BOOKS
BEYOND T H E FLYLEAF Colloid Science, Vol. II, Reversible Sys tems. H. R. Kruyt, editor, xix -|- 753 pages. Elsevier Publishing Co., Inc., 215 Fourth Ave., New York 3, Ν. Υ., 1943. $11.50. Reviewed b y R. Charles Bacon, Bakélite Division, Union Carbide and Carbon Corp. T H I S book offers a well organized description of colloid science of reversible systems as applied to chemistry, biology, and medicine. Its intricate organization makes it valuable to the advanced student « η colloid science to show t h e harmom which exists between classical colloid sci ence as exemplified by Freundlich's "Col loid and Capillary Chemistry" a n d the domain of macromolecular compounds. The broad scope of the subject matter leaves room for comparatively few deriva tions of equations. However, ample bibli ography gives the student an opportunity to explore in detail any particular branch of the subject. The principal limitation lies in the fact that the scope of the book is so broad that many subjects must neces sarily receive brief treatment. The breadth of scope, however, makes it possible for the authors to point out t h e harmony which exists among the diversified fields which make up colloid science. The style is formal and rea.ding is fre quently rendered difficult by cross refer ences. The subject matter, except for this limitation, is, in the majority of cases, clearly presented and well indexed. Dis cussions of experimental systems are nu merous. The book should be invaluable as a ref erence to the advanced worker in colloid chemistry but is not recommended for the beginning student.
more important resins, such as the copals, rosin, the dammars, and shellac. Five chapters are devoted to: Little Used Resins, Elemi, Natural Lacquers, Frank incense and Myrrh, and Medicinal Resins. The book will be very useful to anyone studying gums or resins, since it will help to determine t h e source of the material under investigation.
There are 2,603 designated grants in more than a score of other fields. Distribution of "Study Abroad" has been made t o a number o>f leading univer sities and colleges in the U. S. Additional copies are on sale from the Columbia Uni versity Press, 2960 Broadway, New York, Ν. Υ., at $1.25 each.
P a i n t Symposium Full text of papers presented at the First Symposium o n Vaxnish and Paint Chemistry at New York University Col lege of Engineering in November 1948 under the direction of Max Kronstein are now available at $2.00 per copy from Luminescent Materials. G. F. J. G A R L I C K . viii -f- 254 pages. Oxford University V. W. Palen, Bureau of Public Informa Press, 114 Fifth Ave, New York, Ν. Υ., tion, NYU College of Engineering, New 1949. $5.50. Reviewed by Wallace R . York 5 3 , Ν. Υ. Brode, National Bureau of Standards, Papers include: Washington, D . C. The Photography of Surface Details of Glossy Surfaces. H. R. LUCK AND 1 HIS book is primarily concerned with R. C. ARCHIBALD. the luminescence of solid materials, and Application of Infrared Spectroscopy to solution effects are only briefly considered. the Study of Drying Oils and Certain The general concepts and terminology are Plastics. MAX KRONSTEIN. developed. The mechanism of lumines Coatings for Underwater Steel Struc tures. A. W. VAN HEUCKEROTH, R. cence is developed for several of the well W . HILL, AND O . F. COOK. known classes of crystalline phosphors in Organic Finishes for U. S. Signal Corps cluding t h e effects of storage and r e Equipment. A. J. RA^FFALOVICH. emission i n phosphors. Pure and impurityA Study of Some Factors Affecting Ad activated phosphors are classified into subhesion of Paint Films. C . J. MARSEL. classifications according to critical or char Studies on the Systematical Fractiona tion of Bodied Linseed Oil. J. PETIT. acteristic constituent elements. Detailed Some Additional Facts with Respect to methods of preparation of phosphors are the Formation of Bodied Linseed not given but are adequately indicated b y Oil. MAX KRONSTEINT. references and would not be expected in Electrical Insulating Varnishes. FR. M. a theoretical discussion of this type. DAMITZ. The latter half of the book is devoted to separate discussions of electrical and Testing Service infrared effects on phosphors, cathodo"Laboratory Testing Inspection and As luminescence, and special cases of organic sociated Services" is the name of a weD molecules in which solution as well as illustrated, 32-page booklet published by solid effects are considered. The book is Electrical Testing Laboratories, Inc., 2 the fifth volume in a series of Monographs East End Ave. at 79th St., N e w York 21, on the Physics and Chemistry of Materials. N. Y. According t o the booklet, E T L provides "group research for majority groups of manufacturers in a given field U N E S C O Issues "Study A b r o a d " Vegetable Gums and Resins. F . N . that are associated for the purpose of HOWES, xxii -f- 188 pages. (Vol. XX A total of 21,751 opportunities for for establishing and promoting high quality of a new series of plant science books eign study, observation, and research are edited by Franz Verdoorn. ) Chronica standards." Some o f the fields covered Botanica Co., Waltham, Mass. $5.00. reported in a new edition of UNESCO's by the service are spectrophotometric, Reviewed by Ernest Anderson, Depart international handbook, "Study Abroad." radiometric, chemical, and paper testing, ment of Chemistry, University of Ari The list of fellowships, scholarships, and and protective equipment. zona. grants-in-aid, classified according to