Abbreviations in Russian Abstract Journals Covering Chemistry and

44

JOSEPH J. GWIRTSMAN

The consequences of centering attention upon a material are several. Interests become broader than simply chemical, and relations are more complicated than mere combinations of chemistry with another discipline; many disciplines other than chemistry may be more or less concerned. Activities may begin with locating the material; proceed through various stages of processing, transportation, and use: and end with disposal. Although applications are a pertinent aspect, so also are fundamentals, so that the distinction from disciplinal interests is not as simple as that between applied and pure chemistry. Perhaps the key consequence is the emphasis upon rapid progress in a narrow direction, rather than thoroughness in a broad one. Emphasis upon rapid progress is the reason for the prevalence of preprinting within the Divisions of the third group. Started more than 40 years ago in one Division, preprinting has now extended to half. I t may expand further among Divisions of the third group, but has less reason to be adopted by the disciplinal Divisions of the first two groups. A further limit t o the expansion of the practice of preprinting is the ever-rising cost of reproducing and distributing scientific information. Papers that are preprinted, then published in a formal journal, must go through the process twice. The obvious answer is to formally publish the papers before presentation to gain the advantage of preprinting, and t o not do so afterward. At present, the regulations of most scientific societies prohibit that sequence. These regulations were designed to protect disciplinal interest, however, and may not meet the needs of materials-centered Divisions of the ACS. How much emphasis the ACS as a whole should devote to publication in the fields of interest of the materials

group is a question that deserves close study. Not more than 3 5 of the nearly 100,000 members of the ACS belong to any of these Divisions. All members of the materials Divisions have an interest in the disciplinal groups, but the reverse is not true. A possible answer is t o delegate to the interested Divisions the responsibility for administering all publication-informal or formal-in the materials fields. Formal journals in the materials fields might well be designed to cover the interests of more than one Division. Agriculture and Food Chemistry now encompasses the interests of two Divisions. The fields of fuel and petroleum have much in common. Cellulose and wood share some areas with carbohydrates, as do polymers with plastics. Only the field of water and waste lacks a present close companion among the materials Divisions. A journal administered jointly by two or more Divisions might well seem foredoomed to jurisdictional difficulties. One or another would have t o assume the bulk of the responsibility. However, the existence of a good publication medium is such a powerful influence that the initiation of appropriate journals could even promote realignment of Divisional boundaries. Present journals of the ACS thus cover the interests of most Divisions squarely, but provide for the needs of some only indirectly. Perhaps as few as four materials-oriented journals would fill today's needs, provided the preprint features were retained, and regulations against presentation of published materials were modified. Administration of these new journals by Divisions would retain them within the framework of the ACS, a desirable circumstance that has not been entirely possible in either the branch fields of chemistry or in the overlapping fields of chemistry and other disciplines.

Abbreviations in Russian Abstract Journals Covering Chemistry and Related Fields By JOSEPH J. GWIRTSMAN Chemical Abstracts Service, The O h i o State University Columbus 10, O h i a Received M a r c h 13, 1961

The Soviet abstract journals, known as the Referatiunyi Zhurnal ( R Z h ) series, make frequent use of various types of abbreviations. These involve geographical names, bibliographical designations, sources of patents, common words, dimensions, units, symbols, special terms, etc. Their interpretation is given in supplements to instructions to abstractors and editors' of the RZh which are not readily available. Some short and incomplete lists can be found scattered in various RZh issues.' Special abbreviations of words in names of journals are listed in the Index of Abbreviated and Complete Titles of the Scientific and Technical Journals3 covered by the RZh. A general survey of abbreviations in Russian chemical literature has been published earlier.' The list given here includes the most important abbre-

viations used in the series Khimiya, Biologicheskaya Khimiya, Fizika, Metallurgiya, Biologiya, and Geologiya. These abstract journals are considered of importance in the evaluation of completeness of coverage of the Russian chemical literature in Chemical Abstracts.' The list consists of the Russian (Cyrillic) abbreviations arranged alphabetically, the complete Russian (Cyrillic) versions of abbreviated expressions, and their English equivalents. Abbreviations entirely unrelated to the field of chemistry and abbreviations of Soviet institutions have been omitted. It is hoped that this list of abbreviations will be a useful tool not only for the reader of the RZh but for users of many primary scientific and technical Russian journals as well.

