Anal. Chem. 1981, 53,28R-38R (14) Farina, C. A., Faita, G., Olivani, F., Corros. Sci., (1978) 78, 465-79. (15) Fedorova, V. N., Sivergln, Yu. M, Berlin, A. A., Selenev, Yu. V., flaste Kautschuk (1978) 25, 81-3. (16) Fernandez-Prini, R., Kapusta, S., JOCCA (1979) 62, 93-8. (17) Figge, K., Cmelka, D., Koch, J., Food Cosm. Tox., (1978) 16, 165-75. (18) Fraser, I.,Process Eng., (1979) 79. (19) Fritzsche, C., Stauffer, W., Moser, K., Volker, T., Angew. Makromol. Chem., (1978) 6 7 , 99-116. (20) Fuhrmann, H., Ind. Lack. Betrieb, (1978) 46, 172-4. (21) Furuno, N., Ohyabu, Y., frogr. Org. Coat, (1977), 5 , 201-17. (22) George, H. F., Welch, W. N., T A f f I Conf, Reprography & Testing, (1977) 135-43; Scand. faint Print. Ink R . I , Environ. Lit. (1978) Abs PIRA 261178. (23) Goring, W. H., Sov. J. Nondestr. Test., (1977) 13, 456-63. (24) Goring, W., Hantschke, B., Lessmeister, P. 8 Zwernemann, K., XIVth FATIfEC Congress, Budapest, (1978), 739-43. (25) Grozinskaya, 2 . P., Verkholantsev, V. V., Lakokras. Mat., (1978) 51-3; Continent. faint Resin News, (1978) 16, 151. (26) Guhring, W. H., Product Fin., (1978), 31, 24. (27) Hadlistamov, D., Degen, K., Colloid folym. Sci., (1978) 256, 770-83. (28) Huang, C. R., Fabisiak, W., Poiston, N. L., R o c . Internat. Conf. Rheology, (1976) 238-9. (29) Hummel, K., Kovar, I., Angew. Makromol. Chem., (1978) 69, 99-105. (30) Ikada, E., Sugimura, T., Watanabe, T., J. folym. Sci., folym. fhys., (1978) 76, 907-14. (31) Jilek, J. H., frogr. Org. Coat., (1977) 5 , 97-114. (32) Kaliskl, A., Tappi Coating Conf., (1977) 39-69. (33) Kampf, G., Volz, H. G., Kiaeren, A,, XIVth FATIfEC Congress, Budapest, (1978) 291-6. (34) Karyakina, M. I., and Others, Lakokras. Mat., (1977) 43-4; Continent. faint Resin News, (1978) 16, 46. (35) Kelln, J., Werner, M., Makromol. Chem., (1978) 179, 991-1001, (36) Kestelman, V. N., Pavrna. V. I., Kalinina, T. P., flaste Kautschuk, (1978) 25. 357-9. (37) Khullar, M., Pattyranie, C., Proc. 7th Scandinavian Corrosion Congress, Trondheim, (1975) 535-47. ’
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Fertilizers’ R. A. Sweeney,* C. W. Gehrke, and
P. R. Rexroad
Agricultural Building, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 652 I I
This review covers the literature re orted from January 1, 1979, to December 31,1980, and inclufes procedures recorded in readily available journals, in Chemical Abstracts, and in Fertilizer Abstracts (18). Some selectivity has been exercised to include only those procedures especially pertinent for direct application to fertilizers, easily adopted to fertilizers, or containing information related to research in fertilizer methodology. In the Literature Cited section of this review Fertilizer Abstracts (18) are abbreviated as Fert. A.
GENERAL The Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) published its 13th edition of “Official Methods of Analysis” (26). These are the official methods of regulatory chemists of the North American continent. The Fertilizer section is 24 pages. Sweeney et al. (62) presented a review of the literature of analytical chemistry related to fertilizers for 1977 and 1978. The review covered procedures dealing with or applicable to fertilizer analysis for the major (N, P, K), secondary, and minor nutrients. Two-hundred-thirty-one references were cited. A review of analytical methods for soils, plants, fertilizers, water, and food was given by David (16). One-hundredeighteen references were discussed concemg atomic emission, absorption, and fluotescence spectrophotometric analytical methods in visible and UV regions. Koshino (35) reviewed official fertilizer analytical methods. The review presented 42 references for the determination of C o n t r i b u t i o n of t h e M i s s o u r i A r i c u l t u r a l E x p e r i m e n t Station. J o u r n a l Series No. 8773. A p p r o v e 1 by t h e Director.
28 R
N, P, K, B, Ca, and Mg in fertilizers. The use of automated analysis in process and uality control in complex fertilizer manufacture was reporte by Viswanathan et al. (66).Described was a modular AutoAnalyzer apparatus for NH3- and urea-N, orthophosphate, and K determinations. They found a 5-fold decrease in analytical time was achieved by automation. Instrument characteristics and improvements were discussed. Analytical isotachophoresis was applied by Bocek et al. (10) to the determination of solubule nitrates, sulfates, and phosphates in artificial fertilizers. The leading electrolyte wm 0.005 M HC1+ 0.005 M CaCl, + glycine while the terminating electrolyte was tartaric acid. A concentration of M was recommended for the components in the aqueous sample extract. The new method’s results compared favorably with those obtained by standard methpds. Thermometric titration with sodium tetraphenylborate was used by Staeudel et al. (59) to determine NH4 and K+ in fertilizers. The sum of the NH4+and K+ ion was determined in one aliquot of the sample solution. In a second aliquot, K+ was titrated with NaBPh, after masking NH4+with NaOH and H2C0. The NH4+concentration could then be found by difference. NaF and EDTA were used to mask divalent and trivalent ions. Kornev and Yanchukovich (34) described an X-ray-radiometric method applicable to the determination of N in fertilizers and K, Ca, C1, and S in plants and soils. The analytical lines were excited by w a y s for N in fertilizers and by y-rays for the other elements. Chloride and S were determined in aqueous extracts of saline soils. A relative error sf
