Article pubs.acs.org/JAFC
Determination and Confirmation of the Antiviral Drug Amantadine and Its Analogues in Chicken Jerky Pet Treats Sherri B. Turnipseed,*,† Joseph M. Storey,† Wendy C. Andersen,† Michael S. Filigenzi,‡ Andrea S. Heise,§ Jack J. Lohne,† Mark R. Madson,†,§ Olgica Ceric,∥ and Renate Reimschuessel∥ †
Animal Drugs Research Center, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Denver Federal Center, Building 20, Denver, Colorado 80225, United States ‡ California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States § Denver Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Denver, Colorado 80225, United States ∥ Veterinary Laboratory Investigation and Response Network (Vet-LIRN), Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 20708, United States ABSTRACT: In this study, we investigated two methods for the detection of antiviral compounds in chicken jerky pet treats. Initially, a screening method developed to detect many different chemical contaminants indicated the presence of amantadine, 1, in some pet treats analyzed. A second antiviral-specific method was then developed for amantadine and its analogues, rimantadine, 2, and memantine, 3. Both methods used an acidic water/acetonitrile extraction. The antiviral-specific method also included a dispersive sorbent cleanup. Analytes were detected and identified by LC-MS (ion trap and Orbitrap) instruments. The antiviral-specific method was validated by analyzing matrix blanks and fortified samples (2.5−50 μg/kg levels). Average recoveries for amantadine (using a deuterated internal standard) in fortified samples ranged from 76 to 123% with relative standard deviations of ≤12%. Amantadine was detected and identified in suspect chicken jerky pet treat samples at levels ranging from
