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T H E JOURNAL OF INDUSTRZAL A N D ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
Vol. 13, No. 7
by means of the calcium chloride method. This methodl has been shown to be accurate for the determination of water in the above liquids. The samples of these four liquids used for solubility determinations were from the same lots as the samples with which the accuracy of the method was tested. The solubility values obtained appear in Table 11. TABLEIT-SOLUBILITY OF WATERI N CERTAINORGANIC LIQUIDS(IN GRAMS PER 100 GRAMSSOLtJTION), DETERMINED B Y THE CALCIUM CHLORIDEMETHOD C . . ............ 21 .O 26.6 42.0 .................... 0.046 0.056 0.088 CHLOROFORM 26.7 27.8 Temperature., C............. 24.5 Solubility .................... 0.084 0.107 0.116 0.084 .... .... CARBONTETRACHLORIDE Temperature., C . . ........... 24 . O 28.5 .... Solubility.. .................. 0.010 0.013 .... Temperature, Solubility
CARBONBISULFIDE
C.............. ....................
Temperature, Solubility
25.0 0.010
26.0 0.011
27.0 0.012
55.0 0.113
....
.... ....
.... .... .... ....
1 T h e benzene remaining after each run was tested with metallic sodium and water was entirely ahsent in each case. I n one case the remaining benzene was again analyzed b y this method’before testing with sodium , and blank values were obtained.
The results show that an increase in solubility accompanies an increase in temperature, with each liquid. The values when plotted locate satisfactory solubility curves. ‘ 0
5
/O
/5
20
25
SO
40
35
45
SOLUBILITY OF WATERIN PETROLEUM FRACTIONS
samples showed that water had been entirely removed. Table I summarizes the results obtained. These results show that all the water is volatilized in the first fraction, which is about one-fourth of the sample. These and later data with other liquids show that this water is completely taken up in the first two absorption tubes and that the first of these absorbs all except about 1 mg. All increases in weight (except a, 1 and 2, where samples saturated with water were run) were averaged to obtain a blank. This average is 1.26 mg. The method of calculating results is : (Increase a 1 Increase a 2 ) - 2 (Blank) -
+
(Volume of sample) X (Specific gravity) per cent water by weight
All results by this method are plotted in the accompanying graph, and curves from Groschuff’s data‘ for paraffin oil and kerosene are also included. These results by calcium chloride absorption agree for each temperature within about 25 per cent (about 0.003 per cent on the weight of sample). They average about 0.002 per cent higher than Groschuff’s kerosene values over this range of temperatures. We would expect the gasoline curve, representing another petroleum fraction, to resemble the curves for paraffin oil and kerosene. From the data obtained by the calcium chloride method it appears that the solubility curve for water in gasoline is similar to Groschuff’s curves for kerosene and paraffin oil, and that the solubility of water in gasoline is somewhat greater than in kerosene. The experimental data are too limited to warrant any conclusion in regard to relation of solubility to specific gravity of the petroleum fraction. SOLUBILITY OF WATERIN BENZENE AND OTHERLIQUIDS
IN
SUMMARY
50
Temperafure, “C
CERTAIN
The solubility of water in benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon bisulfide was next investigated 1 See preceding paper; also EZektrochem., 17 (1911). 348; C. A . , 6 (ISll), 2550; J . Chcm. SOC.,Abs., 100 (1911).11, 695.
The solubility of water in gasoline, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon bisulfide a t various temperatures has been determined by the calcium chloride method and the values obtained have been presented. Honors to Sir J o h n Harrison Among the honors which the King of England conferred upon distinguished scientists of his realm on his last birthday was the degree of Knighthood which was awarded to Professor J. B. Harrison, of Georgetown, Demerara. Professor Harrison has been a member of the AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY for twenty-seven years. An account of his chemical work as Director of Science and Agriculture in British Guiana was published in THISJOURNAL, 11 (1919), 874.
A. C . S. Monograph o n “Glue and Gelatin” In the preparation of the A. C. S. monograph on “Glue and Gelatin,” Dr. Jerome Alexander is calling upon chemists and manufacturers for information of value, with a view to making the book as complete a resume as possible of our present knowledge of the subject. Dr. Alexander would be glad to receive publications and reprints, as well as any information along historical, chemical, physical, and technical lines. Any communications should be addressed to Jerome Alexander, R. F. D. 4, Ridgefield, Conn.
A Grant for Research The American Pharmaceutical Association has available about $360 to be expended after October 1,1921, for the encouragement of research. Investigators desiring financial aid in their work will communicate before September 1 with Prof. H. V. Amy, chai~man,A. Ph. A. Research Committee, 115 West 68th St., New York, giving their past record and outlining the line of work for which the grant is desired. 1
See preceding paper.
