REVIEW OF AMERICAN CHEMICAL RESEARCH. VOL. IX.
M. T.Bogert, E. M. Chamot, B. S. Cushman, Benton Dales, I,.M. Dennis, A. H . Gill,
No.
2.
WILLIAMA. NOYES,Editor. REVIEWERS : H. M. Goodwin, W. F. Hillebrand, L. P. Kinnicutt, H. W. Lawson, G. N. Lewis, H. N. McCoy,
A. A . Noyes, J. W. Richards, S. P. Sadtler, J. 0 . Schlotterbeck, W. H. Seaman, F. P. Underhill.
MINERALOGICAL A N D GEOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY. Iowa Geological Survey. VoZ.XZL AnnuaZ Report, 1901. 5 I I pp.-This volume contains statistics of mineral production and reports on the geology of Webster, Henry, Cherokee, Buena Vista, Jefferson, and Wapello counties, by different members of the geological corps. Analyses, but few of which are new, of coals, clays, gypsum, etc., are scattered through the volume. W. F. HILLEBRAND. The Future of the Coal and Coke Supply of British Columbia. BY W. BLAKEMORE.Canadian Mining Rev., 21, 252-254. This article contains a number of analyses of lignites and bituminous coals, some suitable for steaming purposes, others for metallurgical operations requiring coke. W. F. HILLEBRAND. Volcanic Ash in Nebraska Soils. BY E. H. BARBOUR. Ann. Rep. Nebraska State Board of Agric., 1901. pp. 23g-q2.--A brief popular statement relating to the distribution and nature of a white volcanic dust found throughout Nebraska and in adjoining states in geological deposits not earlier than the Oligocene. It is used to some extent for polishing and scouring purposes. W. F. HILLEBRAND. On the New Species Ilelanochalcite and Keweenawite with Notes on Some Other Known Species. BY GEORGEA. KONIG. A m . J Sa*., 14,404-416. MeZanochaZcite. From the exploration shaft of the Calumet and Arizona Copper Mining Co., near Bisbee, Arizona. T h e mineral seems to represent the first stage in the alteration of the cuprite nuclei of certain hard, spheroidal nodules, Next to the cuprite is a thin zone of pitchy-black material (in part lustrous and banded, in part dull and not banded) which shades gradually into the green of malachite and chrysocolla. Notwithstanding the utter lack of crystalline texture,
Review of Americaii Chemical Research.
64
the author believes the black mineral to be, on the basis of three analyses of carefully selected portions varying in purity, from the same specimen, not a mixture of copper carbonate, silicate, and hydroxide, but “the basic salt of an ortho-silico-carbonic acid H,(Si,C)O,, in which Si and C may replace each other within certain limits.” T h e formula ascribed is Cu,(Si,C)O,,C u ( H O ) , . Specific gravity, 4.141 at 2 1 ’ . T h e probable paragenesis of the minerals composing the nodules is also considered. Keweeizawite. In the Mohawk mine, Keweeiiaw County, Michigan, occurs with domeykite, a reddish metallic niineral resembling massive niccolite, and showing the qualitative behavior of mohawkite. Specific gravity, 7.681 a t 20’. The formula derived is (Cu,Si.Co),As in which the relative proportions of Cu,Ni, aud Co may vary. New analyses are given of algodonite, domeykite, and mohawkite, the latter with only 3.32 per cent. of Si Co as against three times as much in the original mohawkite. In addition, several substances from copper mines of Upper Michigan are described, which are either mere niixtures of copper and copper arsenides or possibly alloy-like bodies. For them the author proposes the names nio11an.k-n,hittieyite, mohawk-algodonite, and semi-whitneyite, to be used like rock names and not to designate definite mineral species. Pulveriforni chalcocite is also described from the Champion and Mass mines, being made LIP of microscopic, hexagonal plates or groups of plates. T h e dust soils the fingers like pyrolusite or graphite. \Ir. F. HILT,EBRAXD.
+
Chemical Composition of Dumortierite. BY W. E. FORD. Am. 1.Sa’., 14, 426-430. Boron is found to be an unfailing constituent of dumortierite from all known localities of occurrence. T h e following are the author’s analyses of the niineral from ( I ) Clip, Arizona, specific gravity close to 3.319 ; (2) San Diego, California, specific gravity between 3.226 and 3.43 ; ( 3 ) Harlem, New York, specific gravity between 3.21 I and 3.302.
................... A1,0, .................. Fe,O, .................. B,O, ................... H,O ................... SiO,
I.
11.
111.
29.S6 63.56
30.5s 61.83 0.36 5.93
31.24
0.23
5.26
1.41
2.14
--
--
100.32
I00.8+
61.26 0.10
6.14 2.09
-[[00.831
For reasons set forth the boric oxide and water are regarded as basic, and when the hydrogen equivalents of the R,O, oxides and water are compared with the SiO, the following ratios appear : ( I ) 60 : 6.99, ( 2 ) 60 : 7 . 0 2 , (3) 60 : 7.19. These correspond to an acid of the formula H,Si,O,,. ‘ ‘ and, on the assumption that the hydrogens are wholly replaced by aluminium, the formula
Mizeralogical and Geological Ciiemistry.
65
becomes Al,,Si,O, or developed as a basic orthosilicate, (AlO),, Al,(SiO,) , . ’ I A new occur?.ence of dumortierite is mentioned in this paper, namely, the headwaters of the North Fork of the Washougal River in Skamania County, State of Washington, where it occurs embedded in a light-colored, fine-grained siliceous gangue in the form of small, blue spherules, about I mni. in diameter. W . F. HILLEBRAND. A New Form of Calcite-Sand Crystal. BY EDWINH. BARCASSIUSH. FISHER. A m . /. Sci., 14,451-454.-The new form referred to in the title is found in the Goshen Hole Region, Wyoming. Analysis by Mr. Willis Warner shows about 63 per cent. of sand in these crystals, the balance chiefly calcium carbonate. Analyses by Messrs. Woodruff and Warner of several crystals from the earlier known Washington County, South Dakota, locality, show nearly 64 per cent. of sand to about 36 of readily soluble matter. W. F. HILLEBRAND. BOUR AND
Preliminary Report on the Ketchikan Mining District, Alaska, with an Introductory Sketch of the Geology of Southeastern Alaska. BY ALFRED HULSEBROOKS. U. S. Geol. Survey, Professional Paper No. I. 1 2 0 pp., 2 plates:-Contains a number of assays of gold, silver, and copper ores from various sources, in part from the laboratory of the geological survey. W. F. HTLLEBRAND. Geology and Water Resources of the Snake River Plains of Idaho. BY ISRAEL C. RUSSEL. U. S. Geol. Survey, Bull. 199, 1 9 2 pp., 25 plates.-The geological importance of this report far outweighs that of hydrography. T h e enormous outpourings of lava which cover many hundreds of square miles in Idaho furnished abundant opportunity for a comprehensive discussion of the varied characteristics of lava flows, both in their broader aspects and minor details, and of the causes that gave rise to them. A detailed analysis by the reviewer of a typical basalt from the Cinder Buttes, which are close to the west border of the Snake River Plains, in their widest part, probably indicates about the average composition of all the recent lava discharged from the Cinder Buttes.’’ There is also an analysis by the reviewer of an aeolian soil covering the Snake River Plains at a distance from the mountains, which ‘ I consists essentially of exceedingly fine quartz sand, to which a small percentage of calcium carbonate, together with some vegetable matter, has been added,” a statement contradicted by the analysis, despite the contrary belief of the author. W. F. HILLEBRAND.
