notes on nomenclature H3AsS3 HaAsSn
trithioarseniou~acid tetrathioarsenic acid
The affixes seleno and telluro are used in a manner similar to thio. KBSbSeSa
University of South Florida
Tampa 33620
C h e m i d Abltrocts Service Columbur, Ohio 43210
KURT LOENING ROY M. ADAMS
Genevo College Beaver Fall%,Penn>ylvmk
1.5010
Derivatives of 0x0 Acids Names for derivatives of 0x0 acids involve many of the same problems as are encountered with the parent 0x0 acids ( 1 ) . In addition. there are problems unique to the derivative; t h e m s e l v e s . ~ a nderivatives ~ are named as suhstitution products of the parent acids. However, in doing so the inorganic chemist has committed what is, to the organic chemist, a cardinal sin because he is substituting for oxygen or hydroxyl and not hydrogen. Some significant conflicts in nomenclature are a result of this failure of two groups to play by the same rules. Peroro Acids. The prefix peroxo-, when used in conjunction with the trivial names of acids, indicates substitution by -0-0-; example: HOON02, peroxonitric of -0acid. For phosphoric and sulfuric acids there are two types of peroxo derivatives: one in which HOO- takes the place of HO- and one in which -0-0acts as a bridge hetween two atoms of the characteristic element. The names indicate whether one or two such atoms are involved.
potassium selenotrithioantimanate
Cldoro Acids, elc. Acids containing ligands other than oxygen and sulfur are generally designated according to coordination nomenclature. HAuCi4
hydrogen tetraehloroaurate(l1I) or tetraehloroauric(111) acid H2PtC14 hydrogen tetrachloroplatinate(I1) or tetrachlartlplatinic(l1) acid H2PtCls hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(1V) or hexaehloroplatinic(1V) acid HnFe(CN)6 hydrogen hexacyanoferrate(I1) or hexacyanoferric(1l) aeid H[PFH02] hydrogen fluorohydridodioxophosphate or fluorohydridodioxophosphoric acid HPFe hydrogen hexafluorophosphate or hexafluorophosphorie aeid hydrogen hexafluorosilicate or hexafluorosilicic acid HISiFs HzSnCls hydrogen hexaehlorostannate(1V) or hexaehlorostannic(1V) acid hydrogen tetrafluorohorate or tetrafluorohoric acid HBFl HIBFs(OH)~] hydrogen difluorodihydroxohorate or difluorodihydroxoborie acid H[B(CsHdr] hydrogen tetraphenylborate or tetraphenylharic acid
At timcs n change in coordination number in the progressive replacement of hydroxyl and 0x0 groups produces an apparent discontinuity especially among fluoro acids. For boron the following acids are known (HObB
boric acid
H[BFn]
tetrafluoroboric acid
For phosphorus the following acids are well characterized
No one seems to have given any thought as to a suitable name for HOO(HO)P(O)-O-P(O)(OHh. According to the principles of nomenclature for isopoly acids the compound would be called (hvdrooeroxo)diohos~horicacid. Thio Acids. By curren; usage, thk s f i x ihio is sufficient to desimate a thio acid where the reolacement proceeds no further than one atom of oxygen by sulfur. However, even in such cases, the use of mono is preferred. H2S(S)02 HnS(S)Oa HSCN
monathiasulfurous acid monothiosulfuric acid thiocyanic acid
When more than one oxygen atom can be replaced by sulfur the number of sulfur atoms should be indicated. H3PO3S H3POzS2 HzCSl
monothiophosphoric acid dithiophosphoric acid trithiocarbonic acid
(HO)aPO (HOI~PFO (H0)PF.O H[PFsl
phosphoric aeid monofluorophosphoric acid difluarophosphoric acid hexaflu&ophosphoric acid
IUPAC Publications on Nomenclature The initial note of this series (2) described the puhlications of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which deal with nomenclature. Several of these have appeared recently so this is an appropriate time to list them. Where IUPAC reports have been reprinted, the references are included. Definitive Recommendations. These are always puhlished in the official journal Pure and Applied Chemistry. Subsequently, where appropriate, they are then incorporated into the next edition of the Green Book (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Phsicochemical Quantities and Units), Red Book (Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry) or Blue Book (Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry). (A compendium for nomenclature of analytical chemistry is under discussion.) Copies of the Green, Red and Blue Volume 50, Number 5, May 1973 / 341
