalized methods, b u t iion-ideal solutions require esperiniental d a t a . Chapters SV a n d XT.2 cover physical and chemical equiliorium. ,41though both of these subjects are covered in physical chemistry, t h e a u t h o r s present t h e information with a practical rather t h a n a theoretical viewpoint. C h a p t e r S V I I discusses available methods f o r t h e calculation of thermodynamic properties from molecular s t r u c t u r e by both empirical a n d theoretical methods. Throughout t h e t e s t t h e worked-out problems illustrate t h e principles discussed. I n addition, there a r e a large number of u n worked problems which a r e valuable when t h e book is used a s a t e s t . ?*lost of t h e book is suitable for undergraduate classes; however, there a r e p a r t s which should be given only t o graduate s t u d e n t s . P a r t I11 is a n addition t o t h e original volume, Industrial Chemical Calcidatioas. T h e object of t h i s volume can best be given in t h e words of t h e authors a s given in t h e preface: “All these principles are combined in t h e solution of t h e ultimste problem of t h e kinetics of industrial reactions. Quantitative t r e a t m e n t of these proiilrics is difficult, arid designs generally have been based on extensive pilot-plant operations cnrrietl out by a trial-anderror proccdure on successively larger s c d e s . However, recent developments of t h e theory of absolute reaction rates have led t o a tlicrrnodj-naniic approach t o kiiieiic problems which is of considerable value in clarifying t h e subject a n d ieducinp it t o the point of practical applicability. These principles are developed a n d thPir application discussed for honiogeneous, heterogeneous, and catalytic systems. Particular a t t e n t i o n is given t o t h e interpretation of pilot-plant d a t a . Economic considerations are eniphasized a n d problems a r e included in establishing optimum conditions of operation.” Chapter S V I I I considers homogeneous reactions, making application of fundamental physical chemistry t o t h e design of reactors. C h a p t e r S I X discusses the theory of catalysts a n d applies t h e theory t o practical problems. I n some cases t h i s involves empirical methods. C h a p t e r SS brings u p t o d a t e t h e correlations of mass a n d heat transfer in catalyst beds. T h e final results a r e mainly in t h e form of charts. Chapter >;SI gives general methods for catalytic reactor design, including t h e calculation of pressure drops, optimum reaction temperatures, a n d temperature control. .A completely n-orked o u t problem for t h e system sulfur dioside-osygen-nitrogen is given for t h e same composition used in an equilibrium calculation given in P a r t 11. T h e last chapter deals x i t h uncatalyzed heterogeneous reactions including liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, a n d gas-solid systems. There i s a short section on systems involving unsteady s t a t e conditions. P a r t of t h e results a r e again given iu t h e form of c h a r t s . T h i s volume also has a number of illustrative problems worked out in detail. I n general, P a r t I11 is suitable for graduate students only. S . H. CEAGLSKE.
Colorimetric X e t h o d s o j d r z a l y s i s . T h i r d edition. B y F. D. SSELLASD C . T . SSELI.. 239 p p . S e w T o r k : D. Van S o s t r a n d Company, I n c . , 1948. Price: $4.50. T h e t h i r d edition of this n-ell-known work is being published in three volumes, replacing t h e two of t h e second edition. T h e first volume covers t h e theory of colorimetry. instruments, a n d colorimetric determination of p H . I n t h e previous edition these topics were treated in approsimately 160 pages; now t h e y a r e covered in about 200 pages. T h e e s p a n sion is largely due t o t h e risc of photoelectric photometry in t h e twelve years which have elapsed sirier t h e s ~ c o n t edition l appeared. 1Ian)- of t h e old references have been omitted. On t h e other h a n d , nianj- photographs of more modern instruments have been added.
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T h i s co~iipilatiuii!vi11 be found more useful by t h e aiialyst than b y t h e physical chemist. F r o m t h e academic a n d also from the practical viewpoint a more esact discussion of the termiiiology, includiiig t!ie m m e s colorimetry a n d photometry, would be desirable. Th(, use of t h e synibol U t o desigii:ite t h e molar extinction coeilicient is confusing. T h e niore practically inilltied :inalysr will welcome this book, ~ h i c hgives a rcnsonably complete discussion of ilie instruments and g e n e r d methods a n d n-hich contains man?. references t o ihe lirrrntitre.
