and schemes far the analysis of unknowns. Following each set of directions for preliminary tests is a list of questions and exercises on the material covered. Part I1 takes up the detection of the ions of the non-metals and Part I11 systematic analysis. The last twenty pages of the book are taken up with a convenient and useful appendix. The special features of the haak may he said t o be the use of several new orocedin the cation analvsis and the use of a new scheme for detecting anions. Perchlortc acid is used as a solvent for thc sulfide9 of the tin sub-group; sodium is precipitated by means of zinc-uranyl acctate reagent and potassium is precipitated by a concentrated solution of zinc perchlorate. This b k , though following the same general lines as the k t edition, represents a distinct improvement over it. It is written dearly, printed on excellent paper and bound in an attractive binding. The author is t o be congratulated upon the good judgment he uses in an elementary discussion of qualitative analysis when he talks of "regulating the acidity" instead of "controlling the H + concentration" and when he refrains from explaining all precipitations in terms of solubility product. The hook should he well within the reach of the second or third semester college student and fills a definite need in the field of qualitative chemistry. LYMANJ. WOOD ST.LOWSUNIVBRS~TY ST. LOrn.9, Mlssomu
, O ~ c r w r cCBEMISTRY. G. Albert Hill, Professor of Organic Chemistry, Wesleyan University, and Louise Kelley, Professor of Organic Chemistry. Goucher College. P. Blakistou's San and Co., Inc., Philadelphia, Penna., 1932. viii 564 pp. 22 Figs. 14 X 21.5 em. $3.00.
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"This text is planned for an elementary . one-year course in organic chemistry." It contains two introductory chapters; t h e &st (8 pages) presents briefly but clearly the historical hackground of organic chemistry. The second takes up the development of empirical, molecular and structural formulas, including graphical structures. The idea of the shared electron bond is introduced a t this point but rarely used in the later portions of the text. The phenomena of isomerism and polymerism as well as the broad classification of organic compounds into aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic divisions are also given in this i n t m duction. Heginning with Chapter 111 "the subject matter is presented syrtcmatimlly and in a form xhich should facilitate thc student's grasp of thc fw~darnentals." The chapters on the alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are followed by one on halogen compounds. The discussion of the dihydric, polyhydric, and unsaturated alcohols is moved forward from their usual place in the text and placed a t the end of the chapter on monohydric alcohols. All three systems of nomenclature are given for the alcohols with the emphasis laid upon the Geneva system. The phenomenon of optical isomerism is introduced under active amyl alcohol. The ethers are given a brief but separate chapter followed by one on the aldehydes and ketones and this in turn by the carboxylic acids, including the acid chlorides and anhydrides. The chapter on esters includes both those of inorganic and organic acids together with the fats and fatty oils. The amiues and amides are "laced in the same chaoter which also contains the nitriles and urea. Sulfur cumpuundr, like the ethers, rcceive separate treatment but metallo-organic compounds are not included except as they appear in the synthesis or reactions of other types. Separate chapters are given over to each of the several varieties of substituted carboxylic acids. The one on dicarboxylic acids includes also the malonic ester synthesis and the barbitals and the one on unsaturated acids develops the phenomena of geometric isomerism. The chapters an halogenated acids, hydroxy acids, and ketonic acids follow in the order given. Amino acids and proteins are discussed mare fully than usual and this chapter finds its place in the main body of the text. 'The discussion of carbohydrates takes up the more recent views of the structure of the simple sugars somewhat in detail. A brief
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chapter on the cyclopsraffins cluses the discussion of the aliphatic rcrics and bridges over the gap betacen this group and the ammatic compounds. The several types of aromatic derivatives are taken up in the usual order. The reviewer upon examining a number of recent organic texts was surprised t o find pbenzaquinone, that classical example of the color-hearing quinoidal structure, "heine" bandied from oillar t o oost." I n the older texts i t had its place along with aromatic aldehydes and kctones. More rrcently it ha%somctirnc.i appeared in thc chapter on phenols and now, because i t is prepared from aniline, it appears in the chapter on ammatic amines. The discussion of polynuclear compounds, including naphthalene and anthracene, is fallowed quite naturally by one on dyes and this in turn by the terpenes and camphors. The chapter on heterocyclic compounds is, with equal logic, fallowed by a discussion of the alkaloids and the book is closed hy a section dealing with plant and animal substances which includes the hormones, enzymes, sterols, vitamins, lignin, rubber and the natural pigments; chlorophyll, carotene, and hemin. Those teachers who are seeking a text stripped of all the unessential details will find here a clear and forceful presentation of the fundamental orincioles of oreanic chemistrv. Manv carnlmmis of commcrcinl, biulogieal, or medical significancehave been worked into the main stream of the dweluprnent so that their presentation does not require a digression. The authors have enlivened the text by including, as footnotes, brief biographical sketches of many of the outstanding investigators in the field of organic chemistry. This number could well have been increased and the addition of the pictures of these pioneers would have made the sketches more effective. The text contains many brief presentations of the industrial applications of organic chemistry. These, too. in the opinion of the reviewer, would have been improved by photographic reproductions of plant installations. A number of questions and exercises are added a t the end of each chapter which will enable the student t o test his grasp of the fundamentals involved. The book is printed in large type on a good quality of paper and the typography, editing and proof-reading are unusually well done. CECIL E. B o o m Taa Oam STATBUNIVERSITY Co~oaaeus,0-0
L n s o u ~ o mMETHODS OF OROANICC H E ~ ~ ~ ~ TL. R YGetter. menn. Revised by Heinrich Wieland. Translated from the twenty-second German edition by W.Mdartney, Assistant in the Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Edinburgh. The Macmillan Co., New York City, 1932. rviii 416 pp. 55 Figs. 15 X 22 cm. $3.50.
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The new translation of Gattermann is from the German edition of 1930. The plan of the work is the same as that found in earlier editions. Part A is devoted to "Some General Laboratory Rules"; part B t o "Organic Analytical Methods"; part C t o "Preparations." The theoretical discussions which follow the preparations have always been a very valuable feature of this book. They have been extended in the 1930 edition t o take into acmunt important new developments such as Diel's diene synthesis, researches with polyenes and with hemin. Included for the 6rst time are descriptions of two enzymic processes. Alkaloids are also included for the 6rst time and are represented by nicotine. The number of preparations described is large, eighty-six in all, with the intention of providing an opportunity for selection t o fit individual needs. The translation is well done, and the book should be available t o all students of organic chemistry. Print and paper are of good quality, and the binding is a great improvement over earlier editions. NATHAN L. DRAKE U-RSTY 01 MARWAND C~LLBOB PAX, M A a n A w o
