AdmicellesâContinued definition, 201 formation on heterogeneous

Downloaded by UNIV LAVAL on February 16, 2013 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date: June 5, 1986 | doi: 10.1021/bk-1986-0311.ix002

Author Index Abe, Masahiko, 6 8 A l e x a n d e r , D. M., 133 Aratono, Makoto, 163 Asano, Η., 256 Barnes, G. T., 133 Chang, David L., 116 C u i , Jun-Gang, 172 Desnoyers, Jacques E., 7 9 Dobias, Bohuslav, 2 1 6 Esumi, K u n i o , 61 F r a n s e s , E l i a s I . , 44 H a r w e l l , J e f f r e y H., 2 0 0 Hayami, Y o s h i t e r u , 3 1 2 Heyun, Zhou, 2 9 7 H o l l a n d , P a u l M., 102 Jao, T z e - C h i , 90 J i d i n g , Xia, 297 Kameyama, K e i i c h i , 2 7 0 Kamrath, Robert F., 44 Kreuz, Kenneth, 90 Kronberg, B., 225 Kwak, Jan C. Τ., 7 9 L i n d s t r o r a , M., 225 M a t s u k i y o , H i d e t s u g u , 163 McGregor, Μ. Α., 133 Meakin, B r i a n J . , 242 Meguro, K e n j i r o , 61 Morton, Frank S., 242

Motomura, K i n s i , 163,312 Muto, Y a s u s h i , 61 Ogino, K e i z o , 68 O k a i , T., 256 Osborne-Lee, I r v i n W., 30 Perron, Gerald, 79 Pouton, C o l i n W., 242 Pryde, Ε. Η., 283 R o b e r t s , Bruce L., 200 Rosano, H e n r i L., 116 Rosen, M i l t o n J . , 144 S a k u r a i , F u j i o , 61 Scamehorn, J o h n F . , 1,200,324 S c h e c h t e r , Robert S., 30 Schwab, A. W., 283 Shiraharaa, K e i s h i r o , 270 S t e n i u s , P., 225 T a k a g i , T o s h i o , 270 Takashima, K o j i , 270 Takisawa, Noboru, 270 Ueno, M., 256 Wakerly, Mark G., 242 Walker, K., 133 Yamashita, Fumitaka, 79 Yan, Sun, 297 Zhao, Guo-Xi, 172,184 Zhu, Bu-Yao, 172,184

Subject Index A

A b s o r p t i o n wavelength, maximum, d e t e r m i n a t i o n f o r mixed s u r f a c t a n t s w i t h azo o i l dyes, 70 Activity coefficients based on the r e g u l a r s o l u t i o n t h e o r y model, 31 d i r e c t r e l a t i o n s h i p with composition between m i c e l l a r and pseudophase, 106 d i r e c t r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h mole f r a c t i o n s , 106 m i c e l l a r phase, mixed m i c e l l e f o r m a t i o n , 34 n o n a e t h o x y l a t e d a l c o h o l s , 302 r e p r e s e n t i n g the m i x t u r e c r i t i c a l m i c e l l e c o n c e n t r a t i o n , 31 Admicelles a d s o r p t i o n , p o s i t i v e d e v i a t i o n s from i d e a l i t y d i s c u s s e d , 206-214

Admicelles—Continued d e f i n i t i o n , 201 f o r m a t i o n on heterogeneous s u r f a c e s , 332 f o r m a t i o n on s o l i d s u r f a c e s , 331-333 importance o f s u r f a c e i n f l u e n c e on components, 332 mixed a d s o r p t i o n on a l u m i n a , 206 m a t e r i a l s used i n f o r m a t i o n thermodynamics s t u d y , 203 n o n i d e a l i t y compared t o mixed m i c e l l e s , 332 p r e d i c t e d a d s o r p t i o n isotherms from i d e a l s o l u t i o n t h e o r y , 206 t h e o r y , 203-205 s u r f a c t a n t s tendency t o form, 17-18 t h e o r y and development h i s t o r y , 203 Adsorption a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t s on metal o x i d e s u r f a c e s , 201

338

In Phenomena in Mixed Surfactant Systems; Scamehorn, J.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1986.

339

INDEX Adsorption—Continued below the CAC, 201 competitive a n i o n i c and n o n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t on p o l y s t y r e n e l a t e x , 225-240 method o f comparison a t d i f f e r e n t surface compositions of s u r f a c t a n t m i x t u r e s , 236 p r e d i c t i o n on l a t e x knowing o n l y CMC s o f i n d i v i d u a l s u r f a c t a n t s , 239 production basis for surfactants on l a t e x s u r f a c e s , 226 d e n s i t i e s , decreased over the


1

CMC, 218 d e t e r m i n a t i o n , s u r f a c t a n t s on l a t e x s u r f a c e s , 227 d r i v i n g f o r c e f o r s u r f a c t a n t s on l a t e x s u r f a c e s , 225-226 f r e e energy, two c o n t r i b u t i o n s o f a s i n g l e s u r f a c t a n t , 236 isotherms mixed a d m i c e l l e p r e d i c t i o n from s o l u t i o n theory d i s c u s s e d , 206 pure s u r f a c t a n t s examined, 204 s i n g l e s u r f a c t a n t i n water, 228-229 s u r f a c t a n t component on a s u r f a c e , 326 s u r f a c t a n t s on s o l i d s , 17-18 two s u r f a c t a n t s , 229 Adsorption isotherms c e t y l p y r i d i n i u r a c h l o r i d e , 220f explained for a binary surfactant system on p o l y s t y r e n e l a t e x , 234-240 sodium-dodecylbenzene s u l f o n a t e , 219f s u r f a c e area occupied by s u r f a c t a n t s , 218 s u r f a c t a n t s , measured on m i n e r a l s , 217 A g g r e g a t e s , formed from s u r f a c t a n t s , 1-2 Alkyl alcohols distribution coefficients, I8lt e f f e c t on f l u o r o c a r b o n and hydrocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s , 172-182 i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t s i n f l u e n c e d , 172 used i n hydrocarbon-fluorocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s e x p e r i m e n t , 173 A l k y l c h a i n l e n g t h , e f f e c t on f a d i n g r a t e o f azo o i l dyes, 74 A l k y l poly(oxyethylene) ether a l k y l c h a i n l e n g t h e f f e c t on a b s o r p t i o n , 70 e f f e c t o f a l k y l c h a i n l e n g t h and o x y e t h y l e n e groups on f a d i n g r a t e , 74 e f f e c t o f number o f atoms on f a d i n g r a t e o f azo o i l dyes, 76f

