SANSKRIT GRAMMAR

ekè;fed d{kk ikB~;Øe laLÑr O;kdj.k (246) iqLrd&1

fo| k/ ual oZ / u i z/ kue~

j k"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky ; h f' k{kk&l a LFkku , &üþ&üÿ] l a LFkkxr {ks=k] l sDVj & öü uks,Mk&üúû ýúù ( mÙkj çns'k)

oscl kbV%www.nios.ac.in

fuew Y; nw Z j Hkk"k& 18001809393

National Institute of Open Schooling A 24-25, Institutional Area, Sector-62 Noida-201309 (U.P.) i

© jk"Vªh; eq Dr fo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku National Institute of Open Schooling

i zFke l a Ldj.k2017

First Edition 2017 ( Copies)

ISBN (Book 1) ISBN (Book 2) ISBN (Book 3)

l fpo] jk"Vªh; eq Dr fo| ky; hf' k{kkl a LFkku] , &24&25] l a LFkkxr {ks=k] l sDVj& 62 uks,Mk& 201 309 ( mÙkj çns'k) }kjki zd kf' krA--------------------------- }kjkeq fnzrA ii

ekè;fed d{kk laLÑr O;kdj.k (246) l y kgd kj l fefr i zks- l j kst ' kekZ v è; {k jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk&l a LFkku uks,Mk] ( mÙkj çns'k) &201309

MkW - j kt ho oq Q ekj fl a g funs'kd ( ' kS f{kd ) jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk&l a LFkku uks,Mk] ( mÙkj çns'k) &201309 i kB~ ; Øe fuekZ . k l fefr

çks- MkW - vdZ ukFk pkS / j h ( l fefr v è; {k) mi &oq Q yi fr Jh l kseukFk l a LÑr fo' ofo| ky; osjkoy &362266 ( xq t jkr)

MkW - fot sUæ&fl a g l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑr foHkkx) t okgjyky usg: fo' ofo| ky; ubZfnYyh

MkW - uhj t oq Q ekj HkkxZ o ( l fefr osQmi kè; {k) l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑrkè; ; u foHkkx) jkeÑ".k fe' ku foosd kuUn fo' ofo| ky; csy M q&eB] gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i - ca xky)

J heku~ey ; &i ksMs l gk; d çkè; ki d ( W.B.E.S.) ( l a LÑr foHkkx) jk.khck¡/ l oZ d kjh; egkfo| ky; LFkkue~ &jk.khck¡/ ] e.Mye~ &ck¡oq Q Mk&722135 ( i - ca xky)

MkW - gfj &j ke&feJ l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑr foHkkx) t okgjyky usg: fo' ofo| ky; ubZfnYyh

J hl q eUr&pkS /q jh l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑr foHkkx) l cal t uhdkUr egkfo| ky; i =kkpkj&yq Vq fu; k] j{kky; & l c e.My&i f' pe esfnuhi q j & 721 166 ( i - ca xky)

Lokeh osnr ÙokuUn çkpk; Z jkeÑ".k eB foosd kuUn osn fo| ky; csy M q eB] e.My gkoM+ k& 711 202 ( i - ca xky)

MkW - j ke&ukj k; . k&eh. kk l gk; d funs'kd ( ' kS f{kd foHkkx) jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku uks,Mk] mÙkj çns'k&201 309 i kB~ ; Øe&l eU o; d MkW - j ke ukj k; . k eh. kk l gk; d funs'kd ( ' kS f{kd foHkkx) jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku uks,Mk] mÙkj çns'k&201 309

iii

i kB~ ; fo"k; l kexzh fufeZ r l fefr la i knd e. My MkW - uhj t oq Q ekj HkkxZ o ( l fefr osQmi kè; {k) l gk; d i zkè; ki d ( l a LÑr v è; ; u foHkkx) jkeÑ".k fe' ku foosd kua n fo' ofo| ky; csy q j eB] gkoM+ k&711202 ( i - ca xky)

Lokeh osnr ÙokuUn i zkpk; Z jkeÑ".k eB foosd kua n osn fo| ky; csy q j eB] e.My&gkoM+ k 711202 ( i - ca xky)

i kB y s[kd

( i kB%ûù&üÿ) MkW - uhj t oq Q ekj HkkxZ o l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑrkè; ; u foHkkx) jkeÑ".k fe' ku foosd kuUn fo' ofo| ky; csy q M&eB] gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i - ca xky)

( i kB%û&ù) Lokeh osnr ÙokuUn çkpk; Z jkeÑ".k eB foosd kuUn osn fo| ky; csy q M&eB] gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i - ca xky)

( i kB%üö&üù) J heku~j kgq y xkft v uq l U/krk ( l a LÑr foHkkx) ; knoi q j fo' ofo| ky; dfydkrk&700 032 ( i - ca xky)

( i kB%ûú&ûþ) J heku~t ; nsofn. Mk v uq l U/krk ( l a LÑrkè; ; u foHkkx) jkeÑ".k fe' ku foosd kuUn fo' ofo| ky; e.My&gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i -oÄ~ xe~ ) ( i kB%ûÿ&ûø) J heku~l q eUr pkS / jh l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑr foHkkx) l cal t uhdkUr egkfo| ky; i =kky; & yq Vfqu; k] j{kky; & l ca e.My& i f' pe esfnuhi q j &721 166 ( i - ca xky)

v uq oknd e. My MkW - j ke ukj k; . k eh. kk l gk; d funs'kd ( ' kS f{kd foHkkx) jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku uks,Mk] mÙkj çns'k&201 309

J h v k' kq r ks"k feJ k i z- i z/kukpk; Z ] jk-m-ek- fo| ky; ew l k[ kkM+ ] pUnkS y h] m-i z-

MkW - fot sUnzfl a g l gk; d i zksla LÑr , oamPp f' k{kk l a LFkku] t s-, u-; w - ubZfnYyh

J hi q uhr f=ki kBh ofj"B dk; Z d kjh v f/ dkjh jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku uks,Mk] mÙkj çns'k&201 309 J hl q Hkk"k fc' uksbZ v uq l /akrk] la LÑr , oamPp f' k{kk l a LFkku] t s-, u-; w - ubZfnYyh

j s• k fp=kkÄ~ d u o eq • i `"B fp=k. k Lokeh gj : i kuUn jkeÑ".k fe' ku] csy q M eB] e.My&gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i - ca xky) iv

v ki l snksckr sa v è; {kh; l Uns'k fç; fo| kFkhZ ] ^Hkkjrh; Kku i jEi jk* bl i kB~ ; Øe osQv è; ; u osQfy, v ki dk gkfnZ d Lokxr gS A Hkkjr v fr i zkphu v kS j v fr fo' kky gS AHkkjr dkoS fnd okÄ~ e; Hkhmrukghi zkphu] i z'ka l uh; v kS j egku gS Al `f"VdrkZHkxoku~ ghHkkjrh; ksaosQl Ei w . kZfo| kv ksaosQi zsjd gS ] , slkfl ¼ka r ' kkL=kksaesai zkIr gksrk gS AHkkjr osQv PNsfo}ku] l kekU; t uekul rFkk v U; Kkuh yksxksadk i zkphu dky esav knku&i znku dk ekè; e l a LÑr Hkk"kk gh Fkh , slk l Hkh dksKkr gS AbrusyEcsdky esa Hkkjr osQbfrgkl esat ks' kkL=k fy[ ksx, ] t ksfpa r u mRiUu gq , ] t ksHkko i zd V gq , osl Hkh l a LÑr Hkk"kk osQHk.Mkj esafuc¼ gS Abl Hk.Mkj dkv kdkj fdruk] Hkko fdrusxa a Hkhj] ew Y; fdrukv f/ d bl dkfu/ kZ j .kdjusesadksbZHkhl eFkZughagS Ai zkphu dky esaHkkjrh; D; k&D; k i ykS( 1-1-10) l w =k dh jpuk dhA( u v k&v p~ &gykS ) bl lw =k dk rkRi; kZ FkZgS & v p~gy~i jLi j l o.kZughagksrsgS Av FkkZ a r ~Loj dk O;×k~ t u osQl kFk l ko.; Z ughagksrk gS A ßLo v d kj d k v kH; Urj ç; Ru& v bm.k~ekgs'oj l w =k esav dkj foo`r gS Al k/ q i n dk fuekZ . kv"Vkè; k; hl w =kdjrsgS Av "Vkè; k; hesav fUre l w a =kv v (8-4-68) bfrAml dkv FkZ & çfØ; k n' kk esat ksfoo`r v dkj og yksd esaO;ogkj osQfy, l a o`r dk fo/ ku djrsgS A bl l w a =k dk v "Vkè; k; hesaçHkko ughagS At c : i cursgS arc ogka; fn ßLo v dkj gksrksçfØ; kUr esaml sog la o`r djrk gS A

è; ku nsa %

; | fi , dkj dk, sd kj l sçÑr l w =kl sl ko.; ZçkIr gksrkgS Afi Q j Hkh, dkj , sd kj dkl o.kZ Lohdkj ughadjrsgS A a ; | fi vksd kj dkv kS d kj l sçÑr l = wkl sl ko.; ZçkIr gkrskgSrFkkfi v ksd kj v kS d kj dkl o.kZ Lohdkj ughadjrsgS A a

i kBxr i z'u&1 1-

v uq ukfl d l a Kk fo/ k; d l w =k fy• dj v FkZfyf• , \

2-

v dkj osQfdrusHksn gS \ a

3-

l o.kZl a Kk fo/ k; d l w =k fy• dj v FkZfyf• , \

4-

i dkj dk mPpkj.k LFkku D; k gS \

5-

poxZdk mPpkj.k LFkku D; k gS \

6-

mi èekuh; dkS u gS \

7-

v kH; Urjç; Ru osQHksnka sdksfyf• , A

8-

gdkj dk cká; Ru D; k gS A

9-

ukfl dk osQl kFk eq • l smPpkfjr o.kZdh D; k l a Kk gS \ 1) v uuq ukfl d

10-

3) v uq ukfl d

4) br~

fdl dk nh?kZ %çdkj ughagS \ 1) ½

11-

2) ew /Z U;

2) b

3) Æ 4) , s

; g Å"ek o.kZgS \ 1)
ykfn gksrk gS Aml s, dkj gksrk gSv kS j l oZ s"kke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

i kB&5 i fj Hkk"kk çd j . k

5-14-4 fuj uq cU/ d xzg. ksl kuq cU/ d L; A ; fn dksbZLokehHk`R; dksv kns'k djrk gSdh i k=k ykv ksAog Hk`R; dkpi k=k] rkezik=k l Hkh i k=kysd j vkrkgS A; fn Lokehvkns ' kdjrkgSdhrkezik=kykv ksArc og Hk`R; dkpkfni k=kughaykrk gS ] i jUrqrkezfufeZ r Hkkst u Luku i kd i ku v kfn osQi k=k t S l sda l æks.khfxykl Fkkyh bR;kfn ykrk gS Aogkai j Hkh ; fn Lokeh v kns'k djrk gSdh Hkkst u osQrkezik=k ykv ksArc rksosQ oy og Hkkst u è; ku nsa % osQfy, v ko' ; d i k=kghyk, xkAbl hçdkj O;kdj.kesaHkhv kpk; Zi kf.kfu djrsgS AogkayV~fyV~ a yq V~y`V~ysV~yksV~yÄ~fyÄ~yq Ä~ÆÄ~; sn' kydkj gS Aogka; fn eq a fu dgrsgS ay%rc ft u ydkjksa esayo.kZgSmu l Hkhdkst kuukpkfg, At c v kpk; ZdgrsgS aÆrc ÆV~ÆÄ~bu nksydkjksadkgh cks/ gksrkgS AD; ksa fd mu nksuksaosQeè; esaghÆo.kZgS Aml v FkZosQfy, dkb sZi fjHkk"kkgS & fujuq cUd xzg.ksl kuq cU/dL; bfrAl jykFkZ & t gk¡v uq cU/ jfgr ' kCn Lo: i dkmPpkj.kgkrskgSogkaml ' kCn Lo: i dksv uq cU/ l fgr t kuuk pkfg, A

5-14-5 ukuq cU/ Ñr eusd kYRoe~ ; fn v kns'kv usd ky~gSrksog l HkhosQLFkku esagksrkgS, slki w oZi ; ksgks¿U;rjL; ke~bl l w =kl sv U;rjL; ke~ bl foHkfÙkQçfr: i d v O;; dhv uq o`fr gSml dk fodYi ; g v FkZgS Al w =kkFkZ & gy l smÙkj ; e~ dk yksi fodYi l sgks; fe i jsjgrsA mnkgj . k& eg~; ~; ~v kdkj%; gk¡ gy~gdkj gS Aml l si js; e~; dkj gS Aml osQckn nw l jk ; dkj ; e~i jsgS Av r%ml osQLFkku esafodYi l syksi gksrk gS Av FkkZ r ~gdkj l si jorhZ; dkj dk fodYi l syksi gkrskgS Arc ykisi {kesaeg~; ~v kdkj% ] o.kZfeyku djusl seákdkj%; g : i fu"i Uu gksrk gS Ayksi v Hkkoi {k esaeákdkj%, slk nks; dkj l s; q ÙkQ: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A bl çdkj eákdkj%eákdkj%; snks: i fl ¼ gksrsgS A a

6-6 v ufp pAA( 8-4-47) lw =kkFkZ & v p~osQi js; j~dksgksrk gSv p~osQi jsugha A lw =k O;k[ ; k& fof/ l w =k gS A bl l w =k esanksi n gS sA u v p~v up~ ] rfLeu~v ufp bfr u×k~ &rRi# q"kl ekl Ap ; g v O;; i n gS A; jks¿uq ukfl osQ ¿uq ukfl dksok ( 8-4-44) bl l w =k l s; j%bl "k"Bh, dopukUr i n dhv uq o`fr gSv kS j ok bl v O;; dhv uq o`fr gS Av pksjgkH; ka}sbl l w =k l s v p%bl i ×peh , dopukUr i n dh] }sbl çFkek f}opukUr i n dh v uq o`fr gS Arc i n ; kst uk gksrhgS& v p%; j%}sokv ufpAv ufp p ; gk¡i j çt L; çfr"ks/ gS Aml l sv FkZgksrk gS& v fp ughagksrk gS Al Ei w . kZl w =k dk v FkZ & v p l si js; j dksnksgksrk gSv p~dksugha A mnkgj . k & e/ ks%v fj%; g foxzg gS Al ekl djusi j l q i dk yq d djusi j i q u%l qçR;; djusi j e/ qv fj%; g fLFkfr gksrhgS A; gk¡bd~mdkj v p v dkj l sv O;ofgr i w oZgS Av r%bdks ; .kfp bl l w =k l smdkj osQLFkku esaLFkkus¿Urjre%bl i fjHkk"kk cy l sodkj gksrk gS Arc e/ ~o~ v fj%; g fLFkfr gS A; gk¡v c edkj l si jst ksv dkj og v p~gS Aml l si js; j~/ dkj gS Aml l si js v p~ughagS Av r%v ufp p bl l w =k l s/ dkj dksnks/ dkj gq , Av FkkZ r ~f}Ro gksrk gS A; g f}Ro gS i jUrqv kns'k gksusl sx.kuk ughadjrsgS Af}Ro djusi j e/ ~/ ~o~v fj%; g fLFkfr gksrh gS Arc & ( v kxsosQl = wk dk mnkgj.k ns• uk pkfg, ) l fU/ çd j . kesal ekl d hçLr q fr & l fU/ çdj.kesav usd t xg l ekl djosQl fU/ çnf' kZ r gS Av r%l ekl fo"k; esaoq Q N Kku v ko' ; d gS Av r%ml s; gk¡dgrsgS A; g osQ a oy KkukFkZosQfy, gSi jh{kk osQfy, ugha A

la LÑr O ; kd j . k

107

i kB&6

v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/

v Pk~l fU/ esa ; .k& ~v ; ok; kokfnl fU /

e/ ks%v fj%, slk foxzgAl ekl djusi j nksi n osQeè; esa, d dk i w oZfui kr v i j dk i j fui kr gksrk gS Afdl i n dk dgk¡ LFkku gSbl fo"k; esai kf.kfueq fu usO;oLFkk dh gS Aml eèkks% bl i n dhi w oZLFkki uk] v fj%bl i n dhi j LFkki ukAbudk l ekl gksrkgSÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l= wkl sê/ k% s v fj% * bl l eq nk; dhçkfri fnd l a KkgS Açkfri fnd l K akgku ssi j l q i ksèkkrq çkfri fnd; ks% bl l w =kl sçkfri fnd dkv o; oHkw r lq Ck~ &foHkfÙkQ ; ksadkyq d ~gksrkgS Av FkkZ r ~v n' kZ uagksrkgS Aml l s e/ q $v fj ; sfoHkfÙkQjfgr ' kCn ' ks"kjgrsgS Aml osQckn Ä~ a ; kIçkfri fndkr~bl l w =kl se/ q $v fj bl l eq nk; l si jsi q ul q i ~foHkfÙkQdk fo/ ku djrsgS Aml l se/ q a $v fj$l q; g fLFkfr gksrh gS AçfØ; k }kjkeèofj%; g : i fu"i Uu gksrkgS Al Hkht xg l ekl gksrkgSrks; g ghçfØ; kgS Ai jUrqbl çdkj k gS Av r%; g çi ×k~ p Hkkj dhdYi uk bl gsrql sv c osQ oy ft Kkl k è; ku nsa % l ekl çdj.k esarksughai f' kAA( 8-4-53) lw =kkFkZ& >y~osQLFkku esat ' k~gksrk gS>' k~osQi jsl a fgrk fo"k; hHkw r esa A lw =k O;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =k esarhu i n gS A>yke~t ' k~>f' k ; sl w =k esamfYyf• r è; ku ns a % i nksadk l fa/ foPNsn gS Aogka>yke~( 6@ 3) & "k"Bh cgq opuAt ' k~( 1@ 1) çFkek , dopuA>f' k ( 7@ 1) l Ireh, dopuAr; ksÕokZ ofp l a fgrk; ke~( 8-2-108) bl l w =kLFk l a fgrk; ke~bl i n dk Hkh v f/ dkj gS AçkIr i n dkfeyku djusi j t ksfLFkfr gksrhgSog& l a fgrk; ke~>ykat ' k~>f' kAl w =kkFkZ gS & >y~osQLFkku esat ' k~gksrk gS>' k~osQi jsl a fgrk esa A mnkgj . k & v ufp p bl l w =kl se/ ~/ ~o~v fj%; g fLFkfr mRiUu gS Aogka>y~çFke èkdkj gS Av kS j og >' k%f}rh; / dkj l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r >ykat ' k~>f' k bl l w =kl sçFke / dkj osQ LFkku esat ' k~gksrk gS A, d osQLFkkuh t ' k~& t c x M n ; si ka p v kns'k çkIr gS AmuesadkS u&l k v kns'kgksALFkkuhl a [ ; k v kns'kl a [ ; kl sfHkUu gS Av r%LFkkus¿Urjre%; g i fjHkk"kk; gk¡ço`Ùkgksrh gS AogkaLFkkuh/ dkj osQl n`' kre v kns'kgS ALFkkuh/ dkj dkmPpkj.kLFkku nUr gS Av kns'kesat dkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku rkyqgS ] cdkj dk v ks"B] xdkj dk d.B] Mdkj dk ew / kZ ] ndkj dk nUrAv r% / dkj l sl n`' kre muesafo/ h; eku ndkj , d ghçkIr gS Av r%çFke / dkj osQLFkku esandkj djus i j e n~/ ~o~v fj%; g fLFkfr gS Arc l a ; ksxkUrL; yksi%bl l w =k l sodkj dk yksi çkIr gksusi j ; .k%çfr"ks/ksokP; %bl okfrZ d l syksi dkfu/ s"kdjusi j o.kks±dkesy djosQfy• usi j e¼ofj% ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A a v ufp p bl l w =k l sf}Ro dksfodYi l sdjrsgS At c f}Ro gksrk gSrc e¼ofj%; g : i a gksrk gSbl dk mYys• fd; k gS A; fn f}Ro ughagksrk gSrksf}Ro v Hkko i {k esae / ~o~v fj%bl fLFkfr esal ;aksxkUrL; yksi%bl l w =kl sodkj dkyksi çkIr gksusi j ; .k%çfr"ks/ksokP; %bl okfrZ d l syksi dkfu/ s"kdjusi j o.kks±dkesy djosQfy• usi j eèofj%; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS Abl çdkj e¼ofj%eèofj%; snks: i fu"i Uu gksrsgS A a

v kUrj r E; i j h{kk & LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kkdkt gkaço`ÙkgkrshgSogkaLFkkuh}kjkl n`' kre v kns'kdjukpkfg, A l kn`' ; LFkku v FkZxq . k çek.k l spkj çdkj dk gS Al n`' kre~v kns'k dk v Uos"k.k djusosQfy, v kUrjrE; i jh{kk djrsgS av kS j ml i jh{kk dk ; gk¡ oq Q N çn' kZ u djrsgS A a çek. kÑn~v kU r ; ZgSv Fkokugha & çek.k; gk¡mPpkj.kdkyALFkkuh/ dkj v/ Z ekf=kd] vkns 'k t ' k~t c x M n ; si ka p l Hkh v / Z ekf=kd ga Av r%muesadksbZ, d çek.k l sv Urjre~ughagS S A v FkZ Ñn~v kUr; Z e gSv Fkok ugha& o.kks±dk dksbZHkh v FkZ; gkaxzg.k ughagS Al eq nk; gh v FkZ oku~ml dk , dns'k v uFkZ d ; g U;k; gS Av r%v FkZl sv kUr; Zdk fopkj ughadjuk pkfg, A


