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BOOKREVIEWS
reactions permits a clearer comparison between the two reactions. l’olunie VI is highly recommended to all those who are concerned with petroleum hydrocarbons and catalysis and it is an indispensable book for all those who deal with the field of petrochemistry. THEIPATIEFP HIGHPRESSURE AND CATALYTIC LABORA4TORY HERMAXPISES DEPARTMEST O F CHEMISTRY SORTHWESTERN L T ~ ~ ~ , ~ ~ EVANSTOS,ILLISOIS
VOl. 81
ciently detailed general theory. The work of K.H. Fowler and L . A . DuBridge, which describes the photoelectric effect in pure metals near threshold, is admirably presented in its coniplete form, including all necessary tables. Temperature dependence of photoemission, energy distributions of ejected electrons, correlations between optical properties of photocathodes (reflected and absorbed light intensities, polarization, etc.) and photoelectric yields-all these phenomena are treated in such a manner as to be of great aid researcher in this field. Unavoid~ ~ to the ~ beginning ~ able discrepancies in published photo-yield measurements on the same, presumably pure, photo-cathode materials are valiantly dealt with, perhaps in excessive detail. For the beginning student i t will be difficult not t o be confused bp Fortschritte der Physikalischen Chemie. Band 4. Gleichthe mass of experimental data concerned with crystal strucgewichts- und Wachstums-fortneii von Kristallcn By ture, with adsorbed foreign atoms, molecules and ions, with DR. B . HONIGMANX, \~issenscliaftlicher Oberassistant ain niononiolecular and thick layers, etc., and with all their Fritz-Haber-Instittit der ~~as-Plniick-Gcsellschaft Berlincombined subtle and, in many instances, little-understood Dahleni. Dr. Dietricli Steinkopff \ - d a g , Holzliofallce influences on the measured yields. The interpretation of an 35, Darmstadt, Gcrniany. 1‘358. xii f 161 p p 15.5 X equally large number of data for composite photocathodes is 23 cm. Price, M D 26. closely related to the above problems with the same attendResearch and application of solids dcpend t u a high degree a n t difficulties. on our knowledge of the fundamental processes of crystal Perhaps a greater selectivity of the literature discussed growth and the technical preparation of single crystals of the here might have improved the readability of this chapter. desired quality and size. Keither of these problems is I n spite of this, Professor Suhrmann did succeed in acquaiiitsolved at present. On the other hand, the deniaiid for new irig the reader with the published work on the subject matter and better crystals grows rapidly. The importance and inand with its manifold problems (249 references). terest in single crystals is clearly demonstrated by the nuin“Internal Photoeffects” are treated by K. W. Boer in ber of important conferences held and books publislied 011 Chapter 111 (82 pages). .ictually, the title is slightly rnisthis subject in recent years. The present book is another leading in as much as the work is primarily concerned with 3 valuable contribution in tlic field of crystal growth. The very lucid and easy to read introduction to the concepts of scope of the book is limited to the treatment of crystal habits solid state physics, including energy band models, crystal in the equilibrium and growing states. In the first chapter defects, significance of donor and acceptor mechanisnis, the definitions and concepts of nucleation and habits of cryselectron excitation and recombination, and others. These tals are given. In the second chapter is given a short dephenomena are discussed systematically in terms of the imscription of crystal growth from the vapor, solution and portant experimental parameters and supported with caremelt. The third chapter gives the experimental data of fully selected data. The internal photoeffects are briefly crj-stal habits of covalent and ionic crystals and t h e influence discussed within this framework (277 references). of additives. In chapter four the experimental methods for In Chapter I V (71 pages), H. Simon discusses the “CO:; determination of crystal habits and in chapter five methods struction of Photocells for the External Photoeffect. for study of single faces are given. In the last and the 1-arious laboratory techniques are described, in some inlongest chapter the theories of crystal habits according to stances