Active Learning Models from the Analytical Sciences - ACS Publications

Subject Index

Downloaded by 80.82.77.83 on December 31, 2017 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date: August 2, 2007 | doi: 10.1021/bk-2007-0970.ix002

A Academic-industrial partnerships, 1819 A C S , See American Chemical Society Active learning bibliography of teaching resources, 272-274 general description, 2-3 graduate analytical chemistry, 255257 importance to chemist's career, 14 resources for introducing into classroom, 271-272 See also Analytical Sciences Digital Library, Collaborative learning, Cooperative learning, Virtual mass spectrometry laboratory Adult learning theory, bibliography, 273 American Chemical Society (ACS) ACS-approved technician programs, 224-229 analytical chemist employment data, 15 Chemical Technology Program Approval Service, 220 ChemTechStandards, 220-221 conference courses, 20 Experiential Programs in Chemistry, 110 report on future of chemical enterprise, 15 Analytes in service learning, 113-115 Analytical chemistry adapting course to problem-based learning, 71 animations, 130-135

context-based case studies, 87-97 course redesign, 240-245 C T materials for technicians, 224 growing interest in processes, 141 history of education, 23-30 industrial internships and co-ops, 18-19 literature on cooperative learning, 58 philosophy of teaching, 234-235 required educational components, 17-19 Scifinder Scholar, 62 technician programs, 219-220 See also Analytical Sciences Digital Library; Animation programs; Beginning analytical chemistry; Graduate analytical chemistry, introductory; Undergraduate analytical chemistry; Virtual mass spectrometry laboratory Analytical Chemistry, journal, historical role in education, 25 Analytical chemists employment data, 15, 16 training and degree requirements, 17-19 Analytical Sciences Digital Library contents and general description, 189-191 copyright issues, 190-191 editorial structure, 191-193 funding, 195-196 links to chemical databases, 195 publication of online articles, 190— 191, 194 support of user communities, 193 teaching resources, 194-195 3

279

Mabrouk; Active Learning ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2007.


280 usage statistics for 2006, 196197Analyzelt, 162 Anesthetics, in virtual mass spectrometry laboratory, 179181 Animation programs assessment of success, 135-136 authoring content, 127-129 benefits, 6, 136 copyright issues, 139-140 Flash-based animation tools, 131134 GIF and QuickTime versus vectorbased, 127-128 history in teaching chemistry, 124— 125,131 navigation tools, 129, 130/ 130/ primer, 126-129 publisher-generated programs, 125-126 QuickTime movies, 128, 129, 131, 134 static/passive animations, 130-135 virtual laboratories, 133-134 Aquariums, in quantitative analysis, 144-147 Art, authentication laboratory, 194 Assessment Analytical Sciences Digital Library, 194 of animation in teaching, 135-136 bibliography of archival resources, 273-274 of bioanalytical chemistry course, 78-84 of context-based case studies, 9 6 97 of cooperative learning, 41-42, 50, 58 of educational requirements, 10 of general chemistry courses, 144 of quantitative analysis course, 147 of quantitative analysis course redesign, 243-245

by students, of service learning, 118-119 of technician programs, 229-231

Beginning analytical chemistry course structure, 202-206 handling high volume of student emails, 215-216 interactive help, 206-208 interactive materials, 207-212 on-line courses, operational problems, 213-215 on-line materials, maintenance, 209-210 simulation of titration and other exercises, 208-209, 210-212 testing, 205-206 Web page design, 201-202 Bibliography, resources on active learning and teaching, 272-274 Bio-Rad Laboratories, software, 160165 Bioanalytical chemistry, undergraduate course evaluation, 78-84 history, 70 and problem-based learning, 70 project selection by students, 7 1 73 student group structure, 73-74 Biological chemistry, literature on cooperative learning, 58 Blood analysis, 174-177 Budget preparation, as part of undergraduate course, 146