109

i kB&6 v Pk~l fU/ esa ; .k& ~v ; ok; kokfnl fU /

v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/ xq . kÑnkUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& xq . k ' kCn dkv FkZ; gk¡cká; Ru gS ALFkkuh/ dkj l sv kns'k esat ksft l dk cká; Ru l eku gSog v kns'k / dkj }kjk l n`' kre~ Acká; Ru foLrkj l fgr fuEu esa çnf' kZ r fd; st krsgS A a o. kZ

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?kk"sk

vYi çk.k

; gk¡l Hkhv kns'kka sosQcká; Ru l eku ghgS Ai jUrqv kns'kksaesafdl hHkho.kZdkcká; Ru LFkkuh a / dkj }kjkl eku ughagS Av r%dksbZHkh, d o.kZl n`' kre~ughagS Av r%xq . kÑr~v kUr; Zl EHko ugha gS A LFkkuÑn~v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha & LFkkuh/ dkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku nUr gS Av kns'kksaesat dkj dkmPpkj.kLFkku rkyq ] cdkj dkv ks"B] xdkj dkd.B] Mdkj dkew / kZ ] ndkj dknUrAv r%èkdkj dk l n`' kre muesafo/ h; eku ndkj , d gh çkIr gS A ; gk¡, d ykS fdd mnkgj.k fo"k; dk l q cks/ osQfy, nsrsgS &t S a l sjke n' k euq "; ksadksdgrs gS adh esjsgkFk esai ka p v keziQ y gS Av ki esaft l osQgkFk esaesjsi Q y osQl n`' kre~i Q y gSml dkseS a iq j Ldkj nw ¡xkA ogkaçFke çl Ä~ x & ogkaçR;sd euq "; ksaosQgkFk esai ka p iQ y gS Ai jUrqfdl h osQi kl , d a v keziQ y] fdl h osQi kl nks] fdl h osQi kl rhu i q u%pkj bfrAfdl h , d eUnkj osQgkFk esai ka p v keziQ y gS Arc dkS a u l n`' kre~ Arc ft l osQgkFkesai ka p v keziQ y gSog ghl n`' kre~ Av r%i q j Ldkj eUnkj osQfy, nsrsgS A a f}rh; çl Ä~ x& muesaçR;sd euq "; osQgkFk esai ka p iQ y gS AfdUrql Hkh osQgkFk esai ka a p cnji Q y gS A, d osQHkhgkFk esav keziQ a y ughagS Arc dkS u l n`' kre~ Arc l Hkhl eku gS AdksbZ, d l n`' kre~ughagS Av r%i q j Ldkj ughansrsgS A a v r%; fn v kns'k fo| eku gksusi j l Hkh l eku gS arksmuesadksbZHkh v Urjre~ughagS A

6-7-1) : i l k/ u O;kdj.kdkç/ ku dk; ZgSçfØ; k}kjkl k/ q' kCn dkfu"i knu djukAl k/ q' kCn dkfu"i knu djusesaØe' k%v usd l w =kksadkç; ksx gksrkgS Aog çfØ; kgh: i l k/ u gS A: i l k/ u v R;Ur v Yi ' kCnksa}kjk çdV dj l drsgS ] v kS a j v R;f/ d foLrkj l sçnf' kZ r dj l drsgS A; gk¡mnkgj.k : i l s a lq ¼; q i kL; %bl : i dksy?kqeè; e v kS j foLr`r mi k; l sçnf' kZ r djrsgS A a

110


v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/ çd kj & û & osQ oy i fj.kke @v kns'k d k mYys• lq ¼; q i kL; %& ; d kj esafod Yi l sf} Ro nd kj d j usi j f}Roi {k esal q ¼; q i kL; %v kS j f}Ro v Hkkoi {k esal q è; q i kL; %; g : i fl ¼ gkrsk gS A


çd kj & ü & LFkkuh v kS j v kns'k dk mYys• lq ¼; q i kL; %& bZ d kj d k ; dkj djusi j] / d kj dkfodYi l sf}Ro djusi j] çFke èkd kj osQLFkku esandkj djusi j] ; d kj d k y ksi çkIr gksusi j ] ml dk fu"ks/ gksusi j f}Roi {k esa lq ¼; iqkL; %v kS j f}RokHkkoi {k esal q è; q i kL; %; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A çd kj & ý & LFkkuh dksv kns'k dk v kS j fufeÙk d k mYys•

è; ku nsa %

lq ¼; q i kL; %& md kj i j sbZ d kj osQLFkku esa; dkj djusi j] v p i j s/ dkj dk fodYi l sf}Ro djusi j] / d kj i j sçFke / dkj osQLFkku esandkj djusi j] i nkUr gksusl s; dkj dk yksi çkIr gksusi j] ml dk fu"ks/ djusi j f}Roi {k esal q ¼; q i kL; %v kS j f}RokHkkoi {k esal q è; q i kL; % ; s: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A çd kj & þ & çR;kgkj d k LFkkuh v kns'k dk v kS j fufeÙk dk mYys• lq ¼; q i kL; %& v p~mdkj i jsbo~ QbZ d kj osQLFkku esa; . k~; dkj djusi j] v p~mdkj l s i js; j / dkj dksfodYi l sf}Ro gksusi j] >' k~/ dkj i jsçFke / dkj osQLFkku esat ' k~ndkj djus i j] i nkUr gksusl s; dkj dkyksi çkIr gksusi j] ml dkfu"ks/ djusi j f}Roi {kesal q ¼~ ;q i kL; % ] v kS j f}RokHkkoi {k esal q è; q i kL; %; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A çd kj & ÿ & çR;kgkj dk LFkkuh v kns'k v kS j fufeÙk l w =k d k mYys• lq ¼; q i kL; %& bd ks; . kfp bl l w =k l sv p~mdkj i jsbo~ QbZ d kj osQLFkku esa; .k~; dkj djusi j] v ufp p bl l w =k l sv p~mdkj l si js; j~/ dkj dksfodYi l sf}Ro djusi j] >y ka t ' k~>f' kbl l w =kl s>' k/ dkj i js>y~çFke / dkj osQLFkku esat f' kndkj djusi j] l a ; ksxkUrL; y ksi%bl l w =k l si nkUr ; dkj dkyksi çkIr gku ssi j] ; . k%çfr "k/ ksokP; %bl okfr Z d l s; yksi dk fu"ks/sdjusi j f}Roi {k esal q ¼; q i kL; %v kjSf}RokHkkoi {k esal q è; q i kL; %: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A çd kj & ö & fLFkfr çR;kgkj dk LFkkuh v kns'k v kS j fufeÙk l w =k dk mYys• lq ¼~ ;q i kL; %& l q / hmi kL; %bl fLFkfr esabdks; .kfp bl l w =kl sv p~mdkj i jsbo~ QbZ d kj osQLFkku esa; .k~; dkj djusi j] l q / ~; ~mi kL; %; g gq v k v ufp p bl l w =k l sv ufp / dkj i js v p~mdkj l si js; j / dkj dksfodYi l sf}Ro gksusi j] l q/ ~/ ~; ~mi kL; %; g gksusi j >yka t ' k~>f' kbl l w =kl s>' k~/ dkj i js>y çFke / dkj osQLFkku esat ' k~ @ t ' Ro ndkj djusi j] ; .k% çfr"k/ ksokP; %bl okfrZ d l s; yksi dkfu"ks/ djusi j l qn~/ ~; ~mi kL; %, sl sgksusi j l Hkho.kks± dk feyku djusi j f}Roi {k esal q ¼~ ;q i kL; %v kS j f}RokHkkoi {k esal q è; q i kL; %: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A çd kj & ÷ & fLFkfr esaçR;kgkj dk LFkkuh v kns'k fufeÙk l w =k dk i fj Hkk"kk l smYys• lq ¼~ ;q i kL; %& l q / hmi kL; %bl fLFkfr esabdks; .kfp bl l w =kl sv p mdkj i jsbd bZ d kj osQLFkku esa; .k djusi j LFkkus¿Urj r e%bl i fj Hkk"kk l sLFkku v kUr; Zl s; dkj djusi j] l qèk~ ; ~mi kL; %bl fLFkfr esav ufp p bl l w =k l sv ufp ; dkj i jsv p mdkj l si js; j / dkj dks


111


v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/ fodYi l sf}Ro djusi j] l q/ ~/ ~; ~mi kL; %bl fLFkfr esa>ykat ' k~>f' k bl l w =kl s>' k / dkj i js>y çFke / dkj osQLFkku esat ' k@ t ' Ro djusi j LFkkus¿Urj r e%i fj Hkk"kk l sLFkku v kUr; Zndkj djusi j] v y ks¿UR;L; i fj Hkk"kkcy l sl a ; ksxkUrL; yksi%l w =kl s; yksi çkIr gksusi j ; .k%çfr"kèks okP; %okfrZ d l s; yksi dk fu"ks/ djusi j l qn~/ ~; ~mi kL; %gksusi j l Hkho.kks±dkfeyku djus i j f}Roi {k esal q ¼~ ;q i kL; %v kS j f}RokHkkoi {k esal q è; q i kL; %: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

i kBxr i z'u&1 è; ku nsa % 1-

la fgrk ' kCn dk v FkZD; k gS \

2-

bdks; .kfp bl l w =k dk v FkZfy• sa \

3-

la ; ksxkUrL; yksi%bl l w =k dk v FkZfy• sa \

4-

eá~ ; kdkj%mnkgj.k esa; dkj dk f}Ro fdl l w =k l sgksrk gS \

5-

>ykat ' k~>f' k l w =k esai nka sdh foHkfÙkQcrkv ks\

6-

lq ¼~ ;q i kL; %bl dk oS d fYi d : i D; k gS \

6-8 , pks¿; ok; ko% AA( 6-1-75) lw =kkFkZ& , p osQLFkku esaØe' k%v ; ~v o~v k; ~v ko~gksv p i jsA lw =kO;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =k gS A nksi n gS A, p%v ; ok; ko%l w =kxr i nPNsn gS A , p%( 6@ 1) A v ; ok; ko%( 1@ 3) Av ; ~p v o~p v k; ~p v ko~p bfr v ; ok; ko%brjs r j; ksx}U}l ekl Abdks; .kfp lw =kl sv fp l IrE; Ur i n dhv uq o`frAl w =kkFkZ & , p osQLFkku esav ; ~v o~v k; ~v ko~; sgksv p~i jsA v FkkZ r ~, v ks, sv kS; s; fn v p~osQi w oZgSrksmuosQLFkku esav; ~v o~v k; ~vko~v kns'kgkrskgS ALFkkuh pkj v kns'k Hkhpkj gS Av r%; Fkkl a a [ ; euq ns'k%l ekuke~i fjHkk"kkl sçFke osQLFkku esa çFke] f}rh; osQLFkku esaf}rh; Øe l sv kns'k gksrsgS A a mnkgj . k & gj; sfo".kosuk; d%i kod% A , p~bl dkv FkZ, v ks, sv kS; spkj o.kZgS Av r%pkj mnkgj.k; gk¡çnf' kZ a r djrsgS Aosgj; s] a fo".kos] uk; d%v kS j i kod%bfrA lw =kkFkZl eUo; & gfj ' kCn dk prq FkhZ, dopu esagj; sAml dk : i l k/ u çfØ; k esagjs, fLFkfr mRiUu gksrh gS Aogk jsiQl si jst ks, p~, dkj og v p~osQ, dkj l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r% çÑrl w =kl s, dkj dksv ; ~v kns'kgksrkgS Arc gj; ~, fLFkfr gksrhgS Aml osQckn o.kZfeyku l sgj; s : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A fo".kq ' kCn dkprq FkhZ, dopu fo".kosgS Aml dk: i l k/ u çfØ; kesafo".kks, fLFkfr gS Aogka .kdkj l si jst ks, p~v kd s kj og v p~osQ, dkj l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r%çÑrl w =kl sv ksd kj dksv o~ v kns'k gksrk gS Arc fo".ko~, fLFkfr gS Ao.kZfeyku l sfo".kos: i fl ¼ gS A uh/ krqdk.oq y ~çR;; ; ksx l suk; d%' kCn gS Aml dk: i l k/ u çfØ; kesauSv d ; g fLFkfr 112


v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/ gS Aogk udkj l si jst ks, sd kj og v p osQv dkj l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r%çÑrl w =k l s, sd kj dks v k; ~v kns'k gksrk gS Arc uk; ~v d fLFkfr gS Ao.kZfeyku l suk; d ' kCn çkIr gS Aml dk çFkek foHkÙkQ ~ ; Ur : i gSuk; d% A


i w/ krqdk .k~ oq y ~çR;; ; ksx l si kod%' kCn gS Aml dk : i l k/ u çfØ; k esai kSv d fLFkfr gS Aogki dkj l si j t ksv kS d kj og v p v dkj l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r çÑrl w =kl svkS d kj dksv ko~ v kns'kgksrkgS Arc i ko~v d fLFkfr gS Ao.kZfeyku l si kod ' kCn çkIr gS Aml dk çFkekfoHkÙkQ ~ ; Ur : i gSi kod% A

6-9 okUrksf; çR;; sAA( 6-1-76)

è; ku nsa %

lw =kkFkZ& ; dkj v kfn çR;; i jsv ksv kSdksv o~v ko~gksrk gS lw =kO;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =kgS Arhu i n gS AokUr%f; çR;; sl w =kxr i nPNsn gS Ao%( odkj) v Urs ; L; l okUr%cgq ozhfgl ekl Af; ( 7@ 1) ] çR;; s( 7@ 1) Af; çR;; snksuksai n l IrE; Ur gS Amuesf; v Y&cks/d gS Av r%rnkfnfof/ gS Aml l sv FkZgS; dkjkfn çR;; i jsAl w =kkFkZgS & ; dkjkfn çR;; i js v ksv kSdksv o~v ko~gksA mnkgj . k & xO;e~ukO;e~bfrA lw =kkFkZ l eUo; & xks'kCn l s; r~çR;; gS Arc xks; fLFkfr gS Axdkj l si jst ksv ksd kj gS ] og ; dkjkfn&; R&çR;; l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r%çÑrl w =kl sv ksd kj osQLFkku es av o~v kns'kgS Arc xo~ ; gS Ao.kZfeyku l sxO; ' kCn%curkgS Aml dkçFkek, dopu xO;e~gS Axksfodkj v FkZgS ] v FkkZ r~ nq X/ ngh bR;kfn xO;e~gS A ukS' kCn l s ' ; R'çR;; gS A rc ukS; fLFkfr gS A udkj l s i j t ks v kS d kj gS ] og ; dkjkfn&; Rk~ &çR;; l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r%çÑrl w =k l sv kS d kj osQLFkku esav ko~v kns'k gS Arc uko~; fLFkfr gS Ao.kZfeyku l sukO; ' kCn çkIr gS Aml dk çFkek , dopu ukO;e~gS Aukok rk; Z e~ v FkZgS ] v FkkZ r ~ukS d k l si kj t kus; ksX; t ykfn ukO;e~gS A

6-9-1) v èoi fj ek. kspA( okfr Z d e~ ) ; g okfrZ d gS Ai kf.kuht hust ksughadgk ml dk fpa r u bl esagS Av r%; g t ksughadgk gS ml dhfpUrkdjrkgS AokfrZ d kv FkZ & xks'kCn osQv kd s kj osQLFkku esav o~v kns'kgksrkgS; w fr i js; fn v èo i fjek.k dk cks/ djkrk gSrksA mnkgj . k & xO;w fr% A okfr Z d kFkZ l eUo; & xks'kCn l s; w fr' kCn i jsxks; w fr fLFkfr gS Aogk xdkj l si j t ksv ksd kj gSml osQLFkku esav o~v kns'kgS Arc xo~; w fr fLFkfr gS Ao.kZfeyku l sxO;w fr ' kCn çkIr gS Aml dk çFkek, dopu xO;w fr% A; gk¡dgkv Ok~ &v kns'krc ghgksrkgSt c xO;w fr' kCn ekxZosQi fjek.kv FkZ esaç; ksx gksrk gS A; g L=khfyÄ~ x ' kCn] nksØks'k i fjek.k bl dk v FkZgS A


113


v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/

i kBxr i z'u&2 7-

, pks¿; ok; ko%bl l w =k dk v FkZfy• a s\

8-

okUrksf; çR;; sbl l w =k esarnkfnfof/ dksçnf' kZ r dhft , \

9-

xO;w fr%; gk¡ i j v okns'k fdl l sgS \

10-

, pks¿; ok; ko%bl l w =k esa; Fkkl a [ ; i fjHkk"kk dk Kku oS Q l sgksrk gS \

è; ku nsa % 11- t ukofLr bl l fa/ esafdl osQLFkku esav kns'k\ 1) i w oZdk

2) i j dk

3) i w oZi j nksuksadk

4) i j : i dks

12- v / ksfyf• r dkS u&l k mnkgj.k fdl l w =k dk gS; q ÙkQrkfydk pq uks\ ( d) l q ¼; q i kL; %

( i) okUrksf; çR;; sA

(• ) l q è; q i kL; %

( ii) , pks¿; ok; ko%

( x) gj; s

( iii) >ykat ' k~>f' kA

( ?k) ukO;e~

( iv) bdks; .kfpA

(d)

(• )

( x)

( ?k)

1)

( iii)

( iv)

( i)

( ii)

2)

( iv)

( iii)

( ii)

( i)

3)

( iii)

( iv)

( ii)

( i)

4)

( iv)

( i)

( iii)

( ii)

i kB l kj ft u nkso.kZdhl a fgrk gS ] v FkkZ r ~ft u nksosQeè; esav / Z ek=kk l sv f/ ddky dk O;oèkku ughagS ] mudksl a fgrkf/ dkj esafLFkr l w =kksal sfofHkUu v kns'k gksrsga Aft udh l a S fgrk muesa, d i w oZ o.kZv kS j v i j i jo.kZgS Abl i kB esai w oZosQLFkku esav kns'k dk fo/ ku gS A bo~ Ql si jsv l o.kZv p~; fn gSrksbdks; .kfp bl l w =k l sbo~ QosQLFkku esa; .k~dk fo/ ku gS Abd~; gk¡v fo/ h; eku gS Av r%v.kq fnr~l o.kZ L; pkçR;; %bl l w =kl sog nh?kZvkfn dkxzg.k djrk gS Aml l snh?kZbo~ QosQLFkku esaHkh ; .k~v kns'k gksrk gS A e/ qv fj%bl mnkgj.k esabo~ Qmdkj osQLFkku esa; .k~odkj gS Arc e/ ~o~v fj%fLFkfr gS A v ufp p bl l w =k l s/ dkj dksfodYi l sf}Ro gksrk gS Af}Roi {k esae/ ~/ ~o~v fj%fLFkfr gS io wZ èkdkj dks>ykat ' k~>f' kl w =kl st ' k~ndkj gkrskgS Arc en~/ ~o~vfj%fLFkfr gS Aodkj l a ; ksxkUr i n osQv Ur esagS Av r%l a ; ksxkUrL; yksi%l w =k l sml dk yksi çkIr gksusi j ; .k%çfr"ks/ksokP; % 114


v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/ okfrZ d l soyksi dkfu"ks/ gksrkgS Ae¼ofj%: i fl ¼ gksrkgS Af}Ro v Hkkoi {kesaeèofj%l k/ q: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A; gk¡ Hkh oyksi dk fu"ks/ gS A v p~l si jsjsiQgdkj i js; j dksnksfodYi l sgksrk gSv pksjgkH; ka}sl w =k l sAeá~ ; kdkj% ogkamnkgj.kgS AogkaHkhgy osQi js; e dkykis fodYi l sgksrkgS; e osQi jsjgrsAml l si o wZ ; dkj dk ; e~; dkj osQi jsfodYi l syksi gksusi j eákdkj%, d ; dkj ; q ÙkQ: i gksrk gS A


, p~osQi js; fn v p~gksrks, dkj osQLFkku esav ; ~v ksd kj osQLFkku esav o~, sd kj osQLFkku esav k; ~v kS j v kS d kj osQLFkku esav ko~v kns'k gkrsk gS, pks¿; ok; ko%l w =k dk l jykFkZgS AbuesaokUr v o~v ko~nksgS A; fn ; dkjkfn çR;; i jsgksrksokUr v kns'kgksrkgSokUrksf; çR;; sl w =kdkv FkZgS A è; ku ns a % xO;e~ukO;e~bR;kfn mnkgj.kA