1. 11.KOLTIIOFT. E. 13. SASDELL. l ' h e It'&/ S O i i l i i i i : G i i i i L ~ L I S T X L L 279 . 1)p. S e m I-ork: Iieinhold Publishing ('orporation, 19-17. P l a n t g u ~ n have s been lit10\~11sntl used i l l c o t n ~ : i e r c ~f o: r several hundred years :~ncla t t h y presetit time m a n y inillions of pouncls are used each year in t h e 1-nited S t a t e s alone. Such substances thrreforc merit attcntioli. T h e t e r m "guni" has been confusing; riot infre quently t h e coniniercinl gunis are of cluestionable origin a n d m a n y samples a r e undoubtedly mixtures. T h e reason for t h e wide use of soluble gunis lies in their unique chemical ant! physical properties, and i t will be appareiit t o those n-ho read this book t h a t an extension of t h e use of gums might ne11 be brought :il)out fundamental studies. T h e book has been nrit,ten in a n nt.teiiipt t o coordinate information relating t o gums a n d to correlate t h e practice ant1 al't with t h e scientific knowledge of these substances. Somi, clarification of t h e gum fie!d n-ill result from a s t u d y of this book, b u t i t appears to t h e r r ~ viewer that, t h e work xi11 be niuch more useful t o the technologist t h a n t o t h e specialist for t h e reason that t h e present kiion-ledge of t h e chemistry of gums a n d mucilages, by no means insignificant. was iiot irtcluded. Had this heen done, t h e book r o u l d have h a d a much wider appeal,
FREDS w m . Oryariic Cur/ipocrrids. Third edition. By RALPHI,. 370 p p . ; 23 fig.; 15 tables. Kew York: J o h n \Viley arid Soils, I n c . . 104s. P r i c e : $4.00. T h i s revision of t h e widely accepted second edition embodies several improvements. The second chapter is now devoted t o t h e presentation of t h e identification scheme, a n d the arrangement. of subsequent chapters follows t h e same order. T h e chapter on c l a s s i k catioii reagents has been expanded a n d rewritten. 130th t h e tables of conipounds a n d t h e final problem section have also been expanded. T h e index n o r gives, for added convenience, the boiling points or riielting points of t h e compounds listed. These improveinents should assurr the hook of continued popularity in t h e field. S m m MACKESZIE. Il'tir S y s l a m u i i c ftler,iijcaliu/ioj .OLD
C. Fr.sos. 13.8 x 21.2 an.;viii
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S e w Yorli : Academic Press, Iiic., Publishers, 19-17, Price: SX.00. T h e importance of knowledge of t h e physics a n d chemistry of surfaces as related t o i n dustrial research has h u t recently become generally appreciated. T h e a u t h o r in this book has pointed out numerous applications of t h e principles of surface chemistry a n d has made a distinct c o i ~ t r i h u t i o nt o industrial workers who encounter surface chemistry problems a n d wish t o know how i o solve t h e m . T h e furldamerltal principles pertaining to thenieasure m e n t of tensions a n d t o free surface energy relations as well as t o electrical properties a t th(, different t y p e s of interfaces are given. T r e a t m e n t of individual subjects is necessarilj. incomplete in a book of such limited size. T h i s incompleteness of treatmvnt is, however. conipensited in p a r t b y t h e fairly extensive bibliography of 1026 references: appropriately arranged a t t h e ends of t h e chapters. T h e over-all treatment makes interesting reading. a n d t h e a u t h o r is t o be conmiended for t h e timely presentation of t h i s valuable book. C'hapter?. i n order. dcal with the interfacial systems: I. Liquid-Gas, 11. Liquid-Liquid,
su/jt'ucc C'heniisl/.!/ ./'o/, f / / d u s / r i u / lfesrc//,r.h. 13y J . J , I ~ ~ K E K \ I . \ s461 . pp.