CHEMISTRY ABBREVIATIOKS IK RVSSIAN ABSTRACT JOCRXALS Russian .ibbreviation

Russian Complete Version

45

English Equivalent

alanine ampere

a a-*

a6c. a6c. B. a6c. ea. amaq. .l-B p a a a ~ u a aBCTI). aBCTpa.3. &BT. ;I.

BBTOWH.

aBTope4. .l!r-K034. arpOTeXH. AZQ

absolute (alcohol) absolute weight absolute unit aviation arterio-venous difference -4ustrian hustralian "author's sheet" (40,000 types) autogenous author's abstract albumin-globulin ratio agrotechnical adenosinediphosphoric acid (adenosine diphosphate) antigen units Azerbaidzhan acaderiiician (academy) adrenocorticotropic hormone ( A C T H ) acoustical (acoustics) aliphatic alicj-clic adenosinemonophosphoric acid (adenylic acid) Academy of Sciences analytical English, British anti- (form, isomer) arginine Armenian aromatic ampere-second apostilb asymmetrical aspartic acid asparagine astronomical technical atmosphere ( kg/cniz) absolute atmosphere atomic weight atoniic unit gage atniosphcrc baromptrir :itiiiosphere adenosinetriphcsphoric acid (adenosine triphosphiit c- ) adenosinctriphosphatase antircticu1:ir cytotoxic serum (of Bogoniolcts) ampere-hour basophils

*I'nderlined abbreviations appear in italic print in Russian original

JOSEPH J. GWIRTSMAS

46 Russian Abbreviation

6a3oueHTpHp. EA2 6e3BOJH. 6eaopyccK. 6enhr. 632. 63H. 6IiO.T.

mr 60x17. 60TaH. 6p.

EqX E3B


English Equivalent

base-centered British anti-lewisite anhydrous White-Russian Belgian benzene (as a solvent) gasoline (as a solvent) biological (biology) ballistocardiogram Bulgarian botanical (botany) paper Calmettr-Guerin bacillus billion electron volt

6 2

biological roentgen equivalent

6Io.T.

bulletin

B -

volt

B.

east

Ba -

volt-ampere

Bad7

valine variational weber

BapHaq. B6 B-BO

BeHr. BeHrpOX. BeC. BECT BeCTH. Bec. BeT.

9.

BKr BK,?.

BHA BOZH.

BOXH. BOnp. BOCT.

Bcec. BT

BTXl BTOP-

substance Hungarian veneroiogical (venerology) weight, gravimetric departniental standard review, bulletin part by weight veterinary vectorcardiogram inclusively higher nervous activity aqueous wave problems eastern Xll-LTnion watt tobacco mosaic virus secondary

~

-BT-C _

watt-second (joule)

BT-g

watt-hour

BY BbIn. BbIC.-I\IO;I.

high frequency issue, number (of journal) high molecular weight

r. r., rr. r

city year( s ) gram

r

grain (force)

~-

~

ra ._

hectare

raa

gas, gaseous

CHEMISTRY ,IBBREVIATIOKS IK RUSSIAX ABSTRACT JOURSALB Russian .Ihhreviation

ran


47

English Equivalent

gal (gravitational acceleration) gram-atom gilbert hectonatt hectowatt-hour strength of fiber in gram per denier guanosinediphosphoric acid geographical (geograph.) geodetic (geodesy) geological (geology) geophysical (geophysics) patent of the German Democratic Republic heterogeneous hydrological gram-ion histidine hectoliter chapter main glycine chiefly, mostly, mainly glutamic acid glutamine Geiger-Muller counter guanosinemonophosphoric acid (guanylic acid)

rH -

henry

rox7

Dutch

roMor.

homogeneous

rop.

municipal

rOpH.

mountainous, mining

roc.

state State All-Union standard hectopieza

I’OCT rn3 ~

I’rI-pemewa rpaswraq. rpaa

hexagonal close-packed lattice gravitationnl degrees (various systems)

rpes. rpys. rc -

Greek Georgian gauss

rc-3

gauss-oersted

~

gonadotropic hormones guanosinetriphosphoric acid hexachlorocyclohexane hertz (cycle/sec.) face-centered cubic lattire gram-equivalent 2,i-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid pressure Danish decibel

JOSEPH J. GWIRTSMAN



English Equivalent

long waves decigram wood-processing activity j oule diameter distilled differential decaliter decimeter decimeter waves dyne deoxyribonucleic acid deoxyribonuclease deoxycorticosterone deoxycorticosterone acetate reports, proceedings blast furnace supplement road lecturer (.-issoc. Prof.) diphosphopyridine nucleotide reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide 2-P

doctor

"E

Engler degrees unit capacity natural science naturalist

en. erm. eCTeCTB03H. eCTeCTBO11CIIbIT. xc.

x. ;[.

xnJ.