C T materials, analytical chemistry education, 224 Caffeine, 182-183 3



281 Calibration need to teach classical methods, 144 with error analysis, 142-144 Carnegie Mellon University, 171 Case studies anesthetic identification, 179-181 benefits for skills development, 8788 bibliography of archival resources, 273 caffeine, 182-183 cocaine in hair, 183-184 distance learning, 95-96 drug discovery, 91-93 G C - M S , 174, 180, 182-183 in general chemistry courses, 142 in high school chemistry, 88-89 history in chemistry education, 4-5 New Drugs for Old, 90-93 polymer analysis, 177-179 in pre-university chemistry, 88-89 protein identification, 174-177 titanium dioxide, 93-95 virtual learning environment, 9 5 96 See also Context-based case studies C A T M E , 46 ChemDraw, 159 Chemical databases, links to, 195 Chemical engineering course, cooperative learning, 50 "Chemical Enterprise 2015," report, 15 Chemlnnovation, 159 Chemometrics general chemistry, 142-144 instrumental analysis, 147-152 lecture courses, 141-142 quantitative analysis, 144-147 in research-supportive curricula, 140-150 statistical concepts, 141, 143, 146 water quality assessment, 144-145 ChemSketch, on-line software, 158

ChemTechStandards, 220-221 Chime, 125, 168 Cocaine in hair, 183-184 Collaborative learning benefits, 58, 60 semester-length laboratory projects, 63-65 student groups, forming, 59 undergraduate analytical chemistry, 58 See also Cooperative learning, Project-based learning Collaborative research effect on faculty, students, postdocs, 264-269 elements needed for success, 263264 in industry vs. academia, 261, 262 in National Science Foundation, 260, 262/ Colleges with technician programs Community College of Rhode Island, 228 County College of Morris, 225 Delaware Technical and Community College, 226 Delta College, 227 Miami University Middletown, 227 Southeast Community College, 224 Texas State Technical Institute, 228 See also Technician programs Community colleges, relation to fouryear institutions, 10 Company internships, co-ops, training programs, 18-20 See also Pharmaceutical companies Comprehensive Assessment of Team Member Effectiveness, 46 Computer programs, See Software Computers history in chemistry education, 28 operating systems for on-line courses, 213-215 Conferences A C S courses, 20



282 courses sponsored by Proctor & Gamble, 19 Human Proteomics Conference, 21 importance of attending overseas conferences, 21 Conflict management, in cooperative learning, 47-48 Context-based case studies analytical chemistry, 87-97 distance learning, 95-96 on-line case studies, 95-96 paucity of literature on, 88 quality assurance in course design, 87-88 student evaluations, 96-97 at universities of Plymouth and Hull, 89-97, 90/ See also Case studies Continuing education in industry, 19 Cooperative learning adjusting grades for individual contributions, 37-39 advantages over traditional learning, 35 assessment, 40, 47, 49, 58 bibliography, 40, 272 chemical engineering course, 50 conflict management tools, 47-48 demographics, role in forming teams, 44 examples of courses, 40-41, 50 five defining elements, 36 general description and history, 3 implementation, 43-49 in-class exercises, 59 Jigsaw structure, 39, 45 laboratories and projects, 4 literature on, 58 oral reports, 45 peer editing of reports and presentations, 38 peer-led team learning, 39 research studies of, 41—42 role-playing in laboratories, 235236

student assignments, 37-^0 summary, 49-50 team projects, problems associated with, 35, 43 teams, and individual accountability, 45, 45-46 teams, forming, 15, 43-45 teamwork skills, development of, 47-48 See also Collaborative learning, Problem-based learning, Projectbased learning Copyright Analytical Sciences Digital Library, 190-191 authored animations on the Web, 129-130 Creative Commons license, 190-191 Crisis clinics, in cooperative learning, 48

