Article pubs.acs.org/IC
Design and Synthesis of a New Layered Thermoelectric Material LaPbBiS3O Yun-Lei Sun,† Abduweli Ablimit,† Hui-Fei Zhai,† Jin-Ke Bao,† Zhang-Tu Tang,† Xin-Bo Wang,‡ Nan-Lin Wang,¶,§ Chun-Mu Feng,† and Guang-Han Cao*,†,∇ †
Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China ¶ International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China § Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China ∇ State Key Lab of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China ‡
S Supporting Information *
ABSTRACT: A new quinary oxysulfide LaPbBiS3O was designed and successfully synthesized via a solid-state reaction in a sealed evacuated quartz tube. This material, composed of stacked NaCl-like [M4S6] (where M = Pb, Bi) layers and fluorite-type [La2O2] layers, crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4/nmm with a = 4.0982(1) Å, c = 19.7754(6) Å, and Z = 2. Electrical resistivity and Hall effect measurements demonstrate that it is a narrow gap semiconductor with an activation energy of ∼17 meV. The thermopower and the figure of merit at room temperature were measured to be −52 μV/K and 0.23, respectively, which makes LaPbBiS3O and its derivatives be promising for thermoelectric applications.
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INTRODUCTION Thermoelectric materials have been studied for many years, since they were demonstrated as a promising solution for power generation as well as energy conversion. Bi2Te3-type compounds and their alloys are famous for Peltier application at or below room temperature.1−3 In the last decades, various systems such as oxides, skutterudites, clathrates, half-Heusler alloys, and PbTe-based materials were found to exhibit good thermoelectric properties.4−11 Low-dimensional materials may exhibit essential features required for a high figure of merit, because of their anisotropic crystal and electronic structures. For instance, the BiCuXO (X = S, Se, Te) system, with ZrCuSiAs-type layered structure, is of high thermoelectric performance with a maximum figure of merit, ZT ≈ 1.1, at high temperatures.12−14 Another layered compound, CsBi4Te6, achieves a maximum ZT of ∼0.8 at 225 K through suitable doping.15 Similar materials CsPbBi3Te6 and CsPb2Bi3Te7 were also reported for their large values of thermopower (−50 μV/K and −57 μV/K at 350 K, respectively).16 These complex Cs− Pb−Bi−Te layered compounds consist of anionic infinite [MnTen+2] (M = Pb, Bi; n = 4, 5, 6, 7) slabs separated by the Cs+ cation layers.17 Obviously, the infinite [MnTen+2] layers are responsible for the large Seebeck coefficient. To explore new thermoelectric materials, it is rational to design a layered compound with the [MnTen+2]-type slabs. © 2014 American Chemical Society
Recently, a series of BiS2-based superconductors have attracted much interest, because of their novel superconducting properties.18−23 The crucial structural unit for superconductivity is [Bi2S4] layers, which is isostructural to the [MnTen+2] slabs with n = 2. It also contains fluorite-type [La2O2] layers. It is remarkable that the undoped parent compound, LaBiS2O, exhibits a large thermopower up to ∼150 μV/K at room temperature.24 Thus, it is appealing to design a compound containing [MnSn+2] slabs with n > 2, which may be a candidate for thermoelectric materials as well as parent compounds of superconductors. A rational approach is to assemble the twodimensional (2D) building blocks together, based on the fruitful concept of crystal design.25−31 In this Article, we report our successful trial on the design and synthesis of a new quinary oxysulfide, LaPbBiS3O, which is composed of stacked [M4S6] layers and fluorite-type [La2O2] layers. Figure 1 presents how we could design the target compound from these twodimensional (2D) blocks. The prototype of target compound is LaM2Te3O, which consists of stacked [La2O2] layers and [M4Te6] slabs. After considering lattice match and charge balance, LaPbBiS3O with a new crystal structure was then designed and finally synthesized. Its physical properties were Received: July 17, 2014 Published: October 1, 2014 11125
dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic501687h | Inorg. Chem. 2014, 53, 11125−11129
Inorganic Chemistry
Article
Figure 1. Crystal structure of LaPbBiS3O designed by hybridization of the two-dimensional (2D) building blocks [La2O2] in LaBiS2O and [M4S6] (M = Pb, Bi) in CsM4Te6. Lattice match and charge balance were taken into consideration.
Figure 2. (a) Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for LaPbBiS3O indexed by a tetragonal cell. (b) The Rietveld refinement profile of the XRD pattern for LaPbBiS3O.
impurity peak is
