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Voltammetric Determination of the Iodide/Iodine Formal Potential and Triiodide Stability Constant in Conventional and Ionic Liquid Media Cameron Luke Bentley, Alan M Bond, Anthony F. Hollenkamp, Peter John Mahon, and Jie Zhang J. Phys. Chem. C, Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b07484 • Publication Date (Web): 03 Sep 2015 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on September 8, 2015
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The Journal of Physical Chemistry
Voltammetric Determination of the Iodide/Iodine Formal Potential and Triiodide Stability Constant in Conventional and Ionic Liquid Media
Cameron L. Bentley,†,‡ Alan M. Bond,† Anthony F. Hollenkamp,‡,* Peter J. Mahon§,* and Jie Zhang†
†
School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia ‡
§
CSIRO Energy, Box 312, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
1 ACS Paragon Plus Environment
The Journal of Physical Chemistry
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Abstract. The iodide/triiodide/iodine (I‒/I3‒/I2) redox system has been the subject of electrochemical investigations for well over half a century and remains a contemporary research interest due to the integral role of the I‒/I3‒ couple in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) technology. In this study, we have calculated the formal potential (E0’) of the I‒/I2 process and the stability constant (Kstab) of I3‒ in two protic solvents (water and ethanol), two aprotic solvents (acetonitrile and propylene carbonate), eight aprotic ionic liquids (AILs) and one protic ionic liquid (PIL) using the voltammetric methodology developed herein. Furthermore, using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazlium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (abbr. [C2mim][NTf2]) as a ‘model’ ionic liquid-based DSSC electrolyte system, we have also investigated the influence of three common additives/impurities in DSSCs (i.e., tertbutylpyridine, Li+ and water) on the parameters E0’(I‒/I2) and Kstab and characterized two analogous redox systems, Br‒/Br3‒/Br2 and SeCN‒/(SeCN)3‒/(SeCN)2. E0’(I‒/I2) and Kstab(I3‒) increase in the order ethanol ≈ acetonitrile < propylene carbonate < AILs < PIL < water; and water < ethanol ≈ PIL < acetonitrile ≈ AILs < propylene carbonate, respectively. In the presence of the additives/impurities (see above), E0’(I‒/I2) and Kstab increase in the order 0.5 M tert-butylpyridine < neat [C2mim][NTf2] ≈ 0.3 M Li+ < 2 wt% water and 0.5 M tert-butylpyridine