A l k y l poly(oxyethylene) ether—Continued e f f e c t o f number o f e t h y l e n e o x i d e groups on f a d i n g r a t e o f azo o i l dyes, 76f poly(oxyethylene) chain length e f f e c t on a b s o r p t i o n , 70-72 A l k y l sulfates, greater interaction w i t h POE n o n i o n i c s compared t o a l k y l s u l f o n a t e s , 159 Alumina e f f e c t o f a l k y l c h a i n l e n g t h on adsorption of a l k y l s u l f a t e s , 202f e f f e c t o f sodium d e c y l s u l f a t e c o n c e n t r a t i o n on a d s o r p t i o n , 209f t o t a l a d s o r p t i o n o f mixed a d m i c e l l e s , 206 Amine o x i d e f i l m s , c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , 125 8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid ammonium s a l t (ANS) b e h a v i o r i n mixed aqueous s u r f a c t a n t s , 63-65 f l u o r e s c e n c e i n t e n s i t y as a f u n c t i o n o f NF c o n c e n t r a t i o n , 66f f l u o r e s c e n c e i n t e n s i t y o f hydrocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s , 62-63 measurement i n hydrocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s s t u d y , 62 mixed aqueous s o l u t i o n s o f hydrocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s , 61-65 r e l a t i o n s h i p between f l u o r e s c e n c e c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f LiFOS i n 6ED-LiF0S mixed system, 64f u s e s , 61-62 A n i o n i c - a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems, precipitation, 19-20 A n i o n i c - c a t i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems e f f e c t o f s t r u c t u r a l f a c t o r s on i n t e r a c t i o n parameters, 158 p r e c i p i t a t i o n , 20-21 A n i o n i c - n o n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems e f f e c t o f i o n i c s t r e n g t h on POE i n t e r a c t i o n s , 160 i n t e r a c t i o n parameter d i s c u s s e d , 188 e q u a t i o n , 194 i o n i c s t r e n g t h o f the s o l u t i o n , 161 m i x i n g c o a c e r v a t e phase, 21-22 r e g u l a r s o l u t i o n theory f a i l u r e s , 31 s o l u b i l i z a t i o n , 16 s t r u c t u r a l e f f e c t s on POE i n t e r a c t i o n s , 160 A n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t , used i n competitive adsorption e x p e r i m e n t , 227 Apparent molar volumes sodium decanoate, 82 sodium decanoate s o l u t i o n s , 8 3 f


340

P H E N O M E N A IN M I X E D S U R F A C T A N T S Y S T E M S


Apparent p a r t i a l

molar a r e a ,

d e f i n i t i o n , 319 Average m o l e c u l a r a r e a , s u r f a c e o f alkyl alcohol-surfactant m i x t u r e , 177 Azeotropes, m i c e l l i z a t i o n , calculated f o r MAM, 49 Azo o i l dyes a b s o r p t i o n s p e c t r a i n pure SDS, 7 3 f absorption spectra v a r i a t i o n with mixed molar r a t i o o f s u r f a c t a n t s , 71f e f f e c t o f oxygen on the f a d i n g r a t e , 74 f a d i n g phenomena, 72-74 s u r f a c t a n t i n t e r a c t i o n s , 69 tautomerism e q u i l i b r i u m , 72 time dependence o f a b s o r p t i o n s p e c t r a i n SDS mixed s o l u t i o n s , 73f

Β Barite, f l o t a b i l i t y in solutions of p u r e N a - a l k y l s u l f a t e s , 222 Binary a c t i v i t y c o e f f i c i e n t s , regular s o l u t i o n a p p r o x i m a t i o n , 105 B i n a r y systems n o n i d e a l mixed m i c e l l e d e s c r i p t i o n , 11 regular solution theory, 11-12 See a l s o S u r f a c t a n t s , mixed B i o a v a i l a b i l i t y , enhanced by s u r f a c t a n t - o i l s o l u t i o n s as d r u g - d o s a g e f o r m s , 242 Birefringence described for l i q u i d c r y s t a l l i n e m a t e r i a l s , 250-252 methanol-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate, 287 B i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) sodium sulfosuccinate c r i t i c a l m i c e l l e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s , 285 photomicrograph, 288-290f selection in micellar solubilization s t u d y , 284 B u t l e r ' s equation, nonideal analog f o r m , 106 2-Butoxyethanol a f f i n i t y to form mixed m i c e l l e s , 86 e n t h a l p i e s o f t r a n s f e r , 86-88 thermodynamics o f mixed m i c e l l a r s y s t e m , 79

C Calcium, s o l u b i l i t y , glycoursodeoxycholateglycochenodeoxycholate

systems,

258

Calcium a l k a r y l s u l f a t e s , p o l a r i t y v a r i a t i o n i n m i c e l l e s , 95 Calcium a l k a r y l s u l f o n a t e s characterization of inverted m i c e l l e s by some pyrene fluorescence probes, 90-99 f l u o r e s c e n c e decay, 96f l a t e r a l mobility ( f l u i d i t y ) of m i c e l l e s , 92-95 m a t e r i a l s used i n f l u o r e s c e n c e probe e x p e r i m e n t , 91 micelles l a t e r a l m o b i l i t y , 98 p o l a r i t y v a r i a t i o n , 98 p l o t s o f excimer ( a t 470 nm) t o monomer (370 nm) i n t e n s i t y r a t i o s , 96f Calcium-Bile salt d i m e r , 260f mononer, 260f Calcium carbonate, s o l u b i l i t y g l y c o c h e n o d e o x y c h o l a t e and g l y c o u r s o d e o x y c h o l a t e , 256-268 m a t e r i a l s used i n s t u d y , 257 p r o c e d u r e used i n s t u d y , 257 Calcium s a l t s o l u b i l i t y , 26l-264f glycoursodeoxycholateglycochenodeoxycholatelecithin-cholesterol raonohydrate s y s t e m s , 258 Calcium s o l u b i l i t y , glycoursodeoxycholateglycochenodeoxycholatel e c i t h i n s y s t e m s , 258 C a t i o n i c - a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems, hydrocarbon-fluorocarbon surfactants examined, 191-194 C a t i o n i c - c a t i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems, precipitation, 19-20 Chain length c o m p a t i b i l i t y , hydrophobic i n t e r a c t i o n s explained f o r mixed s u r f a c t a n t s , 129 Chemical e q u i l i b r i u m model, c r e d i b i l i t y of s i m u l a t i o n , 86 Chemical p o t e n t i a l

transfer-functions

component i n b u l k s o l u t i o n , equation, 228 f r e e monomeric s u r f a c t a n t component i n s o l u t i o n , 104 MAM f o r mixed m i c e l l e s , 46 monomer p h a s e , mixed m i c e l l e f o r m a t i o n , 33 s u r f a c t a n t component i n an a b s o r b e d monolayer o f pure s u r f a c t a n t , 104 C h o l e s t e r o l monohydrate d i s s o l u t i o n by g l y c o u r s o d e o x y c h o l a t e enhanced, 265 s o l u b i l i t y o f p r e p a r e d d i s k s , 267t


