Fluorine method bonds diamonds to metal - C&EN Global Enterprise

It's an "amazing irony," says Taylor, since the two substances have been considered unable to adhere chemically to each other. Taylor and Los Alamos ...
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January 17, 1983 C&EN

Technology

Fluorine method bonds diamonds to metal A new way to bond diamonds to metal has been developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The process can produce extremely hard grinding wheels for machining operations and has potential for other applications, such as jewelry. Developed by physical chemist Gene W. Taylor, assistant leader of Los Alamos' explosives technology group, the process involves treating the diamonds so that they adhere to the bonding material, Teflon fluorocarbon resin. It's an "amazing irony," says Taylor, since the two substances have been considered unable to adhere chemically to each other. Taylor and Los Alamos technician Herman Roybal use both chemical and physical bonding to attach industrial diamonds to aluminum grinding wheels. They begin with a process that generates fluorine atoms, which react with the surfaces of the diamonds. With fluorinated surfaces, the diamonds can then be further chemically bonded to fluorocarbon resin, producing a very tough material. After this material dries, it will chemically bond to the aluminum grinding wheel. The diamond-fluorocarbon material is then physically compressed and ground deep into the aluminum with a hot press used to make commercial machining wheels. The grinding wheels made by the new process have proved extremely successful and long wearing, Taylor says. They are also less expensive to produce than are traditional epoxyglued diamond-encrusted wheels or wheels covered with diamonds ground into overlapping thin layers of metal. Los Alamos machinists successfully have adopted the grinding wheels made by the new method. They had found commercially available wheels inadequate for grinding new types of hard ceramics and metals developed at the lab. Taylor also notes that Teflon could be used to hold diamonds in metal settings without fasteners. This would allow more versatility in jewelry design and fabrication. D