3. 3a~.

3a~ieu. 3an. 3811. 3811. repli. naT. 3anoBeJH.

3-a 3lpaBooxp 3epH. 3003.

journal railroad housing Test bay, gulf substituted western notes, reports patent of Kestern Germany reservation plant (industrial) piihlic health grain, granular zoological (zoology)

1130

and others (et al.) inosinediphosphoric acid hiilletin, transactions edition puhlishing h o l m measuring, gaging is0 (as in isopropyl ale.) is0 (as in iso-CaHIo)

1rao.1

isolpucinp

11

xp.

HJaI U3B.

113;(.

113Z-BO

Ii3?IepI?T. 1130

__

CHEXISTRY AkBBREVI.4TIOXS I N

Russian .ihbre\-iation


RCSSIAX L%BSTRACTJOCRNALS English Equivalent

infrared illustrations named after pulses per second inosineriionophosphoric acid (inosinic acid) foreign Indian industrial engineering (engineer) institute integral informational and others (etc.) artificial Spanish research, exploratory Italian and so on (etc.) and the like (etc.) inosinetriphosphoric acid indole-S-acetic acid coulomb kiloampere Kazakh small calorie Canadian catalytic quality qualitative square kilovolt short waves, short-wave (transmitter) kilovoltampere kilovolt-ampere reactive kilowatt kilowatt-hour kilograni (force) kilogram-meter kilogram-meter per second kilogram-moleciile kilohertz (liilocycle/sec.) Krr

kiloroentgen kilojoule kinetic instruments, instrumentation Kirgiz Chinese kilocalorie kilocurie clinical kilolumen

49

JOSEPH J. GWIRTSMAN



English Equivalent

kilometer Michaelis constant kiloniegahertz coenzyine A coherent amount quantitative co11oid a 1 vibrations per second kilohm commission complex coninlittee configurational concentrated concentration concentrate Korean cosmic coercive force coefficient efficiency critical (as in Tcr) crystalline critical (as in crit. vol.) which, t h a t acid heat-transfer coefficient cubic dermo-focal distance kilo electron volt leukocytes liter Leningrad laboratory Latvian Latin liter-atmosphere luteinizing hormone glacial (acetic acid) leucine ligroine (as a solvent) lysine lymphocytes Lithuanian literature lux lumen lambert lumen-second JIM-ZI

lumen-hour logarithmic horseporn-er

CHEMISTRY ; ~ B B R E V I A T I O S S IS RCSSIAN .~BSTR.ICT JOVRYALS Russian Complete Version

English Equivalent

horsepoLver-hour myelocytes meter meta- (position of substituent) molarity of solution

1 40s c 0IT milliampere magnetic maximum maximal mine surveying mass unit mathematicnl (mathematics) machine building niacliine building millibar millibarn millibarn per steradian millivolt meter waves ministry meters of water column (pressure) mi!liwatt megawatt milligram milligal miliihenry megahertz magnetomotive force international units metal medical land reclamation methionine metallic physical metallurgy mechanization mechanical mechanics mechanical ohm minute minimum mineral mineralogical minimal millicoulomb maxweli millicurie milliliter molality of solution million

51

JOSEPH J. GWIRTSMAN



h13PJ.

bi11ion millimeter

MM

-

1111B

niillinieter waves millimeters of water column (pressure)

MM BOJ. CT. -

niilliinole millimeters of mercury column (pressure)

3IMO.Tlb

XIM

English Equivalent

PT.CT.

~~

M-HMe hlon. AMO;I.B.

