Flue Gas Desulfurization
ACS Symposium Series No. 188 John L. Hudson, Editor University of Virginia Gary T. Rochelle, Editor University of Texas at Austin Based on a symposium sponsored by the Division of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry of the American Chemical Society. A unique collection of fundamental work on flue gas desulfurization pro cesses This 18-chapter volume presents current research that provides the foundation for a quantitative understanding of the flue gas desulfurization processes. Five chap ters report the initial results of fundamen tal chemistry projects supported by the Department of Energy. Rate processes and innovations in throwaway slurry scrubbing aredealt with in eight chapters, while four chapters discuss alternatives to throwaway slurry scrubbing. Chemical and mechanical engineers and chemists engaged in development, de sign, and operation of flue gas desulfuri zation will want to add this valuable vol ume to their reference collection. CONTENTS Thermodynamic Values for Desulfurization · Reliable Data for Flue Gas Desulfurization · Strong-Electrolyte Activity Coefficients · Limestone Dissolution · Mag nesium Limestone Dissolution · Thermal Decomposi tion · Desulfurization and Denitrification System · Oxi dation of Bisulfite Ion · Sulfite Oxidation in Organic Acid • Oxidation in Calcium Sulfite Slurries · Adipic Acid Degradation · Lime/Limestone Slurry Scrubbing · Adipic Acid-Enhanced Lime/Limestone · Energy Re quirements for SO2 Absorption · Limestone Dual Alkali Process · Dry Sorbent Injection · Components of Nahcolite and Trona · Magnesium Oxide Desulfuriza tion 432 pages (1982) Clothbound US & Canada $41.95 Export $50.95 LC 82-6818 ISBN 0-8412-0722-4 Order from : Distribution Office — 43 American Chemical Society 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 or CALL TOLL FREE 800-424-6747 and use your credit card.
472A
Environ. Sci. Technol., V o l . 16, No. 8, 1982
Atlantic. IV. The effects of drilling discharges on the benthic community," Proc. Symp. Res. Environ. Fate and Effects of Drilling Fluids and Cuttings, Lake Buena Vista, Fla., Jan. 21-24, 1980. Middleditch, B. S. In "Environmental Effects of Offshore Oil Production: The Buccaneer Gas and Oil Field Study"; Middleditch, B. S., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, 1981; pp. 15-54. Mobil Oil Corporation. Monitoring program for Wells No. 3 and No. 4, Lease OCS-G-2759, Block A-389 High Island Area East Addition South Extension; prepared by Continental Shelf Associates; Vol. 1, Technical Section, 1978. National Academy of Science. "Petroleum in the marine environment. Workshop on inputs, fates, and the effects of petroleum in the marine environment May 21-25, 1973"; National Academy of Sciences: Washington, D.C, 1975. Neff, J. M. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment"; Applied Science Publishers: London, 1979. Nulton, C. P.; Johnson, D. E.; Bohnstedt, C. F.; Martin, S. J. "Organic chemical analyses," in "Ecological Investigations of Petroleum Production Platforms in the Central Gulf of Mexico"; prepared by Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Tex., for the Bureau of Land Management: New Orleans OCS, 1981; Part 3, Vol. 1. Pancirov, R. J.; Brown, R. A. "Analytical methods for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oils, and marine tissues," Proc. 1975 Conf. Prevention and Control of CHI Pollution, Washington, D . C , American Petroleum Institute, 1975; pp. 103-113. Payne, J. F.; Maloney, R. "Are petroleum hydrocarbons ah important source of mutagens in the marine environment?" "Proc. API, EPA, and USCG, 1979 Oil Spill Conf. •{Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup) Washington, D.C, American Petroleum Institute, 1979; pp. 533-536. Petrazzuolo, G. "Preliminary report on an environmental assessment of drilling fluids and cuttings released onto the outer continental shelf for the Gulf of Mexico," prepared for the Office of Water Enforcement and the Office of Water and Waste Management, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Washington, D.C, 1981. Proni, J. R.; Trefry, J. "Drilling mud discharge in the Gulf of Mexico," Proc. Third Int. Ocean Disposal Symp. Woods Hole Océanographie Institution, Woods Hole, Mass., Oct. 12-16, 1981, in press. Ray, J. P.; Shinn, E. A. "Environmental effects of drilling muds and cuttings," Conf. Proc. Environ. Aspects of Chemical Use in WellDrilling Operations, May 21-23, 1975, Houston, Tex., EPA-560-1-75-004,1975; pp. 533-545. Rice, S. D.; Short, J. W.; Broderson, C. C ; Mecklenburg, Τ. Α.; Moles, D. Α.; Misch, C. J.; Cheatham, D. L.; Karinen, J. F. "Acute toxicity