Peb., 1919
T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y
I n addition to the metals and the better known commodities, the export and import restrictions have been lifted on vegetable oils, flaxseed, castor beans, castor oil, tanning materials, and many other commodities. Official‘; here are convinced that no great difficulty will be found by privately owned sulfuric acid plants in placing a normal output. The fear expressed in some quarters that there is to be considerable “withering” of the industry is not justified by bird’s-eyeview of the industry, which is obtainable by the Government’s sulfuric acid specialists. The absorption of Army chemists by the industries did not proceed as rapidly during the past month as was expected. On the other hand, chemists were released from the service in larger numbers than had been anticipated, with the result that there is a surplus of chemists a t this time. This condition is regarded as temporary. The Chemical Warfare Service is keeping a record of positions and of men released who desire emp1oymt:nt. Every effort is being made to be helpful to the chemists who have contributed so importantly toward the success of the service. The Chemical Warfare Service still has work for a good many men. It will require several months to complete the research being macle for the Navy. Others are required to make reports and get the records into shape so as to make them available and valuable for reference. Reasons for continuing the Chemical Warfare Service as a permanent branch of the War Department were presented to the House Committee on Appropriations b y Gen. Wm. I,. Sibert. In part, he said: An organization of this kind vould have as its biggest element a research branch, the function of which branch would he t o keep abreast of the times in all of the chemical appliances or substances necessary or usefui in war and, if the use o€ gas is continued or authorized, the training of troops in the use of gas masks and things of that sort. T h a t would he a part of its functions, hut whether gas is used or not there are other chemical substances, such as smokes, that have a tactical use in warfare and the use of which is growing. I refer t o the making of screens behind which troops can advance. W e would also have a proving ground force in connection with
169
our research force t o try out appliances that were developed either in our own laboratories or found abroad.
A total of $100,827,611.32 was expended by the Navy Department €or chemicals and explosives during 1918, according to the report of the chief of the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts. Some of the expenditures were as follows: linseed oil, $228,743; castor oil, $160,340;ammonium picrate, $z,go4,000;chemicals for gas shells, $327,000; anhydrous ammonia, $86,748.26; chloride of ammonia, $ ~ ~ , o z o . ~ calcium o; carbide, $28,745 ; carbon tetrachloride, $45,100; hydrogen gas, $22,460; oxygen gas, $29,898; glycerin, $208,807; nitrating cotton, $394,980; platinum and iridium, $149,868; soda ash, $16,593;mercury, $3,569,892. Acids were used as follows: Carbolic.. , . . . . . , , , , Hydrochloric. . . , , . . Hydrofluoric,,. , . , , , Nitric.. . . . , . . , . , , , Oxalic, . . . . . , . , , . Sulfuric: Fsming.. , . . , . . . , 60’ Baumk.. . . , . , 66’ RaumC. . . , , , GOo BaumC. , . . , . , I
I
250,000 pounds 205,800 pounds 117,200 pounds 5.5,658 pounds 200 pounds 35,100 tons
1,156,780 pounds
28,900 tons 17,200 tons
$
97,500.00 6,159.00 13,177.50 8 ,857 .7 7 97.50
1,666,700.00
!9,076.00 804,160.00 311,’400.00
Applications for the use of enemy-owned or controlled dye patents are being filed with the Federal Trade Commission in iiicreasing number. Following its first applications for twelve dye patent licenses, E. I. du Pont de Nemours 82 Company, Wilmington, Del., has filed with the Commission applications covering 148 additional patents on dyes, processes for making them, or otherwise related t o their manufacture. At the same time, the Arma Engineering Company, N. Y. C., asked for licenses t o use eleven patents covering manufacture of navigation instruments; the Phenarsenyl Distributing Company, N. Y . C., applied for two medical licenses; the Takamine Laboratory, Inc., K.Y. C., applied for a license covering rnanufacture of “C, C-Dialkyl-Barbituric Acid;” and the receivers of the Camden Iron Works applied for a license t o use a “Hydraulic Press” patent. The Commission is considering the merits of the applications.
