Books ical nature of the sample, its thickness,, or its state. The limited range of material covered requires that the program be used as part of a more complete course, which leads to questions about its usefulness. The program is too long to provide a brief introduction; a set of slides and commentary one-third the length would be ample. It is also not complete enough to compete with the many books available. Almost all of these provide a much wider range of information, usually in a form more suitable for reference. The decision to purchase this set of slides and commentary must depend mainly on the value perceived in the program's particular format.
Analytical Chemistry Applied to Metals Determination of Gaseous Elements in Metals. Laben M. Melnick, Lynn L. Lewis, and Ben D. Holt, Eds. viii + 744 pages. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. 1974. $39.95
Reviewed by J. P. McKaveney, Garrett Research & Development Co., La Verne, Calif. 91750 This book of 20 chapters is a good history as well as technical presentation of the evolution involving the determination of gases in metals from the hands of metallurgists to analytical chemists. Few analytical chemists are trained in the universities for the analysis of gases in metals, and even those with strong physical chemistry backgrounds work in aqueous media and not with the chemistry involving reactions in molten metals. In the early 1950's, leading metallurgical laboratories in the U.S. assigned the determination of gases in metals to analytical chemists. Much of the early analytical work was very empirical as chemists with the aid of skilled glass blowers designed furnace and vacuum systems to determine gas contents in the ppm range. It was not until the early years of the 1960's that analytical chemists began to examine the physical chemistry of molten metals and consulted the work of metallurgists like Chipman, Darken, and Langenberg to explain the diffusion and decomposition of hydrides, nitrides, and oxides. G. W. Goward was probably the first analytical chemist in the U.S. to do this. Lynn Lewis in Chapter 1 of this text expands on Goward's work, primarily for nitrogen to include also hydrogen
and oxygen, and does an excellent job in setting the stage for the following chapters which primarily concern the mechanics of differing analytical techniques. Beginning with Chapter 2 (by W. F. Harris) which concerns vacuum fusion furnace reactions, there is a fair amount of repetition from chapter to chapter both in technical matter and references. For example, Table 2.6 on page 73 from Goward's work (Anal. Chem., 37,117R, 1965) is the same as that given by Lewis in Table 1.7 on page 22. With more than 20 separate chapter authors reporting on some of the same basic approaches for analysis, it is probably difficult to minimize. Also as the editors indicate in the preface, some of the authors are no longer active in the field, so that several chapters have the most recent references as 1965 or 1966, indicating the time involved to bring the text to publication. Many of the chapter authors—Fassel, Beeghly, Kallmann, Guldner, Bandi, Mallett, etc.—are well known to metal analytical chemists, and they present their usual high-quality technical effort. After covering the fundamentals of activation analysis, vacuum and inert gas fusion, electrical discharge extraction, and spectroscopic methods in Chapters 3-6, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen are reviewed in Chapters 7-9. The methods of the chapters on oxygen and nitrogen are primarily chemical. Chapters 10-19 concern application of the various techniques to all the common and less common metals and alloys. Discussion on fairly recent techniques, such as the electrochemical determination of dissolved oxygen in molten metals as well as ion-beam techniques (Chapter 20), brings the reader up-to-date on the latest technology. Nearly 200 pages concern techniques or methods associated with the iron and steel industry, which follows from the experience of two of the principal editors, Melnick and Lewis. This has also been an area of expertise of this reviewer, and he tended to read these chapters more critically. In Chapter 15 ("Iron & Steel") by Bandi, Martin, and Melnick which was well presented, the reviewer was disturbed to note that they had ignored the contributions of many of their direct American competitors, particularly in the area of inclusion analyses. On pages 542-44, a rotating-disk spectrograph^ procedure using cobalt as an internal standard for the analysis of inclusions isolated from steel is attributed to the U.S. Steel Corp. spectrographer. The procedure is quite similar to that advanced by G. Vassilaros of the Crucible Steel Division of Colt Industries (ASTM Spec. Tech. Publ.
238 A · ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 47, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 1975
393, pp 69-72, 1965). Despite this and the repetitive shortcoming, this reviewer feels the book will make a longawaited contribution to the analytical chemistry of metals and should serve as a valuable source book for all metallurgical laboratories.
New Books Polymer Characterization by Thermal Methods of Analysis. Jen Chiu, Ed. viii + 254 pages. Marcel Dekker, Inc., 305 East 45th St., New York, N.Y. 10017. 1974. $25.50
This volume contains papers presented at the Symposium on Polymer Characterization by Thermal Methods of Analysis held during a joint meeting of the Polymer Chemistry and Rubber Chemistry Divisions of the American Chemical Society in Detroit, May 1-4, 1973. They were first published in Journal of Macromolecular Science (Chemistry), Volume A8, No. 1, 1974. There are 17 contributions from 30 authors. The text is reproduced from typed copy.
Techniques and Applications of Plasma Chemistry. John R. Hollahan and Alexis T. Bell, Eds. viii + 403 pages. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. 1974. $22.50
Ten chapters by nine authors give a broad spectrum of applications of plasmas with special attention to those in which the plasma is used because of its unique physical characteristics rather than as a source of heat. Therefore, the discussion is restricted to nonequilibrium plasmas. Included are chapters on the general principles of plasma chemistry (Chapter 1), applications of plasma to organic and polymer systems (2-6), biological and analytical applications (7-8), applications of plasma technology to the fabrication of semiconductor devices (9), and the engineering and economic aspects of plasma chemistry (10). An appendix provides examples of equipment used to produce radiofrequency electric discharges. The editors intended that this volume should also serve as a guide to the methods for applying plasma chemistry in addition to being a review of the most recent work in each subject area.