341


INDEX

Cloud p o i n t c o n s o l u t e s o l u t i o n temperature comparison, 21 e q u i l i b r i u m i n systems, 22 i s o t r o p i c phases, 21 phenomena, 21-22 phenomena u n d e r s t a n d i n g , 334 C o a c e r v a t e phase, s t u d i e d when temperature r i s e s above c l o u d p o i n t , 334 Compression i s o t h e r m s , made f o r octadecyldimethylamine oxide-sodium d o d e c y l s u l f a t e system, 125 Conductance, s p e c i f i c p l o t v s . mole r a t i o s o f methanol to b i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) sodium s u l f o s u c c i n a t e e x p l a i n e d , 287 p l o t v s . volume f r a c t i o n o f methanol i n a 2:1 triolein-surfactant system, 2 9 3 f , 2 9 4 f p l o t v s . volume f r a c t i o n o f methanol i n s u r f a c t a n t systems e x p l a i n e d , 287-292 C o n s o l u t e s o l u t i o n temperature comparison, c l o u d p o i n t , 21 Counterion binding mixed m i c e l l e s , 12,327-328 n o n y l p h e n o l e t h o x y l a t e s , 41t p a r a m e t e r s , monomer c o n c e n t r a t i o n dependence, 54 s u r f a c t a n t s , b i n a r y systems, degree, 45 C r i t i c a l admicelle concentration analogy t o CMC, 205 d e f i n i t i o n , 201 C r i t i c a l m i c e l l e c o n c e n t r a t i o n (CMC) a d s o r p t i o n on m e t a l o x i d e s u r f a c e , 17 a l k y l a l c o h o l e f f e c t on hydrocarbon-fluorocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s , 173-174 b i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) sodium s u l f o s u c c i n a t e , 285 c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l o f monomer i n pure s u r f a c t a n t s o l u t i o n , 105 comparison o f e x p e r i m e n t a l and t h e o r e t i c a l v a l u e s , 35 definition, 3 equation f o r binary surfactant systems, 232 e q u a t i o n f o r mixed m i c e l l e s , 204 f l o t a b i l i t y r e l a t e d , 222 function of surfactant c o m p o s i t i o n , 235f i n f l u e n c i n g monolayer f o r m a t i o n , 14 m i c e l l e i n t e r a c t i o n s , 31 mixed m i c e l l e systems, a c t i v i t y c o e f f i c i e n t s , 31 mixed s u r f a c t a n t v a l u e s a t 30 C, 5 f nonaethoxylated f a t t y a l c o h o l s , s u r f a c e p r e s s u r e a t , 298-302

C r i t i c a l micelle concentration (CMC)—Continued n o n i d e a l mixed m i c e l l e s , 9 nonylphenol deca(oxyethylene g l y c o D - s o d i u m dodecyl s u l f a t e systems, 234 n o n y l p h e n o l e t h o x y l a t e s , 35 p r e d i c t i o n f o r mixed s u r f a c t a n t systems, 3 2 - 3 3 r e l a t i o n to t o t a l surfactant c o m p o s i t i o n , 232 sodium d e c y l s u l f a t e - s o d i u m d o d e c y l s u l f a t e system, 211-213f s u r f a c t a n t s i n methanol, 285t temperature dependence used t o c a l c u l a t e entropy o f m i c e l l e m i x i n g , 327 v a l u e s f o r mixed m i c e l l e system, 207f Crystallization, kinetics for s u r f a c t a n t systems, 333-334

D

Decyldimethylphosphine oxide, n o n i d e a l mixed monolayer model applied to s o l u t i o n s , 107-108 D e c y l m e t h y l s u l f o x i d e , CMC's and surface tensions f o r m i x t u r e s , 11 Of Decylraethylsulfoxidec e t y l t r i m e t h y l a m m o n i u m bromide, mixed CMC's, 59 D e c y l t r i m e t h y l ammonium bromide, n o n i d e a l mixed monolayer model used t o d e s c r i b e , 1 0 8 - 1 0 9 Detergency, mixed n o n a e t h o x y l a t e d a l c o h o l s compared, 3 0 5 D e t e r g e n t - r e m o v a l method, d e s c r i b e d for phospholipid v e s i c l e f o r m a t i o n , 271 D i a l k y l amphiphiles chosen t o form v e s i c l e s by d e t e r g e n t - r e m o v a l method, 271 s t r u c t u r e s , 273 Distribution coefficient, alkyl a l c o h o l between m i c e l l a r and aqueous s o l u t i o n , 181 Docosyldimethylamine o x i d e , surface c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , 117 Docosyldimethylamine oxide-nonadecylbenzene s u l f o n a t e mixed monolayer p r o p e r t i e s , 131 s u r f a c e t e n s i o n l o w e r i n g , 131 Dodecylammonium c h l o r i d e , c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l s e x p r e s s e d , 319 Dodecyldimethylamine o x i d e , CMC's and surface tensions f o r mixtures, 111f


342



Ε

E l e c t r i c a l work, m i c e l l e f o r m a t i o n , 186 E l e c t r o n m i c r o s c o p e , photograph, 275f E m u l s i f i c a t i o n p r o p e r t i e s , mixed nonaethoxylated a l c o h o l s o l u t i o n , 305 Emulsion c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f nonaethoxylated a l c o h o l s o l u t i o n , 307-308f droplets, binary surfactant systems, 247t p r e p a r a t i o n under c o n t r o l l e d c o n d i t i o n s , 243 Enthalpies of d i l u t i o n , 1 - b u t o x y e t h a n o l , 82t Enthalpies of transfer 1-butoxyethanol from water t o sodium decanoate, 86 sodium decanoate from water t o 1-butoxyethanol, 86 Enthalpy m i c e l l i z a t i o n f o r nonylphenol e t h o x y l a t e s , 42t m i x i n g decylbenzene s u l f o n a t e m i c e l l e s with nonylphenol e t h o x y l a t e m i c e l l e s , 42t Entropy, m i c e l l i z a t i o n f o r nonyl phenol e t h o x y l a t e s , 42t E q u i l i b r i u m c o n s t a n t , mixed m i c e l l e f o r m a t i o n , 34 Excess f r e e energy o f m i x i n g , mixed s u r f a c t a n t systems, 31-32