; ksX; r ko/ Z u lw =kO;k[ ; k; g O;kdj.k dkeq [ ; fo"k; gS AO;kdj.kv è; udky esal w =kO;k[ ; ku osQfcuk , d i n Hkhvkxsfo}ku ughat krsAt ksxzUFkl k/ :qi dkfuekZ . kdjusosQfy, v k; ksft r gSog çfØ; k xzUFk gh gksrk gS Agekjk ; g i kB~ ; xzUFk Hkh çfØ; k xzUFk gh gS AçfØ; k xzUFk esal w =kka sdk O;k[ ; ku v ko' ; d gS A lw =kO;k[ ; ku i jh{kkesaHkhi jh{kdka sdk#fp fo"k; gS Av r%O;k[ ; ku uke D; kAO;k[ ; ku osQ fdrusv a x gS Aml soS Q l sdjukpkfg, v kS j ml dkfof' k"VØe l smi fLFkr oS Q l s; g Nk=kfgr osQfy, çnf' kZ r djrsga Aogka; g ' yksd eq S [ ; gS & i nPNsn%i nkFkkZ sfÙkQ foZ xzgksokD; ; kst ukA v k{ksiks¿Fk l ek/ kuaO;k[ ; kua"kfM~ o/ aLe`r e~ AA 1) i nPNsn] 2) i nksFkkZ sfÙkQ ] 3) foxzg] 4) okD; ; kst uk] 5) v k{ksi] 6) l ek/ ku bu l Hkh dk v oyEc djosQ, d l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dh gS Aml dk v è; ; u djosQNk=kksa}kjk v U; l w =kksadk O;k[ ; ku Lo; a; Ru l sdjusesal i Q y gksa xsA lw =ke~& bd ks; . kfpA ckydksaosQl q • osQfy, i kf.kuh; ços'kk; jfpr gekjsbl i kB~ ; xzUFkesav Pl fU/çdj.kesa; g lw =kgS A lK ak p i fjHkk"kk p fof/ fuZ ; e , o pA v frns'kks¿f/ dkj' p "kfM~ o/ al w =keq P; rsAA "kfM~ o/ i kf.kuh; l w =kksaesa; g l k{kkr~y{; l a Ldkj v uq j ks/ gksusl sfof/ l w =k gS A bl l w =k esarhu i n gS Abd%; .k~v fp i nPNsn gS a Aogkabd%"k"Bh, dopukUr i n gS A; .k~ çFkek, dopukUr i n gS Av fp l IrE; Ur i n gS Al a fgr k; ke~ bl dkv f/ dkj gS Al a fgrkesa bd dks v p i js; .k~okD; ; kst ukA


115


v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/ bd %; gk¡i j bd~v kfnj UR;su l fga r k bl l w =k l sfufeZ r çR;kgkj gS Av kS j og Ñf=ke l a KkA bd~çR;kgkj esab m½ Æ; spkj o.kZ l ekEukf; d o.kZgS A bd %"k"BhAml dkv FkZl EcU/ gS Al EcU/ dkv uq ; ksxhughagS Abl fy, og "k"BhLFkkus;ksxk i fjHkk"kkl sLFkku "k"BhgS Aml l sLFkkusi n çkIr gksrkgSv kS j LFkku çl Ä~ x gS A; gk¡ bd~v fo/ h; eku gksrk gS Av . kq fnRl o. kZ L; pkçR;; %l w =k l sbd~l o.kZdk xzkgd gksrk gS Aml l sbZ d kjkfn nh?kZosQ LFkku esaHkh dk; Zl EHko gS A

v fp v p~çR;kgkj] vkS j og l K ak] ml osQl a fK v b m½ Æ, , sv ksv kSuo o.kZ l ekEukf; d A a è; ku nsa % Loj gS r fLefUufr fufnZ "Vsi w oZ L; i fjHkk"kkl sv p dkvFkZgkrskgSt ksvp~dkvO;ofgri o wZgS Abl çdkj v p~v fo/ h; eku gS Av r%v . kq fnRl o. kZ L; pkçR;; %l w =kl sl o.kZdkxzkgd gksrkgS Aml l s nh?kZv kdkjkfn osQi jsHkh dk; Zl EHko gS A ; . k~çR;kgkj gSv kS j og l a Kk] ml osQl a fK Õk~ ] Ok~ ] j~ ] y~; spkj o.kZ l ekEukf; d o.kZgS A; .k~ a çFkekUr gS Avr%fo/ h; eku v FkokHkkO ; eku gS AHkkO ; ekusu l o. kkZ ukaxzg. kau i fjHkk"kkl s; .k~l o.kZ dk xzg.k ughadjkrkA bl çdkj l a fgrk fo"k; gksusi j bo~ QosQLFkku esa; .k~gksrk gS ] v p~osQi js; g v FkZgS A lq / hmi kL; %; gk¡mnkjg.kAv kS j og l ekl gS Al ekl esal kfUuè; dhv fuok; Z Ro gksusl snks i n osQeè; esaosQ oy v / Z ek=kkdkfyd O;o/ ku gS Av r%l a fgrk dk ; gk¡fo"k; gS Abl çdkj ; gk¡ bZ d kj LFkkuhv kS j og v p dk v O;ofgri w oZgS Av r%ml osQLFkku esa; .k~v FkkZ r ~; ~o~j~y~; spkj v kns'k çkIr gS ALFkkuhv kns'k dhl a [ ; k oS "kE; gksusl sLFkkus¿Urjre%l w =k l sLFkku v FkZxq . k çek.k Ñr~pkj çdkj osQv kUr; ZesaLFkku v kUr; Zl sbZ d kj osQLFkku esa; dkj gh gksrk gS Abl çfØ; k l s lq ¼; q i kL; %: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

i kBkUr i z'u uhpsoq Q N ç' u nsrsgS Amudk mÙkj çeq a [ ; l snh?kZgh gS Al w =k O;k[ ; ku v kS j : i l k/ u nks gksrsgS aO;kdj.kç' u dkeq [ ; çdkj gS Av Pl fU/ çdj.kesa; ksX; rko/ Z uka ' kesa, d l w =kdkO;k[ ; ku l foLrkj çnf' kZ r gS Aml dksns• dj v kS j l e>dj bu l w =kksadh Hkh O;k[ ; ku djuk pkfg, A >ykat ' k~>f' kl w =k esa: i l k/ u oS Q l sdjuk pkfg, : i l k/ u osQv usd çdkjksadk l foLrkj çnf' kZ r gS Av r%ml LFky dksns• dj v kS j l e>dj v U; : i l k/ u esaç; kl djukpkfg, AçFke y?kq: i l k/ uh; gS Aml osQckn Øe' k%foLrkj djuk pkfg, A

116

1-

la fgrS d i nsfuR;k dkfjdk dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

2-

bdks; .kfp l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

3-

la ; ksxkUrL; yksi%l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

4-

v ufp p l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A


v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/ 5-

, pks¿; ok; ko%l w =k dhO;k[ ; k dhft , A

6-

çl T; çfr"ks/&i ; Z nkl çfr"ks/ i j y?kq q fVIi .khfyf• , A

7-

; gk¡uhpsçkjEHkfLFkfr nsrsgS av kS j ft l : i dksfl ¼ djuk gSml sHkhnsrsgS açnÙk : i dks lw =k l fgr fl ¼ dhft , A


7-1) ?kl Æv kns'k & ?kLykns'k% ] 7-2) ekr`v kKk& ek=kkKk] ekR=kkKk 7-3) ; fn v fi & ; | fi

è; ku nsa %

7-4) fi r` mi ns'k%& fi =kq i ns'k% ] fi R=kq i ns'k% 7-5) ' k' kh mn; %& ' k' ; q n; % 7-6) l k/ qbPNk & l kfèoPNk] l kf¼oPNk 7-7) v fHk mn; %& v H; q n; % ] v CH; q n; % 7-8) mHkkSv fi & mHkkofi 7-9) v l kSv =k& v l ko=k 7-10) çHkksbg Zk & çHkohgk

i kBxr i z'uksÙkj mÙkj Hkkx &1 1-

v/ Z ek=kk v f/ ddky O;o/ ku v HkkoRed l ehi rk gh l a fgrkA

2-

bd osQLFkku esa; .k~gksv p i jsl a fgrk fo"k; esa A

3-

l ;aksxkUr t ksi n ml osQv a fre v y dk yksi gksrk gS A

4-

v pksjgkH; ka}sA

5-

lè q; iqkL; % A

6-

>yke~"k"Bh cgq opuAt ' k~çFkek , dopuA>f' k l Ireh, dopuA

mÙkj Hkkx&2 7-

, p osQLFkku esaØe l sv ; ~v o~v k; ~v ko~gksv p i jsA

8-

okUrksf; çR;; sbl l w =k esaf; çR;; snku sksai n l IrE; Ur gS Amuesf; v Yk~ &cks/d gS Av r% ogk rnkfnfof/ gS Aml l sv FkZçkIr gksrk gS; dkjkfn çR;; i jsA

9-

xO;w fr%; gk¡ v okns'k v kS j v èoi fjek.ksp bl okfrZ d l sA


117


v Pk~l fU/ esa; . k~ &v ; ok; kokfnl fU/ 10-

, pks¿; ok; ko%l = wkesa; Fkkl a [ ; i fjHkk"kkdkKku fg LFkkuh, v ks, svkS; s, p pkj gS Avkns'k v ; ~v o~v k; ~v ko~; sHkh v ; ok; ko pkj gS A LFkkuh l a a [ ; k v kS j v kns'k l a [ ; k l eku gS ; Fkkl a [ ; i fjHkk"kkdkKku gS A

11-

iw oZdkA

12-

3)

è; ku nsa %

118


v Pk~l fU/ esa, d kns'k v kS j çÑfr Hkko

i kB&7 v Pk~l fU / esa, dkns 'k v kS j çÑfr Hkko

7


è; ku nsa %

i kf.kuh; l = wkghy{k.kdgykrsgS A aog y{k.kft l ' kCn Lo: i dkl L adkj djrkgSog ' kCn Lo: i ml dk y{; dgykrk gS Av r%O;kdj.k osQNk=k }kjk y{k.k v kS j y{; dksv PNh çdkj l s t kuuk pkfg, Ay{k.k dk v FkZt kuusokyk ghy{; dkl a Ldkj djusesal eFkZgksrk gS Av r%y{k.k ml dkv FkZv kS j y{; bu rhuksadkst kuukpkfg, A; g ghO;kdj.kkè; ; u dki UFkgS AoghO;kdj.k gSt ksy{k.kdkst kurkgS ] v FkZdkst kurkgS ] v kjSy{; dkst kurkgS ] v kS j y{k.kl sy{; dkl a Ldkj djrk gS ] v kjSbl çdkj l a LÑr i nksadk O;ogkj djrk gS A l fagrkfo"k; gku ssi j Hkhi w oZi j dksi w oZosQLFkku esav kns'kgksrkgSi w oZi kB esaO;k[ ; kdhgS A , d%i o wZ i j; ks%; g vf/ dkj l w =k; gk¡eq [ ; gS Ao.kks±dhl fagrkmues, d i w oZ o.kZv i j i jo.kZ gS Abl i kB esai w oZ i j nksuksaosQLFkku esa, d gh v kns'k dk fo/ ku djrsgS A; g bl i kB dk eq a [; fo"k; gS A dghai j ; | fi ge fpUru djrsgS adh; gk¡l fU/ i fj.kke gksi jUrqughagksrkgS Aml çdkj osQLFky Hkh gS AogkaçÑfr Hkko dgykrk gS Av FkkZ r ~; | fi o.kks±esab l ehi rk v kusi j Hkh oS lk i fj.kke ughagksrk gS Amudk çÑfr LoHkko Lo: i oS l k gh jgrk gS A; g gh çÑfrHkko gS A

mís'; bl i kB dksi dj mudkl a Ldkj djus esal eFkZgksa xsA

7-1 , d %i w oZ i j ; ks% AA( 6-1-81) lw =kkFkZ& bl v f/ dkj esafo/ h; eku v kns'k i w oZi j osQLFkku esa, d gh gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & v f/ dkj l w =k gS Anksi n gS A, d%( 1@ 1) ] i w oZ i j; ks%( 6@ 2) i w oZ ' p i j' p

è; ku nsa % bfr i w oZ i jkSbrjsrj; kxs}U}l ekl Ar; ks%i o wZ i j; ks%"k"Bhf}opu gS A; gk¡l sv kjEHkdjosQ[ ; R;kr~i jL;

( 6-1-112) l w =kl si gys; g v f/ dkj gS Aft u o.kks±dhl a fgrkmuesa, d i o wZo.kZv kS j v i j i j o.kZ gksrk gS Abl v f/ dkj esafo/ h; eku v kns'k i w oZi j osQLFkku esa, d ghdjuk pkfg, Abl v f/ dkj esai w oZi j nku sksaLFkku esa, d v kns'kgkrskgS Abl osQmnkgj.kv kxsv kn~xq . k%bR;kfn esa; FkkLFkku Li "V gka xsA s

7-2 v kn~xq . k% AA( 6-1-84) lw =kkFkZ& v o.kZl sv p~i jsi w oZi j osQLFkku esa, d xq . k v kns'k gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =kgS Av kn~xq . k%nksi n gS Av kn~( 5@ 1) ] ri jdj.kughagS Al Hkhçdkj os Qv dkj dkxz g.kdjkrkgS Axq . k%( 1@ 1) ] v nsÄ~ x.qk%l a Kkdj.kl sv ( ßLo)] , ] v ks; sLoj xq . ki n okP; gS A, d%i w oZ i j; ks%( 6-1-81) ; g v f/ dkj gS Ai w oZv kS j i j bu nksuksaosQLFkku esa, d ghv kns'k gksrkgS Abdks; .kfp l = wkl sv fp ( 7@ 1) v uq o`fr gS Av o.kZl sv p~i jsi w oZi j osQLFkku esa, d xq .k v kns'kgksrkgSl w =kkFkZgS Av o.kZl sv p i jsi w oZi j osQv o.kZv pksosQLFkku esa, d xq . kkns'kgksrkgS A ; g xq . kkns'k v l o.kZv p~i jsgksusi j gksrk gS, slk t kuuk pkfg, A mnkgj . k & mi sUæ% AxÄ~ xksnde~ AÑ".kf¼Z % AroYdkj% A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & mi bUæ%fLFkfr esai dkj l si j t ksv dkj gS ] ml l si j v p~bUæ' kCn dk bdkj gS ] bl çdkj og v dkj bUæ' kCn osQbdkj l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r%çÑrl w =kl sv dkj&bdkj osQLFkku esa, d xq . kuked v kns'kçkIr gksrkgS Av nsÄ~xq . k%l w =kl a Kkçdj.kesai ykat ' k~>f' k l w =k esa: i l k/ u oS Q l sdjuk pkfg, : i l k/ u dh v usd çdkj l foLrkj çnf' kZ r gS Av r%og LFky ns• dj v kS j l e>dj v U; : i ksadk l k/ u esaç; kl fu"Bk l sfo/ ku gS A çFke y?kq: i l k/ uh; gS Arr%i j Øe' k%foLrkj djuk pkfg, A 138


i kB&7


v Pk~l fU / esa, dkns 'k v kS j çÑfr Hkko

1-

v kn~xq . k%l w =k dhO;k[ ; k dhft , A

2-

o`f¼jsfp l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

3-

mi l xkn Z~½fr / krkSl w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

4-

v d%l o.kZ snh?kZ %l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

5-

iw oZ =kkfl ¼e~l w =k dhO;k[ ; k dhft , A

6-

bZ nw nsn~f}opuaçx`áe l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

7-

bl i kB esadkS u&l k l w =k fdl dk v i okn l a x`g dkj.k Hkh çfri kn u gS A

8-

; gk¡uhpsçkjEHkfLFkfr nht krh gS AfdUrqt ks: i l k/ uh; osHkhfn, t krsgS Aogkal sçnÙk a :i lw =k l fgr l k/ u dhft , A çkj EHk

l kè; : i

çkj EHk

l kè; : i

xt bUæ%

xt U sæ%

ro , o

roS o

jek b'Zk%

jes'k%

nq X/ v ksnu%

nq X/ kS nu%

lw ; Zmn; %

lw ; kZ sn; %

jke v kS Rl q D; e~

jkekS Rlq D; e~

nso ½f"k%

nsof"kZ %

nq xkZv kS nk; Z e~

nq xkn Sk; e Z Z~

; K mi ohre~

; Kksiohre~

ek , oe~

eS oe~

t Ue mRl o%

t UeksRlo%

jksx vkS "k/ e~

jkxsk"Sk/ e~

xzh"e ½rq %

xz h"erZ % q

nh?kZ, dkj%

nh?kS d Zkj%

n.Mv xze~

n.Mkxze~

gfj bZ ' k%

gjh'k%

fo| k v kuUn%

fo| kuUn%

eq fu bUæ%

eq uhæ%

Hkw fe b'Zk%

Hkw eh'k%

xq . khbfr

xq . khfr

e/ qmnde~

e/ w nde~

fi r`½.ke~

fi r`.ke~

è; ku nsa %

9- LrEHk osQl Ec¼ksdk feyku dhft , A ( d) o`f¼jsfp

( i) çS fr

( • ) , R;s/R;w B~ lq

( ii) u| q nde~

( x) , fÄ i : i e~

( iii) xq . kki okn%

( ?k) v d%l o.kZ snh?kZ %

( iv) v f/ dkj%

( Ä) bdks; .kfp

( v) nsos'k%

( p) v kn~xq . k%

( vi) mi ks"kfr

( N) , pks¿; ok; ko%

( vii) doh' k%

( t ) , d%i w oZ i j; ks%

( viii) nsokokLrke~


139

i kB&7 v Pk~l fU / esa, dkns 'k v kS j çÑfr Hkko

è; ku nsa %


i kBxr i z'uksÙkj mÙkj Hkkx&1 1-

, d%i w oZ i j; k% s ; g v f/ dkj l w =kgS Abl v f/ dkj esafo/ h; eku v kns'ki w oZ i j osQLFkku esa, d ghgksrk gS A

2-

xÄ~ xksnde~; gk¡i j v ksd kj v kn~xq . k%l w =kl sA

3-

v o.kZl sv p~i jsjgrsi w oZ i j osQLFkku esa, d xq . k v kns'k gksrk gSv kn~xq . k%l w =k dk v FkZ A

4-

mj.k~ji j%l w =k esav .k~v bm.k~l w =k esafLFkr .kdkj l sA

5-

½dkj osQLFkku esabdkj gksrk gSrksoLrq r bj~v kns'k gksrk gS ] mj.k~ji j%l w =k l sA

6-

4)

7-

1)

mÙkj Hkkx&2 8-

o`f¼jsfp l w =k dk v FkZv o.kZl s, p i jsi w oZ i j osQLFkku esa, d o`f¼ v kns'k gksrk gS A

9-

, fÄ i j: i e~ A

10-

3)

11-

1)

12-

4)

mÙkj Hkkx&3 13-

v d dk l o.kZv p i jsi w oZ i j dksnh?kZ, dkns'k gksrk gS A

14-

, pks¿; ok; ko% A

16-

v o.kZ iw oZi nkUr esa; dkj odkj dk v ' k i jsfodYi l syksi gksrk gS A

17-

fo".kksv kxPN bl dk fo".k v kxPN i fjorZ u gksusl syksi%' kkdY; L; l w =k l soykis fd; kA oyksifo/ k; d ; g l w =kv d%l o.kZ snh?kZ %l o.kZ nh?kZ l fU/fo/ k; d l w =kosQçfr i w oZ =kkfl ¼fefr lw =k l sv fl ¼Aoyksi dk v fl ¼Ro gksusl sl o.kZ nh?kZ d kns'k ughagksrkA S

18-

v fl ¼dk.M esav "Vekè; k; osQf}rh; r`r h; prq FkZi kn gS A a

19-

3)

15-

20-

, pks¿; ok; ko% A

3)

21-

3)

mÙkj Hkkx&4

140

22-

nw j k¼w r sp bl l = wk l snw j kr~l Ecks/u esaokD; osQVh dksIyq r fodYi l sfo/ ku djrsgS A a