Continuing Series Handbook of Commercial Scientific Instruments, Vol. 2: Thermoanalytical Techniques. W. W. Wendlandt. xii + 234 pages. Marcel Dekker, Inc., 270 Madison Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. 1974. $14.75
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Books The thermal analysis instruments described in this volume include only those for thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which are commercially available in the U.S. Each instrument is described as completely as possible using data and specifications provided by the manufacturer. Since the purchase of a thermobalance, DTA, or DSC instrument represents a large investment and should be considered in great detail, the author hopes that the material described will prove useful to the reader for making an intelligent decision depending upon his research or production needs. The text is reproduced from typed copy. Advances in Chromatography, Vol. 1 1 . J. Calvin Giddings and Roy A. Keller, Eds. xi + 196 pages. Marcel Dekker, Inc., 270 Madison Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. 1974. $19.75
Volume 11 of this series presents discussions of quantitative analysis by gas chromatography, polyamide layer chromatography, specifically adsorbing silica gels, and nondestructive detection methods in paper and thinlayer chromatography. Creation and Detection of the Excited State. William R. Ware, Ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc., 270 Madison Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. 1974. Vol. 2: viii + 230 pages, $24.50. Vol. 3: viii + 193 pages, $23.50
Volume 2 contains discussions on experimental methods in phosphorescence-microwave double resonance, detection of transient free radicals by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, picosecond laser techniques, and dye lasers. Volume 3 discusses chemiluminescence in the condensed phase— measurements of rates and yields of excited state formation; single vibronic level fluorescence; and photocurrents in fluids—fast sensitive detection of mobile charge. The text in both volumes is reproduced from typed copy. Môssbauer Effect Methodology, Vol. 9. Irwin J. Gruverman, Carl W. Seidel, and David K. Dieterly, Eds. viii + 344 pages. Plenum Publishing Corp., 227 West 17th St., New York, N.Y. 10011. 1974. $29.50
The proceedings of the ninth symposium on Môssbauer effect methodology held in Chicago, 111., on February 3, 1974, are presented in this volume. The role of Môssbauer in the study of semiconductors, liquid crystals, and magnetic order in superconductors is covered. Latest techniques
Books for investigating surface stress measurements are reviewed. In addition, this book reports on resonant filtering of the Môssbauer gamma ray and covers treatment of data for surface stress. The text is reproduced from typed copy.
of view" on key questions. The text is reproduced from typed copy.
Residue Reviews, Vol. 50. Francis A. Gunther and Jane Davies Gunther, Eds. xi + 179 pages. Springer-Verlag New York Inc., 175 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10010. 1974. $18.80
U.S. Government Publications
In addition to a 30-page article on the analysis of pesticides by the thinlayer chromatographic-enzyme inhibition technique, volume 50 contains a cumulative table of subjects covered, a comprehensive and cumulative subject matter index, a cumulative author index (all volumes 41-50), and a cumulative list of volumes 1-50.
Methods of Biochemical Analysis, Vol. 22. David Glick, Ed. viii + 567 pages. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. 1974. $24.95
The contents of this volume include radioimmunoassay of polypeptide hormones and enzymes; newer developments in the determination of cyclic AMP and other cyclic nucleotides, adenylate cyclase, and phosphodiesterase; determination of the activity of succinate, NADH, choline, and «-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases; determination of the activity of phospholipases A, C, and D; recent advances in the separation and analysis of diazopositive bile pigments; determination of iodine in biological material; ultrafilter membranes in biochemistry; microparticulate gel chromatography accelerated by centrifugal force and pressure; and the use of subzero temperatures in biochemistry—slow reac-
tions. This volume also includes cumulative author and subject indexes for Volumes 1-22.
Advances in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 3. James N. Pitts, Jr., and Robert L. Metcalf, Eds. ix + 386 pages. John Wiley & Sons, 605 Third Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. 1974. $19.95
Included in this volume are discussions of lead in the environment; air pollution, morbidity, and mortality and the concept on no threshold; biomedical and social aspects of air pollution; and the economics of air pollution control for used cars. The editors for this series have asked the authors not to be concerned simply with literature surveys, but to give their "points
Viscosity
This bibliography provides access to a large body of basic knowledge generated by the AEC research and development programs over the past 26 years. It gives for most publications a brief descriptive statement, lists or describes the contents, and indicates the availability. The more than 400 publications are grouped under 13 subject categories. Included are titles from several AEC monograph series. In addition to the technical books and monographs, a section at the end of each subject category lists recent symposium proceedings published as AEC project reports. Title, author, and series indexes are provided.
This t i m e l y collection of papers represents a significant s o u r c e b o o k for the scientist c o n c e r n e d w i t h reliable, u p - t o - d a t e m e t h o d s for d e t e r m i n i n g molecular w e i g h t .
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Polymer Molecular Weight Methods
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ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES No. 125 Myer Ezrin, Editor A symposium co-sponsored by the Division of Analytical Chemistry and the Division of Polymer Chemistry of the American Chemical Society.
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242 A · ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 47, NO. 2, FEBRUARY
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Special Issues Sales American Chemical Society 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 2 0 0 3 6
