From Caveman to Chemist - ACS Publications - American Chemical

Harry Hertz from NIST, and Cliff Narquis from. BP Research for helpful information and discus sions. References. (1) Grasselli, J. G. In Analytical Ap...
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t h e - a r t analytical science. In mat­ ters of environmental concern, ana­ lytical chemistry will be the solution, not the problem.

Much of the substance of this paper came from work published and presented over the years by the late L. B. Rogers, who was Emeritus Profes­ sor at the University of Georgia. In particular, his work as chair of the ACS Division of Analyt­ ical C h e m i s t r y ' s Subcommittee for Public Awareness resulted in a paper presented at the Atlanta ACS meeting in April 1991 from which I have abstracted many thoughts. I am deeply grateful to Buck for sharing his wisdom and perceptions with me. I would also like to thank Tim Collette, Bill Donaldson, and Don Gurka from the EPA, Harry Hertz from NIST, and Cliff Narquis from BP Research for helpful information and discus­ sions.

References

(1) Grasselli, J. G. In Analytical Applica­ tions of Spectroscopy II; Davies, A.M.C.; Creaser, C. S., Eds.; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, U.K., 1991. (2) Hertz, H. S. Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 76 A. (3) Pimentel, G. "Opportunities in Chem­ istry," National Academy of Sciences: Washington, DC, 1985. (4) Collette, T. W., EPA, personal com­ munication, Aug. 1991.

(5) Donaldson, W. T., EPA, personal com­ munication, Aug. 1991. (6) Roberts, L. Science 1990, 249, 616. (7) Covello, V. T. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 1444. (8) Baker, J. K. Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 779 A. (9) Wilson, R.; Crouch, E.A.C. In Cancer Risk Assessment; Travis, C. C, Ed.; Ple­ num: New York, 1988; p. 183. (10) Rogers, L. B. Presented at the Na­ tional Meeting of the American Chemi­ cal Society, Atlanta, GA, April 1991. (11) Rogers, L. B. CHEMTECH 1991, 21(4) 229. (12) Cinman, B.D. Science 1972, 174, 495. (13) Ames, B. N.; Gold, L. S. Chem. Eng. News Jan. 7, 1991, p. 28. (14) Travis, C. C; Hattemer-Frey, H. A. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1988, 22, 873. (15) Stanko, G. H.; Hewitt, R. W. Pre­ sented at the 12th Annual EPA Confer­ ence on Analysis of Pollutants in the Environment, Norfolk, VA, May 1989. (16) Richardson, S. D.; Thurston, A. D., Jr.; Collette, T. W.; McGuire, J. M. Envi­ ron. Toxicol. Chem. 1991, 10, 991. (17) Gurka, D. F., EPA, personal commu­ nication, Aug. 1991. (18) White, R. M.; Rod, S. R. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1990, 24, 460. (19) Corporate Environmental Management, An Executive Survey; Booz-Allen and Hamilton: Bethesda, MD, 1991. (20) Callis, J. B.; Illman, D. L.; Kowalski, B. R. Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 624 A. (21) Turner, S.; Steel, Ε. Β. Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 868.

From Caveman to Chemist Circumstances and Achievements

(22) Responsible Care—Progress Report, Chemical Manufacturers Association: Washington, DC, 1991.

Jeannette G. Grasselli is a Distinguished Visiting Professor and Director of Re­ search Enhancement at Ohio University. Previously she was a research director in BP America's R&D department. She re­ ceived her B.S. degree in chemistry from Ohio University and her M.S. degree from Case Western Reserve University. She has also received honorary D.Sc. degrees from Ohio University (1978) and Clarkson University (1986) as well as an honorary D.Engr. degree from Michigan Techno­ logical University (1989). In 1986 she re­ ceived the ACS Garvan Medal, and in 1991 she was the first woman elected to the Ohio Science and Technology Hall of Fame.

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hat was the connection between early chemistry and magic? What was the logic that made alchemists think they could make gold out of lead? Why were gases not recognized until the 17th century? Why did it take 49 years before Avogadro's hypothesis was accepted? , In From Caveman to Chemist, author Hugh Salzberg traces the oddities of chem­ istry, examining cultural and political influ­ ences on the ideas of chemists. He follows the evolution of chemistry from the Stone Age beginnings of ceramics and metallurgy, through the rise and decline of alchemy, to the culmination of classical chemistry in the late 19th century. Chapters 1 through 9 lead from prehistoric technology, through ancient and medieval science to the study of chemicals and reactions that resulted in the 16th century birth of scientific chemistry. Subsequent chapters focus on key chemists such as Sala, Boyle, Black, Lavoisier, Dalton. Berzelius, Laurent, and Arrhenius as they developed the ideas that led to classical chemistry and the concepts of molecules, chemical reactions, homology, valence, and molecular formulas and structures, among others. Twenty topical illustrations enhance the text. Six timelines and two maps help readers understand the influences of early history on chemistry. Hugh W. Salzberg 300 pages (1991) Clothbound: ISBN 0-8412-1786-6 Paperbound: ISBN 0-8412-1787-4 $24.95 $14.95 Order from: American Chemical Society, Distribution Office, Dept. 8 8 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036

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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 64, NO. 13, JULY 1, 1992 · 685 A