D Data domains, history of concept, 26 Database creation, in service learning, 107 Databases, chemical, 195 Dean, John, 26 Degree requirements for analytical chemists, 17 Delaware Technical and Community College, 226 Demographics of analytical chemists, 15 in forming student teams, 44 Digital libraries Analytical Sciences Digital Library, 30 bibliography of archival resources, 274 National Science Digital Library, 7 Distance learning benefits reported by students, 8 case studies, 95-96


283


Drawlt, 161 Drug discovery and pharmaceutical development, case study, 91-93

E-mail, handling student questions, 215-216 Eastern Oregon University, service learning at assessment strategies, 117-118 benefits reported by students, 118120 environmental analysis, 112-117 general chemistry, 112-115 instrumental techniques, 113-115 proposed projects, 116/ qualitative assessment of metals, 113-115 Umatilla Indian Reservation, 116117 volatile organic compounds, 115 water quality assessment, 112-115 Ecosystems, in quantitative analysis, 144-147 Editorial functions, Analytical Sciences Digital Library, 191-193 Education, chemical history, 23-30 journals focused on education research, 274 role of journals as record of trends, 29 role of National Science Foundation, 25, 29, 102, 222 Electronic methods advantages for active learning, 6 faculty experimentation with, 5 Employers analytical chemistry skills sought by, 56 principal employers of analytical chemists, 15, 16 skills required by, 87-88

Employment data on analytical chemists, 15 Environmental projects, in service learning analysis, 112-115 chemistry, 116-117 Environmental toxicology, history in education, 28 Error, experimental, in quantitative analysis, 242/ Evaluation of courses, See Assessment Exams, See Testing

F Flash-based animation tools, 131-135 Food, selection of projects by students, 72 Foreign countries importance of attending overseas conferences, 21 outsourcing of U.S. jobs, 15 Forensic-based experiments, 194 Future of chemical enterprise, report, 15

G Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( G C - M S ) student selection of projects, 72 in virtual mass spectrometry laboratory, 174, 180, 182-183 General chemistry case studies in chemometrics, 142— 144 course assessment, 144 example of cooperative learning, 40,41 literature on cooperative learning, 58 service learning project, 112-115 software, 166-168



284 General Laboratory Calculations, M S fragmentation software, 164 Goals of learning, in course design, 55-57 Grading, in problem-based learning, 37-39, 77-78 See also Testing Graduate analytical chemistry, introductory criteria for critiquing student papers, 254/ history at University of Illinois, 248-249 measurement science, articles for student reading, 249-252 personal account of teaching, 249257 plagiarizing by students, 25.3 student presentations, 249, 251— 253 testing, 254-255 Graduate schools, top three in analytical chemistry, 18 Groups, student, See Teams, student Guided inquiry approach, in general chemistry, 142-144

H Harris, Daniel C , 238 Help screen, interactive, 206-208 High school chemistry, role of case studies, 88-89 History analytical-based animation, 124— 126,131 analytical chemistry education, 2 3 30 case studies in education, 4-5 graduate introductory analytical chemistry, 248-249 problem-based learning, undergraduate, 70

quantitative analysis curriculum, 234-239 student groups in education, 27, 28 Homework assignments, in projectbased learning, 60 Human Proteomics Organization conference, 21

Idaho State University, 140 Industrial production of titanium dioxide, 93-95 Industry alliances for technician education, 220 continuing education, 19 importance of active learning throughout career, 14 internships and co-ops, 18-19 sales representatives, training, 20 Industry-university partnerships, 1819 Instrument manufacturers, customer training by, 20 Instrumental analysis animation, 133-134 chemometrics in undergraduate course, 147-152 formal student reports, 150 history in chemistry education, 2 4 30 service learning, 113-115 skills gained by students, 65 standard operating procedures, 148-150 undergraduate research projects, 150-151 virtual mass spectrometry laboratory, 175-177 Interactive animations, 131-134 Interdisciplinary research, See Collaborative research