the T H E author is Curator of t h e Museum of country of origin, credits the United Economic Botany at the Royal Botanic States with 5,096 awards made through W a t e r Pollution Research Gardens at Kew. The book is divided private a n d governmental sources. The work of the "Water Pollution Re equally into Part I, Gums, with six chap As the only single source of detailed in search Laboratory is described in "Water ters, and Part II, Resins, with 11 chapters. formation gathered on a world-wide scale, Pollution Research l ^ S " published for It is written from the plant science point the handbook serves as a directory for the Department of Scientific and Indus of view and gives a good economic pic those seeking study opportunities. "Study trial Research by Iï. M. Stationery Office ture of the two groups of compounds. It Abroad" also is of value to governments, (35 cents U. S. Α.). Some of the investi describes the nature, collection, marketing, institutions, and foundations, as an indi gations undertaken on purification and and uses of gums and resins and discusses cation of fields now adequately developed disposal of waste liquors have been of their origin in plants. The main gum and and gaps which remain to be filled. direct profit to industry in suggesting resin-producing families of plants are listed Nearly half of the awards cataloged improvements in man n fact uring proc together with maps showing their geo by UNESCO are in unspecified fields, thus esses or methods of reducing losses of graphical distribution. allowing most candidates a wide choice of valuable materials. One of the investiga Most of Part I is devoted t o the Acacia study. "Engineering and technology/' tions referred to is the examination of gums, and to gum tragacanth and similar with 4,421 opportunities listed, leads t h e causes of silting in t h e Triâmes Estuary. gums. However, it describes briefly the special categories. Other specified fields For many years the Ministry of Agriwell known Asiatic gums, the gums of the include: education, 1,492; medical sci culture and Fisheries has operated "cleansNew AVorld. and some 70 little known ences, 1,148; social sciences, 796; other ing stations'* in which mussels taken from gums. Much of Part II is devoted to the sciences, 275; and press and radio, 5 1 . polluted coastal waters are cleansed of 610
C H EM IC A L A N D
ENGINEERING
NEWS
bacteria before being sold t o the public. At some ports on estuaries at which mus sels are landed, however, the water avail able is not salt enough at all states of t h e tide to b e used m the cleansing process. Small-scale and semiscale experiments in previous years have shown that sea water (which a t o n e of these ports would b e pumped from the estuary at high water of a spring tide) c o u l d be treated a n d reused for cleansing successive batches of mussels. The process of treatment i n cludes addition of sodium hypochlorite, and aeration t o remove excess chlorine a n d to reoxygenate the water. This process has now been thorougbly tested and t h e operation and results are described.
«i^^^^?
WTO 300% MORE SOLIDS /till «
y—·
ADDING
0"U.S% MARASPiRSE
Chlorine Dioxide Hazards T h e National Board of Fire Under writers has issued a 23-page illustrated booklet o n precautionary fire and explo sion safeguards in the use of chlorine di oxide for industrial bleaching. The pamphlet includes section on the n e w bleaching process for flour mills and fat rendering plants, description of chlorine dioxide generators, properties of chlorine dioxide and sodium chlorite, fire and ex plosion experiences, a n d recommended precautionary measures. Copies may b e obtained from the board at 8 5 John St. in New York; 2 2 2 West Adams St., Chicago; or 1014 Merchants Exchange Bldg., San Francisco.
MEW B O O K S Acid Making in t h e Sulphite Pulp Indus try. A . H. LUNDBERG. 53 pages. G. D .
Jenssen Co., Electric Building, Watertown, Ν . Υ. $6.00. Coal, Coke, and Coal Chemicals. P. J. W I L S O N , J R . , A N D J.
H. W E L L S ,
ix
MARASPEHSB (mi^ccM
-f-
5 0 9 pages. McGraw-Hill Book Co., 3 3 0 West 42nd St., N e w York 18, Ν. Υ. $8.00. Fundamentals of Detergency. W. W . NrvEN, JR. ν -f- 2 5 6 pages. Reinhold Publishing Corp., 3 3 0 West 42nd St., N e w York Ν. Υ. $5.00. Heavy Metal Prosthetic Croups and E n zyme
Action.
OTTO
WARBURG.
242
pages. Oxford Book Co., 354 Fourth Ave., N e w York 10, Ν. Υ. $3.75. Index o f Oil-Shale Patents. SIMON KJLOSKY. 6 5 0 pages. Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 2 5 , D . C. $1.50. Industrial Uses of Radioactive Materials. 1 8 pages. Arthur D« Little, Inc., 3 0 Memorial Dr., Cambridge 4 2 , Mass. Gratis. Inspection of Commercial Fertilizers. A g ricultural Experiment Station Circ. 3 5 2 . 4 8 pages. Purdue University, Lafayette, Ino. Paper, apply. Louis Pasteur, Free Lance o f Science. R. J. DUBOS. 4 3 0 pages. Little, Brown & Co., 3 4 Beacon St., Boston 6, Mass. $5.00. Patent Practice and Management for In ventors and Executives.
Wm Wmmm
ftiSMUT
t complete and; specific ^technical data. c/.'-Our research staff will welcome the op/ / portunity to . co-operate", w i t h you.
2 8, N O .
fMl
ROBERT C A L
VERT, xii -I- 371 pages. Scarsdale Press, Box 5 3 6 , Scarsdale, New York. $5.00. Workbook in Chemistry; t o Accompany McPberson, Henderson, and Fowler's Chemistry at Work. rev. éd. G. W . FOWLER. 3 0 0 pages. Ginn & Co., Statler Bldg., Boston 17, Mass. $1.28.
VOLUME
^ Τ ' Ι Λ ^ ^
8 » » FEBRUARY
MA/MTjnm
cû/îPû/iÀr/0Af
CHEMICALS
ROTHSCHILD 2 0, 1 9 5 0
DIVISION
·
WISCONSIN 611