F

F a d i n g r a t e , examined f o r azo o i l dyes i n mixed s u r f a c t a n t systems, 74-77 F i s h e r - T a y l o r - H i r s c h f e l d e r atom model methanol-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium s u l f o s u c c i n a t e complex, 291f raethanol-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium s u l f o s u c c i n a t e dimer, 287 F l o t a b i l i t y , related to surfactant a d s o r p t i o n l a y e r , 218 F l o t a t i o n recovery b a r i t e as dependent on sodium alkysulfate c o n c e n t r a t i o n , 221f,222f,223f f l u o r i t e , as dependent on sodium dodecylbenzene s u l f o n a t e c o n c e n t r a t i o n , 220f q u a r t z , as dependent on cetylpyridinium chloride c o n c e n t r a t i o n , 221f Fluorescence i n t e n s i t y ANS probe i n aqueous s i n g l e s u r f a c t a n t s o l u t i o n , 62

Fluorescence i n t e n s i t y — C o n t i n u e d ANS probe i n f l u o r o c a r b o n s u r f a c t a n t s o l u t i o n , 63 concentration o f s u r f a c t a n t , 64f F l u o r e s c e n c e probe c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n t o o l , 90 i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n used i n c a l c i u m a l k a r y l s u l f o n a t e s t u d y , 91 l i m i t s o f a p p l i c a t i o n , 90 1-pyrene carboxaldehyde, 95 Fluorescence spectra, dioctadecyldimethylammonium c h l o r i d e , 280f Fluorocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s , c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , 184 Foaming, mixed n o n a e t h o x y l a t e d a l c o h o l s o l u t i o n , 305 F r e e energy adsorption b i n a r y s u r f a c t a n t systems, 231 s i n g l e s u r f a c t a n t systems, 2 3 0 - 2 3 1 c a l c u l a t e d f o r mixed m i c e l l e s , 41t g a i n , when hydrocarbon p a r t o f s u r f a c t a n t s t r a n s f e r r e d from aqueous t o hydrocarbon environment, 2 3 1 - 2 3 2 micellization, single s u r f a c t a n t systems, 231 m i x i n g , s u r f a c e phase f o r s u r f a c t a n t m i x t u r e s , 229-230

G

Gibbs a d s o r p t i o n e q u a t i o n , case o f mixed aqueous s o l u t i o n , 174 Gibbs e q u a t i o n n o n i o n i c monolayer and an i o n i z e d s u r f a c t a n t a p p l i c a t i o n , 134 s u r f a c e a d s o r p t i o n o f b i n a r y mixed systems, 188 Glycoursodeoxycholate, g a l l s t o n e treatment method, 2 5 6 Gouy-Chapman t h e o r y , d i s c u s s e d , 129

H

Head group i n t e r a c t i o n s , s u r f a c e p r o p e r t i e s o f mixed s u r f a c t a n t s a l t e r e d , 129 Heat c a p a c i t i e s sodium decanoate, 82 sodium decanoate s o l u t i o n s , 83f Heat c a p a c i t i e s o f t r a n s f e r , 2-butoxyethanol s o l u t i o n s , 83f


343


INDEX

Interaction parameters—Continued Heat o f m i x i n g , thermodynamic model e f f e c t o f s t r u c t u r a l and m o l e c u l a r t e s t e d f o r mixed m i c e l l e s , 4 2 - 4 3 Hemimicelles—See Admicelles e n v i r o n m e n t a l f a c t o r s , 158-162 Henry's law r e g i o n , d e s c r i p t i o n , 201 e v a l u a t i o n b a s i s , e q u a t i o n s , 145 Hexadecyl-trimethylammonium bromide e x p e r i m e n t a l d e t e r m i n a t i o n , 147 (CTAB) e x p e r i m e n t a l e v a l u a t i o n , I48f mixed monolayers d e f i n e d , 146 penetration of cholesterol monolayer f o r m a t i o n , 14 monolayers, 1 3 7 f mutual p h o b i c i t y a f f e c t i n g procedure comparison f o r c a l c u l a t i n g penetration o f cholesterol v a l u e s , 180 monolayers, I 4 0 f n o n a e t h o x y l a t e d a l c o h o l s , 302 H y d r a t i o n model o b t a i n e d f o r mixed m i c e l l e s , 153 used t o p r e d i c t s u r f a c e t e n s i o n f a d i n g r a t e e x p l a n a t i o n o f azo o i l dyes i n mixed s u r f a c t a n t v a l u e s , 146 systems, 77 I n t e r f a c i a l density SDS-poly(oxyethylene) ether equation, 315 system, 7 7 f dodecylammonium c h l o r i d e , 3 1 6 f Hydrocarbon-based/fluorocarbon-based 1-octadecanol, 3 1 7 f surfactants, positive deviations I n t e r f a c i a l phenomena, dependence f o r from i d e a l i t y , 12 nonionic polyoxyethylenated fatty Hydrodynamic p a r t i c l e r a d i u s a l c o h o l s , 297 dioctadecyldimethylammonium, I n t e r f a c i a l pressure d e f i n i t i o n , 315 273f,275f,276f dioctadecyldimethylammonium p l o t t e d v s . mean a r e a per absorbed m o l e c u l e , b a s i s , 315-319 bromide, 276f,277f p l o t t e d v s . mean area per m o l e c u l e N , N - d i ( d o d e c a n o y l o x y e t h y l ) a m i d e , 277f f o r 1-octadecanol-dodecylamraonium Hydrocarbon s u r f a c t a n t , presence o f c h l o r i d e system, 3 l 8 f , 3 2 0 f the ANS probe, 62 I n t e r f a c i a l properties, determination Hydrodynamic r a d i u s f o r b i n a r y m i x t u r e s , 144-145 i n c r e a s e a f t e r d i a l y s i s , 274 I n t e r f a c i a l tension n o n i o n i c d i a l k y l a m p h i p h i l e s , 274 expression for s i n g l e surfactant i n plotted vs. concentration for a l k y l water, 228 a m p h i p h i l e s , 272-274 measurement i n H y d r o p h i l e - l i p o p h i l e balance (HLB), influence of self-emulsification 1-octadecanol-dodecylammonium temperature on s u r f a c t a n t s , 247 c h l o r i d e study, 313-315 Hydrophobic c h a i n s , p a c k i n g a f f e c t i n g minimum t o t a l c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f mixed surface tension of s u r f a c t a n t needed, 152 s u r f a c t a n t s , 177 plotted vs. concentration f o r Hydrophobic s o l u t e s , t r e n d s 1-octadecanol-dodecylamraonium interpreted for micellar c h l o r i d e system, 3 l 4 f , 3 l 6 f s o l u t i o n s , 80 p l o t t e d v s . temperature f o r Hydrophobic s u r f a c e s , s u r f a c t a n t 1-octadecanol-dodecylammonium a d s o r p t i o n , 18 c h l o r i d e system, 3 1 4 f r e d u c t i o n e f f i c i e n c y d e f i n e d , 150 t o t a l d i f f e r e n t i a l expressed f o r octadecanol-dodecylammonium c h l o r i d e system, 313-315 I Inverted m i c e l l e s — S e e M i c e l l e s , inverted I n t e r a c t i o n parameters I o n i c - i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems a l k y l alcohol-surfactant a z e o t r o p e m i c e l l i z a t i o n , 52f sample c a l c u l a t i o n s u s i n g t h e systems, 180 pseudophase s e p a r a t i o n anionic-cationic surfactant model, 53-54 systems, 158 I o n i c - n o n i o n i c mixed m i c e l l e s b i n a r y m i x t u r e s o f s u r f a c t a n t s , 145 c o u n t e r i o n b i n d i n g , 13 b i n a r y s u r f a c e a c t i v e m i x t u r e s , 179 n e g a t i v e d e v i a t i o n from b i n a r y s u r f a c t a n t systems, 1 9 0 t , 1 9 3 t i d e a l i t y , 7-9 effect of i o n i c strength of I o n i c - n o n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems s o l u t i o n , 161t a d s o r p t i o n on m e t a l oxide e f f e c t o f l e n g t h o f the POE s u r f a c e , 17 chain, l 6 l t