285 Internet teaching tools, See Analytical Sciences Digital Library, Animation programs, Beginning analytical chemistry, On-line tools, Virtual mass spectrometry laboratory Internships and co-ops, industrial, 1819 IQ Academic Spectral Database, 164— 165 IR, Raman spectra software Analyzelt, 162-163 Reflnelt, 163 use in classroom, 165-167 ISIS/Draw, 159-160

Jigsaw structure, in cooperative learning, 39, 45 Job skills, analytical chemistry, 56 Journals as record of education trends, 29 kept by students, 76-77 of science education, 11, 29 of science education research, 274

K KnowItAll Academic Edition, ISIS/Draw, 160-161

Laitinen, Herbert, 24, 25 Lansing Community College, 226 Learning goals, in course design, 55-57 theory, bibliography of, 272-273 Lectures, introductory graduate course, 249-253

Libraries Analytical Sciences Digital Library, 30 bibliography of archival resources, 274 National Science Digital Library, 7 Lipid content of fish, 147 Literature review, of teaching quantitative analysis, 233-239

M M A L D I - T O F , 174-177 Malmstadt, Howard, 26 Management training in industry, 21 Marbrouk, Patricia Ann, problembased analytical chemistry course, 69 Mass spectrometry expertise needed in pharmaceutical industry, 18 M A L D I - T O F , 176-179 fragmentation software, 164 remote control, 186 See also Virtual mass spectrometry laboratory Measurement articles for student reading, 249252 topics in quantitative analysis course, 242/ See also Chemometrics Measures of performance, See Assessment Miami University Middletown, 227 Minorities and women as authors of service learning articles, 103 formation of student teams, 44 improved retention, with cooperative learning, 58 underrepresentation in S T E M disciplines, 9-10


286 Minorities, tendency to work together, 59 Molecular modeling, history in analytical chemistry teaching, 124-126, 131 See also Animation programs, Structure drawing and visualization software, Murray, Royce, 25, 29


N National Science Digital Library funding, 195-196 history, 7 National Science Foundation and Analytical Sciences Digital Library, 189 effect of "broader impacts" requirement, 102 Engineering Directorate, example of collaborative trend, 260,262/ historical role in chemistry education, 25 and technician education, 222 workshops on chemical education, 29 N M R spectra, software, 165-167

O On-line communities, 193 On-line courses advantage for active learning, 6 case studies, 95-96, 97 faculty experimentation with, 5 maintenance, 209, 216 operating systems, 213-215 reasons for slow acceptance, 199201,202 See also Beginning analytical chemistry On-line publications, 194-195

On-line resources for educators Analytical Sciences Digital Library, 194-195 service learning, 111 On-line titrations, practice, 209 Oral reports in analytical chemistry course, 63 in cooperative learning, 45 in introductory graduate course, 251-252, 256 peer editing, 38 Organic chemistry example of cooperative learning, 40-41 literature on cooperative learning, 59 Outcomes, See Assessment Outsourcing of U.S. jobs, 15, 16

P Partnerships, academic-industrial, 1819 P B L , See Problem-based learning Peer editing of reports, 38-39, 251 — 252 Peer-led team learning, 39 Peptide identification, 174-177 Performance measures, See Assessment Pharmaceutical companies need for mass spectrometry expertise, 18 principal employers of analytical chemists, 16 Pharmaceutical development, case study, 91-93 Physical chemistry example of cooperative learning, 40 literature on cooperative learning, 59 Plagiarizing by students, 253 Polymer analysis, 177-179



