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CONTENTS Volume 16, Number 3, March 1982

OUTLOOK 151A Global 2000 Report. Predictions for the environment, natural resources, and populations are reviewed at A A A S meeting. 156A Environmental quality standards. Peer-reviewed scientific data are a necessity for valid, defensible stan­ dards and long overdue.

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REGULATORY ALERT 161A Water amendments. ERT legal counsel Michael Deland highlights the neces­ sary changes for clean water.

FEATURES

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Environmental Science & Technology

© Copyright 1982 by the American Chemical Society Published monthly by the American Chemical Society from 20tH and Northampton Sts., Easton, Pa. 18042. Executive of­ fices: editorial, 1155 16th St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036; advertising, 25 Sylvan Rd. South, Westport, Conn. 06881. Second-class postage paid at Washington, D.C., and at addi­ tional mailing offices. SUBSCRIPTION PRICES 1982: Members, $19 per year; nonmembers (for personal use), $23 per year; institutions, $94 per year. Foreign postage, $8 additional per year. Air freight, air mail, and multiple-year rates available on request. Single issues $8.00 for current year; $9.00 for prior years. Back volumes $96. Rates above do not apply to nonmember subscribers in Japan, who must enter subscription orders with Maruzen Company Ltd., 3-10 Nihon bashi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103, Japan. Tel: (03) 272-7211.

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Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 16, No. 3, 1982

162A Effects of acid precipitation. Over the Appalachian mountains and other re­ gions of the East. N . R. Glass, J. J. Lee, C. F. Powers, U.S. EPA; D. E. Arnold, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Ser­ vice; G. R. Hendrey, Brookhaven National Laboratory; D. L. Rambo, Northrop Services, Inc.; J . N . Gallo­ way, U. of Va.; W. W. McFee, Purdue U.; S. A. Norton, U. of Maine; and G. L. Schofield, Cornell U.

SUBSCRIPTION SERVICE: Orders for new subscriptions, single issues, back volumes, and microfiche and microform editions should be sent with payment to Sales Office, ACS, 1155 16th St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036. Phone orders may be placed, using Visa or Master Card, by calling toll free (800) 424-6747 from anywhere in the continental U.S. Changes of address, subscription renewals, claims for missing issues, and inquiries concerning records and accounts should be directed to Manager, Membership and Subscription Services, ACS, P.O. Box 3337, Columbus, Ohio 43210. Changes of address should allow six weeks and be accompanied by old and new addresses and a recent mailing label. Claims for missing issues will not be allowed if loss was due to: insufficient notice of change of ad­ dress, if claim is dated more than 90 days after the issue date for North American subscribers or more than one year for foreign subscribers, or if the reason given is "missing from files." The American Chemical Society assumes no responsibility for statements and opinions advanced by contributors to the publication. Views expressed in editorials are those of the author and do not necessarily represent an official position of the so­ ciety.

170A Microbial removal of hazardous or­ ganic compounds. A survey of existing knowledge. Hester Kobayashi, Sohio Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio, and Bruce E. Rittmann, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111.

RESEARCH 131

Estimation of inhalation exposure to iV-nitrosodipropylamine during the application and incorporation of the herbicide trifluralin. Edgar W. Day, Jr.,* Donald G. Saunders, James W. Mosier, Edward M. McKinney, Fred L. Powers, Richard D. Griggs, and Richard Frank The sampling and analytical tech­ niques described demonstrate an ex­ tremely low level of exposure poten­ tial. 136 • Quantitative analysis of nitrate ion in ambient aerosols by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. James S. Bogard, Stanley A. Johnson,* Romesh Kumar, and Paul T. Cunningham The work described quantifies ni­ trate ions in standard samples by in­ frared spectroscopy with particular reference to the absorption bands at 2430, 1384, and 840 c m - ' .

Permission of the American Chemical Society is granted for libraries and other users to make reprographic copies for use beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law, provided that, for all articles bearing an article code, the copying organization pay the stated appropriate percopy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. Educa­ tional institutions are generally granted permissions to copy upon application to Copyright Administrator, Books & Journals Di­ vision, at the ACS Washington address.

Credits: Ι49Λ, Curtis Studios, Los Angeles, Calif.; 157A, ES& 7"s Julian Josephson. Cover: Jaime Martin, World Bank.

