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Preface R E S I D U E A N A L Y S I S I N F O O D S A F E T Y is a rapidly growingfieldusing a wide array of analytical methods. Immunoassay of small molecules is becoming an important method within many methods of analysis. The use of immunoassays in food safety is relatively new, but they are currently being used worldwide. Because of the ease of use, immunoassay will no doubt become a method of high use in the areas of food safety, food manufacturing, and quality assurance. This volume is based upon a symposium that focused on the application of immunoassays for residue analysis in food safety. Our challenge, at the outset of planning this symposium, was to bring together researchers who were applying immunoassay at the forefront of residue analysis in foods worldwide. This challenge was met when, in fact, experts in the area of immunoassay from all parts of the globe attended the symposium, and many of them have contributed chapters to this volume. We have come to learn through this endeavor that not only are more reports of new immunoassays occurring in the literature, but many new companies are handling immunoassay kits worldwide. Recently, there has been an explosion in the number of symposia and meetings encompassing the field of immunoassay, and also the number of books that have been published as a result of these meetings. This book is different, in that it focuses on the basic concepts of immunoassay and the application of immunoassay analysis in food safety. The book is divided into seven sections. The first, Introduction to Immunoassays, looks at the concept of immunoassays, their formats, and how they may be adapted to the analysis of foods. Also discussed is the detection and removal of sample matrix effects in immunoassays. The section ends with an overview of the use of rapid test methods in regulatory programs. The second section, Immunoassay of Veterinary Drugs, concentrates primarily on immunoassay of chemicals used in large-animal production, for example, coccidiostats in poultry and ^-agonistic drugs used as growth promoters, as well as antibiotics. Approaches to the synthesis of haptens for organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, including the detection of pesticides in human milk and dairy products and the
xiii Beier and Stanker; Immunoassays for Residue Analysis ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1996.
application of commercial immunoassay kits to plant and water samples, are shown in Immunoassay of Insecticides, Fungicides, and Pesticides, the third section. The fourth section includes examples of immunoassay of natural toxicants and phytoprotectants in food, naturally occurring alkaloids in foods, staphylococcal enterotoxins, and insect contaminants. Immunoassay of Mycotoxins, the fifth section, reviews immunoassay development for mycotoxins and covers immunoassay detection of acetylated deoxynivalenol, citrinin, fumonisins, and the Alternaria alternata mycotoxin. Immunoassays for the detection of mercury in seafood and animals; the toxins that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning; and a com parison of immunoassay, cellular, and classical bioassay methods for detection of neurotoxic shellfish toxins are discussed in the sixth section, Immunoassay of Residues in Fish. The final section, Applications of New Immunoassay Methods and Protein Interactions, presents new applica tions of immunoassay methods. These chapters describe coupling super critical fluid extraction and immunoassay, solid-phasefluorescenceimmu noassay, surface plasmon resonance immunosensor assay, and the use of recombinant antibodies for immunoassay. We hope that the basic concepts of immunoassay and the many appli cations of immunoassay in food safety presented here will provide a stimulus for those interested in this topic. We thank the authors for completing andfinalizingtheir chapters in a timely manner. We express our thanks and appreciation to the ACS Divi sion of Agricultural and Food Chemistry for supporting the symposium, and to the Biotechnology Secretariat for coordinating our segment of the symposium. ROSS C. BEIER LARRY H. STANKER
Food Animal Protection Research Laboratory Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture 2881 F & Β Road College Station, TX 77845-9594 November 1, 1995
xiv Beier and Stanker; Immunoassays for Residue Analysis ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1996.