287 Pre-university chemistry, 88-89 Problem-based learning adapting undergraduate course format, 71 analytical chemistry, beginning, 203-204 Analytical Sciences Digital Library, 194-195 assessment, 78-84 bibliography of archival resources, 273 classroom discussion topics, 7 5 76 grading, 77-78 in history of chemistry education, 27-28, 70 job safety analyses, 77 and project-based learning, 3-4 project selection by students, 7 1 73 projects at Northeastern University, 70-71 in quantitative analysis, 236 reflective journaling, 76-77 scaffolded supports, 74-77 student group structure, 73-74 subject of survey, 237-238 See also Project-based learning Problem sets, beginning analytical chemistry, 203-208 Process skills needed for chemistry career, 140-141 Proctor & Gamble conference courses, 19 Programs, computer, See Software Project-based learning as variant of problem-based learning, 4 avoiding dysfunctional student groups, 61 benefits observed, 58, 60 creating student groups, 59 homework assignments, 60 laboratory experiments, examples, 62

peer- and self-assessment, 61 role of in-class exercises, 59 semester-length projects, 63-65 student selection of projects, 71-73 undergraduate analytical chemistry, 54-55, 57 See also Problem-based learning Project management training, 21 Projects, selection by students, 71-73 Protein identification, 174-177 Publishing, on-line, 191-193

Q Qualitative assessment of metals, 113115 Quality control and assurance in course design, 87-88 source of employment, 16 Quantitative analysis courses budget preparation by students, 146 chemometrics, undergraduate course, 144-147 classical methods, teaching, 144 course design and assessment, 239245 developments of past 25 years, 233-239 ecosystems and aquariums, 144— 145, 147 error, experimental, 242/ in history of chemistry education, 24-26 lead, instrumental analysis of, 236 literature review, 233-240 measurement topics, 242/ mineral analyses, 237 pedagogical methods, 235-236 redesign, 240-245 surveys of teachers, 237-238 textbooks, role, 238-239 theme-based laboratories, 236-237 QuickTime movies, 128, 129, 131, 134


288


R RasMol, 125, 126/ 166 Reading assignments, graduate analytical chemistry, 249-252 Reilley, Charles, 26 Reportlt, 161 Reports, student in analytical chemistry course, 63 in bioanalytical chemistry course, 72-73 in instrumental analysis course, 150 oral reports, 38, 45, 63 peer editing of, 38 See also Oral reports Research importance in undergraduate curricula, 141 in science education, journals focused on, 274 studies of cooperative learning, 58 See also Bioanalytical chemistry, undergraduate; Case studies; Chemometrics; Collaborative research; Instrumental analysis; Problem-based learning; Quantitative analysis courses; Service learning; Virtual mass spectrometry laboratory Research-supportive curricula, chemometric tools, 140 Reward structure, in problem-based learning, 77-78 Rogers, Lockhard "Buck," 26

S Safety analysis, 77 S A L G , 78 Sam Houston State University, 123 Sawyer, Donald, 26 Scaffolded supports, for problembased learning, 74-77

Scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL), 240 Scifmder Scholar, 62 Service learning active learning projects, 103 activities, types of, 105 aggregated database creation, 107 author institutions, types of, 102103 bibliography of archival resources, 273 community relations, 110-111 definition, 103-104, 110 gender distribution of authors, 103 in general chemistry, 142 general description, 5 growth of citations to, 101/ literature on, 100-102 on-line resources for educators, 111 schools that have instituted, 104106 skills learned by students, 110 soil contamination, 106 to meet public's demand for information, 105 watershed analysis, 106/ See also Eastern Oregon University, service learning at Sigga, Sidney, 25, 26 Simulations, beginning analytical chemistry, 208-209 Skills acquired through service learning, 110 role of case studies in development, 87-88 sought be employers, 56, 140— 141 teamwork skills development, 4 7 48 Software in curricula, benefits to students, 157