INDUSTRIAL NOTES The H. K. Mulford Company has purchased the Metropolitan Building, Broad and Wallace Streets, Philadelphia. The price paid for the building, which is I O stories high, occupying a lot I O O by .+ooEt., according to report was $1,2oo,ooo.The entire building will be devoted to the manufacture .of pharmaceutical preparations. The floor area is 40,000 sq. f t . on each of its I O floors, equivalent to 9 acres. The American Castor Oil Co., Colcord Building, Oklahoma City, Okla., recently organized with a capital of $IOO,OOO, i s planning For the construction of a new plant t.o cost about $jo,ooo. 1 t . k proposed to install machinery to provide for a capacity of about I O tons every 24 hours. Director Clarke, of the New York State Museum, made an intensive !jtudy of the graphite deposits in the ildirondacks in the summer of 1917and published a report. Harold E. Xlling, of the mu:;eum’s staff, who was given the field work upon which the report was based, made a thorough personal investigation of 19 out of 24 known deposits of graphite in the Champlain counties, :some of which have been worked for 40 years profitably, while others have been failures, and t o his observation has added exhaustive study of all literature and geological research and discussion. The bulletin comprises 1 5 0 pages. The Gulf Reduction Co., Pensacola, Fla., has filed articles of incorporation with a capital of $200,ooo to engage in the manufacture of dyestuffs, etc. C. G. Rives, Jr., is president; I,. Lavedan, of Camp Walton, Fla., vice president; and William Fisher, Pensacola, secretary-treasurer. A plan to establish a medicinal plant garden in the forest preserves has been laid before the preserve commissioners of Cook County, Illinois, by Prof. Edward N. Gathercoal, instructor of pharmacognosy of the University of Illinois. Such a garden, the professor says, would tend to relieve the shortage of drugs. Plans have been filed by the General Chemical Company for the construction of a new two-story plant a t Laurel Hill, Long Island. The cost of the structure will be $35,000. It will replace the office building and laboratory recently destroyed by fire with a loss of $ro,ooo.
The Salt Lake Potash Co., of Salt Lake City, Utah, has applied t o the state engineer for the use of water from Great Salt Lake, t o be used between March I and September I of each year, in “the production of salt and other valuable mineral products” which the waters contain. The plans of the company contemplate a large project. About 3,500 acres will be used for evaporating. Further details have not yet been announced. The County Syndicate Aktiebolag has petitioned the Swedish government for permission to make j,ooo,ooo liters (1,32 1,000 gal.) of alcoholic spirit from white moss, of which there are enormous quantities available. The quality of such alcohol is said to be very good, and it costs less per liter than spirit made from grain or potatoes, and can easily be denatured. The petition proposes that the alcohol be manufactured under official supervision and that the government be taken in as partner. Extensive deposits of high-grade bauxite in British Guiana were reported in 1897 and 1910. The British government required that any company working these deposits must be under its control, this requirement being met b y an American company a€ter lung negotiations. The first cargoes were recently mined and shipped from the colony. Further deposits have been located in French and Dutch Guiana and it is believed that this strip of South America contains the most extensive deposits of aluminum ore accessible to ocean transportation. A discovery of French chemists is that by coating the interior of containers with aluminum paint the accumulation of deposits which come from hard water may be prevented. Importation of crude saltpeter during the first eight months of last year amounted to 1,900,032 lhs., against 7,529,180 lbs. in the same time the preceding year, and 9,258,084 lbs. in the corresponding period two years previous. The picric acid plant now in course of construction in North Brunswick, Ga., mill be completed, according to Washington reports, and will be used to manufacture dyestuffs, fertilizer, and other by- products of the process of picric acid manufacture
170
T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y
LIST OF APPLICATIONS MADE
TO THE
11,
No.
