SAFFLOWER O I L SUPPLY TO DOUBLE IN 1958!
N e w S a f f l o w e r plantings in the G r e a t Plains A r e a — a s w e l l as in California'
£"fc A g u a r a n t e e d supply for a l l your ^ ^ needs on a long-term contract - .'
^J
basis.
·?"",·'
" · '·Λ .»""-•.'
Stable prices.
|J% Lower .'dèlivered price a t Eastern > - * a n d Mid-West points. W h i l e p r o d u c t i o n is g o i n g - u p , dernand is rising, too. Better check your PVO m a n for information on a longr terril contract a t a f a v o r a b l e price.
Pacific Vegetable Oil Corp. 62 Townsend Street San Francisco 7, California ATLANTA, GEORGIA G R.Nottingham Co.
MILWAUKEE. WISCONSIN J. W.Copps
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS R Β HUBER. Sales Engineer
MINNEAPOLIS. MINNESOTA Horton-Earl Co
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Daniel G Hereley Co
MONTREAL. CANADA B. & S. H. THOMPSON & Company. Ltd.
CLEVELAND. OHIO Donald McKay Smith Company
NEW YORK. NEW YORK Pacific Vegetable Oil Corp
DALLAS TEXAS W vV Richerson Company
PHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA Baker Industrial Oils Co
DETROIT, MICHIGAN George Ε Moser & Son, Inc.
PORTLAND, OREGON W Ronald Benson, Inc
HOUSTON, TEXAS Texas Solvents & Chemicals Co.
SAN FRANCISCO. CALIFORNIA Pacific Vegetable Oil Corp.
KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI Ack Sales Company
SEATTLE. WASHINGTON W. Roneld Benson. Inc.
LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA Pacific Vegetable OH Corp.
ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI Ivan T. Bauman Co.
LOUISVILLE. KENTUCKY The Argus Co
TORONTO. CANADA Β & S H. Thompson & Company. Ltd.
58
C&EN
APRIL
7,
1958
CHEMICALS Pyrophorics Hold Future Promise Organometallics that ignite spontaneously in air have fuel potential for aircraft, missiles jected into turbojet engine combustion Even THOUGH they have serious han chambers after flameout. dling drawbacks, pyrophoric fuels hold But logistic problems h a v e b e e n and distinct advantages for air-breathing remain the main deterrent t o wider use aircraft and missile engines of the of pyrophoric fuels. For example, says future. These fuels may extend the Wells, TEA reacts violently with w a t e r altitude, range, and pay load of air and air as well as with active h y d r o g e n craft. Reason: They permit substan compounds (such as alcohols, acids, tial weight savings and give m o r e amines) and with m a n y halides. It power at lower fuel/air ratios than therefore must t>e kept in. a dry and hydrocarbon fuels. inert atmosphere. I n liq_uid oxygen, Pyrophoric organometallie com pyrophoric fuels are hypergolic ( b u r n pounds are now available for testing, in liquid phase). However, T E B does Robert A. Wells of Gulf Research & not react with water—a distinct han Development told a joint conference dling advantage. T E A and T E B are of the American Society of Mechanical extremely destructive to living tissue Engineers and the American Rocket and, on contact with the skin, produce Society. Currently, attention is a combined effect of dehydration and centered on three materials—triethylthermal burn. aluminum (TEA), triethylborane • No Leaks. Since no leaks can b e ( T E B ) , and trimethylaluminum (TMA). allowed because of fire, leakless quickAir-breathing engines have a big ad disconnect fittings are n e e d e d on con vantage in their light weight and sim tainers and aircraft. Pressurized or plicity compared to rockets. Pyrobladder tanks will probahly be used phoric fuels would increase this weight because the fuels are said to h a v e poor lubricity which leads to pumping diffi advantage for such engines as ram-jets. culties. These problems complicate The same amount of thrust will come the equipment needed to handle pyro from a smaller, less complicated, and phoric fuels and may slow acceptance therefore lighter engine unit with of them. smaller fuel tanks than is needed for TEA and TEB can apparently b e hydrocarbon fuels, Wells says. • in Rocket Fuels. Pyrophoric fuels produced in large volumes at reasonable costs, points out W e l l s . Price p e r are getting attention as admixtures to pound of fuel for these materials is not hydrocarbon fuels, according to Wells. the important criterion because use in The materials, when used as additives a specially designed power p l a n t can in concentrations u p to 3 0 % , improve save large expenditures for engine and burning and reduce screech in rockets, air frame. he adds. Wells gave design dimensions