23-

fo".kw; gk¡i j çx`ál a Kkfo/ k; d l w =k bZ nw nsn~f}opuaçx`áe~bfrA

24-

v eh ; gk¡i j çx`ál a Kk v nl ksekr~ l w =k l sA

25-

uA

26-

Iyq r çx`ák v fp fuR;e~bfr l w =k çÑfr Hkko fo/ k; d gS A


i kB&8

gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/

gYk~l fU/ esa #Ro&' pq R okfnl fU /

8


è; ku nsa %

iw oZi kB esaLoj l fU/ v kykspuk gS ALoj l fU/ gh v p~l fU/ Hkh dgykrh gS Al a fgrk; ke~ ( 6-1-72) bR;f/ dkj esai f' k; g Hkhgy~l fU/l w =kl sfy; kAi jUrqçdj.k v Pl fU/ , slkmYys• gS ArksoS Q l sgy~l fU/l w =kHkhogkav k; sç' u ga SrksmÙkj bl çdkj fn; kt krk gSdh, d ' kCn dkl Ei w . kZ: i l k/ usosQfy, ft rusl w =kv ko' ; d gSmrusfn, AogkavPl fU/çdj.k dkl = wkv ko' ; d v kS j dghagy~l fU/çdj.kdkl w =kv ko' ; d gS Arksl w =kka sdkl a d j v i fjgk; d Zkj.k l sfd; kAoS l sghgy~l fU/çdj.kesafol xZ l fU/çdj.kosQl w =kv ko' ; d gkrssgS avi fjgk; Z r kos Qfy, A v r%ft l Øe l sdksbZHkh , d l k/ q: i l k/ usosQfy, ft rusl w =k v ko' ; d gS amrus; gkafn, A ml l sl w =kka sdk l a d j ; | fi gq v k fi Q j Hkh og gVk; k ughat k l drk gS A

8-6 >y kat ' kks¿UrsAA( 8-2-39) lw =kkFkZ& i nkUr esa>yksosQLFkku esat ' k gksrk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =kgS Arhu i n gS A>yke~t ' k%v Ursl w a =kxri nPNsn gS A>yke~( 6@ 3) ] t ' k%( 1@ 3) ] v Urs( 7@ 1)Ai nL; dkv f/ dkj gS Ai n; kstuk& i nL; v Urs>ykat ' k% Al w =kkFk& Z i nkUr es a>yksosQLFkku esat ' kgksrkgS A>y~v kjSt ' k~çR;kgkj gS A>y~LFkkuhvkjSt ' k~v kns ' kgS ALFkkful a [;k l sv kns'k l a [ ; k fHkUu gS Av r%LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kk cy l sLFkkuhl sLFkku dk v Urjre v kns'k djukpkfg, A mnkgj . k & l r~fpr~( l R; v kS j Kku v FkZ ) fLFkfr esal r~' kCn dk rdkj i nkUr esagSv kS j og >y~gS Av r%çÑr l w =k l srdkj osQLFkku esat ' k~gksrk gS Ardkj , d LFkkuh] ml osQLFkku esa t ' k~& t ~c~x~M~n~i ka p v kns'kgS ALFkkuhl a a [ ; kl sv kns'kl a [ ; kfo"ke gS Av r%buesal sdkS a u&l h gksArc LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kk l sLFkkuh }kjk v Urjre v kns'k djuk pkfg, Auhpsv kUr; ZdksoS Q ls t kuk t krk gSml dksçnf' kZ r djrsgS A a v kUrjrE; i jh{kk& v kS j v kUr; ZLFkku v FkZxq . kçek.k}kjkpkj çdkj dkgkrskgS Açek.k; gk¡ mPpkj.kdkyALFkkuhmPpkj.kdky v / Z ek=kk] v kns'kHkhmPpkj.kdky v / Z ek=kkghgS Aml l sdksbZHkh , d v Urjre dg ughal drsgS A a xq . kcká; Ru gS Ardkj dkcká; Ru & fookj ' okl v ?kks"kv Yi çk.kgS At ~c~x~M~n~budk cká; Ru& l o akj ukn ?kks"k v Yi çk.k gS Av r%buesal sdksbZHkh , d v Urjre dg ughal drsgS A a l kekU; : i l so.kks±dk dksbZHkhv FkZ; gk¡xzg.k ughadjrk gS Aml l sv FkZ Ñr v kUr; Zdh i jh{kk ughadjrsgS A a


145

i kB&8 gYk~l fU/ esa #Ro&' pq R okfnl fU /

è; ku nsa %

gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ rdkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku nUr gS At dkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku rkyq ] cdkj dk v ks"B] xdkj dk d.B] Mdkj dkew / kZ ] ndkj dknUr gS Ardkj dkt ksmPpkj.kLFkku og ghmPpkj.kLFkku ndkj dk HkhgS Av r%rdkj osQLFkku esandkj l sLFkkuÑr v ka r ; ZçkIr gksrkgS Aml l srdkj osQLFkku esandkj v kns'kgksrkgS Arc l n~fpr~fLFkfr gksrhgS A; gk¡Lrks%ndkj dk' pq ukpdkj l s; ksx gS Av r%Lrks% ' pq uk' pq %l w =kl sndkj osQLFkku esa; Fkkl a [ ; euq ns'k%l ekuke~bfr i fjHkk"kkl st dkj gksrkgS Aml l s l t ~fpr~fLFkfr gksrh gS Arc &

8-7 • fj pAA( 8-4-54) lw =kkFkZ& • j i js>yksdkspj gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =kgS Anksi n gS A• fj l Ireh, dopuAp v O;; i nA>ykat ' k~>f' k lw =k l s>yke~"k"Bhcgq opukUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS Av H; kl sppZl w =k l spj~çFkek , dopukUr i n dh v uq o`fr gS ] ml dk çFkek cgq opuRo l spj esaO;R; gksrk gS Ai n ; kst uk & • fj >yke~pj% A lw =kkFkZ & • j i js>yksosQLFkku esapj gksrk gS A mnkgj . k & l r~fpr~fLFkfr esa>ykat ' kks¿Ursl w =kl srdkj dksndkj djusi j l n~fpr~fLFkfr gksrh gS Aogk Hkh Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k l sndkj dkst dkj djusi j l t ~fpr~fLFkfr gksrh gS Aogka t ks>y~t dkj ml l si j • j~pdkj gS Av r%• fj p l w =k l st dkj osQLFkku esapj~ & p~V~r~d~i ~ ' k~"k~l ~buesal sv U;re dkfo/ ku djrsgS ALFkkuhv kns'kdhl a a [ ; koS "kE; gS Av r%LFkkus¿Urjre% i fjHkk"kk l s; gk¡ fu; e djuk pkfg, ALFkkuhosQl n`' kre v kns'k djuk pkfg, v kS j l kn`' ; l sLFkku v FkZxq . kçek.kÑr~pkj çdkj dkgksrk gS Av r%v kUr; Zl s; gk¡D; kxzg.kgS A>ykat ' kks¿Ursl w =kesa foLrkj l fgr O;k[ ; k gS A; gk¡ l a f{kIr esadgrsgS A a ; gk¡l Hkhvkns'kka ses av / e Zk=kkdkfyd çek.kl eku gS ] xq . kv FkkZ r ~cká; Ru l eku] o.kZdkdksbZ Hkhv FkZughagS Avr%çek.kÑn~xq . kÑn~v kjSv FkZ Ñr~v kUr; Zl EHko ughagS ALFkkuÑn v kUr; Zv of' k"V dh i jh{kk djrsgS ALFkkuh t dkj] ml dk mPpkj.k LFkku rkyq a Av kns'kksaesapdkj v kS j ' kdkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku rkyqgS A' k~"k~l ~buos QLFkku esa' k~"k~l ~ghØe' k%gksrsgS a, lshO ; oLFkkgS Avr%t dkj osQLFkku esapdkj ghv kns'kgksrkgS Arc l p~fpr~gksrkgS Ao.kZfeyku djusl s l fPpr~b"V l kèkq : i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A ; gk¡ ; g t kuuk pkfg, & l r~fpr~fLFkfr esaçFke Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %( 8-4-39) l w =k D; ksa ughaço`Ùkgq v kAv Fkok• fj p ( 8-4-54) l w =kv kfn esaD; ksaughayxkAogkamÙkj gSfd v fl ¼dk.M esai w oZ lw =k osQçfr i jl = wk v fl ¼ gS A i jl w =k l sfd; k dk; Zi w oZ lw =k dh n`f"V l sughagS A v r% v fl ¼dk.Mesaft l Øe l sl w =k v "Vkè; k; hesami fLFkr fd, gS aml Øe l smudhço`fÙk gksrhgS A v r%l r~fpr~fLFkfr esal cl sv kfn esav fl ¼dk.Mesa>ykat ' kks¿Urs( 8-2-39) l w =kço`ÙkgS Aml l s rdkj dkt ' k~ndkj gkrskgS Arc l n~fpr~fLFkfr gksrhgS A; gk¡HkhLrks%' pq uk' pq %( 8-4-39) v kS j • fj p ( 8-4-54) nksuksadh, d l kFk çkfIr gS Ai jUrqLrks%' pq uk ' pq %( 8-4-39) l w =k v fl ¼dk.M esai w oZgS ] • fj p ( 8-4-54) bfr i j gS Av r%i w oZ lw =kLrks%' pq uk' pq %( 8-4-39) dh; gk¡ço`fÙkv kfn esagksrhgS Aml l sLrqndkj dk' pqt dkj gksrkgS Arc l t ~fpr~fLFkfr gksrhgS A; gk¡i nkUr esa>y~ t dkj gS Av r%i q u >ykat ' kks¿Urs( 8-2-39) ço`ÙkgS AD; ksfd >ykat ' kks¿Urs( 8-2-39) l w =kosQçfr Lrks%' pq uk' pq %( 8-4-39) l w =kv fl ¼ gS Av r%>ykat ' kks¿Urs(8-2-39) l = wkdhn`f"Vl sogkat dkj ughagS Aogkandkj ghgS Av r%>ykat ' kks¿Urs( 8-2-39) l w =ki q u%ço`fÙkpkgrkgS Av kS j v Ur esa• fj

146


gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ p ( 8-4-54) l w =kn`f"Vl sLrk% s ' pq uk' pq %( 8-4-39) l w =kfl ¼ gS Av r%• fj p ( 8-4-54) ço`Ùkgksrk gS Aml l st dkj osQLFkku esa• j~pdkj dk fo/ ku djrsgS Av r%l fPpr~: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS a A

8-8 ' kkRk~ AA( 8-4-43)


lw =kkFkZ& ' kkr~i jsroxZdkspoxZughagksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & fu"ks/ l w =k gS A' kkr~, d gh i ×peh , dopukUr i n gS Arks%f"k l w =k l srks% "k"BÔUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS Au i nkUrkêð ksjuke~l w =k l su v O;; i n dh v uq o`fr gS ALrks%' pq uk ' pq % lw =k l spq %çFkekUr i n dhv uq o`frAi n ; kst uk & ' kkr~rks%pq %uAl w =kkFkZgksrk gS& ' kkr~i jsroxZ è; ku ns a % dkspoxZughagksrk gS A mnkgj . k & fo' u% Aç' u% A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & foPN~ &/ krql suÄ~ &çR;; ; ksx l sfoPN~ $u gksusi j Ndkj osQLFkku esa' kdkj djusi j fo' k~u fLFkfr gksrh gS Arc Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k l sudkj dks×kdkj çkIr gksusi j ' kdkj l si j roxZdkl Ùo gksusl s' kkr~l w =kl sfu"ks/ gksrkgS Aml l sfo' u%: i fu"i Uu gksrkgS Axfr v Fkok ços'k ml dk v FkZgS A çPN~ &/ krql suÄ~ &çR;; ; ksx esaçPN~ $u fLFkfr gksusi j Ndkj dks' kdkj djusi j ( Ndkj osQ v Hkko esarq d pdkj HkhughajgrkgS A) çfØ; k}kjkç' k~u fLFkfr gksrhgS Arc Lrks%' pq uk' pq %l w =k l sudkj dks×kdkj çkIr gksusi j ' kdkj l si jsroxZdksl Ùo gksusl s' kkr~l w =kl sfu"ks/ gksrkgS Aml l s ç' u%: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A

i kBxr i z'u&1 1-

l l t "qkks#%l w =k dk v FkZfy• sa \

2-

• jol ku; ksfoZ ltZ uh; %l w =k esafdl osQ}kjk rnUrfof/ gksrh gS \

3-

v ol ku esajsiQdksfol xZfdl l w =k l sgksrk gS \

4-

dc fol xZdksfol xZfodYi l sgksrk gSv kS j fdl l w =k l s\

5-

Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k esafdudks; Fkkl a [ ; gS \

6-

Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k esafdl fdl dks; Fkkl a [ ; ughagS \

7-

l r~fpr~fLFkfr esaçFke gh Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gSv Fkok ugha \

8-

rdkj dkspqosQ; ksx esapq Ro D; ksaugha \

9-

ç' u%; gk¡ Lrks%' pq uk ; ksx esaHkh ' pq Ro D; ksaugha \

10-

jkel ~ps"Vrsbl l si j çFke dkS u&l k l = wk ço`Ùk gS \ 1) l l t q "kks#% 2) • jol ku; ksfoZ ltZ uh; %


147

i kB&8



3) • fj p 4) >ykat ' kks¿Urs 11-

jkel ~ps"Vrs; gk¡ Øe l s; sdk; ZgksrsgS arksjke' ps"Vrs: i cu t krk gS \ 1) #Roe~& fol t Z uh; %& l %& ' pq Roe~ 2) fol t Z uh; %& #Roe~& l %& ' pq Roe~ 3) ' pq Roe~& #Roe~& l %& fol t Z uh; %

è; ku nsa %

4) "Vq Roe~& ' pq Roe~& #Roe~& t ' Roe~ 12-

>ykat ' kks¿Urs; gk¡ fdl osQv Ur esa ] fdl dksD; k gksrk gS \ 1) >yke~v Ursi nL; t ' k~HkofrA 2) i nL; v Urst ' k%>y~HkofrA 3) t ' k%v UrsLrks%>y~HkofrA 4) i nL; v Urs>y%t ' k~HkofrA

13-

of.kt ~Nk=k%fLFkfr esaçFke dkS u&l k l w =k ço`r gksrk gS \ 1) pks%oq Q % 2) • fj p 3) >ykat ' kks¿Urs 4) ok i nkUrL;

8-9 "Vq uk "Vq % AA( 8-4-40) lw =kkFkZ& l dkj roxZdk "kdkj VoxZosQl kFk ; ksx gksusi j "kdkjVoxZgksrk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =k gS Anksi n gS A"k~p Vq a %p "Vq % ] rsu "Vq uk }U}l ekl gS A"k~p Vq %p bfr "Vq %}U}l ekl ] og ; gk¡i q fYyÄ~ x esagS ALrks%' pq uk' pq %l w =k l sLrks%"k"BÔUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS Al ~p rq %p Lrq % ] rL; Lrks%}U} l ekl gS Ai n; kst uk & Lrks%"Vq uk "Vq % Al w =kkFkZgksrk gS & l dkj roxZdk "kdkj VoxZosQl kFk ; ksx gksusi j "kdkj VoxZgksrk gS & roxZdk "kdkj osQl kFk ; ksx gSrks"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l sçkIr "Vq Ro rks%f"k l w =k l sfu"ks/ djrk gS AroxZdk"kdkj osQl kFk ; ksx gksusi j "Vq Ro rc ghçkIr gksl drkgS ] ; fn Lrks%"Vq uk; ksx fo"k; esa; Fkkl a [ ; ughagS A v FkkZ r ~l dkj roxZdk "kdkj VoxZosQl kFk ; Fkkl EHko ; ksx gksrk gS ] ogka ; Fkkl a [ ; ughagS, slk rks%f"k l w =kkjEHk i kf.kfueq fu Kkfi r djrsgS & a mnkgj . k & nso""kMkuu% A lw =kkFkZ l eUo; & nso' kCn dkl q çR;; ; ksx l snsol ~"kMkuu%fLFkfr gksrhgS Aogkal l t q "kks#% 148


gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ lw =kl s#Ro gksrkgS Aml l snsoj~"kMkuu%gksrkgS A• jol ku; ksfoZ ltZ uh; %l w =kl sfol xZdjusi j nso% "kMkuu%gksrk gS A nso%"kMkuu%fLFkfr esa; gk¡ i nkUr fol xZgS Aml l si j ' kj~"kdkj gS Afol t Z uh; L; l % l w =k l sfuR; l dkj çkIr gksusi j ok' kfj fol xZdksfodYi l sfol xZgksrkgS Aml l snso%"kMkuu%fl f¼ gksrkgS A


fol xZvHkkoi {kesarksns o%"kMkuu%; gk¡fol t Z uh; L; l %mRl xZl w =kl s l dkj gksrkgS Aml l s nsol ~"kMkuu%fLFkfr gksrh gS A; gk Lrksl dkj dk "Vq uk "kdkj osQl kFk ; ksx gS Av r%"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l sl dkj dks"kdkj djusi j nso""kMkuu%l k/ q: i curk gS A è; ku nsa % xhrk; k"VhdkAxhrk; kl ~VhdkfLFkfr esal l t q "kks#%l w =kl s#Ro gksusi j xhrk; kj~VhdkfLFkfr esa• jol ku; ksfoZ ltZ uh; %l w =k l sjsiQdksfol xZgksusi j xhrk; k%Vhdk fLFkfr gksrh gS Aml osQckn fol t Z uh; L; l %l w =kl sfol xZdksl dkj djusi j xhrk; kl ~VhdkgksrhgS AogkLrks%l dkj dk"Vq uk Vdkj osQl kFk ; ksx gS Av r%"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l sl dkj dk ; Fkkl a [ ; euq ns'k%l ekuke~i fjHkk"kk cy l s "kdkj djusi j xhrk; k"Vhdk l k/ q: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A Lrksdk"Vq ukl s; kxs ; gk¡; Fkkl a [ ; bl dkç; kst u ughagSLi "VdjusosQfy, gh; g mnkgj.k ; gk¡fn; k x; kgS ALrks%eè; esal dkj çFke o.kZ ] "Vq uk; gk¡Vdkj f}rh; o.kZgS Afi Q j Hkh"Vq uk"Vq % lw =k ço`r gS Av r%; ksxfo"k; esa; Fkk l a [ ; ughagS, slk t kuuk pkfg, A

8-10 u i nkUrkêð ksjuke~ AA( 8-4-41) lw =kkFkZ& i nkUr VoxZl si jsukeo; ofHkUu Lrqdks"Vqughagksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & fu"ks/ l w =kgS Apkj i n gS A au i nkUrkr~Vks%v uke~l w =kesami fLFkr i nksadkl a f/ foPNsn gS Au v O;; i n gS Ai nL; v Ur%i nkUr% ] rLekr~i nkUrkr~bfr "k"BhrRiq #"k%l ekl % AVks%bfr Vq' kCn dk i ×k~ peh, dopuAv uke~; | fi çFkek, dopu osQl eku gSfi Q j Hkhv uke~çkfri fnd "k"BÔUr dk i n gS Ai jUrqogk "k"Bhyq Ir gS Av r%yq Ir "k"Bhi n dgykrk gSv kS j bl i n dk uke v o; o fHkUu v FkZgS Av FkkZ r ~uke~bl dkt ksv o; o udkj] ml l sfHkUu ft rukALrks%' pq uk' pq %l w =k l sLrks%"k"BÔUr i n dh v uq o`fr gS Al ~p rq %Lrq % ] rL; Lrks%bfr }U} l ekl % A"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l s "Vq %çFkekUr i n dh v uq o`fr gS A"k~p Vq %p "Vq %}U} l ekl Ai n ; kst uk & u i nkUrkr~Vks%v uke~ Lrks%"V% qAl w =kkFkZ& i nkUr VoxZl si jsuke v o; ofHkUu Lrqdks"Vqughagksrk gS A mnkgj . k & "kV~l Ur% A lw =kkFkZ l eUo; & "k"k~çkfri fnd dk"kM~çFkekUr : i gS A"kM~l Ur%fLFkfr esaLrks%l dkj dk "Vq ukMdkj osQl kFk ; ksx gS Aogka"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l sl dkj dks"Vq Ro "kdkj çkIr gS Ai jUrq; gk¡i nkUr VoxZMdkj gS Aml osQckn Lrql dkj gS Av r%u i nkUrkêð ksjuke~l w =kl sfu"ks/ gksrkgS A"kdkj ughagksrk gS Aml osQckn >y Mdkj l si js• j~l dkj gS Av r%• fj p l w =kl sMdkj osQLFkku esaLFkku v kUr; Z l sVdkj gksrk gS Arc "kV~l Ur%l k/ q: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A

8-10-1) v ukEuofr &uxj h. kkfefr okP; e~ A( okfr Z d e~ ) okfr Z d kFkZ& u i nkUrkêð ksjuke~l w =k l sfd; k x; k fu"ks/ uke~' kCn dk v o; o dksNksM+ dj