2
FEDERAL TRADECOMMISSION FOR LICENSESUNDER ENEMY CONTROLLED PATENTSPURSUANT TO THE “TRADING WITH
PAT. No. 1,116,398
PATENTER Paul Ehrlich and Alfred Bertheim, Frankfort on theMain, Germany
THE ENEMY ACT’’ ASSIGN~E Farbwerke vorm. Meister, Lucius & Bruning, HBchston-the-Main, Germany
PATENT Dihydrochlorid of diaminodioxyarsenobenzene.
1911
986,148
Paul Ehrlich and Alfred Bertheim, Frankfort - on - theMain, Germany
Farbwerke vorm. Meister, Lucius & Brtming, H6chston-the-Main, Germany
Derivative of oxyarylarsinic acids and process of making same
1914
1,099,108
Chemische Fabrik GriesheimElektron, Frankfort on the-Main, Germany
Producing ice colors
1914
1,121,026
1914
1,122,564
Adolf Winther, August Leopold Laska, Arthur Zitscher, Felix Kunert, and Edwin Acker, Offenbach - on - t h e Main, Germany August Leopold Laska and Arthur Zitscher, Offenbachon-the-Main, Germany Arthur Zitscher, Felix Kunert, and Edwin Acker, Offenbach-on-the-Main, Germany
Chemische Fabrik GriesheimElektron, Frankfort on the-Main. Germanv Chemische Fabrik GriesheimElektron, Frankfort on the-Main, Germany
1909
910,889
Azo dyes from the arylamids of 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid and process of making them Condensation products from the arylamids of 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid and formaldehyde and azo dyestuffs therefrom and process of making same Stable indigo-white and process of making same
1912
1,027,836
1912
1,036,241
1914
1,106,970
1903
733,280
1914
1903
Copyright Registratton No 10633 C l a k A’ 1 C 739,579
1906
828,778
Roland H. Scholl, Katlsruhe, Germany
1907
845,129
1907
856,811
Roland H. Scholl, Karlsruhe, and Max A. Kunz, Mannheim, Germany Roland H . Scholl, Karlsruhe, Germany
1908
876,810
1911
1,003,124
YEAR 1914
Vol.
-
-
Robert Wimmer, Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine, Germany Wilhelm Gaus, Ludwigshafenon-the-Rhine, Germany Henry Stalay, Arthur Holt, Ludwigshafen on the Rhine, and Otto Schmidt, Mannheim, Germany Karl Reinking and Armand Julius Stiegelmann, Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine, Germany Karl Schirmacher, Soden, Germany
-
-
Franz Siemenroth, Germany
-
-
Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen-onthe-Rhine. Germanv Radische Anilin IL Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen-onthe-Rhine, Germany Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen - onthe-Rhine, Germany Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen-onthe-Rhine, ’Germany Farbwerke vorm. Meister, Lucius Rr Brlining, HBchston-the-Main, Germany
Rerlin,
R e d Bohn, Mannheim, Germany
Max A. Kunz, Germany
-
Mannheim,
Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen onthe-Rhine, Germany Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen-onthe-Rhine, Germany Radische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen onthe-Rhine, Germany Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen onthe-Rhine, Germany Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Ludwigshafen onthe-Rhine, Germany
Otto Rohm, Darmstadt. Germany
Synthetic olive oil, placed on the market recently, has met with favor and has been endorsed by the U. S. Conditioning and Testing Co. It is similar to a pure, technical olive oil, its saponification and iodine values being identical with those of olive oil. The manufacture of “engalith” has been undertaken recently in England by three compa2ies. This is the same substance as the composition known as galalith” in Germany which is an excellent substitute for celluloid although i t cannot be used for very thin articles. It is produced in rods, tubes, and sheets, and in sixty different colors, and is used for a great variety of articles such as buttons, combs, beads, carriage and motor fittings, etc. Experiments in making paper with sawdust have been carried out successfully in Aberdeen, Scotland, and have aroused considerable interest in Great Britain. These experiments were begun because of the increasing scarcity of wood pulp, which had to be imported, and the consequent shortage of paper. Wood flour, made by grinding sawdust, has been used for several years in a number of manufactures, but its possibilities for making paper had not been investigated. Paper is now being made containing 35 per cent sawdust, 30 per cent waste paper, and 35 per cent imported wood pulp, and is reported to be entirely satisfactory for newspapers. The imports of arsenic for the first 1 1 months in 1918were 5,048 short tons, 3,480 tons of which came from Mexico, 1,566 tons from Canada, and the rest from England and Australla. The total imports for the year will be about 5,600 tons. There was also imported $19,838 worth of sheep dip containing ,arsenic, but no Paris green or London purple.
