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-
-
0
0
2C
40
60
Figure 3-Molal
16C IS0 202 223 2C 200 28C 3CC 32C T E V F ‘C Heat of Vaporization of Hydrozarbons as 3 F u n c t i o n of Temperature
83
100
43
IZC
per gram mol, while Young reports 6048. While further experimental work may limit, the applicability of this chart, at the present tirne it appears to have considerable possibilities as a means Of predictil% the latent heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons under conditions for which there are no exist,inrrdata. Y
(1) Rahlke a n d
Literature Cited Kay, IND. ENG.CHEM.,21, 942 (1929).
( 2 ) Coats and Brown, Proceedings of Fatural Gasoline Assocn. 7 t h Con-
Yol. 22, To. 7
3iC:
362
380 400
vention, 1928; University of hlichigan, Engineering Research Publications, Circ. Series 2 (1028). (3) Dana, Jenkins, Burdick, and Timm, Refrigeralin.9 En&, 12, 357 (1910). (4, Hildebrand, J . .4m. Chem. Sor., 37, 970 (1915). ( 3 ) Leslie, Geniesse, Legatski, and Jagrowski, I N D . E N G . CHEX., 18, 45 11926). . . ( 6 ) Porter, J . A m . Chem. SOC.,48, 205.5 (1926). ( 7 ) Schultz, IND. E K G . CHEX., 21, 557 (1929). ( 8 ) n‘ilson and Bahlke, Ibid., 16, 116 (1924). (9) Young, Proc. ROY.Dublin SOL., 12, 371 (1910).
An Oxy-Aluminum Blowtorch’ R. A. Baker and F. M. Strong LABORATORY OF ISORGANIC CHEMISTRY, SYRACUSE USIVERSITY, SYRACCSE, 1; Y
,RELIMIr\’ARY work done on the problem of constructing a burner capable of utilizing finely powdered aluminum (6 per cent retained on a 200-mesh sieve) as a fuel indicated that two main difficulties would be encountered. First a uniform, steadily flowing suspension of aluminum dust in oxygen would have t o be created, and second an apparatus for dividing the main fuel stream between several smaller ones, which could be first bent outward and then back in toward a common focus, would have t o be devised. The latter condition was imposed by the fact that the aluminum cloud would not burn a t a single tip, the flame either being blown out or else flashing back to the point a t which the aluminum and oxygen were mixed, as the oxygen pressure was raised or lowered. Description of Apparatus
The first part of the apparatus consisted of a fairly large reservoir filled with the aluminum, from the bottom of which the dust was discharged through a small brass pipe by means 1
Received January 2, 1930.
of a screw conveyor. At the end of this tube the dust was met by a swift cross stream of oxygen, so arranged that in blowing past the end of the aluminum tube it exerted a slight suction on this tube. This arrangement was necessary to keep the oxygen from blowing back through the reservoir. I n the reservoir itself was placed a stirrer, without which the dust tended to pack badly, and a valve to regulate the speed of the aluminum flow. The pipe carrying the fuel was now subdivided into eight smaller tubes, which after being bent outward slightly were curved back inward and, for the sake of accurate focusing, were led into a burner head, which was a circular block of iron. (Figure 1) Into each hole was screwed one of the tips shown in Figure 2. There were two distinct advantages of this type of burner. First, flashing back could be avoided by the use of a relatively high oxygen pressure, without danger of blowing out the flame, since at the point of focus the opposing streams practically neutralized each other’s velocities. Second, the flame burned a t a point nearly 1 / ~ inch (1. 3 cm.) removed from the several tips, which were thereby
INDUSTRIAL AND E.VG1NEERING CHEMISTRY
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in diameter aiid t,heorder of a size to fit snugly over the hunier head. When the flame was hurned inside this cone, most of the smoke settled out on its walls as a thin, white layer. The ash was their removed hy holding the cone over a sheet of clean paper and gently tapping it. The results wore: Prasr COLL~CTIOX OP ASH Per