of a Other potential advantages of pyro ram-jet engine t o burn pyrophoric fuels. phoric fuels over hydrocarbons stem T h e ram-jet is designed t o have a speed from the fuels' property of burning at of 1.5 Mach. Weighing 1 8 pounds, high combustion efficiencies in air at the engine unit would cost $600. A low pressures. Engine flameouts at petroleum powered unit to p r o d u c e a high altitudes would be practically eli ram-jet capable of the same speed minated. And aircraft using pyrophoric would cost between $ 5 0 0 0 and $10,000, fuels, adds Wells, can fly faster at including scaled-up auxiliaries such as higher altitudes with leaner mixtures an ignition system a n d larger fuel tanks, that would give improved fuel economy Wells estimates. However, h e in with increased reliability. Another cluded no estimates for t h e savings from lesser air frame weight, -which is quite possible use of these materials is as an expensive compared to fuel costs. igniter for petroleum fuels when in
Briefs . . • • FDA has issued a new tolerance for Captan—the multipurpose organic fun gicide marketed b y Stauffer Chemical and California Spray Products. N e w residue tolerance for a long list of crops: 100 p . p . m . This means, Stauf fer says, t h a t C a p t a n may b e used t o spray or dust m a n y food crops a t any stage of growth. It also may b e used as a postharvest treating agent for a number of fruits and vegetables, t h e company a d d s . C 1
Catalin
• Solution t o strip nickel seSectively
from base metals is now available from Hanson-Van Winkle-Munning. Called Ni-Plex, it is u s e d as a b a t h for reclaim ing rejects from plating. It contains no cyanide or caustic, has little effect o n metals other t h a n nickel and cadmium, the company claims. C2 • New household bleach, called Oxone monopersulfate compound, h a s been developed b y D u Pont for use in dry bleaching preparations. T h e new bleach will n o t damage fabrics or weaken threads, the company says. I t is available n o w in limited amounts during construction of a commercial process unit. C3 • New r e a g e n t , 3,3'-diaminobenzidine hydrochloride (3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetram i n e ) , is available from J. T. Baker Chemical. I t is used to determine trace selenium. C 4 • All-purpose
antifoam
compound,
Defoamer 7 1 1 , comes from Isochem. It can be u s e d in either water or solvent systems, the company says. C 5 • New plasticizers, Abcoflex A and B, are now available from Abco Chemical. They are for use in PVC resins and acrylic coatings, resist ultraviolet deg radation, t h e company claims. C 6 • New family o f corn starch deriva tives comes from National Starch Prod ucts for surface sizing and coating use in the paper industry. Called Kofilm, they are acetylated starch derivatives in which a c e t a t e esters are substituted in the basic starch molecule. C7 • Vanadium
oxytrichloride
is
now
available on a commercial basis from Anderson Chemical. C8
r
Further useful information on keyed C h e m i c a l items men tioned is r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e . . .
Use handy coupon on page 66 ^
Dacfenostaf c s « ι FOR SOAPS, SHAVING CREAMS, SHAMPOOS, COSMETICS, PHARMACEUTICALS, etc. -Used in low concentrations, this comparatively low' In addition to bacterid ; ostats, Catalin chemicost skin bacteriostat achieves outstanding results ; cat products include in combating body odors and complexion defects "/antioxidants, oil addf caused by entrenched, rapidly multiplying microJives, lkylatiomprod* organisms. It has amazing staying power...its degermrelicts and specialchem-' ing action persists long after its application. < " v % J icals:-> ' ^ ^ - "-J | Catalin also produces ^ If you're presently using a bacteriostat or contem % a.wide range ;of urear r phenolic, cresylicf re-; plate the use of one in the near future, it will pay,you 1 sdrcinol and rheiamine^ to investigate the economic and antiseptic qualificaI industrial resin formu tions of Catalin BACTERIOSTAT CS-1, I t has an lations. . ^_ \ extremely wide range of product applications and v,Catali.n plastics inv sales-stimulating potentials. f- elude polystyrene, : polyethylene and nySamples, literature and technical assistance wait l; Ion molding and extruupon your request; Inquiries invited. /\\ , / sion compounds, i
CATALIN CORPORATION OF AMERICA • O N E PARK AVE.; NEW YORK 16, N.Y. V \
%
Plants: Fords, N . J. • Calumet City, Ill. • Thomasville, N . C.
APRIL
7,
1958
C&EN
5 9