289 custom packages, 208-209 general chemistry, 166-168 spectra processing, 163 See also Animation programs, Spectra processing software, Structure drawing and visualization software, Virtual mass spectrometry laboratory Soil contamination, 106 SoTL, 240 Spectra processing software Analyzelt, 162-163 Reflnelt, 163 use in classroom, 165-167 Spectrochemical Methods of Analysis, course, 248-249 Spreadsheets, history in chemistry education, 28 Standard operating procedures, instrumental analysis, 148-150 Statistical concepts chemometrics, 141, 146 in development of standard operating procedures, 148 Structure drawing and visualization software ChemDraw, 159 Chemistry 4 - D Draw, 159 ChemSketch, 158 ISIS/Draw, 159-160 KnowItAll Academic Edition, 160— 165 Student Assessment of Learning Gains (SALG), 78 Student evaluations, See Assessment Student ratings, See Assessment Surveys of analytical chemistry teachers, 237-238 of instrumental analysis courses, 30 of undergraduate quantitative analysis courses, 30 SymApps, 163

T Taylor, John, 26 TCEPs, 78 Teams, student avoiding dysfunctional groups, 61 firing team members, 46 formation, 43-^45 in general chemistry, 143 group structure, 73-74 history in chemistry education, 27, 28 problems associated with projects, 35,43 Team Maker, on-line tool, 44 teamwork skills, development of, 47-48 See also Collaborative learning, Cooperative learning, Problembased learning, Project-based learning Technician programs alliances with industry, 220 in analytical chemistry, 219-220 approved by A C S , 224-229 assessment, 229-231 C T materials, 224 ChemTechStandards, 220-221 critical job functions, 221/, 222/, 223/ educational materials, 223 examples of curricula and courses, 224-229 role of community colleges, 8 See also Colleges with technician programs Testing beginning analytical chemistry, 205-206 graduate analytical chemistry, 254255 problem-based learning, 77-78 quantitative analysis, 243 service learning courses, 117-118 3



290 technician programs, 229 Textbooks Daniel C. Harris, author, 238 historical titles, 26, 29,31 role in curricular design, 238-239 undergraduate analytical chemistry, 54 Titanium dioxide, 93-95 Titrations, on-line, 209 Total Goals Inventory survey, 55 Traditional institutionally designed student course evaluation surveys (TCEPs), 78 Two-year colleges, See Colleges with technician programs

U Umatilla Indian Reservation, 116-117 Undergraduate analytical chemistry adapting to problem-based learning, 71 collaborative learning, 58 format, 57-59 learning outcomes, 55-56 shortcomings of traditional content, 54-55 textbooks, 54 See also Collaborative learning, Cooperative learning, Problem-based learning, Project-based learning Undergraduate curricula and courses chemometrics, 146-147, 151 general chemistry, 142-144 history, 24-30 importance of research into, 141 See also Collaborative learning, Cooperative learning, Problembased learning, Project-based learning, Undergraduate analytical chemistry Univariate calibration with error analysis, 142-144

Universities of Plymouth and Hull, 88-98 University of California, Riverside, 188 of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 248-249 of Kansas, Lawrence, 188 of Pittsburgh, 171 of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, 240-245

Virtual learning analytical chemistry, 133-134 case studies, 95-96 Virtual mass spectrometry laboratory blood analysis, 174-177 caffeine, 182-183 cocaine in hair, 183-184 educational philosophy, 173-174 evaluation of success, 184-185 G C - M S , 174, 180, 182-183 general description, 171-172 instrument laboratory, 175 polymer analysis, 177-179 protein identification, 174-177 remote control, 186 Volatile organic compounds, 113-115 Voluntary Industry Standards, 220221

Walters, John, 27 Water quality assessment, 112-115, 144-145 Watershed analysis, 104, 106 Web-based tools, See Analytical Sciences Digital Library, Animation programs, Beginning analytical chemistry, Virtual mass spectrometry laboratory


291 in forming student teams, 44 improved retention, with cooperative learning, 58 underrepresentation in S T E M disciplines, 9-10 Wright State University, 199


Web page design, 201-202 Web Ware, 125 Wenzel, Thomas J., 56-66 Women and minorities as authors of service learning articles, 103


Active Learning Models from the Analytical Sciences - ACS Publications

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