149


gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ v U;=k gksrk gS ALrksosQ"Vq Ro dk fu"ks/ uke~; gk¡ i j t S l k ughagksrk gSoS l k uofr uxjh ' kCnksadk Hkhfu"ks/ ughagksrk gS Av FkkZ r ~"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l suke~uofr uxjhrhuksadk "Vq Ro gksrk gS; g okfrZ d dk Hkko gS A mnkgj . k & "k..kke~ A"k..kofrA"k..kx; Z % A

okfr Z d kFkZl eUo; & "k"k~çkfri fnd dk"k"Bhcgq opukUr : i "k..kke~gS Aogk: i l k/ uØe esa"k"k~v ke~fLFkfr gksusi j uq Mkxe djusi j "k"k~uke~gksrkgS Aogka>ykat ' kks¿Urs l w =kl si nkUr "kdkj dkLFkkuÑn v kUr; Zl sMdkj djusi j "kM~uke~fLFkfr gksrhgS Aogkav c Lrks%udkj dk"Vq ukMdkj Av r%"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l sudkj dk "Vq Ro djusi j ; Fkkl a [ ; euq ns'k%l ekuke~i fjHkk"kk è; ku nsa % osQl kFk; ksx gS l s.kdkj djusi j "kM~.kke~gksrk gS AçR;; sHkk"kk; kafuR;e~okfrZ d gS Aml l sMdkj dksfuR; .kdkj gksrk gS Abl çdkj "k..kke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A u i nkUrkêð ksjuke~l w =kl sfd; k"Vq Rofu"ks/ v uke~i no' kl suke~v a ' kesaughagkrskgS Av kS j "Vq Ro gksrkgS A "kMf/ dk uofr%foxzg djusi j] rr%l ekl djusi j "kM~uofr%fLFkfr gksrh gS AogkaLrks osQudkj dk "Vq uk Mdkj osQl kFk ; ksx gS Av r%"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l sudkj dk "Vq Ro .kdkj çkIr gksus i j u i nkUrkêð ksjuke~l w =k l sml dk fu"ks/ çkIr gksrk gS Ai jUrqv ukEuofruxjh.kkfefr okP; e~okfrZ d esauofr' kCn dkmi knku fd; kgS Aml l s"Vq uk"Vq %l = wkl sfuckZ / "Vq Ro gksrkgS Arc "kM~.kofr%fLFkfr gksrh gS Aml dk çfØ; k l s"k..kofr%: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A

8-11 r ks%f"kAA( 8-4-42) lw =kkFkZ& roxZdk "kdkj i js"Vq Ro ughagksrk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k & fu"ks/ l w =k gS Anksi n gS Arks%( 6@ 1) ] f"k ( 7@ 1) Au i nkUrkêð ksjuke~l w =k l su v O;; i n dhv uq o`fr gS A"Vq uk"Vq %l w =kl s"Vq %çFkekUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS A"k~p Vq %p "Vq %bfr }U} l ekl % Ai n; kst uk& rks%"Vq %u f"kAl w =kkFkZ & roxZdk"kdkj i js"Vq Ro ughagksrkgS Av FkkZ r ~; fn roxZ l si j "kdkj gSrks"Vq uk "Vq %l w =k l sçkIr "Vq Ro ughagksrk gS A mnkgj . k & l u~"k"B% A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & v l ~ &/ krqdk' kr`çR;; ; ksx i q fyÄ~ a x çFkek, dopu esagSl u~ Al u~"k"B% fLFkfr es aLrk% s udkj dk"Vq uk"kdkj l s; ksx gS Av r%"Vq uk"Vq %l w =kl s; gk¡Lrk% s udkj dk"Vq Ro .kdkj çkIr gksrkgS Ai jUrqrks%f"kçÑr l w =kl sml dkfu"ks/ gksrkgS Av kS j l u~"k"B%; g gh: i l k/ qfl ¼ gksrkgS A v i okn & "Vq uk"Vq %( 8-4-41) rks%f"k( 8-4-43) ; snksuksal w =kv fl ¼dk.MesagS AfdUrq rks% f"kl w =k"Vq uk"Vq %( 8-4-41) l w =kl si jsgS Av r%"Vq uk"Vq %( 8-4-41) l w =kosQçfr rks%f"k( 8-4-43) lw =k dksi w oZ =kkfl ¼e~( 8-2-1) l w =k l sv fl ¼ gS Arks%f"k ( 8-4-43) bl l sfu"ks/ djusi j Hkh "Vq uk "Vq %( 8-4-41) l w =kço`fÙkpkgrk gS A; fn ço`r gksrkgSrksrks%f"k( 8-4-43) l w =kO;FkZgksrkgS AfdUrq i kf.kuhusdksbZHkhl w =k O;FkZughacuk; kgS Av r%opuçek.; l s"Vq uk "Vq %( 8-4-41) bl dkrks%f"k ( 8-4-43) l w =k v i okn gksrk gS Av kS j v i okn v fl ¼ ughagksrk gS A

150



i kB&8

i kBxr i z'u&2


14-

"Vu qk "Vq %l w =k dk v FkZfy[ ksa \

15-

"Vu qk "Vq %l w =k esafdudk ; Fkkl a [ ; gS \

16-

"Vu qk "Vq %l w =k esafdudk ; Fkkl a [ ; ughagS \

17-

dc Lrksdks"Vqughagksrk gS \

18-

"k..kke~; gk¡ i nkUr VoxZl si jsLrksdk "Vq Ro fu"ks/ gksusi j Hkh oS Q l s\

19-

l u~"k"B%; gk¡ i j Lrks%"Vq uk ; ksx gksusi j Hkh "Vq Ro oS Q l sA

20-

"Vu qk "Vq %bl dk fu"ks/ l w =k D; k gS A

è; ku nsa %

1) rks%f"k 2) ' kkr~ 3) • fj p 4) >ykat ' kks¿Urs 21-

buesal sdkS u&l k fu"ks/ l w =k ughagS A 1) rks%f"k 2) ' kkr~ 3) u i nkUrkêð ksjuke~ 4) • fj p

8-12 ; j ks¿uq ukfl osQ ¿uq ukfl d ksokAA( 8-4-44) lw =kkFkZ& i nkUr ; j dk v uq ukfl d i jsv uq ukfl d fodYi l sgksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =k gS Apkj i n gS A a ; j%v uq ukfl osQv uq ukfl d%ok l w =kxri nPNsn gS A ; j%( 6@ 1) ] v uq ukfl osQ( 7@ 1) ] v uq ukfl d%( 1@ 1) ] ok v O;; i n gS Au i nkUrkêð ksjuke~l w =k l s i nkUrkn~i ×k~ pE; Ur i n dhv uq o`fr gSv kS j og i nkUrL; "k"BÔUr l sfoi fj.kke gkst krhgS Arc i n ; kst uk gksrh gS& ; j%i nkUrL; v uq ukfl osQv uq ukfl d%okAl w =kkFkZ& i nkUr ; j dksv uq ukfl d i js v uq ukfl d fodYi l sgksrk gS A foo`fr & v uq ukfl d i js; j osQLFkku es av uq ukfl d gksrkgS ALFkkuh; j~v kS j vkns'kv uq ukfl d gS Aogk v uq ukfl dk dkS u gS AjsiQÅ"ek.k l o.kZughagksrsgS ] v FkkZ a r ~jsiQdk v kS j ' k~"k~l ~g~budk l o.kZughagS ] jsiQv Fkok' k~"k~l ~g~vuq ukfl d ughagksrsgS A; ~Õk~ a ¡o~O¡k~y~Y¡k~; o~y dkv uq ukfl dk gS Ai jUrqfdl hHkhi n osQv Ur esa; oykughagksrsgS Av r%muosQLFkku esaghv uq a ukfl d ughagksrk gS Al HkhLojksadkv uq ukfl d gS Abl çdkj osQ oy l HkhLoj Õ¡k~O¡k~Y¡k~×k~e~Ä~.k~u~; sghv uq ukfl d


151


gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ gS Amuesal sdkS a u&l k gksLFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kk l sfu.kZ ; djuk pkfg, Apox±dksNksM+ d j oxks±dk i ×pe o.kZi js] i nkUr esaorZ eku oxks±osQçFke v kS j r`r h; o.kZosQLFkku esaml o.kZdkrhl jkv Fkok i ka pok o.kZgksrk gS, slk v FkZt kuuk pkfg, A mnkgj . k & , rUeq j kfj%, rÁq j kfj% A

lw =kkFkZl eUo; & , rL; eq j kfj%"k"Bh rRiq #"k l ekl gS Av Fkok , "k eq j kfj%deZ / kj; l ekl gS Al ekl djusi j , rn~eq j kfj%fLFkfr gksrhgS A, rn~ndkjkUr l oZ uke gS Al ekl djusi j l ekl i nksa esafoHkfÙkQdk yq d ~gksrk gS AoS l sHkh çR;; yksisçR;; y{k.ke~i fjHkk"kk l sçR;; y{k.k djusi j Av r%l q fIrÄUrai ne~bl l sml dhi n l a KkgksrhgS Av r%, rn~i n osQv Ur es afo| eku è; ku nsa % , rn~l qcUr gS ; j~ndkj gS Aml osQckn eq j kfj' kCn dkedkj v uq ukfl d gS Av r%v uq ukfl d i js; j ndkj osQLFkku esav uq ukfl d dkfo/ ku djrsgS Aogkav p%Õk¡~Ok~ a ¡Yk~ ¡×k~e~Ä~.k~u~; sv uq ukfl d mi yC/ gS Amuesa a LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kkl sndkj osQLFkku esav Urjre v kns'kdjukpkfg, Av r%; gk¡v kUrjrE; i jh{kk djuh pkfg, Aog ; gk¡ fn• kbZt krh gS A v kUrj r E; i j h{kk & çek. kÑnkUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& çek.k ; gk¡ mPpkj.k dkyAndkj v / Z ekf=kd] v kns'k esa , dkf/ d v / Z ekf=kdk gS Av r%dksbZHkh çek.k l sv Urjre ughagS A vFkÑ ZnkUr; ZgSvFkokugh& a o.kks±dkdkb sZHkhvFkZughagS Al eq nk; ghvFko Zku~rL; d Sns ' kk¿ suFkd Z% U;k; l sAv r%v FkZl sv kUr; Zdk fopkj ughadjrsgS A a xq . kÑnkUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha & xq . k ; gk¡ cká; Ru gS A ndkj dk cká; Ru l a okj ukn ?kks"k v Yi çk.k gS Av kns'kksaesav p dksNksM+ d j l Hkhcká; Ru l a okj ukn ?kks"k v Yi çk.k gS Av r%dksbZHkh a , d xq . k l sv Urjre ughagS A LFkkuÑn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& ndkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku nUr gS Av kns'kksaesaÆrq y l kuka nUrk%opu l s?k~ ¡Yk~ ¡u~budk mPpkj.kLFkku HkhnUr ghgS Abuesaudkj ghv Urjre gS Av r%ndkj osQLFkku esaudkj gksuk pkfg, Aml l s, rUeq j kfj%: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

8-12-1) çR;; sHkk"kk; kafuR;e~ A( okfr Z d e~ ) okfr Z d kFkZ& i kf.kfueq fu ykS fdd l a LÑr Hkk"kk esagh Hkk"kk bl dk ç; ksx djrsgS AykS a fdd la LÑr Hkk"kkesav uq ukfl dkfn&çR;; i jsi nkUr ; j dksfuR; v uq ukfl d gksrkgS A; gk¡i jRo l sx`ghr çR;; ml dk v kfn o.kZv uq ukfl d gS arks; g okfrZ d ço`r gksrk gS A mnkgj . k & rUek=ke~ AfpUe; e~ A l eUo; & rr~çek.ka; L; foxzgArn~ndkjUr l oZ uke l si j ek=kPk~ &rf¼rçR;; fofgr gksus i j rn~ek=ke~fLFkfr gksrhgS Aogkaek=kp~v uq ukfl dkfnçR;; gS Arf¼rçR;; l q cUr l sghgksrsgS Av r% a rn~l q cUr gS Aogkal q i dk yq d ~gksrk gS Afi Q j Hkh çR;; yksisçR;; y{k.ke~i fjHkk"kk l sçR;; y{k.k djosQrn~dh i nl a Kk fl ¼ gksrh gS A v r%; gk¡ rn~bl dk ndkj i nkUr gS A ndkj osQLFkku esa ; jk¿ suq ukfl osQ ¿uq ukfl dksokl w =kl sfodYi l sv uq ukfl d çkIr gksusi j bl okfrZ d l sfuR; v uq ukfl d dk fo/ ku djrsgS Arc ndkj osQLFkku esaLFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kk l sndkj l sv Urjre udkj gh a v kns'k gksrk gS Aml l srUek=ke~l k/ q: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A 152


gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ fpn~, o foxzg gS Afpr~l q cUri n l si j LokFkZesae; V~rf¼r çR;; dkfo/ ku djrsgS Arc a fpr~e; fLFkfr gS Ai w oZosQl eku ghfpr~bl dhi nl a KkgksrhgS Abl çdkj >ykat ' kks¿Urs i fjHkk"kk l srdkj osQLFkku esaLFkku v kUr; Zl sndkj gksrkgS Arc fpn~e; , slkgksrkgS Arc ndkj osQLFkku esa; jks¿uq ukfl osQ ¿uq ukfl dksok l w =k l sfodYi l sv uq ukfl d çkIr gksusi j bl okfrZ d l sfuR; v uq ukfl d fo/ ku djrsgS Arc ndkj osQLFkku esaLFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kkl sndkj l sv Urjre udkj a gh v kns'k gksrk gS Aml l srUe; gksusi j çfØ; k l sUe; e~l k/ q: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A

8-13 r ksfy Z AA( 8-4-59) lw =kkFkZ& ydkj i jsroxZdksi jl o.kZgksrk gS A


è; ku nsa %

lw =k O;k[ ; k& fof/ l w =kgS Abl l w =kesanksi n gS Arks%fy l w a =kesami fLFkr i nksadkl fUèkPNsn gS Arks%( 6@ 1) ] fy ( 7@ 1) Av uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZ %l w =kl si jl o.kZ %çFkekUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS A i jL; l o.kZ %i jl o.kZ %"k"BhrRiq #"k%l ekl gS Al w =kkFkZ& ydkj i jsgksusi j roxZdksi jl o.kZgksrk gS A; gk¡roxZosQLFkku esat ksv kns'kfo/ h; eku gSogkai j ydkj dkl o.kZgksAydkj dky~Y¡k~nksuksa ghl o.kZgS A mnkgj . k & rYy; % Afo}kufy• frA lw =kkFkZl eUo; & rfLeu~y; l IrehrRi# q"kgS Av FkokrL; y; %"k"BhrRiq #"kgS Al ekl djus i j rn~y; %fLFkfr gksrhgS AroxZndkj l si j ydkj gS Av r%rksfyZl w =kl sndkj osQLFkku esaydkj dksl o.kZdk fo/ ku gS ALFkkuhndkj v uuq ukfl d gS ALFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kk l sv uuq ukfl d ndkj l sv Urjre v uuq ukfl d ydkj gh v kns'k gksAml l srYy; %l k/ q: i curk gS A fo}ku~fy• fr okD; gS AokD; esal a fgrk dh foo{kk gSrks; gk¡ rks%udkj i jsfy• fr ' kCn dkydkj gS Av r%rksfyZl w =kl sudkj osQLFkku esai j ydkj dkl o.kZfo/ ku gksrkgS ALFkkuhudkj v uq ukfl d gS Avr%LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kkl sv uq ukfl d udkj l sv Urjre v uq ukfl d ydkj ghgksA ml l sfo}kufy• fr l k/ q: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A ; g ; gk¡ t kuuk pkfg, dh fo}kufy• fr fo}kufy• fr nksuksaHksn gS Afo}kufy• fr : i esa v uq ukfl d v kdkj gS ] ydkj ughagS Afo}kufy• fr : i esarksYk~v uq ukfl d gS Av r%; g ghb"V : i gS ] fo}kufy• fr ughagS A

i kBxr i z'u&3 22-

, rUeq j kfj%; gk¡ ndkj dksudkj fdl l w =k l sgksrk gS \

23-

rksfyZl w =k dk v FkZfy• sa \

24-

fpr~e; e~fLFkfr esal fU/ fdrusçdkj gksrh gS \

25-

çR;; sHkk"kk; kafuR;e~l w =k dk v FkZfy• \a s

26-

rksfyZl w =k dk mnkgj.k fy• sa \


153

i kB&8


gYk~l fU/ esa 8-14 mn%LFkkLr EHkks%i w oZ L; AA( 8-4-60) #Ro&' pq R okfnl fU / lw =kkFkZ& mn osQi j LFkk&LrEHk dksi w oZ l o.kZgksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =kgS Abl l w =kesarhu i n gS Amn%mn~mi l xZdk i ×peh, dopukUr a i n gS ALFkkLrEHkks%"k"Bhf}opu gS Ai w oZ L; "k"Bh, dopuAv uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZ %l w =k l sl o.kZ % çFkekUr i n dh v uq o`fr gS Ai n; kst uk & mn%LFkkLrEHkks%i w oZ L; l o.kZ % A lw =kkFkZfu"i knu & mn%; gk¡ t ksi ×peh og fnX; ksx i ×peh dgykrk gS Aml osQgksusi j Amn%i ×k~ pehfunZ s'kgksusl sdk; Z è; ku nsa % rLekfnR;qÙkjL; i fjHkk"kkl smn~bl l sv O;ofgri j dksdk; ZgksrkgS fofgr gS AfdUrqLFkkLrEHkks%"k"BhgS Av r%mn l si j dksdk; Zfofgr Li "V gS Ai j l Ei w . kZLFkkv Fkok LrEHk~nksuksaosQLFkku esadk; ZdksçkIr gksrkgS Av Fkokv yks¿UR;L; i fjHkk"kkl sLFkkLrEHkosQv fare v y dksv kns'k çkIr gkrskgS Aml dk v i okn gksusl sçck/ v kfn osQi j dksi fjHkk"kk osQl kFk v FkZ gksrk gSdh LFkk LrEHk~bu nksuksaosQv kfn v y osQLFkku esav kns'k gksrk gS A v kns'kdkS u gS AogkadgrsgS ai w oZdkl o.kZv kns'kgksAi w oZndkj gS Aml dksl o.kZv kns'kgksA ndkj osQr~Fk~n~/ ~u~i ka p l o.kZgS Amuesal sdkS a u&l kgksArc LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kkl sLFkkLrEHk~ nksuksaosQv kfno.kZl dkj gS ] ml dksv Urjre v kns'k gksAv r%v kUrjre i jh{kkb"V gS a Al w =kkFkZ& mn l si j LFkk&LrEHkosQv kfn esai w oZ l o.kZgksrkgS; gk¡v kUrjrE; i jh{kkdjuhpkfg, Aog ; gk¡çnf' kZ r djrsgS A a

v kUrj r E; i j h{kk& LFkkuÑn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& l dkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku nUr gS Av kns'k esaÆrq y l kuka nUrk%opu l sndkj dksl o.kZr~Fk~n~/ ~u~ bu i ka p dkmPpkj.kLFkku HkhnUr ghgS Av r%l dkj l sl n`' kre muesadksbZ, d çkIr ughagksrk gS Al Hkh l eku gS A a çek. kÑn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& çek.k; gk¡mPpkj.kdky gS Al dkj v / Z ekf=kd] v kns'kksa esar~Fk~n~/ ~u~; sl Hkh v / Z ekf=kdk gS Av r%dksbZHkh çek.k l sv Urjre ughagS A v FkZ Ñn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& o.kks±dk dksbZHkhv FkZughagksrkgS Al eq nk; ghv FkZ oku~ ml dk , d Hkkx v uFkZ d gSbl U;k; l sAv r%v FkZl sv kUr; Zdk fopkj ughadjrsgS A a xq . kÑn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& xq . k ; gk¡ cká; Ru gS A o. kZ

154

cká; Ru

Lk~

fookj

' okl

v ?kks"k

egkçk. k

Rk~

fookj

' okl

v?kk"sk

vYi çk.k

Fk~

fookj

' okl

v ?kks"k

egkçk. k

n~

lo akj

ukn

?kk"sk

vYi çk.k

èk~

lo akj

ukn

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egkçk.k

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lo akj

ukn

?kk"sk

vYi çk.k


i kB&8

gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ v r%l dkj osQl n`' k ckáç; Ru osQ oy Fkdkj dk gh gS Av r%l dkj osQLFkku esandkj dk l o.kZFkdkj ghv kns'k gksl drk gS A v r%mn~LFkkue~ ] mn~LrEHkue~; gk¡i j l dkj dkLFkku esaFkdkjsi jsmn~FFkkue~ ] mn~FrEHkue~ fLFkfr gksrh gS Arc&