-
-
Reducing matters
indigo coloring
APPLICANT Phenarsenyl Distributing Company of New York, Inc. 154 Nassau St., New York City Phenarsenyl Distributing Company of New York, Inc., 154 Nassau St., New York City E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del.
E. I. du Pont de Nemours Co., Wilmington,
Dei.
&
E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del.
E. I. du Pont de Nemours Co., Wilmington, Del.
E. I. du Pont de Nemours
& &
Co., Wilmington, Del.
Aromatic ammonium compounds and process of making same
E. I. du Pont d e Nemours
Compounds of leuco vat dyes with aralkyl compounds and process of making same Red azo dye and process of making same
E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. Central Dyestuff & Chemical Company, Newark, N. J.
Die Organischen Geschmacksstoffe, von Dr. Georg Cohn
The John Crerar Chicago, Ill.
Blue coloring matter
E. I. d u Pont de Nemours
&
Com ound of the anthraq u k o n e series and process of makine same Process of preparing anthraquinone compounds
E. I . du Pont de Nemours Co , Wilmington, Del.
&
E. I. du Pont de Nemonrs
&
Dye of the anthraquinone series and process of maktng same Anthracene dye and process of making same
E. I. du Pont de Nemours
&
Process of bating hides
E. C. Klipstein
&
Co., Wilmington, Del.
Library,
Co., Wilmington, Del.
-
Co., Wilmington, Del.
Co., Wilmington, Del.
E. I. du Pont de Nemours
&
Co., Wilmington, Del. & Sons Co. 644 Greenwich St., New York City
The Government has made arrangements to get sufficient nitrate of soda to supply farmers with the amounts they require for fertilizer during 1919. The price will be $81 per short ton, free on board cars a t the loading point or port. In addition, the farmer will be obliged to pay the freight charges to unloading point and incidental expenses that he incurs in connection with the delivery of the nitrate. Early in the year application blanks will be sent to county agents and local committees. The distribution will be made under the direction of the Bureau of Markets under the Food Control Act. The Department of Agriculture has made a survey of supplies of nitrate and the indications are that there will be sufficient to meet reasonable requirements during the coming year. Experts of the War Trade Board are now in Alsace to make arrangements for ships which have heretofore returned from France in ballast, after carrying over supplies for the Army, to load potash for the United States. According to Edward N. Hurley, chairman of the U. S . Shipping Board, the United States requires between 500,000 and 600,000 tons of potash, and he said he believed the Alsatian deposits would fully meet the requirements. The Aniline Dyes and Chemicals, Inc., Cedar and Washington Streets, New York City, has applied to have its capital stock increased from $8oo,ooo to $I,OOO,OOO. It is stated that the increased capital is to be used in a general expansion of the business of the company. The Flint Varnish and Color Works, Toronto, are establishing a research laboratory in connection with their plant. The work is being organized by Mr. H. F. Blake, of Flint, Mich., as chief chemist.