344



Ionic-nonionic surfactant sy s t e m s — C o n t i n u e d entropy importance i n m i c e l l e f o r m a t i o n modeling, 41-42 K r a f f t temperature, 20 model, p r e d i c t i o n , 54 p r e c i p i t a t i o n , 20 s a l i n i t y t o l e r a n c e p r e d i c t e d , 20 sample c a l c u l a t i o n s u s i n g the pseudophase s e p a r a t i o n model, 53-54 Ionic surfactants, t o t a l surface a d s o r p t i o n enhanced by a l k y l a l c o h o l , 177

Κ Kinematic v i s c o s i t y methanol b i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) sodium s u l f o s u c c i n a t e , 286-287 p l o t v s . amount o f s o l u b i l i z e d methanol, 287f K r a f f t temperature, d e f i n i t i o n and use, 19

L L a t e x , thermodynamic treatment o f a d s o r p t i o n o f s u r f a c t a n t s , 227-233 Lecithin mixed m i c e l l e shape i n b i l e s a l t s o l u t i o n s , 258 mixed m i c e l l e s c o n s i s t i n g o f b i l e s a l t s , 259f L i q u i d c r y s t a l s , formation glycoursodeoxycholateglycochenodeoxycholate-lecithinc h o l e s t e r o l monohydrate s o l u t i o n s , 265 glycoursodeoxycholateglycochenodeoxycholate-lecithin s o l u t i o n s , 268t M

Mass a c t i o n model (MAM) a z e o t r o p e m i c e l l i z a t i o n , 49 c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l s d e f i n e d , 46 counterion concentration e q u a t i o n , 46-48 d e s c r i b e d f o r mixed m i c e l l i z a t i o n , 45-49 m i c e l l e c o n c e n t r a t i o n determined, parameters f o r sodium decanoate-1-butoxyethanol system, 85t

48

Mean a r e a per m o l e c u l e d e f i n i t i o n , 315 p l o t t e d v s . mole f r a c t i o n o f dodecylammonium c h l o r i d e , 320f Mean emulsion d r o p l e t diameter (MEDD) a n a l y s i s methods of s e l f - e m u l s i f i e d systems, 244 a n a l y s i s of v e g e t a b l e o i l - n o n i o n i c systems, 245-250 temperature e f f e c t on s e l f - e m u l s i f y i n g systems, 250 Metal oxides s t u d i e s of a d m i c e l l e s summarized, 331-333 surfaces, surfactant adsorption, 17 Methanol d i e l e c t r i c c o n s t a n t s , d i p o l e moments and e f f e c t i v e p o l a r i t i e s , 286t m i c e l l a r s o l u b i l i z a t i o n , 283-292 m i c e l l i z a t i o n , 285 Micellar flooding, description, 2 M i c e l l a r pseudoactivity, parametric v a l u e s used, 40t M i c e l l a r surfactant composition, prediction, 4 Micelles c o n c e n t r a t i o n , determined f o r MAM, 48 c o m p o s i t i o n , a f f e c t e d by nonideality, 9 core s i z e , p o s s i b l e method o f d e t e r m i n a t i o n , 331 equilibrium, azeotropic behavior, 9 f l u i d i t y , calcium a l k a r y l s u l f o n a t e s , 92-95 formation gaps i n c u r r e n t knowledge, 325 mass a c t i o n model d i s c u s s e d , 328 ideal CMC, 3-4 d e s c r i p t i o n , 3-7 i n v e r t e d , b e n e f i t s of s t u d y , 329 mixed a p r i o r i p r e d i c t i o n s o f mixed m i c e l l a r b e h a v i o r , 4-7 a c t i v i t y c o e f f i c i e n t for f o r m a t i o n , 34 a d s o r p t i o n b e h a v i o r of two surfactants in equilibrium explained, 163 approaches of thermodynamic s t u d i e s , 79 b i n a r y system modeled, 4 c o u n t e r i o n b i n d i n g , 12 e n t h a l p i e s and e n t r o p i e s of m i x i n g , 326-327 e q u i l i b r i u m constant f o r f o r m a t i o n , 34 e q u i l i b r i u m w i t h monomer, 205 formation due to the d i f f e r e n t a l k y l c h a i n l e n g t h s , 68


345


INDEX

Micelles—Continued e q u a t i o n , 180-181 nonaethoxylated a l c o h o l s , 302-305 p o l y o x y e t h y l e n e c a r b o x y l a t e and a l k y l poly(oxyethylene) e t h e r systems, 72 s y n e r g i s m , 152-153 f r e e energy, c a l c u l a t e d f o r , 41t i n t e r a c t i o n parameter o b t a i n e d , 153 model p r e d i c t i o n s and measured value d i f f e r e n c e s e x p l a i n e d , 40-43 monomer a c t i v i t y measurement a c t i v i t y measurement methods, 40-43 concentration of a binary mixture, 4 phase c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l s , 33 n e g a t i v e d e v i a t i o n from i d e a l i t y , 7-9 n o n i d e a l d e s c r i p t i o n , 11 polyethoxylated surfactants examined, 10 p o s i t i v e d e v i a t i o n s from i d e a l i t y , 12 surfactant i n t e r a c t i o n described by s o l u t i o n t h e o r y , 7 s y n e r g i s m i n f o r m a t i o n , 153t thermodynamic models, e x p e r i m e n t a l c o n d i t i o n s , 34-35 thermodynamics o f f o r m a t i o n , 33-34 p r a c t i c a l p r o c e s s e s , example, 2 s i z e and shape, 327 s o l u b i l i z a t i o n , 15 t r a n s i t i o n t o o t h e r a g g r e g a t e s , 327 Micellization azeotropes c a l c u l a t e d f o r MAM, 49 pseudophase s e p a r a t i o n model, 51 d e s c r i p t i v e e q u a t i o n s , 185-187 f e a s i b i l i t y i n methanol, 286 f l u o r o c a r b o n and hydrocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s , 184-198 mixed, new m a t h e m a t i c a l models, 44-59 s t a n d a r d f r e e energy, r e l a t i o n s h i p t o average hydrocarbon c h a i n l e n g t h , 307f thermodynamic p r o p e r t i e s f o r v a r i o u s s u r f a c t a n t s , 35t Minerals a d s o r p t i o n , e l e c t r o k i n e t i c , and f l o t a t i o n p r o p e r t i e s above t h e CMC, 216-224 f l o t a t i o n b a s i s , 216 h y d r o p h o b i c i t y , 216 m a t e r i a l s and methods used i n f l o t a t i o n p r o p e r t i e s s t u d y , 217 Mixed absorbed f i l m s , i n v e s t i g a t i o n approaches a t o i l - w a t e r i n t e r f a c e , 312

