VOL.3, No.7 and the general theory of spectra and of atomic structure. A general chapter on "Statirtics" provider an interpretation of energy ar applied to the modem cooceptsof heat and it9phenomena. dircuued in the chapter on "Thermodynamics." "By resolving the object of phyrieal proceses. so-called matter, into an assembly of individual particlea, i t becomes possible for theoretical phyrieo t o investigate all physical phenomena and states by means of methods which are Lnown quite npnrr from thc pruvinre ol i8hyrics as rfa. t ~ \ w dmclhods" "The T h r t v y uf Krlativily" dcnlo r i c h the sncrial fbcorv of rclntwilv and thr theory of gravitation. together with their iimificationr. In the appndiii sre found a summary of the whole baok by sertionn, and a "brief summary of the more important work carried out between the publication of the German edition and of the present English edition of Val. 11." ~
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C. G. EICIL~N Industrial Stoichiometry. WlraRBN K. LHwrS, Head, Department of Chemical Enpineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and ARTRUBH. RADASCH, Profeuor of Ceramic Engineering, New York State School of Ceramics st Alfred University First edition, 1026. McGraw-Hill Book Company. I n e , New York. xi 174 pp. 13 figures. 15 X 23 em. $2.50.
I n its physkal m a k e - u ~ b i n d i o g ,paper. and t y p c i t might well s w e as a model. H. 2. OUN Problems in Orgaoic Chemistry. H. W. UNDERwooo, Ja., Ph.D.. Instructor in Organic Chemistry, Massaeh"setts Institute of Technology. Cambridge, Marsachusetts. First edition, one volume. McGraw-Hill Book Company. New Yo&, 1926. xii 233 pp. 6 tables of properties, 07 charts of reactions. 14 X 20 cm. $2.00.
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The purpose of the book is to present a series of study questions and problem^ which will require students to master the principles of organic chemistry and apply them to concrete cases. Although the book has been written primarily for undergraduates, it includes large amounts of material of valve to graduatbstudents. The author has fulfilled his purpose admirably. Organic ehemirta of all degrees of advancement and proficiency can use the book with pleasure and profit. From the standpoint of chemical education, the book in thorovghly r o m d as far as its primary purpose in concerned. However, each chapter contains introduetoly material whieh is, perhaps. open to criticism in many eases. This is partly
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Thin volume of the McGraw-Hill Chemical Engineering brie. covers the methods of maring the chemical esleulationo involved in manufacturing praeesre~as well ar tho% required in design of plant and equipment. Among the subjeetn taken up are: Fuels and Combustion; Gas producers; Sulfur Compounds: Lime and Cement; Furnace and Kiln Desipn; Metallurgy; Plant Design; and Crystallirstion. As a text-book i t is designed to provide means for enabling the student already versed in the arithmetic of quantitative analysis to become familiar with the technic of the more involved and difficult calculations of industrial ehemirtry. particularly. the computations of cootiouou. processes. But it is meant to serve no less the man in industrial work. The authors' names alone should vouch amply for the quality of this work and the reviewer wisher only to add that it will 611 a need long felt by teachers of chemical engineering for a tertbook on the quantitative aspects of the subject. I t shonld pmve particdarly valuable in supplc menting Walker, Lewis, and McAdama' "Principle. of Chemical Enpineering," with which it harmonizes in scope and methods of treatment, and it will doubtless he widely adopted by urers of that text. I t s appearance is an c n m r a d n g sign 01 the coming of other books. wherein the subject of industrial chemistry is to be given the treatment its importaoee warrants but which, hitherto, it has received only in small meamre.
may be found in some of the applications of the Geneva nomenclature, in the misune of terms ?uch as "saponi6cation" and "molecular volume," and in the conri3tent mimaming of hoessor C-VS. one of the distingui.hed chemists ever affiliated with the Mauachusetts Institute of Technology. I n conclusion it should be emphasized that the book fills a definite need in a phase of organic chemistry not usually covered in so thorough or extensive a manner. SXA, C. W m r x o ~ B Chemical Calculations. Bsarr*ao JAPPE. Instructor in Chemistry, Jamaica High School. New York City. New-World Science Series. edited by John W. Ritehie. World Book Co.. Yonkers-on-Hudson. New York. Cloth, xvi I59 pp. 13 X 10 cm. $1.28.
