INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
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VOL. 31, NO. 3
Acknowledgment
Literature Cited
This investigation was carried out as a part of a general program of research being conducted by F k ~ e a r c hProject 37 of the American Petroleum Institute. The financial assistance and cooperation of the institute which made this work possible are acknowledged. The Southern California Gas Company furnished the Supply Of methane used in this study-
(1) Beattie and Bridgeman, PRX. Am. Amd. Arts hi., 63, 229 (1928). (2) Bridgeman,J . Am. Chem. ~ o c 49, . , 1174 (1927). , 107 (1925). (3) Davis, Mech. ~ n g . 47, (4) Deming and Shupe, Phys. Rev., 37, 638 (1931); 48,448 (1935). ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ > ~ ~ $ $ $2% ~ 1112 c H(1936). E ~ * ~
Nomenclature Cp
T
P
H p
b 2
isobaric heat capacity, B. t. u./lb./” F. = temperature, F. abs. = pressure, lb./sq. in. abs. = enthalpy, B. t. u./lb. = Joule-Thomson coefficient, F./lb./sq. in. = specific gas constant (per lb.) = compressibility factor ( P V / b T ) =
Chemical Industry and Economic Progress-Correction In my paper on the above subject [IND. ENG.CKEM.,30, 934 (1938) ] the following errors have been found although there is no material change in the fundamental conclusions of the paper. I n Table I, page 935, the 1933-37 average for the Federal Reserve Board Index of Industrial Production should be 91.4 instead of 100. This means that the progress ratio should be 83.1 instead of 90.9, and the relative progress ratio should be 76.9 instead of 84.1. The Federal Reserve Board Index of Industrial Production also appears in Tables V and VI, where, however, it bears the subcaption “All Manufactures.” Furthermore, in these two tables the incorrect progress ratio of 90.9 was used as a reference standard for calculating the relative progress ratios. When the correct progress ratio of 83.1 is substituted for the incorrect value, each of the relative progress ratios will be raised by 9.4 per cent. In Table VII, page 939, the value of noncoal-tar organic chemicals should be $86,334,000instead of $6,334,000. This means that the total at the foot of that column should be $456,226,000instead of the figure shown, $376,225,000. As a consequence, the weights in column B are changed, and the composite progress ratio at the foot of the final column becomes 197.9 instead of 144.39. This very much better showing for the “Weighted Composite of Chemical Production” should be substituted for the figures given in Tables I, V, and VI. As a result of these errors there is a mistake on page 939; in the second line of the second paragraph under the subheading “Consumption or Production,” the figure 58.8 should read 138.0. I n general, the conclusions of the study are not affected by the results of these corrections, although it is evident that the showing of the chemical industry is considerably improved thereby. In case further explanation is desired, please communicate with the author. E D. P. MORGAN 1 WALL STREBT NBWYORK,N. Y.
January 81, 1939
Casein Fiber In INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERINQ CHEMISTRY [Vol. 31, page 5 (1939) ] there is a paragraph referring to casein fiber which may give a fake impression regarding our work and the characteristics of casein fiber. The process of Gould and Whittier for making casein fiber ww developed without knowledge of the procedure used in the lanital
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(7) Eucken and Parts, 2.physik. Chem., B20, 184 (1933). Hoxton, Phys. Rev., 13, 438 (1919). Keyes and Burks, J . Am. Chem. SOC.,49, 1403 (1927). Kleinschmidt, Mech. Eng., 48, 155 (1926). Kvalnea and Gaddy, J. Am. Chem. SOC.,53, 397 (1931). Perry and Herrmann, J. Phys. Chem., 39, 1189 (1935). Roebuck, Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci., 64, 287 (1930). (14) Sage, Kennedy, and Lacey, IND.ENQ.CHEM.,28, 601 (1936). (15) Sage, Webster, and Lacey, Ibid., 29, 1309 (1937). (16) Vold, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 57, 1192 (1935). (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)
RECEIVED July 25, 1938.
process of Ferretti. It was not until after we had filed a patent application that we succeeded in obtaining a copy of the lanital patent and learned of its special features. Therefore, our process is not an “expansion of the lanital process” but is an independent and novel process. The lanital process uses a special casein that has been subjected to acid treatment at pH 2.9; our process uses any high-grade commercial acid-precipitated casein. Novel features of our process are described in U. S. Patent 2,140,274 (December 13, 1938). Casein fiber made by our process has not been analyzed for sulfur; hence, we do not know how it compares with lanital in this respect. The statement that “none so far produced is any better than damaged wool” is so indefinite as to be meaningless but implies general inferiority. Commercial casein fiber is inferior to wool in certain respects and superior in others, and only definiteness in comparing characteristics would be fair. The statements regarding destruction of casein fiber by bacteria would be fair, if a full statement of the conditions of the tests had been given. We have heard of no complaints that bacteria damage the casein-coated papers in books or that they metabolize casein buttons under ordinary conditions of use. A suit of casein fiber that had hung in a damp basement through a summer would probably be badly damaged but so would a wool suit. Statements have been made on reliable authority that casein fiber is unattacked by moths. E. 0. WHITTIER S. P. GOULD U. 9.DEPARTMENT OF AQRICULTURE WASHINQTON I) C. J ~ U U ~ I27, Y
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Corrections I n the article on “Chemistry in 1938,” which appeared in January, 1939, an error occurs on page 10 where reference is made to the treatment of canine distemper with a chemotherapeutic agent. The compound used in this work by Dochez and Slanetz was sodium sulfanilyl sulfanilate and not the compound noted in our original paragraph. On page 6 acetylene black is described as a new industrial product of 1938, and on page 15 methyl acetate is presented as a product that became commercially available in 1938. It has been called to our attention that acetylene black has been a standard product of Shawinigan Chemicals Ltd. for many years, and that Niacet Chemicals Corporation has been selling methyl acetate in tank car quantities since before 1934.
