I
Recent Books
Magnetism and Atomic Structure. E. C. STONER. E. P. Dutton & Co.. New 371 pp. 13.5 X York, 1926. xiii 22 cm. s5.00.
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Do we chemists spend too much time organizing discussions as to whether oxidation and reduction should be inter~ r e t e dwith the aid of t k electron concept, the while our physical brethren Praq on to the unexplored terrain which rightly belongs within thc realms of our science? Some such query as this suggests itself after a perusal of the Present In i t is treated the problem of atomic architecture and, as aid in the elucidation of the problem, the data of the modem theories of magnetismare utilized. Atomic architecture is essentially a chemist's problem, since therein must he found the keys t o the solution of the chemistas problems of elementary properties an* compound formation, valence, strudure, and the like. And yet, how little of the work on atomic structure that has heen achieved in the post-war period can be gracefully attributed to the chemist. The hook under review, therefore, represents a call to arms to all vigorous young physical chemists who would fain share in the spoils of achievement. I t is more than this, however; it is a veritable armory of weapons with which t o advance to the assault. T o many chemists the weapons are as unfamiliar and unwieldy as the lances of our forefathers. The spoils of victory already attained are such, however, as t o prompt effort to the attainment of the necessary skill in their use. The student will find in the book an account af magnetic phenomena and of their interpretation in terms of modern quantum theory. The treatment is selective and not exhaustive, no general treatment of ferromagnetisrn, for example, being given. Here, however, the chemist
can learn how much has been achieved in the realm of paramagnetics, of the importance of quantitative measurement of the diamagnetism common to all matter. The Stern and Gerlach experiments on the moments of atoms and the experimental justification of quantum theory predictions are discussed and explained in detail. If the chemist would have inspiration for the task already ahead of him in this work let him turn first to Chapters XIV and XV and see what magnetism tells concerning the strudure of the atoms, the magnetic properties of compounds, alloys, and crystals. "permalloy" is one prize from such studies. He will surely take heart for the labors inherent in the first thirteen chapters, HUGHS. TAYLOR Practical Colloid Chemistry. WOLPGANG OSTWALD, DR. P. WOLSFX, AND DR. A. K u ~ . Translated by I. N g w m ~ K~ELMASS M.D., , Ph.D., Sc.D., AND CLSYELAND, P ~ . D . E. p. Dutton and Company, New York, 1926. 4th edition. xvi 191 pp. 10 x 20 cm. 22 illustrations. $2.25.
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This is a translation of the fourth edition of the authors' "Kleines Praktikum der Kolloidchemie." There are 183 experiments distributed as fallows: Preparation of Colloids, 47; Diffusion, Dialysis, and Ultrafiltration, 16; Surface Tension and Viscosity, 13; Optical Properties, 23; Electrical Properties, 7; Experiments with Gels, 30; Adsorption, 15; Coagulation, Peptization, and Related Phenomena, 32. I n addition there is given a brief description of a number of commercial colloids and a scheme of colloid analysis. Each section opens with a brief erplanation of the phenomena t o be studied and is followed by spedfic directions for carrying out the several experiments. It is
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essentially a manual for beginners as most of the exercises involve the simplest procedures and but little special apparatus is required. Because of the number and variety of the exercises, teachers in a number of fields related to colloid chcmistry will welcome the English translation of this standard German manual. While the order of exarises may represent the procedure followed in Germany in the teaching of colloid chemistry, i t is not the order used by colloid chemists who present the subject deductively. Thus the book starts off with the preparation of colloids, including peptization methods, and the phenomena of adsorption and peptization are not taken up until near the end of the volume. The user will not only choose the experiments hut will modify the order to suit his needs. I t is unfortunate therefore that the translators did not supply the index which the authors failed to furnish. H n m B. WEISEX
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names, the reviewer is gratified to see the appearance of more and more new names attached to important contributions. The papers included in this volume are as follows:
1. "A Survey of the Main Principles of Colloid Science," by James W. McBain. 2. "The Colloid Particle as Revealed by Catalytic Studies;' by Hugh S. Taylor. 3. "The Water Equilibrium," by Wilder D. Bancmft. 4. "Making and Breaking Emulsions," by Wheeler P. Davey. 5. "Emulsification: A Study of Oil Soluble Emulsifying Agents," by Brian Mead and John T . McCoy. 6. "The Mechanism of Adsorption and of the Swelling of Gels," by Charles Terzaghi. 7. "Specific Ion Effects in the Behavior of Tanning Agents toward Collagen Treated with Neutral Salts," by K. H. Gustavson. 8. "Observations of the Colloidal Behavior of Aqueous Gelatin Systems;' by Colloid Symposium Monograph. Vol. N, Elmer 0. Kraemer. Edited by HARRY BOYERWE~sB~,chem9. "Mass Action Effects in the Interical Catalog Company, New York City, action of Gelatin and Acids," by W. K. 1926. 378 pp., 15 X 22 cm. $6 50. Lewis and C. F. Daniell. 10. "The Helmholtz Double Layer ReThe present volume contains the twenty-four papers presented a t the lated to Ions and Charged Particles." by Fourth Annual Symposium of Colloid E. F. Burton. Chemistry held a t the Massachusetts In11. "X-Rays and Colloids." by George stitute of Technology in June, 1926, and I,. Clark. 12. "The Structure of Ramie Cellulose constitutes a very important addition to the growing literature on this subject. as Derived from X-ray Data," by W. H. . Wo. Ostwald's phrase "the chemistry of Dare and 0. L. Sponsler. the neglected dimensions," surely no 13. "Organophilic Colloids," by G. longer is applicable for the literature in Stafford Whitby. 14. "Colloidal Properties of the Surfacc this field grows a t an amazing pace. The annual symposium serves to bring to- of the Living Cell." by J. F. McClendon. 15. "The Function of Carbon Memgether the best of the American work of each year and each paper is subjected to branes in Osmosis," by F. E. Bartell and the most critical discussion prior to publi- J. J. Osterhof. 16. "Elechoendosmose through Woad cation. The material contained in the present volume covers the usual wide Membranes," by Alfred J. Stamm. 17. "The Place of Adhesion in the range and maintains the high standard Gluine set in previous years. .of Wood." . bv . Frederick L. Browne Whereas, a few years ago a list of Ameri- and T. R. Truaa. 18. "Methods for Cutting and Differcan workers in this important field war rather limited and consisted of well-known ential Staining of Microscopic Sections of
