NEWS OF THE WEEK
JAPAN SHINES
JAPANESE COMPANY EARNINGS Profits surge at Toray, Sumitomo, and Shin-Etsu in fiscal first-half
FIRST-HALF RESULTS: Profits at t o p
SALES
chemical makers keep on rising
H
OW LONG WILL IT LAST? No one knows for sure, but the financial results of top Japanese chemical companies keep improving. Buoyed by the strength of the economy in Japan and in the rest of the world, Shin-Etsu Chemical, Sumitomo Chemical, and Asahi Kasei reported record profits in the first half of the fiscal year that ends on March 31, 2007. Net earnings rose 35% at both Shin-Etsu and Sumitomo and 14% at Asahi. Shin-Etsu's recent results make it likely the company will post its 12th straight year of record earnings when it reports in the spring. Profits in its polyvinyl chloride business improved owing to strong demand in Europe and North America. Demand for its silicon wafers was also strong as a result of high semiconductor usage by the mobile phone, computer, and automobile industries. Toray posted a remarkable 68% improvement in net profit, due largely to an almost 50% jump in operating income in the company's carbon fiber business. Boeing is one of Toray's main customers for this material. Teijin, another manufacturer of fibers and plastics, saw its net income surge 37%. The company credits its business in high-performance materials, particularly carbon fiber and j>-aramid fibers. With its relatively low profit margin of 2.4%, Mitsui Chemicals looks like it's missing the boat. However, Credit Suisse research analyst Masami Sawato expects Mitsui's profits will rise in the coming months. The company is meeting its cost-control targets. Moreover, as often happens in Japan, Mitsui delivers petrochemical products to its customers before prices are ironed out. Mitsui's recent price increases are
EARNINGS3
($ MILLIONS)
Asahi Kasei Dainippon JSR Mitsubishi Mitsui Shin-Etsu Sumitomo Teijin Tokyo Ohka Toray
$6,516.5 4,200.9 1,517.3 10708.2 7,068.3 5,416.1 7,243.2 4,142.9 429.7 6,324.4
$245.4 90.0 146.5 525.0 172.0 635.1 451.6 162.6 33.1 2377
CHANGE FROM 2005 EARNINGS SALES
70% -3.6 10.6 11.3 20.2 19.4 24.1 8.8 6.8 9.9
13.9% nm 13.6 34.5 17.9 34.7 35.4 37.2 24.6 67.5
PROFIT MARGINb 2006
3.8% 2.1 9.7 4.9 2.4 11.7 6.2 3.9 77 3.8
2005
3.5% nm 9.4 4.1 2.5 10.4 5.7 3.1 6.6 2.5
NOTE: Monetary figures were calculated at the Sept. 29 exchange rate of $1.00 = 117.99 yen. a After-tax earnings, b After-tax earnings as percentage of sales, nm = not meaningful.
therefore not fully reflected in its results, he says. Exceptional items affected performance significantly at a few companies. At Mitsubishi Chemical, net profit rose 35% even though operating income sagged 21% owing to an inability to pass on high feedstock prices. The company achieved the feat by recording a gain on the sale of securities. Similarly, net income rose 35% at Sumitomo even though operating income climbed just 20%. Sumitomo profitably sold shares in GlaxoSmithKline's Japanese unit. Unlike in the mid- and late-i990s, when most Japanese chemical companies were just getting by, the languishing ones are the exceptions now. Profit margins have risen to 12% at Shin-Etsu, 10% at electronic materials firm JSR, and 6% at Sumitomo. Cash reserves are particularly healthy. Shin-Etsu harbors $3.4 billion in its cashbox; Sumitomo, almost $1 billion; and JSR, close to $500 million. At electronic materials producer Tokyo Ohka Kogyo, cash-on-hand is the equivalent of one-third of annual sales. ShinEtsu has said it hopes to use its cash hoard to acquire companies. As to the others, their intentions are less clear.—JEAN-FRANÇOIS TREMBLAY
ENERGY RAND paints scenarios for big gains in renewable energy without new costs Renewable sources of energy could meet 25% of U.S. demand for electricity and motor fuels by 2025 with little additional costs, says a study by RAND Corp. released last week. Currently, renewable energy sources provide about 6 % of U.S. energy. To generate renewable energy without new costs, however, fossil fuels must remain relatively expensive—at least $54 per barrel—and renewable energy production costs must fall about 2 0 % between now and 2025, the report determined. Both assumptions match govern-
ment predictions and historical trends, the report says. The study considered renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, hydropower, geothermal, and biomass for electricity generation and the use of agricultural products and cellulose-based biomass to produce the motor fuel ethanol. The increase in renewable energy for electricity and motor fuels means that 18% of all energy would be from renewable sources by 2025. RAND researchers conducted some 1,500 runs of simulation models to come up with their scenarios.
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The renewable energy increase, the report estimates, would cut carbon dioxide emissions by 1 billion tons a year by 2025, a reduction of 15% from U.S. C0 2 emissions projected for that time. The report notes that 20 states have widely varying renewable energy standards—from Arizona's requirement that 1 % of its energy be from solar by 2012 to New York's target of 25% renewable electricity by 2013. RAND urges a national renewable energy standard to focus U.S. resources.— JEFF JOHNSON