>IOJOqH. MOJIb( P-MOJIb)

_

_

~

~

deposit, formation molecular molecular weight milk, lactic gram niolecule (mole)

MOV

milliohni

110.M

me go h in method of niolecular orbits monocytes open-hearth furnace niillipoise meter-candle millisecond millifarad 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid megaelectron volt megaelectron volt/velocity of light milliequivalent milliroentgen millimicron normality of solution neutrophils normal (structure of a n organic compound)

HaIIp. HaCbIlq. HaCbIW.K.3.

for example saturated saturated calomel electrode

HaJ’qH.

scientific

H.B.3. ~e3a~ew. HeZ%Tp.

normal hydrogen equivalent unsubstituted neutral

HefiTP-qHR

neutralization German unsaturated unpurified

HI31

HeHaCbIrU. HeOYHq. Henepuo;ruq Hep. O C T . He4T. H.-II. H M ~

HOPB. HOPJI. HOPM. HT

nonperiodic insoluble residue petroleum, oil scientific-research (institute) 1 cubic meter, converted to normal conditione Sorwegian norleucine normal nit (unit of luminance)

~

HY H.3.

low frequency, audio frequency of our era (A.D.)

CHEMISTRY ABBREVIATIOSS ISRCSSIAN ABSTRACT JOURNALS

53


English Equivalent

0-

OCTPOB OpTO-

island ortho- (position of substituent)

06.R.

06beMHbIii BeC

volume(tric) weight, loading weight, bulk density review region, regional revolutions per minute

Riissian .ibbreviation

O.( 0 - R )

063. 06.T. O~/MIIH

observatory p a r t by volume general, total body-centered lake oceanographic (oceanography) society ohm ohm-centimeter experimental hydroxyproline optical organic All-rnion Standard mesh (of screen) per em2 section, division relative negative cooled body-rentered cubic lattice purifipd n. n-

stabnuclear (leukocytes) para- (position of substituent) para-aminobenzoic acid (?;a salt) para-aminohippuric acid parallel partial para-aminosalicylic acid ( S a salt) patent U.S.A. patent pathological picogram (micromicrogram = lo-" g ) pedagogical translation primnryrecrystallized alternating (current) reprocessed, rev-orked periodic periods per second

petroleum ether pieza food, alimentary. nutritive peninsula surfncc, superficial running mptw



English Equivalent

under the editorship subfamily index of refraction positive seniiconductor Polish polarographic Portuguese potential loss on calcination instrument manufacture applied editor’s note problems designing, planning, projecting industrial production, manufacture! industry proline industrial intermediate product industry professional application of prosthesis professional picafarad river(s) genus, genera radian radians per second diluted exploratory, exploring, prospecting division, section disintegrations per minute per gram plants rationalization, rationalizing racemate racemic hemagglutination reaction editor relativistic republican abstract figure ribonucleic acid ribonuclease eryt,hrocyte sedimentation rate solution solvent complement fixation reaction heinagglritination inhibition reaction Romanian readon reticuloendothelial system

CHEMISTRY XBBREVIATIOSS ISRL-SSIAN ABSTRACT JOURSALS Russian Abbreviation


55

English Equivalent

srgmentonuclear (leukocytes) north collection stilb

C.

C. C6. C6 CB

-

candle (international)

CB-BO

property super-high frequency

CBY c-r CeB. ceficws. ceM. cep. cep. cep6.

centigram northern seismic family series

CHRI -

serine Serbian symmetric

CHH -

syn (form, -isomer)

CHHTATEIY. cmTeRia M W C C CHcTexra XIKC CGiCTeVa crc C.7. c;IoBm. CJIOBeH.

synthetic meter-kilogram (force) -second system of units meter-kilogram-second system of units centimeter-gram-second system of units traces (in analyses) Slovakian Slovenian see, compare centimeter

CM.

CM -

CMB

centimeter ivaves cerebrospinal fluid sthene

CRlX CH

C.O.

standard sample

POSCTB coo61II roq.

en. cnemp men. CIIHPT. cnyas __

K O M ~ pacc .

CP .

proper, intrinsic: inherent, self-, eigen report socialist ethyl alcohol ( a s a solvent) Raman spectrum sperial alcoholic (solution) centipoise

CCT -

compare (in references) cent istoke

CT. CT.

article. paper station

CT CT. CTr cTepan

stoke

~

steel pituitary somatotropic hormone steradian

cTepaa/ceK

stpradians pw second

CTexHoXeTpEIs CTP-BO

stoichiometric bi~ilding.construction student shipbuilding agricul ture agricultural

CTYZ. CySOCTp. c.x. c.-x.

