V O L U M E 26, N O . 5, M A Y 1 9 5 4
911
s h o m in Table 111, indicate acceptable accuracy to as low a sulfate content as 0.15 mg. When the sulfate content is lower than 0.1 mg. the method is not sensitive enough. The difficulty, however, can be overcome by adding a definite volume of a sodium sulfate solution corresponding to a definite volume of the standard barium acetate solution and then titrating to the end point. The sulfate content was calculated from the difference between the total volume of acetate used and the volume equivalent to the sulfate added. .4 t>-pical titration curve is shown in Figure 1.
Table 11. Standardizatioii of Silver Acetate by Oscillometer Compared with JIohr Method (Xorniality of silver acetate soln = 0 05342A-) I I1 R u n number 2.41 2.42 1-olume a t end point. nil. 0.05354 0.05332 Sorniality iZgCnHjO9 soln. 0,23 0.20 T-ariation f r o m M o h r method. Yo
Table 111. Analysis of Sea Water s04-I’iesent, 11g .
SO4 - round, IIg.
c1-
E r r o r , $7c 0.49 0.80 0.40 1.2
0.22 0.71 0.41
1.35 1.69
...
Present, Mg.
c1-
Found,
1Ig.
4 063 4.063
4.068
4.063 4.063 1.339 1 339 1 072 1 072
4.080 4.076
1.079
0.5838
4.012
Error, yo 0 10 1.4 0.50 0.40
1 341
0.15
1.336 1.073 1.074 1.070 0.5360
0.22 0.10 0.19 0.19 0.19
.4 sen-water sample having a chlorinity of 18.59 parts per thousand and a sulfate content of 2.56 parts per thousand --as analyzed by the procedure prescribed. More dilute sample. of known chloride and sulfate contents n-ere prepared by diluting the standard sea water nnd analyzing as before. The results,
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author is grateful to Sorris W.Rakestraw for suggesting the uqe of the oscillometer in this work. LITERATURE CITED
(1) dnderson, L. J., and Revelle, R. R., ISD. ENG.CHEM.,;IXAL. ED.,19,264 (194T). ( 2 ) Jensen, F. IT.,Ibid., 18, 599 (1946). (3) Jensen, F. Y., and Parrack, A. L.. Ibid., 18, 595 (1946). (4) Jlilne, 0. I.. =ISAL. CHEM..24, 1247 (1952). RECEIVEDfor review July 29, 1953. Accepted January 2 8 . 1 9 j 4 . Contribution from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, S e w Series, No. 691. This work is a part of t h e Anlerican Petroleum Institute Research Project 5 1 .
Determination of Bismuth in Pure Bismuth-Lead Eutectic Alloy Improved Phosphate Method LOUIS SILVERMAN and MARY SHIDELER Atomic Energy Research Department, North American Aviation, lnc., Downey, Calif.
B
I S l I U T H finds use as a constituent of alloys of low melting point. I t is frequently alloyed n i t h lead, cadmium, tin, and antimony, singly or in groups ( I ) . These alloys are generally of use in the solid state, but considerable engineering effort is being put forth to use alloys of low melting point as liquid coolants and heat transfer agents (6). In thi. connection extended corrosion studies, both static and dynamic, have been made for these Ion- melting alloy.. If the binary alloy bismuth-lead (55.5 to 44.5% by weight) is to be studied, a method for chemical analysis must be available to check the new mateiial as well as the alloy after i t has been subjected to corrosion testing. Determination of either constituent would be satisfactory; the bismuth procedure was chosen. Many methods have been reported for the determination of traces of hisniuth (8, 1 2 ) and for small amounts of bismuth (3, 5, 11), a
