Dec., 1911
T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y .
deposits. He concludes t h a t this deposited soda corroded the iron.
Pennsylvania., ..................... Ohio .............................. Wisconsin. ......................... Maine ............................. Missouri, ..........................
A STANDARD PORTLAND CEMENT SPECIFICATION. United States Government work is being looked into b y a special committee of government engineers, which has been meeting during the past summer. This committee was appointed t o draw u p a tentative specification b y a conference of government engineers t h a t first met in Washington, D. C., on June 17, 1911. The draft of this specification was submitted later t o the conference and proved acceptable in most particulars. The committee was then instructed t o consult with the American Society of Civil Engineers the American Society for Testing Materials and other similar bodies as t o the practicability of developing a uniform specification t h a t might become a generally accepted standard throughout the United States. The committee is composed of A. P. Davis, Chief Engineer, U. S. Reclamation Service; J. C. Plant, Supervising Architect’s office ; Captain W. R. Rose, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A . ; Lieut. C. A. Carlson, Corps of Civil Engineers, U. S. N.; S. S. Voorhees, Bureau of Standards ; A. E. Phillips, Superintendent of Sewers, District of Columbia; and R. J . Wig, Bureau of Standards.
Value.
877,714 415,285 248,238 179,656 193,964
$2,440,350 1,647,335 959,405 893,599 837,681
The small production of coal in California is offset, b y the enormous increase in the production of petroleum, most of which is used for fuel. The oil produced in California in 1910 aggregated between 65,ooo,ooo a n d 70,000,000 barrels, which, on the basis of 3 1 / barrels ~ of oil for each ton of high-grade coal, would be equal t o a production of nearly 20,000,ooo tons of coal. The use of petroleum b y the transportation and manufacturing industries of California has practically eliminated coal as a steam-raising fuel in the State. Oil is also used in the manufacture of gas which is employed for cooking and for heating residences as well as for lighting. Oil is now also coming into use as a direct fuel for household purposes.
Nearly a third of a billion dollars was added t o the wealth of the United States from the mineral production of the western States during 1910, according t o the figures of the United States Geological Survey. This includes about $66,000,000worth of coal, the remaining production, principally metals, having a value of practically a quarter of a billion dollars. The total figures of western mineral production as compiled b y the Survey are $313,944,881.This is about one-fourth the total agricultural production of the same area, the proportion between mineral and agricultural production being about the same as for the entire United States. The agricultural production of the western States, derived from figures of the Department of Agriculture, was approximately $I,394,791,000. The area considered includes the belt from the Dakotas south t o Texas and the territory westward.
PRODUCTION OF LIME IN 1910. The total production of lime in 1910,according t o figures compiled b y Ernest F. Burchard and just given out b y the United States Geological Survey, was 3,469,416short tons, valued a t $13,809,290,a slight decrease in both tonnage and value as compared with the figures for 1909. The average price per ton in 1910was $3.98: The five leading States in the 1910production are as follows :
Short tons.
OIL USED IN PLACE OF COAL.
MINERAL PRODUCTION SECOND ONLY TO AGRICULTURE. +
949
,
NEW JERSEY’S ZINC PRODUCTION. The zinc mines, a t Franklin Furnace, New Jersey, produced in 1910, according t o H. D. McCaskey, of the United States Geological Survey, 308,353 tons of ore for the concentrating mills (producing 263,606tons of concentrates), and 67,324tons of crude ore for the smelters. Figured as metallic zinc, the total recoverable output was 137,355,219pounds of spelter, valued a t $7,417,182.The mines are opened b y a vertical shaft 965 feet deep, a slope t o the 600foot level, and a shaft 1,500 feet deep on a n incline of 47 I/. degrees. The crushing plant has a capacity of 2,240 net tons per 2 4 hours and the separator a capacity of 1,344net tons.
WORLD’S SULPHUR PRODUCTION. The sulphur industry in the United States in 1910 was confined t o the four states of Louisiana, Nevada, Utah and Wyoming, the production of . t h e other states being practically negligible as compared. with t h a t of Louisiana. The production of sulphur for 1910, according t o W. C. Phalen, of the U. S. Geological Survey, was 255,534 long tons, as compared with 239,312long tons in 1909. I n 1910there were imported into the United States 30,833 long tons of sulphur, while the exports amounted t o 30,742 long tons.
SICILY SULPHUR PRODUCTION. The total production of sulphur in Sicily during the first six months of 1911 was 182,678 tons, against 185,825 tons during the corresponding period in 1910.