8-15 >j ks>fj l o. kZ sAA( 8-4-64) lw =kkFkZ& gy osQi j >j dk fodYi l syksi gksrk gSl o.kZ>j i jsA

a % lw =kO;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =k gS Arhu i n gS A>j%>fj l o.kZ a sl w =kxri nPNsn gS A>j%( 6@ 1) ] >fj è; ku ns ( 7@ 1) ] l o.ksZ( 7@ 1) Agyks; eka; fe yksi%l = wkl sgy%i ×k~ pE; Ur i n] v kS j yksi%çFkekUr i n dh v uq o`fr gS A>; ksgks¿U;rjL; ke~l w =kl sv U;rjL; ke v O;; i n dhv uq o`fr gS Av U;rjL; ke~bl v O;; dkfoHkk"kkv FkokfodYi l sv FkZgksrkgS Arc i n; kst uk& gy%>j%>fj l o.kZ syksi%v U;rjL; ke~ A lw =kkFkZ& gy i js>j dk fodYi l syksi gksrk gSl o.kZ>j i jsAv FkkZ r ~Øe l s gYk~ $>$l j~ o.kZ > fLFkfr gksrh gSrksi w oZ >j dk yksi fodYi l sgksrk gS A mnkgj . k & mn~Fk~Fkkue~ ] mn~Fk~rEHkue~ A; gk¡gy~ndkj gS Arr i j Fkdkj > gS AFkdkj l s i j Fkdkj v kjSrdkj l o.kZ> gS Av r%>jks>fj l o.kZ sl w =k l sndkj l si j Fkdkj dk fodYi l s yksi gksrk gS Arc& y ksii {k esa

y ksi v Hkkoi {k esa

mn~Fkkue~ ]

mn~Fk~Fkkue~

mn~rEHkue~

mn~Fk~rEHkue~

fLFkfr gksrh gS Aogk v c • fj p l w =k l sndkj l si j • j~pkj : i ksaesagS Av r%l Hkh t xg ndkj osQLFkku esaLFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kk l sLFkku l sv Urjre pj~rdkj gh gksrk gSrc& y ksii {k esa

y ksi v Hkkoi {k esa

mr~Fkkue~& mRk~Fk~Fkkue~

mr~Fk~Fkkue~& mRFFkkue~

mr~rEHkue~& mÙkEHkue~

mr~Fk~rEHkue~& mRFrEHkue~

bl çdkj yksii {k esamRFkkue~mÙkEHkue~nksuksa: i gksrsgS av kS j yksi v Hkkoi {k esamRFFkkue~ mRFrEHkue~nksuksa: i gksrsgS A a foLr kj & ( i j h{kk osQfy , ughagS ) & mn~Fkkue~bR;kfn fLFkfr esayksi v kS j yksi v Hkko esat ksfLFkfr gksrhgSogk• fj p ( 8-4-54) l w =kn`f"V l syksifo/ k; d >jks>fj l o.kZ s( 8-4-64) HkhFkdkj fo/ k; d mn%LFkkLrEHkks%i w oZ L; ( 8-4-60) nksuksal w =k v fl ¼ gS Av r%• fj p ( 8-4-54) a lw =kew y l dkj dksns• dj ghndkj dksrdkj djrkgS AoS l sos: i gksa AHkk"; dkjer esa• fj p ( 84-54) l w =k dk v "Vkè; k; h esaLFkku i fjorZ u djosQ' k' Nks¿fV ( 8-4-62) l w =k osQckn LFkkfi r gksrk gS A rc Åi j fd; k yksi v kS j l dkj dksfd; k Fkdkj nksuksaHkh fl ¼ gka sA i jUrq; g l Hkh fo"k; ckyksi; ksxhughagSrFkkbl xzUFk esamYysf• r gksrk gS A; g ppkZfof' k"V fof' k"V ft Kkl k dh' kka fr osQfy, fn; k gS Aº


155

i kB&8


gYk~l fU/ esa 8-16 >; ksgks¿U;r j L; ke~ AA( 8-4-61) #Ro&' pq R okfnl fU / lw =kkFkZ& >; osQi j gdkj dksi w oZ l o.kZfodYi

l sgksrk gS A

lw =kO;k[ ; k& fof/ l w =kgS Arhu i n gS A>; %(5@ 1) ] g%( 6@ 1) ] v U;rjL; ke~; g foHkk"kkv FkZ osQfy, v O;; gS Amn%LFkkLrEHkks%i w oZ L; ( 8-4-60) l w =k l si w oZ L; "k"BÔUr i n dh v uq o`fr gS A v uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZ %l w =kl sl o.kZ %çFkekUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS Arc i n ; kst ukgksrhgS& >; % g%i w oZ L; l o.kZ %v U;rjL; ke~ Al w =kkFkZ& >; osQi j gdkj dksi w oZ l o.kZfodYi l sgksrk gS A

è; ku nsa %

mnkgj . k & okX?kfj% AokXgfj% A lw =kkFkZ l eUo; & okfp gfj%l IrehrRiq #"k% Aok.khfo"k; esai VqokDi Vqv FkZgS Al ekl djus i j okd~gfj%fLFkfr gkrsh gS Aokd~çR;; y{k.k l si n gS Av r%>ykat ' kks¿Ursl w =k l sddkj dks LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kkl sLFkku v kUr; Zt ' k~xdkj gksrkgS Aml l sokx~gfj%gksusi j ogk>; ~xdkj gS ] ml l si j gdkj gS A; gk¡çÑr l w =kl sgdkj osQLFkku esav kns'kdjukpkfg, Av kns'kdkS u gS Ai w oZ dkl o.kZ AdkS uiw oZ AxdkjAml osQl o.kZd • x ?kÄ ; si ka pA, d LFkkuh] v kS j v kns'ki ka pAv r% LFkkuhv kns'k l a [ ; koS "kE; gS Av r%LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kk l sdkVh djuk pkfg, Aml l sv kUrjrE; i jh{kkdjuhpkfg, A

v kUrj r E; i j h{kk & LFkkuÑn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& LFkkuh gdkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku d.B gS A v kns'k esa v oq Q gfol t Z uh; kukad.B%opu l sxdkj dk l o.kZd • x ?k Ä ; smPpkj.k LFkku Hkh d.B gh gS Av r%gdkj l sl n`' kre~muesadksbZ, d Hkh çkIr ughagksrk gSl Hkh v kns'k l eku ga A S ; gk¡ , d ykS fdd mnkgj.k fo"k; dh l jyrk osQfy, fn; k t krk gS& jke n' k euq "; ksadks dgrsgS aesjsgkFk esai ka p v keziQ y gS Av ki esal sft l osQgkFk esaesjsi Q a y osQl eku i Q y gS ] ml dks eS ai q j Ldkj nw xkA a ogka, d çl Ä~ x & ogkaçR;sd euq "; osQgkFkesai Q y gS Ai jUrq, d osQ, d v keziQ y] fdl h osQnks] fdl hosQrhu i u q fdl hos QpkjAfdl h , d eUnkj osQgkFkesai ka p v kez iQ y gS Arc l n`' kre~ dkS u gS Aft l osQgkFk esai ka p iQ y gSog gh l n`' kre gS Av r%i q j Ldkj eUnkj osQfy, fn; k t krk gS A f}rh; çl Ä~ x & muesaçR;sd euq "; osQgkFkesai ka p iQ y gS AfdUrql HkhosQgkFkesacnji Q a y gS A, d osQHkhgkFk esav keziQ a y ughagS Arc l n`' kre dkS uArc l Hkh l eku gS AdksbZ, d l n`' kre a ughagS Av r%i q j Ldkj ughafn; k t krk gS A v r%; fn v kns'k esafo| eku l Hkh l eku gS arksdksbZHkh v Urjre ughagS A çek. kÑn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& çek.k; gk¡mPpkj.kdkyAgdkj v / Z ekf=kd] v kns'kd • x ?k Ä ; sl Hkh Hkh v / Z ekf=kdk gS Av r%muesadksbZ, d Hkh çek.k l sv Urjre ughagS A a v FkZ Ñn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& o.kks±osQdksbZHkhv FkZughagksrkgS Al eq nk; ghv FkZ oku~ gksrk gSrL; S d ns'kks¿uFkd Z%U;k; l sAv r%v FkZl sv kUr; Zdk fopkj ughadjrsgS A a xq . kÑn v kUr; ZgSv Fkok ugha& xq . k ; gk¡ cká; Ru gS A 156


i kB&8

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è; ku nsa %

v r%gdkj osQl n`' kckáç; Ru osQ oy ?kdkj ghgS Av r%gdkj osQLFkku esaxdkj dkl o.kZ ?kdkj ghvkns'kgksl drkgS Aml l si w olZo.kiZ{kesaokx~?kfj%& okX?kfj%: i fu"i Uu gksrkgS Ai o wZ l o.kZ dk oS d fYi d gksusl si {k esaokXgfj%f}rh; : i Hkh curk gS A

8-17 ' k' Nks¿fVAA( 8-4-62) lw =kkFkZ& >; osQi j ' kdkj dksN%fodYi l sgksrk gSv V i jsA lw =kO;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =kgS Al w =kesarhu i n ga A' k%N%v fV l w S =kxr i nPNsn gS A' k%( 6@ 1) ] N%( 1@ 1) ] v fV ( 7@ 1) A>; ksgks¿U;rjL; ke~l = wkl s>; %i ×peh, dopukUr] v U;rjL; ke~v O;; nksuksai n dhv uq o`fr gS Arc i n; kst ukgksrhgS & >; %' k%N%v fV v U;rjL; ke~ Al w =kdkv FkZ& >; osQi js' kdkj dksNdkj fodYi l sgksv V i jsAv FkkZ r ~; fn >; ~$ ' k $ v V~fLFkfr gksrks' kdkj osQLFkku esafodYi l sNdkj gksrk gS A mnkgj . k & rfPNo%rfP' ko% A lw =kkFkZ l eU o; & l %f' ko%foxzg%v FkokrL; f' ko%foxz gAl ekl djusi j v kS j l iq~dkyq d gksusi j rn~f' ko%fLFkfr gksrh gS A; gk¡ >; ~ndkj gS ] ml osQi j f' ko' kCn dk v kfn o.kZ' kdkj gS A ' kdkj l si j v V~bdkj HkhgS Av r%; gk¡' k' Nk¿ sfV l w =k dhço`fÙk gS Ai jUrqLrqosQndkj dk ' pq uk ' kdkj osQl kFk; ksx gS Av r%Lrks%' pq uk' pq %l = wkHkh; gk¡çl ÙkQgS AfdUrq>y~ndkj gS ] ml osQckn • j~' kdkj gS Av r%• fj p ( 8-4-54) l w =k Hkhço`Ùk gksuk pkgrk gS Arhuksl w =kksaesa; q xi r~çkIr gksus i j oLrq r %foçfr"ks/si jadk; Z e~i fjHkk"kkl sfu.kZ ; v U;=kfd; kt krkgS Ai jUrqv fl ¼dk.Mesav FkkZ r~ rhu i kn esaog l EHko ughagS Arhu i kn esarksi w oZosQçfr i j' kkL=kv fl ¼ gS Av r%l EHko gksusi j iw oZ lw =k v kfn esaço`r gksrk gS Aml osQckn ml l si jofrZl w =k Øe l sAv r%Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k l s Lrqndkj osQLFkku l sv kUr; Z' pq Ro t dkj gku ssi j rt ~f' ko%fLFkfr gksrh gS Arc >y~t dkj dk >' k ' kdkj l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r%• fj p l = wk l s>y t dkj osQLFkku esaLFkku v kUr; Zl spRoZ pdkj djusi j rp~f' ko%fLFkfr gksrh gS Av c ; gk¡ >; ~pdkj gS ] ml osQckn ' kdkj gS ] ' kdkj l s i jsv V~bdkj gS Av r ' k' Nks¿fV l w =kl s' kdkj dksfodYi l sNdkj djusi j NRoi {kesarp~fNo% & rfPNo%v kjSNRo v Hkkoi {k esarp~f' ko%& rfP' ko%: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A


157

i kB&8


gYk~l fU/ esa 8-17-1) NRoeehfr okP; e~A( okfr Zd e~) #Ro&' pq R okfnl fU / okfr Z d kFkZ& ' k' Nks¿fV l w =k esav V~t ksdgk gSml dksNksM+ dj

v e~, slk dguk pkfg, ; g okfrZ d kFkZgS A v FkkZ r ~>; osQi j ' kdkj dksfodYi l sNRo gksrk gSv e~i jsA v V~çR;kgkj dk ×keÄ.kue~l w =k osQedkj rd bl dkscy~t dkj >' k ' kdkj l sv O;ofgri w oZgS Av r%• fj p l w =k l s>y t dkj osQ LFkku esaLFkku v kUr; Zl spRoZpdkj djusi j rp~' yksd %fLFkfr gksrhgS Av c ; gk¡>; ~pdkj gS ] ml osQckn ' kdkj gS ] ' kdkj l si jsv V~ughagS Av r ' k' Nks¿fV l w =kl s; gk¡NRo l EHko ughagS Av r% bl okfrZ d dhjpuk dkR;k; ueq fu usdhAogka' kdkj l si j ydkj gSv kS j og v V~esaughagS ] v e~ es agSvr%çÑr okfrZ d l s' kdkj dksfodYi l sNdkj djusi j NRoi {kesarp~N~ y kd s %& rPN~ y kd s% NRo v Hkkoi {k esarp~' yksd % & rP' yksd %: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS A

i kBxr i z'u&4 27-

mn%LFkkLrEHkks%i w oZ L; l w =k dk v FkZfy• sa A

28-

>jks>fj l o.kZ sl w =k dk v FkZfy• sa A

29-

>; ksgks¿U;rjL; ke~l w =k dk mnkgj.k D; k gS \

30-

' k' Nks¿fV l w =k dk mnkgj.k D; k gS \

i kB l kj ; g l fU/çdj.kv fl ¼dk.Mes agS Av r%; gk¡i w oZosQçfr i j l w =kv fl ¼ gS Aml l sdc fdl lw =kdhço`fÙkgksrhgSfu.kZ ; osQfy, l w =kksadki w oZi j Øe dkv o' ; Kku gksukpkfg, Aml osQfy, v fl ¼dk.M dk v "Vkè; k; hØe l sd.BLFkhdj.k cgq r gh Kku o/ Z d gS A O;kdj.kdkdk; Zfg l k/ q' kCn fuekZ . kgS AogkaçÑfÙkosQl kFkçR;; dkst ksM+ ukpkfg, Al q i~ v kS j frÄ~çR;; t ksM+ sarksl eq nk; i nl a Kd gksrkgS Ai n osQv Ur esal dkj v usd t xg çkIr gS A; Fkk l qt l ~' kl ~, sl~fHkl ~H; l ~Äfl Äl ~v ksl~bu l q i esa ] rl ~fl i ~Fkl ~ol ~el ~Fkkl ~; sfrÄ l dkjkUr çR;; gS Av U; Hkhoq a Q N buosQLFkku esav kns'k gksrsgS arc i nkUr esal dkj çkIr gksrk gS Abl i nkUr esal dkj dksl l t q "kks#%l w =k l s#Ro gksrk gS A 158


gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ #Ro gksusi j ; fn • j~v Fkok v ol ku gksrks• jol ku; ks%fol t Z uh; %l w =k l sjsiQdksfol xZ gksrk gS A; fn fol xZl si j • ; ~gksrksfol xZdksl dkj gksrk gS A; fn ' kj~gksrksfodYi l sfol xZ v Fkok l dkj gksrk gSok ' kfj l w =k l sA


l dkj v kS j roxZdk' kdkj v kS j poxZosQl kFk ; Fkkl a Hko ; ksx gksusi j l dkj roxZosQLFkku esa' pq Ro Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k l sgksrk gS A i nkUr esa>y~gSrksml osQLFkku esat ' Ro >ykat ' kks¿Ursl w =kl sfo/ ku djrsgS A• j i js>yks a dkspRoZ• fj p l w =k l sfo/ ku djrsgS A a ' kkr~i jsroxZdkspoxZughagksrkgS' kkr~bl l w =kdkv FkZgS AmRl xZ lw =kdjosQvi okn v Fkok fu"ks/ djrsgS a; g i kf.kfu dh ' kS y h gS Aogka; g ' kkr~l w =k fu"ks/ l w =k gS A

è; ku nsa %

l dkj roxZdk "kdkj VoxZosQl kFk ; kxs gksusi j "kdkj VoxZdk fo/ ku djrsgS A"Vq a uk "Vq % lw =k l si jUrqi nkUr VoxZl si j Lrqdks"Vq Ro dk fu"ks/ u i nkUrkêð ksjuke~l w =k l sdjrsgS Abl çdkj a roxZdk "kdkj i js"Vq Ro dk fu"ks/ rks%f"k l = wk l sA i nkUr ; j dksv uq ukfl d i jsv uq ukfl d fodYi l sgksrk gS; jks¿uq ukfl osQ ¿uq ukfl dksok l w =k l sAydkj i jsroxZdksi jl o.kZfo/ ku rksfyZl w =k l sA gy~osQi j >j dk fodYi yksi l o.kZ>j i jsgksrksgksrkgS>jks>fj l o.kZ sl w =kl s>; osQ i jsgdkj dksi w oZ l o.kZfodYi l sgksrk gS ] >; ksgks¿U;rjL; ke~l w =k l sA ; fn >; ~$ ' k $ v e~fLFkfr gSrks' kdkj osQLFkku esafodYi l sNdkj ' k' Nks¿fV l w =k l s gksrkgS A

i kBkUr i z'u uhpsoq Q N ç' u fn, t krsgS Amudk mÙkj çeq a [ ; : i l snh?kZgh gksrk gS Al w =kO;k[ ; ku v kS j : i l k/ u ; snksuksaghO;kdj.kç' u osQeq [ ; çdkj gS Av Pl fU/çdj.kesa; ksX; rkcf' kl w =kesa: i l k/ u oS Q l sdjukpkfg, : i l k/ u osQvusd çdkj l sfoLrkj l fgr çnf' kZ r gS Av r%ml LFky dksns• dj v kS j l e>dj v U; : i ksadksl k/ u dkç; kl fu"Bkl sdjuk pkfg, AçFke y?kq: i dksfl ¼ djksAml osQckn Øe' k%foLrkj djuk pkfg, A 1-

l l t "qkks#%l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

2-

Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

3-

>ykat ' kks¿Ursl w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

4-

"Vu qk "Vq %l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A

5-

; jks¿uq ukfl osQ ¿uq ukfl dksok l w =k dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A


159


gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ 6-

è; ku nsa %

; gk¡uhpsçkjEHkfLFkfr nsrsgS av kS j t ks: i l k/ uh; gS aog HkhnsrsgS Aog çnÙk: i l w a =kl fgr fl ¼ dhft , A çkj EHk

l kè; : i

çkj EHk

l kè; : i

rn~' yksd %

rP' yksd %

eU=kku~fy•

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v T>zLo%

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mn~LFkkue~

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f' kol ~' ka d j%

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rn~u

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l r~ekxZ %

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eukd~gl fr

eukX?kl fr

e`n~e; e~

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xzkekn~pfyr%

xz kekPpfyr%

Ñ".kl ~pi y%

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i kBxr i z'uksÙkj mÙkj Hkkx&1

160

1-

l dkjkUri n v kjSl t q "kUri n osQv a fre dks# gksrk gS• j i jsA

2-

i nkUrL; j%nksuka sdh l eku foHkfÙkQgksusl srnUr fof/ gksrh gS A

3-

v ol ku esajsiQdksfol xZ• jol ku; ksfoZ ltZ uh; %l w =k l sA

4-

fol xZl s' kj i jsfol xZdksfol xZfodYi l sok ' kfj l w =k l sgksrk gS A

5-

Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k esaLrks%LFkkuh l s' pq uk v kns'k ; Fkkl a [ ; gS A

6-

Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k esaLrks%LFkkuh dks' pq uk fufeÙk osQl kFk ; ksx esa; Fkkl a [ ; ughagS

7-

l r~fpr~fLFkfr esaçFke gh Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l w =k ço`Ùk ughagksrk gS A; | fi Lrks%rdkj dk ' pq uk pdkj osQl kFk ; ksx fn• kbZnsrk gSfi Q j Hkh >ykat ' kks¿Ursl w =k ço`Ùk gS AD; ka sfd & v fl ¼dk.M esai w oZ lw =k çfr i jl w =k v fl ¼ gS A v r%l r~fpr~fLFkfr esal cl s i gys v fl ¼dk.Mesa>ykat ' kks¿Urs( 8-2-39) l w =k ço`Ùk gS Aml l srdkj dkst ' k~ndkj gksrk gS A rc l n~fpr~fLFkfr gksrhgS A; gk¡HkhLrks%' pq uk' pq %( 8-4-39) v kS j • fj p ( 8-4-54) nksuksa dh, d l kFkçkfIr gS Ai jUrqLrks%' pq uk' pq %( 8-4-39) l w =kv fl ¼dk.Mesai w oZgS ] • fj p ( 8-4-54) i j gS Av r%i w oZ lw =kLrks%' pq uk' pq %( 8-4-39) dhço`fÙkv kfn esagksrhgS Aml l s


gYk~l fU/ esa#Ro&' pq Rokfnl fU/ LrqosQndkj dks' pqt dkj gksrk gS Arc l t ~fpr~fLFkfr gksrh gS A 8-

' kkr~i j rqdk pql s; ksx gksusi j pq Ro ughagS A

9-

ç' u%; gk¡' kdkj l si j LrqgS Av r%' kkr~i j rqdkspq Ro ' kkr~l w =k l sfu"ks/ djrk gS Av r% ogk Lrks%' pq uk ; ksx esaHkh ' pq Ro ughagksrk gS A

10-

1)