Mixed monolayer model, n o n i d e a l , based on t h e pseudo-phase s e p a r a t i o n approach, 102-113 Model development, mixed m i c e l l e f o r m a t i o n , 328 Molecular assemblies behavior o f d i a l k y l a m p h i p h i l e s , 279-281 growth a p p a r a t u s used i n s t u d y , 272 m a t e r i a l s used i n s t u d y , 271-272 m i l d s u r f a c t a n t s o l u t i o n s , 270-281 procedures used i n s t u d y , 272 p o l a r i t y examined by f l u o r e s c e n c e s p e c t r a , 279 Monolayers equilibrium studies of surfactant p e n e t r a t i o n o u t l i n e d , 134 formation d e f i n i t i o n , 13 mechanism, 13-14 phase t r a n s i t i o n a t low s u r f a c e coverage a t t h e a i r - w a t e r i n t e r f a c e , 330 thermodynamic i n t e r e s t examined, 330 history of surfactant i n t e r a c t i o n s , 133-134 mixed i n t e r a c t i o n parameters d e f i n e d , e q u a t i o n , 146 studied f o r octadecyldimethylamine oxide-sodium o c t a d e c y l s u l f a t e system, 121 p e n e t r a t i o n by s u r f a c t a n t s , 133-141 p r o p e r t i e s , m a t e r i a l s and preparations i n e x p e r i m e n t , 117-118 theory o f s u r f a c t a n t p e n e t r a t i o n , 134-136 Monomer a c t i v i t i e s , concentration d e t e r m i n a t i o n d i s c u s s e d , 325-326 concentrations, surfactants, binary system, t o t a l , 8t Monomer-micelle e q u i l i b r i u m description, 3 measurement o f s u r f a c t a n t s p e c i e s , 331 s u r f a c t a n t systems, 6 f Mutual p h o b i c i t y e x i s t e n c e between hydrocarbon and f l u o r o c a r b o n c h a i n s , 179 i n t e r a c t i o n parameter i n f l u e n c e d , 180

Ν

Nonaethoxylated f a t t y a l c o h o l s effects of different d i s t r i b u t i o n of



346


Nonaethoxylated f a t t y alcohols—Continued l y o p h o b i c c h a i n l e n g t h , 297-311 e f f i c i e n c y of surface tension r e d u c t i o n , 298 s u r f a c e a d s o r p t i o n , 298-302 surface pressure at c r i t i c a l m i c e l l e c o n c e n t r a t i o n , 298-302 N o n i d e a l mixed m i c e l l e s model, monomer c o n c e n t r a t i o n , 105 thermodynamic models, 30-43 N o n i o n i c - n o n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems c l o u d p o i n t , 21 hydrocarbon-fluorocarbon surfactants examined, 191 N o n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t , used i n competitive adsorption e x p e r i m e n t , 226 Nonylphenol ethoxylates CMC v e r s u s t e m p e r a t u r e , 36f CMC's f o r v a r i o u s m i x t u r e s , 3 6 f , 3 8 f m i c e l l e s , enthalpy, mixing d e c y l benzene s u l f o n a t e m i c e l l e s w i t h , 42t phase c o m p o s i t i o n s f o r v a r i o u s mixtures, 37f,39f

0

Octadecyldimethylamine oxide CMC v a l u e s o f c a t i o n i c form, 128 f i l m s s t u d i e s , 125 monolayer p r o p e r t i e s , 116-131 pH e f f e c t on s u r f a c e p r e s s u r e - a r e a isotherms, 119f s u r f a c e p o t e n t i a l , 125-128 s u r f a c e p r e s s u r e - a r e a i s o t h e r m s , 118 O c t a d e c y l d i m e t h y l a m i n e oxide-sodium dodecyl s u l f a t e mean m o l e c u l a r area v s . c o m p o s i t i o n p l o t s , 130f pH e f f e c t on s u r f a c e p r e s s u r e - a r e a i s o t h e r m s , 126f-127f O c t a d e c y l d i m e t h y l a m i n e oxide-sodium octadecyl s u l f a t e compression i s o t h e r m s , 121 compression isotherms examined, 125 f i l m s s t u d i e d , 128-131 mixed monolayer s t u d i e d , 121 pH e f f e c t on s u r f a c e p r e s s u r e - a r e a i s o t h e r m s , 122f-124f 1-0ctadecanol, c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l s e x p r e s s e d , 319 1-Octadecanol-dodecylammoniura c h l o r i d e , mixed absorbed f i l m a t hexane-water i n t e r f a c e , 312-320 Octanols, d i e l e c t r i c constants, dipole moments and e f f e c t i v e p o l a r i t i e s , 286t

Optical density, determination f o r mixed s u r f a c t a n t s w i t h azo o i l dyes, 70

