student relate and classify the behavior of the ions with ionic size and the poskion of the parent elements in the t,able and en.,hance the effectiveness of hoth concepts by correlating them. I t is sincerely hoped that the addition of this manual to the "~ackaee" of materinli f w p m r r d chrmihr? in;;trt>uiw I,\ thr.c t w ~ , i u corisf~tl.'m~xlrrr>" .w~rhc,r~ will rwotlnige wme 7hov i ~ d r # ! c . r trs w l m have abandoned qua1 t,o see the error of their ways and restore this highly effective approah for integrating descriptive ehemistry and theory in the elementary chemistry cnrricnlom. Amen.
book reviews F. KIEFFER
Editor: W .
Wooster Woater, Ohio
College of
jf
Qualitative Analyris and the Properties of Ions in Aqueous Solution
Emil J . Slowinski, Macalest,er College, St. Paul, Minn., and William L. Mastertn, University of Connecticut, Storrs. W. B. S~unders Cn., Philadelphia, 196 pp. Figs. nnd tahles. 1971. x 24.7 X 16.7 cm. $4.75. I n the Preface to this t,ext, the aut,hot.s express the same sentimetrt.~which many of us have been expressing far years [see J. CHEM. EDUC.43, 419 (1966)l. We agree that most introduet,ory chemistry courses do not contain enough descriptive chemistry, that descript,ive chemistry is most readily learned in the lnhoratory where chemical? artre act,ually used in carrying out chemical reactions, and that laboratory work on q d i t a t i v e analysis is a valuahle teaching tool for the training of beginning stndents in inorganic descriptive chemistry. The five chapters of their manual discuss the Theory and Practice of &uslit.at.ive Analysis, Lahorstory Procedures, The Cations, The Anions, and Preparzt,ion of Solid Samples for Anal.vsis. Tho Appendix includes a Sommnry of Solubility Propert,ies of Ions and Solids, Answers to Problems, and directions for the Preparation of Reagents. A fairly complete Index concludes the hook. Since the authors' general chemistry text, "Chemical Principles" [see J. CHEM. EDUC.46, 880 (1969)l does not contain moch informst,ion on the propert,ies of ions in solution, a short discussion of the chemical properties of eaoh ion is presented in addition to a det,niled scheme for qnalitstive analysis of t,he 25 cations and 15 anions covered. The scheme of analysis is fairly eonventional, and students are required t,o become familiar wit,h the procedrtro for
each group and then nse that prncedure to find t,he composition !,fan unknown. The principal departure from {.he traditional procedure is t,hnt indead of requiring students t,o analyze group unknowns that. mav contain anv of the ions in the oar-
ALRERTINE KROHN Universitl, of Toledo Toledo, Ohio /t.WOfi
+
-Reviewed
her of ionn chosen from t,wo or more groups. I n these assignments, the student is expected to use his knowledge of the properties of the ions to develop an ahhreviabed scheme of analysis or to set, up his own scheme. A number of assignments of this type is included a t the end of each sect,ion, and a competent inst,roctor could readily devise others. The authors feel that the development of schemes of analyaia nuperimposed a n a stndy of the standard praeedwes "requires the st,udent t,o think a- x chemist rather than to ~ e l y on metbads furnished to him by ofhers," thus adding a worthwhile dimension to the usual course in quslit,st,ive analysis. I n addition to these special Id~oratory assignment,^, each appropriate section is followed by a number of pmhlems. These are arranged in two sets of similar prahlems, with the answers t,o one set given in the Appendix. Since the theory section is rather brief, the st,udent might have to consult, his general chemistry text for t,he mathematical techniqma required for solving some of the quantitative problems, but this should serve to emphasize the fact that there is some connection between lecture and lahorator~ . portions of the eouae. My one crit,icism of t,ho honk is that no attempr is made to tie t,he properties of the ions to t,hcir position in the periodic tahle. No such t,ahle is included, nor is the term even mentioned in the index. In my opinion, this is a most unfortunat,e omission, as i t could he used to help the ~
in this Issue
I
Emil J . Slowinski and William L. Afaste~ton,Qualitrttive Analysis and .. .A675 the Properties of Ions in Aqueous Solution A. F . Wells, Models in Structurd Inorganic Chemistry
David M . Knight, editor, Classical Scientific Papers: Chemistry Norman V . Stewe, editor, CRC Hmdhook of Laboratory Safety
. . .A675 .. .A676 ...A676
James H . O'Donnell and David F . Sangster, Principles of Radiation Chemistry . ..A676
R. B. Cundall and A. Gilberl, Photochemistry: Studies in Modern Chemistry ...A678 New Volumes in Cont,inuing Series
. . .A680
I
II
Models in Structural Inorganic Chemistry
A . F. Wells, University of Connedimt. Oxford University Press, New York, 186 pp. Figs. and tahlen. 1970. xi 23 X 15.3 cm. $8. clothhound; $4. paperbound.