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As indicated in the preface, this book is intended to correct the deficiency found in hiphschool and college students in the matter of simple chemical calculations. "Both teacher and pupil are handicapped by a dearth of properly graded problems to go hand in hand with the r ~ g u l a r daily assignment.. . .The aim of thir baok i s to 611 the gap whieh teachers of chemistry in secondary schools have felt exists in most of the text-books used.. .Problems in thir book are pr~gressivclyarranged according to a number of types which the student soon learns to recognize. They are a130 graded according to the dewee of dimculty and order of leeson assignment.. .,
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This book is designed primarily to accompany an7 of the more recent text-books onsenera1 =hem-
istry. Part I1 has been added for-by 6r.tyear college students, and in t h o r high schools where courses in qualitative and quantitative analysis are offered:' The material in this book is divided under three main heads, as follows. Part I. Type Probl",,s. I n this part ten types are pre-ented. ~ u c h for , example, as "Valence and the Writing of Formulae: ''Gases and Their Measurement," "Equivalent Weights:' ete. In each e a r , the law or type is first defined and an example or two is solved. Follo+ng this is a 8et of problems of the same type. Near the end of this section is a r t of miscellaneous ererdaes, and, finally, a list of problemn taken from the New York State Regents Examination Papers, 1915-1926. Part 11. Problems f a FirsCYcar Collcnr 31%. dents. These problems cover such topics as "Moleedar Weights," "Paraday's Laws" "Atomic Weight.," "Volumetric Analysi.:' '.Gravimetric Analysis," and are of a little more difficult type than tho= of Part I. Part 111. Prablcmr Based on Lerron Assignman,s. I" this section the page. are divided. At the top of each page are given type equations covering the usual topier in the usual order, and a t the bottom are presented problems involving these equations. At the end, the book containr Appendices, such. lor example, as ".\rornie Wriahlr," "Convcc4un Tahles " ' Dcnritv 01 Aeirln.""Soeci5e Hcau."crc . . The problemsare in general well-stated and well-, graded to c m s p o n d t o the studento' ability. The only weakness, as the reviewer sees it, is in the definitions. The author shares with the rent of us the uncertainty about the true nature of valence. I t is defined. variously, as "the eapacity to unite," the "power to repbee," or as a number, c. g., "three." Gay-Lusrae'r Law of Volumes is defined thus: "The rrlolivc eombiniog volumes of eases. . . or the volumes of their oroducts. if gaseous, can be expressed in a ratio of m a l l whole number^." Why not leave out the words "a ratio of," The word "relative" shove implies the same thing. The G, M, ". is given e ,,22,2," molar solution is one containing the pram-molecdar of the in loOo raluenl,"
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while in normal solution we have "1000 rc. of mluliov:' This makee the molar solution useles in work, and it to tran.1ate "molar" into .'normal such slips have
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no doubt, be corrected in a mvidon, This little volumesho,,ldeertainly find a placein every high. school library, and i t also presents something of a to the of fimt-year college chemistry.
W, H, CRAP,N
Graded Exercises in Chemistv. M m n w MBNneb. Globe B w k Company. New York, 1926.
196 pp. $0.53.
19 X 13 em.
Reavy paper cover.
This book contains 28 chaptas of well-selected and clearly stated questions suited to high-school students. Their titles correspond in svhstanee to the titles of the chapters in any high-xhaal chemistry text-book and each chapter is a unit directly related to its subjects. The chaptus on formulas, nomenclature, types of ehemieal equations, and chemical arithmetic are accompanied by brief explanations which will be welmmed as clear lights on subjects urually dark to high-school pupils. There chapters are followed by ten specimen examioationn in which five groups of three quentionr each are given from which the pupil is to select ten questions, including a t least one quention from each gmup. These quwtion:, have a wide range,assume a thorough acquaintance with the Brrt 28 chapters of the book and will test the ability of the student to relate chemistry to everyday life. The b o d closer with fovr tables ol important phytieal constants. The reviewer believe. that this book ir an ercellent representation of the system of teaching in which a c m r s e is built around questions and that it could be used with any good high-school text. But he a1.o believes that while this system may be an antidote for "haphazard study" it may, if relied on entirely, become an antidote for the valuable system in which a first-ei.ss teacher by f ~ c s hquestions seeks not only t o train the pupil's ability t o distinguish between the important and the less important but also to direct his attention to the very latent developme+= in the field of chemistry. By a teacher of this kind the b w k may be used as a basis of review, to a less experienced teacher it may be of great value as a n ~ c l e u saround which to build a murse. L O ~ W. S M~trsnn EinfUhmng in die physlkalische Chemie und Kolloidchemie. H. R. K ~ u u r . Akademirehe Verlagrgcrellrchaft. Leiprig, 1926. xiii 208 pp. 14.5 X 21.5 em. M. 10.
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The author states in the preface that this volume is intended to give the students of medicine and the biological sciences an inoight into the principles of physical and c o h i d cbemi3try. I t is the belief of the reviewer that he has admirably It a real and % s w r i a e t o 5nd so mu& exact information condenscd within these few pages. I n a dear and simple ~ t y l the c author elucidates the fundamental principles underlying the gas taws, diffusion, osmosis and osmotic pressure. weight detuminationn' rates Of reactions, eatalyes and autocatal~tie reactions. ehemieal equilibria and rraetionr in heterogeneous systems, the theories of ionization and eleetrolytie die.aeiation, ion concentration including a di.. cmsdon of electrometrie methods, indicators and buffers, solvbility products, surface tendon.