Ρ

Phase b e h a v i o r t a g a t T 0 - M i g l y o l 812 m i x t u r e s , 251 vegetable o i l - n o n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t systems, 250-252 Phase diagram, t e r n a r y , methanol i n t r i o l e i n , 295f P h o b i c i t y , mixed m i c e l l e s , 12 P h o s p h o l i p i d s , v e s i c l e f o r m a t i o n , 276 Polarity gradient, sulfonate m i c e l l e s , 98 Polyethoxylated surfactants, n o n i d e a l i t y e x p l a n a t i o n , 10 Polystyrene latex adsorption isotherms explained f o r a binary surfactant system, 234-240 adsorption o f nonylphenol decaCoxyethylene g l y c o l ) and sodium d o d e c y l s u l f a t e , 237f a d s o r p t i o n o f s u r f a c t a n t s , 239 synthesis f o r competitive adsorption experiment, 226 Precipitation phase b o u n d a r i e s p r e d i c t e d , 333-334 s u r f a c t a n t s , 18-21 P r e c i p i t a t i o n phase boundary, d e f i n i t i o n and use, 19 Pseudophase s e p a r a t i o n model a z e o t r o p e m i c e l l i z a t i o n , 51-53 d e s c r i b e d f o r m i c e l l i z a t i o n , 49-54 development from MAM, 49-50 fundamental b a s i s examined, 328 g e n e r a l i z e d t r e a t m e n t f o r absorbed n o n i d e a l mixed s u r f a c t a n t monolayers, 103-106 h i s t o r y o f development and u s e , 103 mixed m i c e l l e s b e h a v i o r approximated, 3 n o n i d e a l mixed monolayers, 102-113 sample c a l c u l a t i o n s , 53-54 1-Pyrene carboxaldehyde a p p l i c a b i l i t y as a f l u o r e s c e n t probe, 92 f l u o r e s c e n c e probe b e h a v i o r o f c a l c i u m alkarylsulfonates, 95-98 f l u o r e s c e n c e s p e c t r a , 92,93f p l o t s o f the f l u o r e s c e n c e l i f e t i m e f u n c t i o n o f d i s t a n c e from the m i c e l l e s , 97f probe b i n d i n g e x t e n t i n s u l f o n a t e systems, 98 u n c o n v o l u t e d a n i s o t r o p y decays i n s u l f o n a t e m i c e l l e s , 94f


347

INDEX

Pyrene c a r b o x y l i c a c i d p r o b e s , f l u o r e s c e n c e l i f e t i m e s , 95


R e d l i c h - K i s t e r expansion, applied t o pseudo-phase s e p a r a t i o n model, 51 Regular s o l u t i o n theory, treatment o f n o n i d e a l s u r f a c t a n t m i x t u r e s , 103 R e l a t i v e apparent molar e n t h a l p i e s , d e r i v e d f o r 1 - b u t o x y e t h a n o l , 81

Self-emulsification behavior o f unsaturated ester-type s u r f a c t a n t s , 244 d e f i n i t i o n , 243 m a t e r i a l s and methods used i n vegetable o i l - n o n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t system, 243 mechanism, 252-253,253f t e m p e r a t u r e , e f f e c t on emulsification droplet s i z e , 246f,248f,249f vegetable o i l - n o n i o n i c surfactant m i x t u r e s , 242-254 S i l i c a g e l , s u r f a c t a n t a d s o r p t i o n , 18 Sodium a l k y l s u l f a t e s f l o t a b i l i t y o f b a r i t e examined, 222 monolayer p r o p e r t i e s , 116-131 Sodium decanoate a f f i n i t y t o form mixed m i c e l l e s , 86 enthalpies o f t r a n s f e r , 87f heat c a p a c i t i e s o f t r a n s f e r , 8 4 f parameters f o r s i m u l a t i o n s o f t r a n s f e r f u n c t i o n s from water t o 1 - b u t o x y e t h a n o l , 85t thermodynamics o f mixed m i c e l l a r system, 79 volumes o f t r a n s f e r , 8 4 f Sodium d o d e c y l s u l f a t e (SDS) change o f maximal a b s o r p t i o n w i t h molar r a t i o , 7 1 f CMC's and s u r f a c e t e n s i o n s f o r m i x t u r e s , 108f,110f desorption a f t e r addition o f nonylphenol deca(oxyethylene g l y c o l ) e x p l a i n e d , 239 m i c e l l i z a t i o n models f o r mixed s u r f a c t a n t systems, 7 3 f n o n i d e a l mixed monolayer model a p p l i e d t o s o l u t i o n s , 107-108 preparation o f surfactant solutions i n c l u d i n g o i l dye

Sodium d o d e c y l s u l f a t e (SDS)—Continued s o l u t i o n p r o p e r t i e s o f mixed systems w i t h a d d i t i o n o f azo o i l dyes, 68-77 Sodium d o d e c y l s u l f a t e - m o n o o c t y l t e t r a e t h y l e n e g l y c o l , mixed CMC's, 5 9 f Sodium g l y c o c h e n o d e o x y c h o l a t e , c o n f o r m a t i o n , 259f Sodium g l y c o u r s o d e o x y c h o l a t e , c o n f o r m a t i o n , 259f Sodium o c t a d e c y l s u l f a t e f i l m s s t u d i e d , 128 pH e f f e c t on s u r f a c e p r e s s u r e - a r e a i s o t h e r m s , 120f surface p o t e n t i a l - a r e a isotherms e x p l a i n e d , 118 surface pressure-area i s o t h e r m s , 118-121 Solubilization a b i l i t y o f mixed m i c e l l e s , 330 d e v i a t i o n s from i d e a l i t y f o r s u r f a c t a n t systems, 16 mixed s u r f a c t a n t s , 15-16 n e g a t i v e d e v i a t i o n s from i d e a l i t y , 15-16 n o n a e t h o x y l a t e d a l c o h o l s , 305 r e l a t i o n s h i p t o average hydrocarbon c h a i n l e n g t h , 309f s u r f a c t a n t systems, i m p o r t a n c e , 15 S p e c i f i c conductance, v s . methanol i n sodium b i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) s u l f o s u c c i n a t e , 239f Surface adsorption a l k y l a l c o h o l s o l u t i o n s , 177t a l k y l alcohol-surfactant m i x t u r e , 174-179 excess, nonaethoxylated f a t t y a l c o h o l s , 299t f l u o r o c a r b o n and hydrocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s , 184-198 i n t e r a c t i o n parameter v a l u e f o r b i n a r y systems, 187 nonaethoxylated f a t t y a l c o h o l s , 298-302 Surface adsorption l a y e r , molecular i n t e r a c t i o n , 179-180 Surface composition b i n a r y m i x t u r e s o f s u r f a c t a n t s , 230 expression f o r s i n g l e surfactant i n w a t e r , 229 Surface p o t e n t i a l - a r e a isotherms e x p l a i n e d , sodium o c t a d e c y l s u l f a t e , 118-121 Surface pressure-area isotherms o c t a d e c y l d i m e t h y l a m i n e o x i d e , 118 sodium o c t a d e c y l s u l f a t e , 118-121 Surface tension a l k y l alcohol e f f e c t on h y d r o c a r b o n - f l u o r o c a r b o n s u r f a c t a n t s , 173-174

American Chemical Society Library

I75f,l76f

1155Surfactant 16th St., N.W.Scamehorn, J.; In Phenomena in Mixed Systems; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1986. Washington, D.C. 20036