Books can be purchased from Messrs. Butterworths' U.S. Agent Crane, Russak, and Co. In addition, as an experiment, the IUPAC Secretariat recently purchased from Butterworths 250 reprints of those definitive nomenclature recommendations which are designated below by an asterisk. These are being sold by the Secretariat. If the experiment proves successful, it may be extended to other reprints of final nomenclature recommendations published in Pure and Applied Chemistry. "Nomcnelsfure of Organic Chemistry. Sections A. B, and C," (3rd Ed.) The Butterw f h Group, landon. 1971, 352 p. For the firat time these rules are available in =single volume. For s summary of the chsngos fmm the earlier rules see J. Chem. Doc.. 12 (21. 12241971) --,~~
"Nomenclature of inorganic Chemisfry. Definitive Rul- 1970," (2nd Ed.) Butter. ZR (11. I (1971). Diivorths, Landon. 1971, 110 p. Also published in N ~ A D D I
.. "Nomenclature of Inorganic Boron Compounds." Commission on Nomenclature of InorpnieChemiafry.PureApp1. Chem.. 30 13-41,633 119721. '"Oellnifive Rules for Nomenclature of Steroids.'' IUPAC Commis~ionon the Nomenelsture of Oreanic Chomistrv and IUPAC~IIIB' Commission on Biahemical No-
"A Guide to Praeduros for the Publication of Thermodynamic Data:' Commission on Thermodynamics andThermochcmirtry. N r p AppL Chom., 29. 11-31.395 (19721. ''Catalogue of Phyrieochemicsl Stsndsrd Substances." Commission on Phmieochemical Measurements and Standards, f i r e ADPI. Chem., 29(4l, 597 (1972). "A One-Letter Notation for Amino Acid Sequences.'' IUPAC-IUB Commimian an BiachemicalNomenelature.NreApp1. C h m . 3114,639 119721. "Definitive Ruler for Naming Synthetic Modifications of Natural Peptides." IIIPACIUBCommissiononRiochemiealNomenelature,NreApplChem., 31i0,647 119721.
Tentative Recommendations. These are issued as a series of "Appendices on Tentative Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and Standards" (yellow booklets) to the IUPAC Information Bulletin. They are available free by writing IUPAC Secretariat, Bank Court Chambers, 2-3 Pound Wav. Cowlev Centre. Oxford OX4 3YF. U.K. Also thev aresent aut&atica11'~ on publication to'all subscribers the Bulletin (subscription price: $9.00).
tb
No. I . "Nomenclature. Symbols. Unitr, and Their Usages in Spectrrrhemiral Analysis. I." Commission an Nomsnelamm. Symbols, Units and Their Usage in S p c t r o ~ chemicalAnslysir,Dceember,1969. No. 2. "Catalog of Phydmehemieal Standard Substances." Commission on Phyricchemical Measuremenrrsnd Standards. Docomher, 1969. No. 3. "Manual of Cefinitiona. Terminology and Symholr in Colloid and Surface Chemis1ry:'Commisionon Collaid and Surface Chemistry. January 1970. NO. 4. " ~ r ~ ~ for ~the ~presentation ~ d of~ NMR t Data i ~ tor ~P U ~~ I ~ Cin~ ~ Chemical Journals." Commislion on Molecular Structure and Spoctrcseopy, January 191" .....
No. 5. "Reeommendalions on IonIxchange Namenelature." Commission on Anslytical Nomanelamre. Janusni 1970. No. 6 . "Nrmanelstura for Vitamins B1 and Related Communds." IIIPAC-IIIR a m -
Eur. J Biochem.. 1512). 20311970); Corrections 18. 55Si1971); 25, L(L9721; Hnpp~Scyler's 2. Phvsiof. Chem. 351(9). 10,55(19701: J B i d Chem.. 245(20l, 5171l19701: J . Mol. Biof. 55i31.233(19711: Mol B i d . 6.16711972) IRu~sisn). No. 10, "Abhreviafians and Svmbols for the Descriotion of the Cordonnation of Polv-
No. 11. "Rrommsndations for ,.he Resentstion 01 Raman Spectra for Cslsloging and navmantafion in permsnent ~ s t Collections." s Commission on ~ o l e e a l a rstrueturr and Spcefrcseopy, February 1971. NO. 12. '-List of Abbrevieliolu for Synthetic Polymers and Polymeric Materials." Macromolecular Namenclafure Commission, February 1971. No. 13. "Basic Definitions of Terms Relating to Polymers." Maemmolecular Nomenclature commisaian. February 1571. No. 14. "Rrommendations on Nomenclature for Contamination Phenomena in Precipitation from A~ueourSolutions," Cammisrian an Analytical Nomenclature. February 1972. No. 15. "Recommendations on Nomenclature for Chramatogaphy," Commission on Analytical Nomenclature, February 1972. No. 16. "Rrommendstians for Nomenclature of Thermal halyris." Commission on Analytiesl Nomenclature, February 1972. Also puhliahed ar Pt. I in Toinnto, 16. 