+
Professor Wells has written a fascinating little book as a "practical" companion to his reference work, "Structural Inorganic Chemist,ry." This volnme begins with a. hrief discussion of some of the stnretnral reasons for the slower development of inorganic chemistry compared to organic chemistry, followed by s. short introduction to finite and infinite pconnected networks. Next is a list of materials to he provided to abudents to carry out the exercises which form the hulk of the t,ext. The exercises hegin with series to familiarize the student with the various polyhedra important to chemistry, and then proceed to a. discussion of repeating patterns and sphere packings. Next oome two sections dealing with repeating pst,terns which can he constructed from tetrahedra and octahedra, and one short section dealing with structures involving hoth tetrahedm and octahedra. Section I11 consists of a series of notes and amplifications of the problems in t,he main section of the hook, divided and headed in the same way for easy reference. The author states that students should "attempt the exercises and answer the questions before reading part 111," hut wit,h part 111 so readily available it Reems unlikely that many students will have the fortitude required. Finally there are four short appendices, covering polyhedra, plane nets, 3-D nets, and crystal symmetry. These are intended as s. somewhat more mathematid expansion of the material cnvered in the introduction. The hnok is copio~lsly illustrated wit,h the type of line drawing.. characterist,io of Wells; theqe are clear and well-done for the most part,. Fignres 5, 48, 49, 50, and 51 were d l diffimdt for me to interpret,. This hook is evidently intended as an outline for s. laboratory course in struc-
(Continued n page Afi7fi) Volume 48, Number 10, October 1971
/
A675
book reviews tural ehemistry a t an early stage in the student's training; the author states as much in his preface. There are two serious objections to this intention in prsct,ice. The first is that the mat,erial presented represents a, minimum of two or t,hree quarter credits, and could easily be expanded to five or six; in a curriculum already overcrowded with specialty courses the introduction of another such course which moat chemists would regard as peripheral to the main areas of chemistry will be difficult. Second, to a n enthusiast in structural ehemistry the relevance of the materiab presented is obvious, hot. t o the neophyte with but little knowledge of t.he st,ructure of mat,ter I suspect that much of the model building and many of the exercises will seem like mrtthemitbical games having little to do with chemist.ry. This second objection applies even more stropgly to the aut,hors snggest,ion that perhaps this material could be introduced a t the high school level. High sshool students ran certainly make the models and do t,he exercises, but they are not yet equipped with enough facts to see their relationship to chemistry. The hook will be a great asset to many instructors who (like this reviewer) are constantly searching for new and better models with which to present or illustrate structurel concepts. Many of the exercises can and should he combined with chemical observations in elementary lahorstories, and s. good deal of the material presented could make its way in fragments into the regular curriculum. Professor Wells has written another delightful chapter in the history of structural chemistry, one which most structural chemists will welcome.
The Fonrt,h State of Mat,ter (1870-91); Isomerism and the Nat,we of t,he Elements (1870-83); The Arrangement of t,he Elements (1790-1X!l7); and The Revival of Prold's Hypothesis (1851-1911). The compilation is judiciously chosen and t,he appropriately short commentaries hy Dr. Knight are right to the point. The delightful personal nature of 19th century scienbific writing is always a bonus for the reader searching for historical information. Where in t,he current lit,erature would one find the counterpart, of the following in a paper by William Crookes politely rtrguing wit,h M. de Boisbwdran: "How he can have mistaken my meanine is a mystery, as he is an excellent English scholrtr."? WFK
CRC Handbook of Labomtory Safely
Edited by N m a n V . Steere, Minneapolis, Minn. 2nd ed. The Chemical Rubber Co., Cleveland, Ohio, 1971. 854 pp. Figs. t ~ n d tables. xv 27.3 X 19.5 cm. S24.50.