348


Surface


tension—Continued

hydrocarbon-fluorocarbon surfactants, I89f,192f,195f,196f maximum p o i n t i n r e d u c t i o n e f f e c t i v e n e s s , 156 measurements i n n o n i d e a l mixed monolayer model s t u d y , 107 method, b a s i s f o r monomer a c t i v i t y measurement, 326 minimum mixed s u r f a c t a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n r e q u i r e d , 150 r e d u c t i o n e f f i c i e n c y d e f i n e d , 147 v a l u e s o b t a i n e d w i t h n o n i d e a l mixed monolayer model, 107 vs. l o g C f o r nonaethoxylated a l c o h o l s o l u t i o n , 300-31 Of r e d u c t i o n , nonaethoxylated fatty alcohols, efficiency o f , 298 Surfactants a g g r e g a t e d , s t r u c t u r e f o r m a t i o n , 1-2 a n i o n i c - n o n i o n i c systems, n o n i d e a l i t y e x p l a n a t i o n , 10 approaches t o s t u d y i n g p r e c i p i t a t i o n , 19 b i n a r y systems degree o f c o u n t e r i o n b i n d i n g , 45 i n t e r a c t i o n parameter i n t h e case o f s u r f a c e a d s o r p t i o n , 187 m i c e l l e compositions, 55f,56f mixed CMC's, 55f m o l e c u l a r i n t e r a c t i o n and s y n e r g i s m , 144-162 n o n i d e a l mixed monolayer model used t o d e s c r i b e , 108-109 p o s i t i v e d e v i a t i o n from i d e a l i t y , 329-330 s o l u t i o n t h e o r y , 186-187 t o t a l monomer c o n c e n t r a t i o n s , 8 t composition c a l c u l a t e d as a f u n c t i o n o f the s u r f a c t a n t composition i n the b u l k s o l u t i o n , 235f dependence i n t h e b u l k s o l u t i o n on the t o t a l s u r f a c t a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n , 238f equation f o r binary mixtures i n e q u i l i b r i u m , 230 equation f o r surface o f binary m i x t u r e s , 230 m i c e l l e s , assuming i d e a l m i x i n g , 234 p o l y s t r e n e l a t e x s u r f a c e , 238f p r e d i c t i o n on a h y d r o p h o b i c s u r f a c e f o r a mixed s u r f a c t a n t system, 239-240 r e l a t i o n s h i p between m i c e l l e s and i n s o l u t i o n , 233 c o n c e n t r a t i o n , e f f e c t on t o t a l a d s o r p t i o n f o r mixed m i c e l l e system, 208f

Surfactants—Continued d e t e r m i n i n g d i s t r i b u t i o n between s o l u t i o n and s u r f a c e phases, 232 importance o f a d s o r p t i o n on m e t a l o x i d e s u r f a c e s , 200 importance o f p r e c i p i t a t e s i z e , 334 i n t e r a c t i o n s d e s c r i b e d by s o l u t i o n theory, 7 ionic CMC l o w e r e d , 172 d e s c r i p t i v e e q u a t i o n s , 186 mixed a d s o r p t i o n o f component m i n i m i z e d , 18 a d s o r p t i o n on s o l i d s , 17-18 advantages, 30-31 ANS probe used, 61-65 f u t u r e i n t e r e s t p r e d i c t e d , 324 f u t u r e p e r s p e c t i v e s , 324-335 i m p o r t a n c e , 68 i n t e r a c t i o n parameters, 5 7 f chemical p o t e n t i a l s , i m p o r t a n c e , 102 CMC's, 5 7 f degree o f i n t e r a c t i o n s , 8 d e v i a t i o n s from i d e a l i t y , 8 mechanisms o f n o n i d e a l i t y , 9-11 monomer i n t e r a c t i o n s , 3 n o n i d e a l b e h a v i o r i m p o r t a n c e , 102 overview o f phenomena, 1-23 monolayer p e n e t r a t i o n , 133-141 monomer c o n c e n t r a t i o n s , m i c e l l a r n o n i d e a l i t i e s of mixing, 8 n o n e u t e c t i c systems, 19 phospholipid v e s i c l e p r e p a r a t i o n , 270-271 p r e c i p i t a t i o n , 18-21,333 s o l u t i o n c o n c e n t r a t i o n a t the CMC, 186 s u r f a c e mole f r a c t i o n s i n surfactant-alkyl alcohol systems, 1 7 9 t thermodynamic p r o p e r t i e s o f m i c e l l i z a t i o n , 35t used i n f l u o r o c a r b o n s u r f a c e s t u d i e s e x p e r i m e n t , 185 See Hydrocarbon s u r f a c t a n t s Synergism conditions i n i n t e r f a c i a l tension r e d u c t i o n e f f i c i e n c y , 150 c o n d i t i o n s r e q u i r e d , 147 d e f i n i t i o n , 144,147 maximum p o i n t i n s u r f a c e t e n s i o n r e d u c t i o n e f f e c t i v e n e s s , 156 mixed m i c e l l e f o r m a t i o n , 152-153 mixed m i c e l l e f o r m a t i o n f o r some b i n a r y m i x t u r e s , 154f surface tension reduction e f f e c t i v e n e s s , 155f,157t e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f mixed m i c e l l e s , 153-158


349

INDEX

Synergism—Continued e f f i c i e n c y , 150t e f f i c i e n c y for binary mixtures, 151Γ e f f i c i e n c y for pure surfactants, I49f two-phase l i q u i d system, 156


Τ Tetradecyldimethylammonium l i n o l e a t e , selection i n micellar s o l u b i l i z a t i o n study, 284 Tetraoxy-ethylene g l y c o l monodecyl ether CMC's and surface tensions for mixtures, 111f,112f nonideal mixed monolayer model used to describe, 108-109 Thermodynamic functions of transfer, defined, 79-80 Thermodynamics, mixed micelle formation, 33-34 Transfer functions defined, 81 parameters estimated, 85 parameters for simulations of sodium decanoate from water to 1-butoxyethanol, 85t simulated with chemical equilibrium model, 8-85 trends interpreted, 80 Triethylammonium l i n o l e a t e , selection in micellar s o l u b i l i z a t i o n study, 284 Triglycerides, micellar s o l u b i l i z a t i o n , 283-292

T r i o l e i n , selection i n micellar s o l u b i l i z a t i o n study, 284

V Vegetable oil-nonionic surfactant systems equilibrium phase behavior studied, 244 phase behavior, 250-252 qualitative screening of for self-emulsifying behavior, 245t self-emulsification, 242-254 Vesicles preparation by surfactants, 276 size, examined for dialkylamphiphiles, 279

W Water d i e l e c t r i c constants, dipole moments and effective p o l a r i t i e s , 286t tolerances, bar graph for triolein-surfactant-methanol systems, 295f Wetting, mixed nonaethoxylated alcohol solution, 305

Y Yellow OB dye, s o l u b i l i z a t e use, 15

Production and indexing by Keith B. Belton Jacket design by Pamela Lewis Elements typeset by Hot Type Ltd., Washington, DC Printed and bound by Maple Press Co., York, PA


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