1227 (19691: Pt. I1 in Toionta. 19. 1079(19721andJ ThrrmolAnol. 1. 34Ai1972!. No. 17. "Recommendatinns for Nomenclature of Mass Spectrometry," Commispion an Analytical Nomenelaturo, February 1972. No. 18. "Rrommendafionr on Nomenclature of Scales of Working in Analysia," Cammission on Analvtieal Nomenclature. Fehruarv 1972. No. 19. '"Roles for the Nomenclature of Carotenoids." IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Organic ChemrJtry and IUPAC-IUB Commission an Biochemical Nomenclature, February 1972. Also published in Riochomlslry. 10(?61. 48Z7ll971l; Biochem. J.. 12115). 741l1972); Eur. J, Bioehem., 25131, 397(19721; J B i d Chem.. 247191. 262111972), No. 20. "Quantities and Units in Clinical Chemistry." IUPAC Commission on Qusntities and Unit3 (Clinical Chemistry) and IFCC* Expen Panel on Quantities and Units in Clinical Chemistry. February 1972. No. 21. ''List af Quantifies in Clinieal Chamistry." IWAC Commission on Qusntitios and Units (Clinbal C h e m i s ~ y and l IFCC E x p r t Panel on Quantities and Units in Clinical Chemistry. Fehruary 1972. No. 22. "Nomenclature af Multiple Forma of Enzymes." IWAC~IUBCommission on Biochemical Nomenclature. June 1972. Also published In Arch Biuehem Hiophyr.. 117(1l. L119711; Biochsmlslry, 10(251. 4828(197ll; Biochem. J., 126111, 769(1972): Binchim. Riophys. Acfa. 25811l. I(1972l; Biaehmio, 5 W 123(1972): E u r J. Rioehem.. 24111. L119711; Hoppe-Seyler's 2. Physioi. Cham.. 353161, 852(19721 1Ger.I; J. B i d Chem.. M6(20). 6L27(1971l. No. 23. "Symbols for Amino-Acid Derivatives and Peptides." IUPAC-IUB Commiaaim on Biochemical Nomenclature. Juna 1972. Also published in Arch. Biachem. Biophyr., 150(1!. l(1972); Bioehamlsfry. 11(9), 1726(1972): Biochem J., 12614). 773(1972): Blochim. Riophys. Ado, 263(21. 20511972); Bull Sac. Chim. B i d , 49. 121(19671 (Fr.1: Em J Biochem., 27121, 20111972): J. B i d Chm., U7(4l. 977(1972): Mnl R i d 2, 282(1968l (Russisnl. No. 21. "Recommended N a m e and Symbols lor Light and Related Electromagnetic Radiation." Commission on P h y s i c a h e m i d Symbols. Terminalom, and Units. June 1972. No. 25. "Recommendations on Nomenclature for Nuclear Chemistry." Cammirsion on AnalvticnlRadiahomistrv. Junel972. No. 26. "Nomandafure. Symbols, Unitr and Their Usage in Spectmeh~miealAnslysisi Merit." 11. Terms and Symbols Related to Analytieal Funelions and Their F i ~ r e of Commission on Spectrochomical and Other Optical Procedures for Analysis. November
..
1917
No. 27. "Nomenclsture, Symholr. Units and Their Ussae in Swctmchemical
chemistry, November 1972. No. 29. "Nomenclature of Regular Single-Strand Organic Polymers." Commission on Macromolecular Namonclature. November 1972.
~ O ~
Other International Reports "Tenlative Rules for Generic Descriptors and Trivial Names for Vitamins and M a t ed Compounds." lUNS3 Committee on Nomenclature. Published in Arch. Sci. Physial.. 25121, I(1971I;J. Nut,.. lOl(L), L3:3(19711. "Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Human immunoglobulin^." IUIS' Subcommittee for Human Immunoelobulins, Biochamlrlrv, 11.331111972l.
SI Units No. 7. "Carbohudnte Nomenclature-1."
.
.
IllPAC Cnmmission on Nnm~nvlattiwnf
.
NO. 6. "Nomenclature of 1norganie Boron Compounds." commission on Namencla~ fur* oflnorganic Chemistry. Septcmb~r1970.
The International System of Units is closely related to nomenclature. Three recent U S . publications describing these units have appeared (4-6). They should be consulted for details and additional references. The IUPAC report is entitled "Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units" and is available from Butterworths, London, 1970, p. 44. It also appeared inPureAppl. Chem., 21(1), l(1970). Literature Cited
'TUB VCC WNS 'IUIS
= Intemafianal Unianof Biochemistry. =International Federation of Clinical Chemists. =International UnionoiNutritionalSciencer. = lnternatlonel union of lmmvnolqieal societies.
342 /Journal o f Chemical Education
(11 Ferneliur. W.C., I.oening, K., Ad8ms.R. M..d CHEM. EDUC..SY. 123112791. (2) Fernelius, W.C., Laning, K.,Adams, R. M.,). CHEM. EDUC, 48,4341197IJ. (31 Forneliusn W. C., Loening. K.. Adams, R. M.. J. CHRM. EDUC.. 19. 489119721. 141 Paul. M.A.,J Chem Doc.. ll(ll.311971). (5) Paul. M.A., Chemistry, W9). 14(19721. (61 Nonls, A.C., J. CHEM. EDUC.. 48.797119711