+
This hook is an expended version of the highly useful and widely used first edition. The editor again is Norman V. Steere, who for some years bas conducted the feature "Safety in the Chemical Lahore tory" in TAX JOURNAL.AS a result of extensive experience in industrial and academic safety programs, Mr. Steere is well qualified indeed to speak authorits, t i d y on safety programs. He has written much of this compilation himself hut has also called upon recognixed safety experts in leading industrid firms, government agencies, and universities. E M ~ R S O N Many of these h w e been active in the KENNETH Safety Committee of the American Montana State University Chemicd Society and in the Campus Bozernan, Mont. 59716 Safety Association. Most of the material in the first edition has been retained without revision (except for the updating of reference lists) hut there has been a 60% increase in the text as a result of added sections having such Classical Scientific Papers: Chemistry titles as: 1.2, Organization for Safety in Laboratories; 1.7, Hydrofluoric Acid Burn Arranged and introduced by Dnvid M. Treatment; 1.14, Occupational Health Knight, TJniversit,y of 1)orham. 2nd Programs; 2.1, Respiratory Protective Series. American Elsevier Pnhlishing Equipment; 2.2, Ear Protection; 2.7, 441 Co., h e . , New York, 1070. xiii Safety Showers; 2.8, Protective Clot,hing; pp. Figs. and l.:thles. 26 X 21 em. 6.1, Principles and Procedures for Eval$15. uating Toxicity of Chemicals; 6.5, Mode of Action of Toxic Substances; 6.6, Ilere is the s e c r d volume of facsimile Hrtzards of Isocyanrttes; 6.8, Chemical reproduot,ione of importemt chemical Cyanosis and Anemia Control; 7.2, papers arranged and int,roduced hy l)r. Bssic Units of R.adiation Measurement; Knight. For commentn on the first, see 7.6, Determining Industrial Hygiene R e TIUS .JounNnl. 46, A52 (1969). The theme quirements for 1nstdI.llrttionsUsing Radioof this colled.ion is the "natnre and aractive Materials; 8.1, Proteotive Lockout mngement of (.he elements." The original and Tagging of Equipment; 8.2, Groundpreaent,ations w e d l here: t,hose of Proot,, Beradius, Cronkes, Newlnnds, MendelcefT, ing Electronic Equipment; 9.1, Producing and Handling High Purity Water; 10.1, llamsny, and mmty othevs. The narrow Lahonltory Animal Housing. eol~tmnsnf Th,r Ch,:micnl Nmus and of Color photographs showing t,he physiw Nature dluw x eonsiderahle ronservalion logical damage resulting from accidental of space, so (.hat x total of 48 alassicd contact with harmful chemicals have been pitpcrii is included in t,he 436 pages of significantly increased in the new edition. facsimile t,ext. They are gronped chronoWhereas originally only eye damage logically within sections: The Rise and Fall of Pronl!s Tlypnlhesis (IXlTr4.5); resuking from inadequate washing of
+
A676
/
journal of Chemical Education
eyes after s chemical splash was portrayed, the hook now carries some vivid pictures showing the horrid after-effects of skin burns with various corrosive agents. The substantid damage which may result from relatively innocent-
water are shown. These illustrations do add impact to the safety message. The Tables of Chemical Hssltrd Information have been augmented by the statement of the American Conference of Industrisl Hygienists, "Documentation of Threshold Limit Vrtlues." Perhaps licensed medicd practitioners will cavil over some of the therapeutic counsel offered, e.g., regarding the treab ment of H F burns. However, the cited information gained from t,he du Pont medicd department, which is in convenient form for citing to a n M D who has never before treated a n H F burn, surely merits inclusion. I n this writer's opinion, every college and university chemistry department should have a copy of the "Handbook of Laboratory Safety" on hand for quick and easy reference. Whet.her a new edition is needed to replace the first probably depends a n the potential osefulness of the added material to purchasers. The first edition contttins most of the essentials, but the new version surely is a desirable addition. MALCOLM M. RENPREW University of Idaho Moscow, 85845
Principles of Radiation Chemistry
James H. O'Donnell, University of Qneensland, Brisbane, Australia, and David F . Snngslrr, Anstrdilixn Atomic Energy Commission I(osexrch Establishment., Sutherland, New Sont,hWales, Australia. American I'Xsevier Pnblishine Co.. Ine. New York. 1970. ... vnl 17'6 pp. Figs. and tables. 22.2 X 14.5 cm. $7.75.