Feb., 1919
T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y
The Will Corporation, of Rochester, N. Y., announces the purchase of the stock of chemical apparatus, bacteriological apparatus, chemical reagents, and other laboratory supplies owned by the Bausch& Lomb Optical Co., of Rochester. The Will Corporation formerly operated a research and industrial laboratory, but will now make a specialty of laboratory apparatus, and has taken over the force heretofore connected with this branch of the Bausch & Lomb Optical Company. Twenty companies for the manufacture and distribution of drugs, chemicals, and dyes were organized during December, their aggregate authorized capitalization being $6,14J,OOO, according to figures compiled by the Journal of Commerce. This figure represents an increase as compared with $3,870,000 in November and appears as the largest total for any month since March 1918. The indicated investment for the 1 2 months of last year is $73,403,000, as compared with $146,160,000in 1917 and $99~44,000 in 1916. The aggregate authorized capital of new drug and chemical companies formed since the beginning of the war in August 1914,t o the end of 1918, is shown to be $401,210,000.The names of the companies with capitaliza.tion of $50,000 and over, which were incorporated in December, are: Ambrine Laboratories, Inc., N. Y., $ Z ~ O , O O O ; American Remedies Co., Del., $300,000; American Potash and Fertilizer Co., N. J., $600,000; Aspirin Company of America, N. J., $125,000; Allen Pharmacal Co., N. J., $IOO,OOO; du Pont Chemical Co., Del., $3,600,000; H. & H. Medical Specialty Co., N. Y., $50,000; Koppers Products C o , Del., &jo.ooo; K. T. C. Chemical Corporation, N. Y., $go,ooo; Kinsey Chemical Co., N: J., $IOO,OOO; Laboratory Products Co., N. Y., $ Z ~ O , O O O ; Laxcarin Products Co., Del., $roo,ooo;Nono Laboratories Co., W. Va., $IOO,OOO; Panvar Co., Del., $roo,ooo; Pacific Herb Products Co., Wash., $50,000; Pittsfield Chemical Co., Pa., $140,000; Spanish American Druggist Corporation, N. Y., $IOO,OOO; Standard Chemical Works, Pa., $IOO,OOO; Victory Drug & Chemical Corporation, N. Y., $roo,ooo; Washington Dye and Chemical Co., N. Y., $rgo,ooo. The Monsanto Chemical Works, of St. Louis, Mo., have purchased the Four story and basement brick and stone building a t IZ Platt Street, New York City. The building is near the present offices and headquarters which the company maintain a t I Platt Street and over which A. C. Robertson has presided as New York manager for a number of years. It is the expectation of the Monsanto Chemical Works to occupy its new premises on or about May I. The Monsanto Company intends to use the building as a permanent New York office, and will make some improvements. Balfour, Guthrie & Co., of San Francisco, Cal., have erected a warehouse a t Lindsay, Cal., in the heart of the Northern Californi~citrus district, and will deal in insecticides. Chemicals will be shipped in tank cars and distributed from there. The business will be in charge of Mr. Paul R. Jones. The Standard Oil Company of California has developed an improved process of refining lubricants which it is expected will be adopted by all other Standard Companies. The new refining agent used is known as Death Valley clay, the deposit being located in Death Valley. The clay is said to have five times the effectiveness of fuller’s earth, now in general use. This company controls a large deposit and has expended about $ 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 in surface improvements. It has equipped its plant a t El Secunda, Cal., €or the use of the new process and will shortly make the needed changes a t its Richmond, Cal., plant. The United States Civil Service Commission announces an open competitive examination for assistant curator, for men only, on February 5 and 6, 1919. A vacancy in the Department of Geology, National Museum, Washington, D. C., a t $1,800 a year, and future vacancies requiring similar qualifications, a t this or higher or lower entrance salaries, will be filled from this examination, unless it is found in the interest of the service to fill any vacancy by reinstatement, transfer, or promotion. It is desired to secure men thoroughly conversant with the most recent methods, and qualified to undertake independent, original investigation in mineralogy and petrology. A report from Salt Lake City dated December 26, said: “With an authorized capitalization of $I I,OOO,OOO, articles of incorporation for the Liberty Potash Company have been drafted and made ready for official recording with the secretary of the State of Utah. One million dollars of the capital stock has been set apart as preferred, and is held almost entirely by men prominent in commercial affairs of Utah and Wyoming. The remaining stock is common. The Liberty Potash Company has been formed for the purpose of producing potash from mineral deposits in the leucite hills of Wyoming, where a mineral known as Wyomingite occurs in immense quantities a t Superior, near Green River, Wyoming.