11-

1)

12-

4)

13-

1)


è; ku nsa %

mÙkj Hkkx&2 14-

l dkj roxZdk "kdkj VoxZosQl kFk ; kxs gksusi j "kdkjVoxZgksrk gS A

15-

"Vu qk "Vq %l w =k esaLrks%LFkkuh dk "Vq uk v kns'k l s; Fkkl a [ ; gS A

16-

"Vu qk "Vq %l w =k esaLrks%LFkkuh dk "Vq uk fufeÙk l s; ksx gksusi j ; Fkkl a [ ; ughagS A

17-

i nkUr VoxZl si jsukeo; ofHkUu dk Lrksdks"Vqughagksrk gS A

18-

"k..kke~; gk¡i j i nkUr VoxZl si jsLrksdks"Vq Ro fu"ks/ gksusi j Hkhv ukEuofr&uxjh.kkfefr okP; e~okfrZ d cy l sgksrk gS A

19-

l u~"k"B%; gk¡ Lrksdk "Vq uk l s; ksx gku ssi j Hkh roxZl si jsudkj "kdkj i js"Vq Ro dksrks% f"k bl l sfu"ks/ gksusl sugha A

20-

1)

21-

4)

mÙkj Hkkx&3 22-

, rn~eq j kfj%fLFkfr esandkj dksudkj ; jks¿uq ukfl osQ ¿uq ukfl dksok l w =k l sgksrk gS A

23-

ydkj i jsroxZdksi jl o.kZgksrk gSrksfyZl w =k dk v FkZgS A

24-

fpr~e; e~fLFkfr esal fU/ djusi j fpUe; e~, d gh : i gksrk gS A

25-

çR;; sHkk"kk; kafuR;e~l w =k dk v FkZ& ykS fddl a LÑrHkk"kk esav uq ukfl dkfn&çR;; i jsi nkUr ; j dksfuR; v uq ukfl d gksrk gS A

26-

rksfyZl w =k dk mnkgj.k rYy; % ] fo}kufy• fr bR;kfnA


161

i kB&8


gYk~l fU/ esa mÙkj Hkkx&4 #Ro&' pq R okfnl fU / 27- mn%LFkkLrEHkks%i w oZ L;

lw =k dk v FkZ& mn osQi j LFkk&LrEHk dksi w oZ l o.kZgksrk gS A

28-

gy~osQi j >j dk fodYi l syksi l o.kZ>j i jsgksrks>jks>fj l o.kZ sl w =k dk v FkZ A

29-

>; ksgks¿U;rjL; ke~l w =k dk mnkgj.k okX?kfj%gS A

30-

' k' Nks¿fV l w =k dk mnkgj.k rfPNo%rfP' ko% A

è; ku nsa %

162


gy ~l fU/ esav uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j fol xZl fU/

9

gYk~l fU/ esav uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j fol xZl fU/

i kB&9 gYk~l fU/ esa v uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j fol xZl fU/

è; ku nsa %

iw oZi kBksaesal a Kk i fjHkk"kk v Pk~l fU/ çÑfr Hkko l fU/ gYk~l fU/ bu çdj.k dk Øe' k% i fj' khyu fd; k gS Av uq Lokj l fU/ oLrq r %gYk~l fU/ ghgS Ackgq Y; l sedkj dksudkj dksfodYi l sv uq Lokj gksrkgS Abl çdkj v uq Lokj dkv usd LFkku i j i jl o.kZgksrkgS Av r%; sl HkhgYk~l fU/ dkdk; ZghgS AoS l sHkhKku dhl jyrkosQfy, v yx l smYys• fd; kgS Av uq Lokj l fU/ çdj.k esai nL; dk v f/ dkj t kuuk pkfg, A fol xZl fU/ Hkh bl h i kB osQv a r xZ r gS Afol xZl fU/ osQoq Q Nl w =k i w oZi kB esaHkh fo| eku gS Av of' k"V l w =k gh oq Q N ; gk¡ fn, t krsgS Afol xZl fU/ çdj.k esabl fol xZl si w a oZfo| eku o.kZ v kS j i j fo| eku o.kZnksuksagh t kuusdk fo"k; gS Abl çdkj fol xZl fU/ çdj.k esaew y fLFkr esa Hkh fol xZughagS ] v fUre fLFkfr esaHkh fol xZughagS A: i l k/ u çfØ; k osQeè; esafol xZgksrk gS Ai u q%ml dki fjorZ u gkrskgS Av r%bl çdj.kdkuke fol xZl fU/ çdj.kHkhos Q oy i jEijkçHkko ghgS A fol xZl fU/ ukedj.kdkrkRi; Z; g gS; fn i nkUok[ ; ku i {kgSrksnksuksai n osQeè; esafol xZ fn• kbZnsrk gS A ; fn okD; kUok[ ; kui {k gSrksbl çdj.k esaçnf' kZ r fLFkfr gksrh gS A ; gk¡ osQ oy okD; kUok[ ; kui {k ghçnf' kZ r djrsgS A a

mís'; bl i kB dksi y~rdkj gS Avr%u' pki nkUrL; >fy l = wkl sedkj dksvuq Lokj djusi j ' kka r fLFkfr gksrh gSrc&

9-3 v uq Lokj L; ; f; i j l o. kZ % AA( 8-4-57) lw =kkFkZ& v uq Lokj dks; ; i jsi jl o.kZgksrk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =k gS Al w =k esarhu i n gS Av uq LokjL; ( 6@ 1) ] ; f; ( 7@ 1) ] i jl o.kZ % ( 1@ 1) Ai jL; l o.kZ %i jl o.k% Z"k"BhrRiq #"kl ekl Al a fgrk; ke dkv kfndkj gS Al w =kkFkZ & v uq Lokj osQ LFkku esa; ; i jsi jl o.kZgksrk gS A mnkgj . k & ' kkUr% A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & ' kka r fLFkfr esabl v uq Lokj osQ; ; i jsgS Av FkkZ r ~; ; l sv O;ofgr i w oZ gS Av r%çÑr l w =kl sv uq Lokj osQLFkku esav kns'kgksrk gS Av kns'k D; k gS Ai j dk l o.kZ Ai j rdkj gS Aml dkl o.kZdkS u gS Ar Fkn / u ; si ka pA, d LFkkuhvkS j v kns'ki ka p gS ALFkkuhl a [ ; kl sv kns'k la [ ; kfHkUu gS Av r%LFkkus¿Urjre%i fjHkk"kkl sLFkkuhdkv Urjre v kns'kgksALFkku l s] v FkZl s] xq .k l s] v kS j çek.kl sv kUr; Zpkj çdkj dkgksrkgS Ao.kZdkv FkZughagksusl sv FkZ Ñr v kUr; ZughagS A v kns ' kksadkçek.kvFkkZ r ~mPpkj.kdky v / Z ekf=kd gS Av r çek.kÑr v kUr; Zl EHko ughagS ALFkkuhosQ v uq Lokj dk mPpkj.kLFkku ukfl dkgS Av kns'k esaudkj dk mPpkj.kLFkku nUr v kS j ukfl dk gS Av U;


165

i kB&9

gYk l fU/ esav uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j fol xZl fU/

gYk~l fU/ esa dkukfl dkughagSAv r%LFkku v kUr; Zl sv uqLokj osQLFkku esaudkj v kns'kgksrkgSArc ' kkUr ' kCn v uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j fu"i Uu gksrk gSAml l si jsl qçR;; ; ksx l sv kSjçfØ; k l s' kkUr%çFkekUr : i fl ¼ gksrkgSA fol xZl fU/ 9-4 ok i nkUrL; AA( 8-4-58) lw =kkFkZ& i nkUr v uq Lokj dk ; ; i jsi jl o.kZfodYi l sgksrk gS A

è; ku nsa %

lw =kO;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =kgS Al w =kesanksi n gS Aok fodYi kFkZv O;; gS a Ai nL; v Ur%i nkUr% ] rL; bfr "k"BhrRiq #"k%l ekl % Av uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.k% Zl Eiw . kZl = wkdhvuq o`fr gS Aogkav uq LokjL; ( 6@ 1) ] ; f; ( 7@ 1) ] i jl o.kZ %( 1@ 1) Ai jL; l o.kZ %i jl o.kZ %"k"Bh rRiq #"k l ekl gS Al a fgrk; ke dkv f/ dkj gS Al w =kkFkZ& i nkUr v uq Lokj osQLFkku es a; ; i jsi jl o.kZfodYi l sgksrkgSl fagrkgksrksA mnkgj . k & jkeUuekfeAjkeauekfeA lw =kkFkZl eUo; & jkee~uekfe okD; gS AokD; esal a fgrkfoo{kk/ hu gS A; fn l a fgrkfoof{kr gSrksl w =k ; gk¡ço`r gksrk gS Aogkajkee~l q cUr i n gS Aml dk i nkUr esaedkj gS Auekfe f}rh; i n gS Aml dk çFkeo.kZgy~udkj gS Av r%edkj dk gy~i jsv FkkZ r ~gy~l sv O;ofgri w oZedkj dks eks¿uq Lokj%l w =kl sv uq Lokj gksrk gS Arc jkeauekfe fLFkfr gksrhgS Aogkav uq Lokj i nkUr esagSfdUrq ; ; i jsgS Av FkkZ r ~i nkUr v uq Lokj ; ; osQv O;ofgri w oZgS Av uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZ %l w =k l sfuR; i jl o.kZçkIr gS Aogkav c oki nkUrL; l w =kl sfodYi l si jl o.kZdkfo/ ku djrsgS Ai jl o.kZugha a gksrk gSrksjkeauekfe l k/ qokD; fu"i Uu gksrkgS Ai jl o.kZgksrk gSrksLFkkuhv uq Lokj] v kns'k i j udkj dk l o.kZgS AdkS u l o.kZ Ar Fk n / u ; si ka pA, d LFkkuhi ka p v kns'kAv r%LFkkus¿Urjre% i fjHkk"kkl svuq Lokj osQLFkku esadkS u gksrkgS Av uq Lokj dkmPpkj.kLFkku ukfl dkgS Avkns'kesaudkj dkmPpkj.kLFkku nUr v kS j ukfl dkgS Av r%ukfl dkLFkku l kE; l sçkIr gS Av U;r~v kUr; Zl sl EHko ughagS Av r%v uq Lokj osQLFkku esaudkj djusi j jkeUuekfe l k/ qokD; fl ¼ gksrk gS Abl h çdkj jkeauekfe] jkeUuekfe nksuksaokD; l k/ qgS A a

; g ; gk¡ l a xzg% & v uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZ %bfr ok i nkUrL; bfr nksuksal w =k dh çofÙk {ks=k dh Øe' k%; g iQ fyrkFkZdg l drsgS a& v uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZ %l w =k v i nkUr v uq Lokj dks; ; i jl o.kZfuR; djrkgS Ai nkUr v uq Lokj dks; ; i jsfodYi l si jl o.kZoki nkUrL; l w =kdjrkgS Av uq Lokj dksdc dkS u&l k o.kZgksrk gSuhpsl a {ksi l snsrsgS A a v uq Lokj l sdoxZgksrksi jl oZ . k Ädkj gksrk gS At S l s' kÄ~ d j bfrA v uq Lokj l si j poxZgSrksi jl oZ . k ×kdkj gksrk gS At S l sl ×k~ p; %bfrA v uq Lokj l si j VoxZgSrksi jl oZ . k .kdkj gksrk gS A; Fkk Ro.Vhdl sbfrA v uq Lokj l si j roxZgSrksi jl oZ . k udkj gksrk gS At S l si jUrqbfrA v uq Lokj l si j i oxZgSrksi jl oZ . k edkj gksrk gS At S l sjkeEi ' ; bfrA

166


gy ~l fU/ esav uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j fol xZl fU/

i kBxr i z'u&1 1-

eks¿uq Lokj%; gk¡ i j fdl osQedkj dksv uq Lokj\

2-

v i nkUr edkj dksv uq Lokj fdl l w =k l s\

3-

v i nkUr edkj dks; e i jsv uq Lokj fdl l w =k l s\

4-

Roe~jke%; gk¡ i j edkj dksv uq Lokj fdl l w =k l s\

5-

Roe~gfj%; gk¡ i j edkj dksv uq Lokj fdl l w =k l s\

6-

iQ ye~jksprs; gk¡ i j dkS u&l k l fU/ l w =k ço`r gksÙkk gS \

7-

gfjaoUns; gk¡ dkS u&l k l fU/ l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS \

8-

v i nkUr v uq Lokj dksi jl o.kZfdl l w =k l sgksrk gS \

9-

t yagjfr ; gk¡ v uq Lokj fdl l w =k l s\


è; ku nsa %

1) u' pki nkUrL; >fy 2) ok i nkUrL; 3) eks¿uq Lokj% 4) v uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZ % 10-

' kke~r fLFkfr esa' kkUr i fjorZ u bl Øe l sgksrk gS \ 1) edkj dksu 2) edkj dksv uq Lokj] ml dksu 3) edkj dkst ' k~ ] ml dksu 4) udkj dkse] ml dksedkj

11-

t ye~u; fr ; gk¡ l fU/ djrsgS arksdkS u&l k : i l EHko gS \ 1) t yau; fr] t yUu; fr 2) t ye~u; fr] t yUu; fr 3) t yau; fr] t yUu; fr] t ye~u; fr 4) t ye~u; fr] t yau; fr

12-

t ye~u; fr ; gk¡ i j l a fgrk ughagSrksdkS u&l k ç; ksx l k/ qgS \ 1) t yau; fr] t yUu; fr 2) t ye~u; fr 3) t yau; fr 4) t ye~u; fr] t yau; fr


167

i kB&9


gYk~l fU/ esa AAbfr gYk~l fU/ esav uqLokj l fU/ AA v uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j AAv Fk fol xZl fU/ AA fol xZl fU/ 9-5 v r ksj ksjIy q r knIy q r sAA( 6-1-109) lw =kkFkZ& v Iyq r v r~l si j # osQLFkku esamr~gksrk gSv Iyq r v r~i jsA lw =k O;k[ ; k& fof/ l w =kgS Abl l w =kesapkj i n gS Av r%jks%v Iyq r kn~v Iyq rs l w =kxri nPNsn gS Av r~ri j gS ] ml dk: i vr%i ×peh, dopukUr gS Al a fgrk; ke~v f/ dkj gS Ajks%(6@ 1)] v Iyq r kn~ ( 5@ 1) ] v Iyq r s( 7@ 1) A u Iyq r %v Yi q r% ] rLekr~v Iyq r kn~ A rfLeu~v Iyq r sA ; gk¡ nksuksaesaHkh è; ku nsa % u×k~&rRiq#"k%l ekl gS A½r mr~l w =kl smr~çFkekUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS A, Ä%i nkUrknfr l = wkl sv fr l Ireh, dopukUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS AokD; ; kst ukgksrhgS& v Yi q r kn~v r%jks%mr~v Iyq r sv frA v r%; gk¡ fnX; ksx esai ×peh gS Av r%rLekfnR;q ÙkjL; i fjHkk"kk l sv r%( ßLo v dkj l s) v O;fgr i j osQdk; Zdksfo/ ku djrkgS Ajks%LFkku "k"BhgS Aml l s"k"BhLFkkus;ksxkl w =kl sLFkkusi n dhçkfIr gS Av Iyq r sv fr ; gk¡i jl IrehgS Aml l srfLefUufr fufnZ "Vsi w oZ L; i fjHkk"kk cy l sv Iyq r v dkj l s v O;ofgri w oZosQdk; ZdksgksrkgS; g v FkZçkIr gksrkgS Amr~ri j gS Av r%ri jLrRdkyL; i fjHkk"kk l smr~ßLo "V osQmdkj dksxzg.kdjrsgS Al Hkhi fjHkk"kk osQcy l sl w =kkFkZgksrk gS& v Iyq r vr i js# osQLFkku esamr~gksrk gSv Iyq r v r%i jsl a fgrk esa Av FkkZ r ~; fn v Iyq r l sv r ( ßLo v dkj l s) i j # gSrksml osQLFkku esamr~( ßLo mdkj) gksrk gS ] ; fn i jsv Yi q r v r~( ßLo v dkj) gS ] fdUrql a fgrk gksrksA mnkgj . k & f' koks¿P; Z % A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & f' ko ' kCn l sçFkek foHkfÙkQesa, dopu çR;; l q i ~dk fo/ ku djrk gS A rc f' kol ~fLFkfr%gksrh gS Abl çdkj v Pkj~ &/ krqdk ÑR; çR;; ; ksx l sv P; Z %: i fu"i Uu gksrk gS AnksuksaosQfeyku l sf' kol ~vP; Z %fLFkfr gksrhgS Af' kol ~bl osQvUr esal q i ~gS Av r%l q fIrÄUrai ne~ lw =k l sml dhi n l a Kk gksrh gS Aml osQv Ur esal dkj gS Av r%i nkUr l dkj dk l l t q "kks#% l w =k l s #%gksrkgS Aml dkmdkj v uq ukfl d gS Av r%mi ns'ks¿t uq ukfl d br~l w =kl sml dhbRl a Kk gksrh gS Aml osQckn rL; yksi%l w =kl smdkj dkyksi gksrkgS Abl çdkj bRl a Kkdj.kv kS j ml dkyksidjus l sy?kq: i l sbl çdkj çdV djrsgS & v uq cU/ yksi gksusi j v kS j yksi djusi j f' koj~v P; Z %gksrk gS Aogkav c odkj l si j v Iyq r v r~( ßLo v dkj) gS Aml osQi j # gS Aml osQi j v Iyq r v r~gS A v r%çÑrl w =k l s# dksmr~gksrkgS Arc f' ko mv P; Z %fLFkfr gksrhgS A; gkaodkj l si j v o.kZgS A ml osQckn v p~mdkj gS Av r%v kn~xq . k%l w =k l sv dkj&mdkj nksuksaosQi w oZi j osQLFkku esaLFkku v kUr; Zl sv ksd kj gksrk gS Aml l sf' koksv P; Z %fLFkfr gksrhgS A; gk¡, p v ksd kj l si j v p~gS Av r% , pks¿; ok; ko%l = wkl sv okns'kçkIr gS Ai jUrqf' koksbl dkv ksd kj i nkUr esagS Aml l si j v r~gS Av r% , Ä%i nkUrknfr l w =k l sv dkj dksi w oZ : i djusi j f' koks¿P; Z %okD; curk gS Af' ko v Fkok egs'oj iw T; uh; gSv FkZgS A ¹ O;q RifÙk & 1) çÑr l w =kdkv FkZ & v c ft l l w =kosQO;k[ ; ku dkfo"k; gSogA; gk¡t S ls & v rksjksjIyq r knIyq r sçÑr l w =k gS A 2) l l t q "kks#%( 8-2-66) v fl ¼dk.Mh; l w =k gS Aml l s#%fofgr gS Av rksjksjIyq r knIyq rs ( 6-1-103) l w =kfl ¼ dk.MesagS Abl dhn`f"V l s#Roav fl ¼ ghgS Afi Q j Hkh; fn ; g #Ro v fl ¼ 168


gy ~l fU/ esav uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j fol xZl fU/ gksrksO;kdj.k ' kkL=k esav U;=k dghai j Hkhfl ¼ #Ro ughagS Aml l sv rksjksjIyq r knIyq r sl w =k O;FkZ gkst k, xkAi jUrqi kf.kfu eq uhdk dksbZHkhopu O;FkZughagS Av r%opu çek.; l sog v fl ¼ Hkh fl ¼ gS, slk xzg.k djrk gS Aº