+
.
~ i!alc.v-td 11, ~8 .>r~pIe Fm I h c n ~ l . , arc introtlurrion r o thc rhcnlww iuiruttd In. he I f i n i Srays, grtmmrt rays, or necelernted charged particles) in matter, this is the best hook on the market.. Simple in language and yet amaaingly enmprehenaivt? in its breadth of roverage, this small volumc is qnite up t,o date in its eoverxg-e. The honk is unique in its survey s t an elementary level-only x high school ehemistry knowledge is pres~rmed-of the many topics mvered under. the omhrella. of the term, rndiation chemistry. Far t,hose who wish t,o pursue an?, of t,he areas introduced hy the ant,ho~s in greater depth, there ix an oolstmding collection of specific and general referenow to hooks, wigind papers, hihlingraphies, reviews, and even a list of meetillg and conference report.;, which will he of definite int,erest to specialists in tho field. Ilefinitioos, h i s (Continued on page A678)
book reviews
A sevenlh rhnptev s ~ ~ l ~ o iyu s R, vovy compnrl and concise m a m w , the mnny
lol.icnl hxekg~.onnd,and relevance of radixtion ehemirlry, d o n g with the %hovepenera1 references, fo1.m the conients of the In succeeding chnptors first chapter. ample introdnctory references me given tn all special topics rovered, with helpfnl hints ahout whirh of ihese should he rend first. T h e serond ehapler deals with fundamenid chcmicnl x l d ohvsiesl ns.. peck of tho intemrtioll of i Inn1 knowr facts rnl.~m~ndingdinl lion rlnmnge to livine sydems n ~ i dtheiv o m ponont hirrehemirnli. In tho aonrlnding rhnptor the t.adintirrn vhcmistry of inovgnnic solids, hrterngonow antnlysis, hot atom chemistry, and lnhelled compound self-deer,mposit.inn n1.e tlmled. An excellent appendix 11.ontsdiffie,dt snhjeds such as ronvemion fnetol.~,typical i.ndi~lion yield and shielding cnloulaticms. When t v e : ~ i i n ,z ~ s h j e r t as complex and fxst-changin~as mdinlion chcrnislry, il, is iempting in nwh :L hook lo oversimplify or be dogmatic, n d io some exlent the nnt,horshave had to do so. I1oxr.ever, il, is quite explirilly stated a1 many diRerent points in the hook that these are merely e ~ r r e n tthooghts and theories nnd may well change quickly. The specinlisl winres nt tho sweep of mtuly dntement* in thi book made regarding the rcsulls of a hard fought ~.csenrchhntlle, hnt stands in awe at. the nccwncy and fnitwess of tho statement ~.eporlingthe olltcome. The hark should bo it, libraries whirh cannot n R o d more specinlixed t~.cnlises (as well as thoso which can afford them), and i t shmld he OIL the desks of *per:ialists
.
~
A678
/
~
Journal of Chemical Education
in the field to lend to rlodents nnd friends who wanl to k w m mow ahor11 the fnrh a t i n g and imporhnt field of radiation rhemistry.
Photochemistry: Chemistry
Studies in Modern
R. B. Cundall, University of Nottingham, and A . Gilhert, University of Reading. Thomns Nelson & Sons Idd., London, 1970. vii 220 pp. Figs. and t,ahleu. 23 X 15.6 em. Clothhound, X4/(610.08); Pnporbouid, 42/ ($5.04).
+
This hook is written as a textbook f o a. ~ course in uhot,ochernistrv. the " , bevond " general physical chemistry course. T h e first, six chapters deal primarily with t h e physical aspect,s of photochemistry, as follows: basic laws and units, processes involving exeit,ed atoms, photochemistry of simple molecules (dixtomies), absorption of lieht .. h .v oolvxtomir molecules. I i l l v r r i t d .inrlt.r r uf ~ ~ ~ l \ x ~ tI ~~ tI n~ i~~I .? ~n IdI I the ~ I , rriplrt ~ l ~ t >,,,