and uptake-depuration studies with Cook Inlet crude oil, Prudhoe Bay crude oil, No. 2 fuel oil and several subarctic marine organisms," NWAFC Processed Report, 90 pp., Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center, Auke Bay Laboratory, NMFS, NOAA: P.O. Box 155, Auke Bay, Alaska 99821,1976. Rice, S. D.; Moles, D. Α.; Taylor, T. L.; Karinen, J. F. "Sensitivity of 39 marine species to Cook Inlet crude oil and No. 2 fuel oil," Proc. API, EPA, and USCG, 1979 Oil Spill Conf. {Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup) American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C, 1979; pp. 549-554. Rice, S. D.; Korn, S.; Brodersen, C. C ; Lindsay, S. Α.; Andrews, S. A. "Toxicity of ballastwater treatment effluent to marine organisms at Port Valdez, Ala.," Proc. API, EPA, and USCG 1981 Oil Spill Conf. {Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup) American Pe troleum Institute, Washington, D.C, 1981;
pp. 55-61. Rose, C. D.; Ward, T. J. "Acute toxicity and aquatic hazard associated with discharged formation water," in "Environmental Effects of Offshore Oil Production: The Buccaneer Gas and Oil Field Study"; Middleditch, B.S., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, 1981. Roesijadi, G.; Anderson, J. W.; Blaylock, J. W. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 1978, 35, 608-614. Rossi, S. S.; Anderson, J. W. Water Air Soil Pollut. 1978,9, 155-170. Sauer, T. C. Sea. Limnol. Oceanogr. 1980,25, 338-351. Sauer, T. C. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1981, 15, 917-923. Sis, R. S.; Neff, J.; Jacobs, V. L.; Armstrong, H.; McArthur, N.; Corkern, C. C ; Tarpley, R.; Stott, G. "Normal histology and histopathology of benthic invertebrates and demersal and platform-associated pelagic fishes," in "Ecological Investigations of Petroleum Production Platforms in the Central Gulf of Mexico"; prepared by Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Tex., for the Bureau of Land Management: New Orleans OCS, 1981. Sizemore, R. K.; Hsu, C. S.; Olsen, K. D. "Bacterial community composition and ac tivity," in "Environmental Effects of Offshore Oil Production: The Buccaneer Gas and Oil Field Study"; Middleditch, B. S., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, 1981. Southwest Research Institute. "Ecological in vestigations of petroleum production plat forms in the central Gulf of Mexico," pre pared for the Bureau of Land Management: New Orleans OCS, 1981. Steele, R. L. "Effects of certain petroleum products on reproduction and growth of zy gotes and juvenile stages of the alga Fucus edentatus (Phaeophyceae: Fucales)," in "Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems and Organisms"; Wolfe, D., Ed.; Pergamon Press: Elmsford, N.Y., 1977. Stegeman, J. J. "Polynuclear aromatic hydro carbons and their metabolism in the marine environment," in "Polycyclic Hydrocarbons and Cancer"; Gelboin, H. V.; Ts'o, P.O.P., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1981. Teal, J. M., Burns, K.; Farrington, J. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 1978,35, 510-520. Tillery, J. B. 'Trace metals," in "Environmental assessment of Buccaneer gas and oil field in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, 19781979"; Jackson, W. B.; Wilkens, E. P., Eds.; NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFSSEFC-42, 93 p. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, Va., 1980; Vol. 8. Tillery, J. B.; Thomas, R. E.; Windon, H. L. "Trace metals studies in sediment and fauna," in "Ecological Investigations of Petroleum Production Platforms in the Central Gulf of Mexico"; prepared by Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Tex., for the Bureau of Land Management: New Orleans OCS, 1981; Vol. 1, Part 4. Union Oil Company (Calif.). "Ecological as sessment of drilling activities. Well No. 1 Block 384 High Island East Addition South Extension," prepared by Marine Technical Consulting Services, 1977. Wheeler, R. B. M.S. Thesis, Rice University, Houston, Tex., 1979. Wiesenburg, D. Α.; Bodennec, G.; Brooks, J. M. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1981, 27, 167-174. Zein-Eldin, Z. P.: Keney, P. M. "Environmental Assessment of an active oil field in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico—Bioassays of Buccaneer Oil Field effluents with juvenile and adult penaeid shrimp," progress report prepared for the National Marine Fisheries Service; Galveston, Tex., 1978. Zingula, R. P. "Effects of drilling operations on the marine environment," Conf. Proc. Envir ron. Aspects of Chemical Use in Well-Drill ing Operations, Houston, Tex., May 21-23, 1975. EPA-550/1-75-004, pp. 443-450.