I71
The U. S. Copper Products Corporation, Cleveland, O., expects t o manufacture brass and copper tubing and their new mill is now under construction on West 73rd Street, south of Denison Avenue, Cleveland. It will be a thoroughly modern type of mill for the production of seamless tubing, electric furnaces being used for melting. This company is incorporated for a million and a half and expects t o expend on its first unit approximately $600,000. The Canadian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research have under consideration plans involving the erection of a $5oo,ooo central laboratory building to house some fifty laboratories. It is planned t o make this building the heart of a great central industrial research institute, similar in function to the Bureau of Standards a t Washington and the Mellon Institute a t Pittsburgh. It is hoped that the scheme, which is considered essential to the future industrial development of the Dominion and the ability of the country to compete on an equal basis with the other industrial nations of the world, will provide modern scientific equipment for the investigation of Canada’s raw materials. It will serve as a national laboratory for the fixing of standards of all kinds, for the testing of materials, and for the devising of methods of utilizing by-products of industry a t present wasted. With a view to ascertaining the location and resources of all laboratories in the United States capable of being used in industrial research work, Mr. Alfred D. Flinn, secretary of the Engineering Foundation, is seeking all available information regarding them on behalf of the joint committee of the Engineering and National Research Council on Promotion of Industrial Research. Readers having laboratories not already listed by the Engineering Foundation are asked as a patriotic duty to communicate with Mr. Flinn a t 33 West 39th St., New York City. The capital stock of the Scottish Canadian Magnesite Co., Ltd., Hull, Que., has been increased from $600,000 to $I,OOO,OOO. France has formed a combine, with a capital of 40,000,000 francs, for the manufacture of all chemicals. It has already a factory capable of producing 2,000 tons of indigo annually and is independent of Germany for chemical and dye products: A Canadian Laboratory Supply Co., Ltd., with headquarters a t Toronto, has been recently organized to meet the needs of Canadian research and industrial laboratories. The executive officers are Mr. F. G. McKay, president; Mr. J. H. Wilson, vice president and general manager; and H. B. Hall, secretarytreasurer. The Southern Cottrell Precipitation Company has been organized a t Chattanooga by W. G. Waldo, Morrow Chamberlain, P. J. Kruesi, and others, to operate in the central southern states for recovering by-products. It is reported that the first installation will be made a t a furnace a t Rockdale, Tenn. A company known as the Malmundersokning has recently been formed in Helsingfors to study Finland’s mineral deposits, known but unexploited, and to make a complete survey for new deposits. The majority of shares in this company has been taken by Finland’s Industrial Bureau and the Krupp Company of Essen. The Bureau of Standards has published a “Metric Manual for Soldiers,” the aim of which is to give to the American soldiers the grasp of the metric system which will enable them to think and work in metric units. As recommended, no tables of equivalents need be memorized. Brief tables and vocabulary are given for reference. The units are described by actual examples likely to be encountered in military work. Spain has called for bids on concessions to work the Catalonia potash beds. Consul-General Hurst cabled from Barcelona, under date of December 2 5 , that the Spanish government has published detailed conditions for bids on concessions to work the potash beds of Catalonia, which will be received from Spanish and foreign companies or parties until February 14 a t Instituto Geologico de Espana a t Madrid. The end of hostilities is making no difference in the research plant for fixation of atmospheric nitrogen which has been established a t the Arlington Farms Laboratory. This is really the test plant for the big plants established at Sheffield, Ala., a t a cost of more than a hundred million dollars. The work a t the Arlington Laboratory is on synthetic ammonia and is being done by the Bureau of Ordnance which took over the experiments started by Frederick W. Brown, in charge of fertilizer investigations for the Bureau of Soils, U. S.Department of Agriculture. The Warren Chemical Co., of Newark, has been incorporated under the laws of New Jersey with a capital of $100,000. Incorporators are John Burstein, Benjamin Burstein, Samuel C. Burstein, of Newark.
