tions. In addition to weighing cheeks, calibrations, and preparation of 8tandal.d solutions, tnm gravimetric, eight volumetric (including the use of a pH meter), and one ~pcrtrophotometrie determination are given. The most impressive improvement over other texts is the balance between the treatment of analytical chemistry as an exact science and the many approximations used in cnlculatians as well as the empirical nature of many procedures. This is a difficult perspective for the ~ t n d e n tto grasp, and frequently results in misunderstnnding or disgust. Thc authors have made a significant advwnrc in their presentation. The reviewer found no misprints 01. errors, and disagrees with the authors it, only one minor point; namely, the convention u s d for cell voltages which arr given ahsolute values only. The revieww would also prefer to give less space to tlru statistical treatment of w ~ o rand includc a low other topics, such as the attark of insoluble sampleii, electrolysis, ion exchange, and organic reagents. Alhhough its length is imposing, thc student will surely appreciate its thorouglrness in leading from the simple to thc eomplcx. It rertainly deserves consid~r:~tion by every teacher of quantitativr analysis. ROBERT L. PE?SOI< Uwrvenanr or C * ~ l r o n r r h LOBANOELEB 24, C A L I F O R N ~
RHEOLOGY: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS. VOLUME I Frederick R. Eirich, Editor, Polytechnic Institute of Broolrlyn. Academic Press. Inc., New York, 1956. xiv 761 pp. Many figs.. tables, and equations. 16 X 23.5 cm. $20.
+
THE book, the first of three vohnnvs. concerns itself with the theoretical developments in the broad field of rheology, the science a1 dciarmation and flow. .kccording t,o thc editor, the purposes n1.c to distill the prolific literature on the subjert and oondensc it a t one place, not only for easy reference to rheological concepts, but. to promote the concept of the "e~sentiwl unity" of the field. The first tank was ~aceomplisherl. Twenty-three authorities have sumnmrized their fields well. The chapters are well documented, each has an individual tahle of contents as well as 3. nomenclature appendix, and the index is comprehensive. Some authors have borrowed heavily from review articles, and in it few cases previously unpublished work appears. Approximately onehalf of the references have been published since t,he last war. Rheologyhas develapedas theneed arose in a variety of fields, as a glance a t the table of contents shows. Various chapters discuss such diverse areas as finite plastic deform&m, mechanical properties and imperfections in wystsls, mechanical properties of metals, some rbeological properties under high pressures, theorin (Continued on page A%#) JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
of viscmity, the statistical mechanical t,heory of irreversible processes in nolntions of macromolecules, birefringence, and acoustics and the liquid st,at,e. However, rheological propertie8 of liquid helium were overlooked. What rheolagy lacks is a gonernliaed equation of state. IJnder these conditions is i t any wonder syat,ematic nomenclature is lacking in the field and each chapter of the hook t,mdn t,o stand aloof? As in most books that have many authors, the quality of the presentation varies considerably. If any chapter is to be singled out, thc one entibled V i ~ c o ~ i t y Relationships for Polymers in Bulk and Concentrated Solution may hc praised and recommended for reading hy chemists. This first volume, hemtifully appointed, is deigned primarily s a reference to the theories of rheology, while the next two vdumes will be concerned more nith the techniques and applications. As a reference, it is recommended to university libraries and those industrial lahoratorie~that plan to nt,iliao the npxt volumes. EMERRON G.4RI'ER
TXECOLLEGE 0 8 WOOBTEX WOOBTER. OR~O
pH MEASUREMENTS: AND PRACTICE
THEIR THEORY
Victor Gold, Reader in Physical Organic Chemistry, King's College, University of London. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1956. 125 pp. 11 figs. 6 tables. 11 X 17.5 m. (Methuds M o n w a p h s on Chemical Suhjeds) $2.25. DESPITE the utmost importance of pH measurements, general agreement. concerning the ntandardieatian and interpretation of aueh measnt.ement,s was not reached until a few yeam ago. The appearance of this littlc hook is thus timely. The author sets himnali a difficult comhination of standards: t,reatment is t,o he yet rigorous; no detailed knowledge of physioochamical theory on the part of t,hc reader is to hc assumed; t,he work ia to be u~efult,o ~tudontsand reneareh workers in fields as diverso as medicine and engineering. To have met, t h a e atmdards is eammrndahlc enough; to do this in the compms of ahaut a hundred page8, as the author has done, is remarka1,le. I n addition to the hasic theory, the significance of pH me~rurcmcnts in relation to ionisation equilibria and resetion velocit,ipn is discussed. The limitat,ions of tho eonecpt,ion of pH are e l e d y presented and the chief experimental teehniqnes far pH mensurement are descrihed. A find chapter dealing with solvents other than water hrings in the acidity functions of Hammett and of th? author. Main and s u h d i a r y pH standssds are included in a useful 8et oE tahles. Printing and illustrat,ionn arc excellent. This eompaot and wadable survey is ~tronglyrerommendrd. JOHN T. S T O C K U~xvensrrror Cornemrcu?. Slonns. C ~ N N E C ~ ~ C D T
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