ESTHAG 16(3) 139A-202A 131-188(1982) ISSN 0013-936X

140 Multitechnique screening of Chicago municipal sewage sludge for mutagenic activity. Philip K. Hopke,* Michael J. Plewa, James B. Johnston, Danny Weaver, Susanne G. Wood, Richard A. Larson, and Thomas Hinesly A study of possible genetic effects resulting from land application of sewage sludge. 148 Analysis of fly ash produced from combustion of refuse-derived fuel and coal mixtures. David R. Taylor,* Michael A. Tompkins, Sarah E. Kirton, Thad Mauney, David F. S. Natusch, and Philip K. Hopke Refuse derived fuel (RDF)/coal fly ash mixtures are characterized according to morphology, composition, size, RDF/coal ratio, and the leaching of trace elements. 154 Ambient aerosol sampling. History, present thinking, and a proposed inlet for inhalable particles. James B. Wedding Data is presented describing a workable device that can serve as a viable inlet system for IP sampling. 162 Effects of complexation by CI, S 0 4 , and S2O3 on adsorption behavior of Cd on oxide surfaces. Mark M. Benjamin* and James O. Leckie Characteristic adsorption behavior of metals and ligands is reviewed, and experimental results for metal adsorption in complexing systems are presented.

Editor: Russell F. Christman Associate Editor: Charles R. O'Melia Associate Editor: John H. Seinfeld WASHINGTON EDITORIAL STAFF Managing Editor: Stanton S. Miller Associate Editor: Julian Josephson Assistant Editor: Bette Jo Hileman MANUSCRIPT REVIEWING Manager: Katherine I. Biggs Associate Editor: Janice L. Fleming Assistant Editor: Monica C r e a m e r Editorial Assistant: Yvonne D. Curry MANUSCRIPT EDITING Associate Editor: Joseph E. Yurvati Assistant Editor: John C. W e b b Copy Editor: Gabriele Glang

170 Selective passage of hydrophilic nitrogenous organic materials through macroreticular resins. Neil M. R a m * and J. Carrell Morris The phenomenon discussed in this paper permits high recoveries of organic nitrogen while simultaneously removing humic material. 174 Fingerprinting inorganic arsenic and organoarsenic compounds in in situ oil shale retort and process waters using a liquid chromatograph coupled with an atomic absorption spectrometer as a detector. Richard H. Fish,* Frederick E. Brinckman, and Kenneth L. Jewett This method suggests future means for quantifying environmental impacts of bioactive organometal species involved in oil shale retorting technology. 180 Extractable organic matter in municipal wastewaters. 1. Petroleum hydrocarbons: Temporal variations and mass emission rates to the ocean. Robert P. Eganhouse* and Isaac R. Kaplan Problems associated with global petroleum hydrocarbon input assessments are discussed in light of new data on the P H C content of municipal wastewaters in Southern California.

GRAPHICS AND PRODUCTION Production Manager: Leroy L. Corcoran Art Director: Alan Kahan Artist: Linda Mattingly Advisory Board: Julian B. Andelman, Russell F. Christman, Kenneth L. Demerjian, William H. Glaze, Robert L. H a r r i s , Jr., Glenn R. Hilst, Michael R. Hoffmann, Roger A. Minear, François M. M. Morel, Leonard Newman, Charles O'Melia, John H. Seinfeld, R. Rhodes Trussell Published by the AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 1155 16th Street, N . W . Washington, D.C. 20036 (202) 872-4600 BOOKS AND JOURNALS DIVISION Director: D. H. Michael Bowen

NOTE 187 Trace element content of Northern Ontario peat. Walter A. Glooschenko* and John A. Capobianco Data indicates that the use of peat as a source of fossil fuel for combustion would present the same threat as coal in terms of trace metal emissions to the environment. * To whom correspondence should be addressed. • This article contains supplementary material in microform. See ordering instructions at end of paper.

DEPARTMENTS 143 A 145 A 147 A 184A 190A 193 A 196A 198 A 200A

Editorial, Letters Currents Products Literature Books Meetings Classified Consulting Services

Head, Journals Department: Charles R. Bertsch Head, Production Department: Elmer M. Pusey Head, Research and Development Department: Seldon W. Terrant Head, Marketing and Sales Department: Claud K. Robinson Manager, Circulation Development: Cynthia S m i t h Associate, Circulation Development: Mary-Ellen Kirkbride ADVERTISING M A N A G E M E N T Centcom, Ltd. For officers and advertisers, see page 202A. Please send research manuscripts to Manuscript Reviewing, feature manuscripts to Managing Editor. For author's guide and editorial policy, see the January 1982 issue, page 78A, or write Katherine I. Biggs, Manuscript Reviewing Office, ES&T. A sample copyright transfer form, which may be copied, appears on the inside back cover of the J a n u a r y 1982 issue.

Environ. Sci. Technol., V o l . 16, No. 3, 1982

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