JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
636 the earlier chapters sometimes results in categorical statements where more reasoning would be helpful. For example, on page 19 the ~hvsicalnronerties of covalent comnounde and electro-
"To melt each gram of ice, 80 cal is required" (page 185). "How many calories is required to change 20 g of liquid water. .7" (page 186). In such usage the book is of course in distinguished company. 6).
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WILLIAM E. MORRELL on page 74 direotions are given for bdancing oxidation-reduction equations. The third rule states: "Ifthe net charges on the two sides of the equation are not equal after the equalization of total oxidation and total reduction, they are equalized by adding either I t O + or OH-, as needed, to the left side of the equation!' (But later equations sometimes need the HaO+ or OH- on the south nide instead of on the north aide.)
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QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Charles W. Foulk, Professor Emeritus of Chemistry, Harvey V. Moyer, Professor of Chemistry, and William M. MacNevin, Professor of Chemihy, Ohio State University. First edition. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, 1952. ir 484 pp. 98 figs. 40 tables. 16 X 23.5 om. $5.
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sociated nature of water is barely mentioned. Atomic stNCtUre is introduced early, but (as in many texts) T ~ ~ s e x c e l l etext n t will appeal not only to teachers and students is not made the powerful tool it could he. Some use is made of of analytical chemistry but to other chemists as well. Recent atomic radii, but the concept of kernel charge is never mentioned. progreS8 in the teaching of quantitative analysis is appropriately The screening effect of electrons in underlying shells is ignored. reflected in this book which aims to "develop in the student an Page 331, for example, states: "In the small lithium atom the understanding of the science of chemical measurement." The electron is relatively strongly held by the nucleus, although the lucid and thorough explanations of the basic and elemental theory nuclear charge is only 3+. On the other hand, the cesium atom of analytical chemistry deserve unstinted praise. The skill with has a nuclear change of 55+, but the greater distance between which the subject matter is brought to the level of the u n d e ~ the nucleus and the valence electron overbalances the charge graduate is exceptional. effect, and the single electron is more readily lost; i. e., cesium The design, calibration, and care of apparatus are well covered. is mare reactive." Many valuable points of technique are explained in a thoroughly This t a t makes consistent use of ionic equations for omotieal manner. The setual lahthoratorv exeroises. about 48 in ionic reactions. I t freauentlv uses half-reactions. Oxidation-rcdwrion cqunrions are surnetimcs t>alnneed rhrough n hull-rtwrinn and rleerrm trnnsf~rappmxh, iut more commonly they are 1,nlanced (sithour the mcntiou oi elcrtrons, I p the ' m i - reassuring to have the authors state that "the procedures have dation-number-change" method. been used by a very large number of students over many years The book contains many excellent problems. Many are in and are known to be workable and reliable." While the princicontext in the body of the chapter, usually with answers provided. n d sttress is still on classical chemical methods the increased emAdditional exercises, usually without answers, are placed at the phasis on instrumental methods seems entirely appropriate. The ends of most chapters. l and careful explanaexcellent selection of i n s t ~ m e n t a methods Illustrative calculationfi commonlv use ratio and rooo or ti on. tion of the samemay betaken as a. measure of the emphasis which ( h - 1 . i ~ e ~ l r u l a r i ~ nare s uru:tlly demonatrated by ~uultiplyivp the authors propose on this part of the subject in an elementary au ori~inhlquahtity by ratio of twnprrarurca, prrswrrz, rrr. course and an indication of the modern trend in this direction. Iu sn hrlrmpr T U 3dap1 the ICXI to \.arious t y p ~ sof s r u d ~ n f ~ .The fact that applicable theory must often he sought in an earlier most of the chapters are divided into two sections. "In the first portion of the text presents no serious obstacle. In fact, accordpart, the continuum of concepts is developed. In the second ing to Doctor Foulk this arrangement results in s. pedagogical part of the chapter are addenda, indexed in the first part of the advantage. chapter, which give historical background, additional factual A well-written chapter on The Chemicd Bslance and Its Use information or advanced topics of related and special interest." andoneonErrors and Statistical Methods in Chemical Analysis are (Quoted from jacket.) In the opinion of the reviewer, this plan included. Theincorporationof many well devisedproblems, over proves disadvantageous here. The continual thumbing back two hundred in all with answers, greatly increases the usefulness and forth is inconvenient, time consuming and irritating. The of the text. The valuable material in the appendices concerning addenda are printed in small type, and if they were thus inserted Materials for Lecture Demonstrations, Derivation of the Nernst in the appropriate places in the body of the chapter, they could Equation, The Sign of Electrode Potentials, ete. along with still he omitted by some students. This arrangement would take several useful tables should not be overlooked. The paper printno more space, and would avoid inoonveniencing those students ing and binding are of good grade and suited for practical use. The illustrations are in general excellent. Only a few misprints who study the entire chapter. The hook is well indexed, and is practically free from typo- were noticed. graphical wem, but it has its full quota of errors of fact and interLooking in the direction of an ideal text for the chemistry major pretation. (Examples: Page 239 states: "Among the common the reviewer submits the following suggestions: (1) Add two or form ammonia complex ions." metals, Zn++, Cdt+, Fa++,. three laboratory exercises involving single gravimetric determinaMolemles of NaCI, N%0 (page 15), N%S20a(page 162), calcium tions such as the determination of silver in an alloy, phosphorus cerbouate and calcium oxide (page 165) are spoken of. Page 11 pentoxide in a phosphate mixture, sulfur in an insoluble sulfide. says: "The distance separating the two bodies (of which a hydro- ( d ) Expend the discussion of speeiiic chemical errors, interfering gen atom is composed) is so great relative to their siaes that the substances and applications in connection with all the more imelectron does not fall in to the proton and neutralhe it." In portant determinations. (3)Near the end of Chapter XI1 on discussing the cyclotron, page 444 states: "The magnet forces Solutions of Acids, Bases and Salts explain the titration of a salt the proton away from the center.'' Page 461 says: "Fkcently of a very weak acid, a salt of a very weak base, a polybasic acid proposals have been made to set h e to abandoned coal mines such as phosphoric. Include appropriate titration curves. (4) and collect the gases which would contain a large percentage of the Explain in greater detail the use of alternative reagents other than lighter hydromrbons. These could then be used in gasoline manu- stannous chloride for the reduction of ferric iron prior to titration. facture." (Italics ours.) Occasionally a technical term is used (5) Diseuse a t greater length the stsndmdization of permanganate I,efare it is defined. on arsenic trioxide. (8)Include one laboratory exercise on the In premeditated style, the hook often uses singular verbs with volumetric determination of iron by means of permanganate. (7) plural mbjects. "Three liters of a gas weighs 5.3 grams" (page List a number of oxidizing agents that can be determined by
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