JOSEPH J. GWIRTSMAN


-T T 2,4,5-T Ta6X T. a6c. Tan;Yc. TaTap. T. BOW. T. B O C I I X

TB. p-p T. BCII.

TB9 T.e. Teop. TeopeTEIs Teplms. TepYO-B.&C. TeTpar. TeXH. TeXHUY TeXHO30FEIY.

T:X T. 3 a ~ . T. 3aCT. TUP. T. ucn. T.X. T . Kan.7. T. K m .

T.

~ u n 1. 0 6 ' / 13~~


English Equivalent

ton titer 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyaceticacid table absolute temperature Tadzhik Tatar sublimation point fire point, ignition temperature solid solution flash point high-frequency current t h a t is (i.e,) theoretically theoretical thermal thermo-electromotive force tetragonal technique, technology technical technological solid-liquid ratio freezing point congelation point tyrosine vaporization temperature since drop point (petroleum) boiling point boiling point 106" a t the pressure of 13 mm. Hg

TKM -

ton-kilometer

T. KOHA.. T. KPUT. T.K.9.

condensation temperature critical temperature temperature coefficient of freqwncy ton-meter

TM -~

T.OTB. T. nx. TIIH

solidification point melting point triphosphopyridine nucleotide

T I I H - HP

reduced form of triphosphopyridine nucleotide transformation temperature transactions temperature decomposition temperature softening point tractor trans-(fornl, isomer) transport threonine recrystallization temperature trrtiart triclinic

CHEMISTRY ABBREVIATIONS IN RUSSIAN ,IBSTRACT JOURSALS Russian Abbreviation ~-

Russian Complete Tersion

57

English Equivalent

-

tryptophan vitrification temperature, brittleness temperature (plastics) thyrotropic hormone t,echnical specifications Turkish Turkmenian thousand ultra-high frequency specific sperific weight, specific gravity uridine diphosphate supersonic Uzbek Gkrainian uridine monophosphate university level equation reference unit advances device, installation uridine triphosphate ultraviolet scientific (reports) farad phot flavine adenine dinucleotide department phenylalanine physical (physics) physiological physicomrrhanical physicochemical branch Finnish factory, plant formula flavine mononucleotide phot-second phot- hour French follicle-stirii~ilatinghormone function roentgen equivalent physical economy chemical chloroform (as a solvent) econoniiral Croatian ridge. range. crest chemically pure


JOSEPH J. GWIRTSMAN English Equivalent

4

centner

qeHTp. UHC -

central cyclic cis (form, isomer)

LIHC

central nervous system

Y.

qexocn. qem.

part Czechoslovakian Czech

msea. msetitq.

Swedish Swiss

qen. me~1.-3e~.

alkaline alkaline-earth

3.

eosinophils electron (charge)

qllKJEIY.

3

-

3 -

oersted

3 3B -

equivalent electron volt

3.x.c. 3XB

electromotive force ethylenediaminetetraacetate equivalent

3 ~ r

electrocardiogram

3K3.

COPY experimental exploitation, operation exponential electron diffraction (study) electric electrolytic elementary cell, unit cell electromagnetic unit electron niicroscopic

3ATA

a~cnep~u. a~cnnya~. 3KCnOHeHq. an.-rpai$us 3neKTpHs. 3JIeKTPOJIZXTWI. 3JIeM. RY. 3JI.-MarH. e s . 3X.-MEIKPOCKOIIWI. 33.-OIITEIY.

electron optical

aJI.-cT.e;l.

electrostatic unit

a~epr.

energy (power engineering)

3HTP. 3;1.

entropy unit

3P. 3CT.

erythrocytes

34.

ether (as a solvent)

34HP

ether, ethereal

331-

electroencephalogram

lo.

ro.

juvenile (cells) south

loXCH.

southern

RS.

ex. RnOH.

nuclear unit Japanese

"5

microampere

"B "'BT

microvolt

Estonian

microwatt microgram

"E

microcoulomb

Abbreviations in Russian Abstract Journals Covering Chemistry and

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