perhaps unnecessarily detailed for students in U. s. Gibbs, Vollmer, Kossel, Stranski, Kaischew and others are universities who to-day are very rarely concerned with indipresented. Unfortunately, some of the new results published vidual preparation of vacuum greases. Data on principally recently, e . g . , by Chalmers, Sears and others, which belong to German-manufactured glasses are presented, followed b>’ this field, are missing. This book should be very useful to descriptions on how t o produce pure metals and pure gases anyone interested in the study or preparation of crystals. in the laboratory. The manufacture of some ixnp(irtant complex photocathodes is explained in useful detail (104 LABORATORY FOR I S S U L A T I O X RESEARCH references). MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHSOLOGY CAMBRIDGE, hf ASSACIIUSETTS ALEXAXDER SMAKVLA Chapter V (34 pages), also by H. Simon, deals in a similar manner with the “Construction of Photo-Resistive Cells (semiconductors),” with stress on selenium, thallium sulfide, lead sulfide and potassium sulfide. Additional information Der lichtelektrische Effekt und seine Anwendungen. on spectral sensitivity, particularly in at least approxirIiate Edited by DR. H. SIMON,Professor an der Humboldt- absolute units, would have been useful (101 references). Univcrsitat und stellv. Direktor des Instituts fur Fest“Secondary Electron .4mplification” is discussed by F. korperforschung der Deutschen Akademie der U’issen- Eckart in Chapter VI (51 pages). T h e yield factor as a schaften zu Berlin, and Dr. R. SUHRMASN, (I. Professor function of primary electron energy is presented for a und Direktor des Instituts fur physikalische Cheniie und variety of surfaces in the form of curves and summarized ill Elektroclieniie der Techiiischen Hoclischule Hannover. a well-referenced table. This is followed by details on conSDringer-l7erlag. Heidelberger Platz 3 . Berlin-m’ilmersstruction and propcrties of some special compounds anti d k f , berman):’ 1958. xiY+ 747 pp.‘ 16.5 X 23.5 cin. alloys of high yield, such as silver-magnesium and copperPrice, DM 97.50. beryllium. Different mechanical forms of multipliers, with and without focusing properties, are described together with The senior authors of this book, Professors H. Simon of spectral sensitivity, amplification factor, dark current, Berlin and R . Suhrmann of Hannover, have attempted in noise, and other properties. X final table lists more ~0111one volume a complete presentation of all available information concerning the photoelectric effect and its various appli- xnercially available photomultiplier tubes than this reviewcr ever knew existed, All their important characteristics are cations to basic research and to technology. I n order to included (223 references, with titles!). cope with the complexity of such a task, five specialists have In Chapter VI1 (132 pages), W. Leo and R . Suhrmat1n are contributed the 12 chapters of the Book. I n a brief “Introduction,” Chapter I ( 6 pages), K. Suhr- ciescribiiig “Xetliods and Apparatus for Photoelectric Measmann describes the various photoelectric effects based 011 urenients.” X good deal of space is devoted primarily to phenomenology rather than on modern theory of solid state classical electrical and electronic measuring tcchniques, containing some useful hints. I n contrast, the remainder of physics. His use of the term photo-electromotive force, for the chapter goes into worthwhile detail with respect to the example, in this connection is confusing and basically meanprocedures necessary for the determination of both relative ingless (43 basic references). and absolute spectral sensitivity curves (115 references). From the point of view of the researcher, the next two The “Applications of the Photocell t o Photometry” are chapters constitute the important part of the book. I n Chapter I1 (133 pages), on “The Laws of the External discussed by W.Leo and R . Suhrmann in Chapter VI11 (88 pages, 91 references). Photoelectric Effect,” R . Surhmann tries to organize a n enormous amount of data into a reasonably self-consistent “.lpplications of the Photocell in Electron-optical Image and readable presentation of the material, a herculean and Tubes and in >;-Kay Image Amplifiers” are briefly treated perhzps somcrvhat thankless task in the absence o f a suiEhy F. Eckart in Chapter I X (35 pages). T h c hasic aspects