9-6 gf' k pAA( 6-1-110)


lw =kkFkZ& v Iyq r v r osQi j # osQLFkku esamr~gksrk gSg' k i jsA lw =k O;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =k gS A bl l w =k esanksi n gS A gf' k ( 7@ 1) ] p ; g v O;; i n gS A la fgrk; ke~v f/ dkj gS Av rksjksjIyq r knIyq rs l = wkl sv Iyq r kn~( 5@ 1) ] v r%( 5@ 1) ] jks%( 6@ 1) i nksa dhv uq o`fr gS Au Iyq r %v Iyq r% ] rLekn~v Iyq r kn~bfr u×k~ &rRiq #"k%l ekl % A½r mr~ l w =kl s mr~ a % çFkekUr i n dhv uq o`fr gS Ai n; kst uk& l a fgrk; ke~v Iyq r kn~v r%jks%mr~gf' kpAv r%; gk¡ fnX; ksx è; ku ns i ×peh gS Aml l sv r%l si j dk ; g v FkZçkIr gksrk gS Agf' k ; g i j l Ireh gS Aml l sg' k dk v O;ofgr i w oZdk ; g v FkZgS Aml hdksghdgrsgS ag' ki jsAjks%; gk¡LFkku "k"BhAml l sv FkZ# osQ LFkku esav FkZçkIr gksrk gS Al w =kkFkZ& v Iyq r v r%l si j # osQLFkku esamr~gksrk gSg' ki jsAv FkkZ r~ ßLo v dkj l si j # osQLFkku esaßLo mdkj gksrk gSg' k i jsA mnkgj . k & f' koksoU| % A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & f' ko ' kCn l s çFkekfoHkfÙkQesa, dopu dkçR;; l q i ~gksrkgSrc f' kol ~ fLFkfr gksrhgS Abl hçdkj oUn&/ krql sÑR; çR;; ; ksx esaoU| %: i curkgS AnksuksaosQfeyku djus l sf' kol ~oU| %fLFkfr gksrh gS Af' kol ~bl osQv Ur esal q i ~gS Av r%l q fIrÄUrai ne~l w =k l sml dh inl K ak gksrh gS Aml osQv Ur esal dkj gS Av r%i nkUr l dkj dksl l t q "kks#%l w =k l s#%gksrk gS A ml dk mdkj v uq ukfl d gS Av r%mi ns'ks¿t uq ukfl d br~l w =k l sml dh bRl a Kk gksrh gS Aml osQckn rL; yksi%l w =k l sm¡d kj dk yksi gksrkgS Abl çdkj bRl a Kkdjusv kS j ml dk yksidjusi j y?kq: i l sçdV djrsgS a& ^v uq cU/v yksi gksusi j*Ayksi djusi j f' koj~oU| %fLFkfr gksrhgS Aogkav c f' ko' kCn osQodkj l si j v Iyq r v r~( ßLo v dkj) gS Aml l si j g' k~odkj gS Av r%çÑr l w =kl s # dksmr~gksrkgS Arc f' ko moU| %fLFkfr gksrhgS A; gk¡f' ko' kCn osQodkj l si j v o.kZgS Aml l s i j v p~mdkj gS Av r%v kn~xq . k%l w =k l sv dkj&mdkj nksuksai w oZi j osQLFkku esaLFkku v kUr; Zl s v ksd kj gksrk gS Aml l sf' koksoU| %l k/ qokD; curk gS A ç' u & oq Q Ni w NrsgS afd f' ko%oU| %fLFkfr esafol xZl dkj dksfdl l w =kl sv Fkok f' ko% oU| %bl dksf' koksoU| %l fU/ fdl l w =k l sgksrh gS A mÙkj & f' ko%: i i `Fkd~l kf/ r gS Aml l s, d , d i n i `Fkd~i `Fkd~l a LÑr] fufeZ r gS Amu fufeZ r i nksadksysd j okD; dhjpuk djrsgS Av r%; g fLFkfr i nkUok[ ; kui {k esagh l EHko gksrh a gS ] okD; kUok[ ; kui {k esaughagksrh gS Af' ko%oU| %fLFkfr esafol xZdk i fjorZ u djusosQfy, l w =k ughagS Afol t Z uh; L; l %l w =k l sfol xZdksl dkj • j i jsgh gksrk gS Ag' k~i jsfol xZdk i fjorZ u osQfy, dksbZHkh l w =k ughagS Av r%f' ko%oU| %gSrksf' koksoU| %ml dk i fjorZ u ughadj l drs gS Ai jUrqt S l sf' ko%oU| %; g ç; ksx dj l drsgS aoS l sghf' koksoU| %Hkhç; ksx dj l drsgS Ai jUrq a bl dkogkat kukv Fkokml dk; gk¡v kukv l EHko gS Aml l sf' koksoU| %bl dhl fU/ foPNsn f' kol ~ oU| %gh djuh pkfg, A


169

i kB&9


gYk~l fU/ esa 9-7 Hkks&Hkxks&v ?kks&v i w oZ L; ; ks¿f' kAA( 8-3-17) v uq Lokj l fU/ v kS j lw =kkFkZ& Hkks&Hkxks&v ?kks&v i w oZosQ# dks; kns'k v ' k i jsgksrk gS A fol xZl fU/ lw =k O;k[ ; k & fof/ l w =k gS Al w =k esarhu i n gS AHkks&Hkxks&v ?kks&v i w a oZ L;

; %v f' k l w =k osQ i nksaesafo| eku dk l fU/ foPNsn gS AHkks%p Hkxks%p v ?kks%p v %p bfr Hkks&Hkxks&v ?kks&v k%bfr brjsrj; ksx}U}l ekl % AHkk& sHkxks&v ?kks&v k%i w oZ s; Lekr~l %Hkks&Hkxks&v ?kks&v i w oZ %bfr cgq ozhfgl ekl % A Hkksl~Hkxksl~v ?kksl~; spkfnx.kesai y~rdkj os QLFkkui j >ykat ' kks¿Ursbl l w =kl sndkj djusi j jkekn~ cu x; kA i jUrqgekjk jkekr~; g v Hkh"V : i gS Av r%u; k l w =k v kjEHk fd; k t krk gS A&


19

i kB&11

v t Ur i q fYy a x esav nUr ' kCnksar Fkk l oZ ukeksaosQ: i

v t Ur i q fYy a x esa 11-7 & ok¿ol kusAA8-4-56AA v nUr ' kCnksar Fkk lw =kkFkZ& v ol ku i jsjgrs>y~osQLFkku i j pj gksrk gS A l oZ ukeksaosQ: i lw =k O;k[ ; k & ; g fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =k esanksi n gS Aok v ol kus; g l w a =k dk i nPNsn gS A

è; ku nsa %

v ol kus; g l IrE; sd opukUr i n gS Aok ; g v O;; i n gS A>ykat ' k~>f"k bl l w =k l s>yka; g "k"BÔUr i n v uq ofrZ r gksrk gS Av H; kl sppZbl l w =k l spj~bl çFkekUr i n dh v uq o`fÙk gksrh gS A v ol kus>ykapj~okj~; g i n ; kst ukgS Apj~bl i n dkcgq opukUr esafoi fj.kke djusl spj%; g cu t krkgS A; gka>y~v kS j pj~; gkanksuksaçR;kgkj gS Av r%bl l w =kdkv FkZgq v k& v ol ku i jsjgrs >y~osQçR;kgkj esafLFkr o.kks±osQLFkku i j pj~çR;kgkj osQo.kZfodYi l sgksrsgS A a mnkgj . k & jkekr~ A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & jke ' kCn l si a peh osQ, dopu esaÄfl çR;; esaçfØ; k xr dk; Zdjus i j jkekn~cu x; kA ndkj osQckn fdl h v U; o.kZdh l Ùkk u gksusosQdkj.k ml v Hkko dh fojkeks¿ol kue~l w =kl sv ol ku l a KkgksrhgS Andkj >Yk~çR;kgkj esav krkgS Av r%ok¿ol kusbl l w =k l s>y~ndkj dksoS d fYi d pRoZdjusi j rdkj gksusl sjkekr~; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS Aok¿ol kusl w =k osQoS d fYi d pRoZgksusosQdkj.kft l i {kesapRoZv kns'kdhço`fÙkughagksrhgSml i {kesajkekn~ ; g Hkh : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A jke ' kCn l s"k"BÔsd opu dhfoo{kkesaÄLçR;; djusi j jke$Äl ~; g fLFkfr cu x; hA; gka ; LekRçR;; fof/ Lrnkfn çR;; s¿Ä~ xe~bl l w =kl sçÑfr jke dhv Ä~ xlK akgksrhgS A; Fkkl a [ ; euq n'sk% l ekuke~ ] v usd kfY' kRl oZ L; bu nksi fjHkk"kkv ksal si fj"Ñr VkÄfl Äl kfeukRL; k%bl l w =k l sv nUr v Ä~ x l si j esafo| eku Äl ~osQLFkku i j L; bl l okZ ns'k djusi j jkeL; ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A jke ' kCn l s"k"Bhf}opu dhfoo{kkesav ksl~çR;; djusi j jke v ksl~; g fLFkfr cu x; hA

11-8& v ksfl pAA7-3-104A lw =kkFkZ& v ksl~i jsjgrsv nUr v Ä~ x dks, dkj gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & ; g fof/ l w =k gS Av ksfl ; g l IrE; sd opukUr i n gS Ap ; g v O;; i n gS A v rksnh?kkZ s; f×k bl l = wk l sv r%; g "k"BÔUr i n v uq o`Ùk gS Acgq opus>Y; sr~bl l w =k l s, r~; g çFkekUr i n v uq ofrZ r gkrskgS Av Ä~ xL; l w =kdkv f/ dkj gS Av r%v Ä~ xL; , r~v ksfl ; g i n ; kst uk gS Av Ä~ xL; ; g "k"BÔUr i n gS Av r%; g v Ä~ xL; dk fo' ks"k.k gS Av r%rnUrfof/ l sv nUrL; v Ä~ xL; ; g v FkZçkIr gkrskgS Abl çdkj bl l w =kdkv FkZgksrkgS& vksl~osQi jsjgrsvnUr vÄ~ x dks, dkj gksrk gS Av yk¿ sUR;L; bl i fjHkk"kk l sv fUre v y~osQLFkku i j gksrkgS ] ; g Li Q fVr v FkZ q gksrkgS A mnkgj . k & jke; ks% A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & jke ' kCn l s"k"Bhf}opu dhfoo{kkesav ksl~çR;; ] jke $ vksl~; g fLFkfr gksx; hAl dkj dk gyUR;e~bl l w =k l sbRl a Kk çkIr gksrhgS AbRl a Kk dk u foHkÙkQ kSrq Lek%bl l w =k l sfu"ks/ djusi j jke v ksl~jg x; kA; gkai j v dkj l sv ksd kj i jsjgrso`f¼jsfp bl l w =k l so`f¼

20


v t Ur i q fYy a x esav nUr ' kCnksar Fkk l oZ ukeksaosQ: i , dkns'kçkIr gq v kAo`f¼ dkscka / dj v rksxq . ksbl l w =kl sv i nkUr v dkj l sxq . kosQi jsjgrsi j: i , dkns'kçkIr gkrskgS A, dkns'kdkscka / dj v ksfl p bl l w =kl sv nUr v Ä~ x osQv fUre v y~osQLFkku i j , dkj v kns'kdjusi j jkes$v ksl~; g cu x; kArRi' pkr~, p~osQ, dkj osQLFkku i j v ksd kj v p~ osQi j jgrs, pks¿; ok; ko%bl l w =k l sv ; kns'k djusi j jke; ksl~; g fLFkfr cu x; hArRi' pkr~i n la Kk] l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j jke; ks%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

i kB&11 v t Ur i q fYy a x esa v nUr ' kCnksar Fkk l oZ ukeksaosQ: i

i kBxr i z'u&2 8-

LFkkfuonkns'kks¿ufYo/ kS; g fdl çdkj dk l w =k gS \

9-

LFkkfuonkns'kks¿ufYo/ kSbl l w =k esav ufYo/ kSbl i n dk D; k v FkZgS \

è; ku nsa %

10- jkek; bl LFkku i j l q IRo dk v frns'k oS Q l sgksrk gS \ 11- jkesH; %esa, Ro oS Q l sgksrk gS \ 12- cgq opus>Y; sr~bl l w =k dk v FkZfy• \a s 13- ok¿ol kusl w =k dk v FkZfy• sa \ 14- v ksfl p bl l w =k dk v FkZfy• a s\

11-9 & ßLou| ki ksuq V~ AA7-1-54AA lw =kkFkZ& ßLokUr u| Ur v kS j v kcUr v Ä~ x l si jsv ke~dksuq V~v kxe gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & ; g fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =k esanksi n gS AßLou| ki %uq a V~; g i nPNsn gS A ßLou| ki ~; g i a pE; sd opukUr l eLr i n gS ] âLo' p unhp v kIp bfr ßLou| ki ~l ekgkj }U}] rLekr~ßLou| ki % Auq V~; g çFkeS d opukUr i n gS Av kfe l oZ ukEu%l q V~bl l w =k l sv kfe ; g l IrE; Ur i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Av Ä~ xL; dkv f/ dkj gSft l si a pE; Ur osQ: i esafoHkfÙkQfoi fj.kke dj fn; kt kr gS Ai jL; bl i n dkv è; kgkj djrsgS A ai n ; kstukbl çdkj gkxsh& ßLou| ki %vÄ~ xkr~ i jL; v kfe uq V~ AßLou| ki %bl l w =kes aunhi n osQ}kjk; wL=; k[ ; kSunhbl l w =kl sfofgr unhl K adka s dk xzg.k gksrk gS Av ki ~bl i n osQ}kjk Vki ~ ] pki ~ ] Mki ~bu L=kh çR;; ksadk xzg.k gksrk gS A ßLou| ki %; g i n v Ä~ xkr~bl i n dkfo' ks"k.kgS Av r%rnUr fof/ osQ}kjkßLokUr u| Ur v kcUr v Ä~ x l si js; g v FkZçkIr gksrk gS Av kfe bl i n esal Ireh funZ s'k gS ] ßLou| ki %; gkai j ia peh foHkfÙkQdk funZ s'k gS A v r%mHk; funZ s'ks i a peh funZ s'kka s cyh; ku~bl U;k; osQ }kjk rLekfnR;Ù qkjL; bl i fjHkk"kkosQ}kjkv kfe bl l IrE; Ur i n dk"k"BÔUr i n esafoi fj.kke dj fn; k t krk gS Auq V~osQVdkj dk gyUR;e~l w =k l sbRl a Kk gksrh gS Abl dkj.k l s; g fVr~gS; g l e>uk pkfg; sAv r%v k| UrkSVfdrkSbl i fjHkk"kkosQ}kjk; g v k| ko; o gksrkgS Abl çdkj l sbl l w =kdk vFkZgksrkgS AâLokUr u| Ur vkjSvkcUr vÄ~ x l si j osQvke~dksuq V~dkvkxe gksrkgS ] og v k| ko; o gksrkgS A v FkkZ r ~ßLokUr ' kCnksal sunh l a Kd ' kCnksal sv kcUr ' kCnksal si j esafo| ekpu v ke~dksuq V~ dk v kxe gksrk gS A


21


v t Ur i q fYy a x esav nUr ' kCnksar Fkk l oZ ukeksaosQ: i mnkgj . k & jke ' kCn l s"k"Bhcgq pu dhfoo{kkesav ke~çR;; djusi j jke$v ke~gksx; kA edkjkUr dhgyUR;e~bl l w =kl sbr~l a KkçkIr gksrhgS Aft l dhu foHkÙkQ kSrq Lek%bl l w =kl sfu"ks/ gksx; kAjke' kCn ßLokUr gS ] çR;; i j esagS ] vr%v Ä~ xlK ad HkhgS ArRi' pkr~v ke~gS Av r%v k| UrkS VfdrkSbl i fjHkk"kkosQ}kjki fj"Ñr ßLou| ki ksuq V~bl l w =kl sßLokUr v nUr vÄ~ x l si j es afo| eku v ke~dksuq V~v kxe v k| ko; o gq v k] v uq cU/yksi djusi j jke $ uke~bl fLFkfr esav fxze l w =k ço`Ùkgksxk&

11-10 & ukfeAA6-4-3A è; ku nsa %

lw =kkFkZ& uke~i jsjgrsv t Ur v Ä~ x dksnh?kZgksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l = wkgS Abl l w =kesukfe ; g , dek=kl IrE; Ur i n gS Aykfn cgq opu l a Kd gS Av r% v yks¿UR;L; bl i fjHkk"kk osQ}kjki fj"Ñr cgq opus>Y; sr~bl l w =k l sjke ' kCn osQv o; o v fUre v dkj osQLFkku i j , dkj djusi j jkeslqcu x; kA

22


v t Ur i q fYy a x esav nUr ' kCnksar Fkk l oZ ukeksaosQ: i

11-11 & v kns'kçR;; ; ks% AA8]3]59 lw =kkFkZ& b.k~doxZl si j esafo| eku v i nkUr vkns'kv kS j çR;; dkv o; o t ksl dkj ml osQ LFkku i j ew /Z U; v kns'k gksrk gS A


lw =k O;k[ ; k & ; g fof/ l w =kgS A, di nkRed ; g l w =kgS Av kns'kçR;; ; ks%; g "k"Bhf}opukUr , d i n gS Av kns'k' p çR;; ' p brjsrj ; ksx }U}%v kns'kçR;; kSr; ks%v kns'kçR;; ; ks%l gS %l kM%l % bl l w =kl sl %; g "k"BÔUr i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Av i nkUrL; ew /Z U;%bl l w =kosQv f/ dkj esai fBr gS; g l w =kAv i nkUrL; ; g "kO;Ur i n i n gS Aew /Z U;%; g çFkeS d opukUr i n gS Abl dkv FkZo foxzg gksxk ew fèuZHko%ew /Z U;%v FkkZ r ~ew / kZLFkku esamRiUu gksusokyk o.kZew /Z U; ga Ab.dks%bl i a S pE; Ur l= wkdkvf/ dkj gS Ab.k~oq Q ' p bfr b.oq Ql ekgkj }U} rLekr~b.dks% Ai n ; kst uk& b.dks%v i nkUrL; è; ku nsa % v kns'kçR;; ; ks%l %ew /Z U;% Ab.k~çR;kgkj gSt ksfd v bm.k~l w =kosQbdkj l sysd j y.k~l w =kosQ.kdkj rd fy; kt krkgS Aoq QosQ}kjkdoxZfy; kt krkgS Abl l w =kesav kns'kosQfo"k; esav Hksn v FkZokyh v HksnkfRedk "k"Bh Lohdkj dh t krh gS ] rFkk çR;; osQfo"k; esav o; okFkZ d "k"Bhekuh t krh gS A v r%bl l w =k dk v FkZl Ei Uu gksxkA& b.k~çR;kgkj rFkk doxZosQo.kks±l si j esafo| eku v i nkUr t ksvkns'krFkkçR;; dkv o; o t ksl dkj ml dksew /Z U; vkns'kgksrkgS Al dkj osQfoo`r v ?kk"skç; Ru gksusosQdkj.k ml osQLFkku i j ew /Z U; l dkj gh v kns'k osQ: i esagksrk gS A mnkgj . k & jkes"kq A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & jke ' kCn l sl Irehcgq opu dhfoo{kkesal q i ~çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] v U; çfØ; kdk; Zdjusi j jkes$ l qcu x; kA; gkal çqR;; dkl dkj çR;; dkv o; o gS ArFkk; g l dkj , dkj l si j esagS A, dkj b.k~çR;kgkj esav krkgS Av r%v kns'kçR;; ; ks%bl l w =kl sçR;; ko; o l dkj osQLFkku i j "kdkj ew /Z U; v kns'k djusi j jkes"kq; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A jke ' kCn osQgh rjg Ñ".keq oq Q Un v kfn v dkjkUr i q fYya x ' kCnksadksHkh t kuuk pkfg, A v c t ks' kCn l okZ fn x.kesai Y; sr~ 12- >ykfn cgq opu l q i i jsjgrs] v nUr v a x dks, dkj gksrk gS A 13- v ol ku i jsjgrs>y~dksfodYi l sp gksA 14- v ksl~i jsjgrsv nUr v a x dks, dkj gksrk gS A mÙkj &3 15- âLou| ki ksuq V~ 16- âLokUr v kcUr v kS j u| Ur v a x l si jsv ke~dksuq V~v kxe gksrk gS A 17- ukfe 18- uke i jsjgrsv t Ur v a x dksnh?kZgksrk gS A 19- v kns ' kçR;; ; ks% 20- l oZ ukel a Kk 21- v kns ' kçR;; ; ks% 22- b.dks%


29


v t Ur i q fYy a x esav nUr ' kCnksar Fkk l oZ ukeksaosQ: i mÙkj &4 23- ' khv kns'kgksrk gS 24- v nUr l oZ uke l si jst l ~dks' kh v kns'k gksrk gS A 25- LeSv kns'k gksrk gS A 26- Lekr~v kS j fLeu~v kns'k gksrsgS A a 27- v kfe l oZ ukEu%l q V~ A

è; ku nsa %

30

28- v o.kkZ Ur l si jsl oZ uke l sfofgr v ke~dksl q V~dk v kxe gksrk gS A


v t Ur i q fYy a x esabd kj kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i

i kB&12 v t Ur i q fYy a x esa bdkjkfn ' kCnka sos Q: i

12

v t Ur i q fYy a x esabd kj kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i

è; ku nsa %

iw oZ r u i kB esav ki jke ' kCn osQ: i fl ¼ djukt ku x; sAi S r hl l oZ a uke ' kCnksadksHkht ku pq oQ sAi gysv t Urksaesav dkjkUr ' kCnka sosQ: i fl f¼ dhçfØ; kt ku pq oQ sAv kS j v dkjkUr l oZ ukel K ad l oZ' kCn dh: i fl f¼ Hkh l ekIr gq bZ Av c v kdkjkUri q fYyÄ~ x ' kCnksaosQ: i fl f¼ dh çfØ; k dks t kus xasArRi' pkr~o.kkZ uq Øe osQv uq l kj bdkjkUri q fYyÄ~ x ' kCnksaos Q: i fl f¼ dhçfØ; kdkst kus xsv kS a j t gkat gka: i fl f¼ esaoq Q N fo' ks"k dk; ZgS ] mu fo' ks"k dk; ks±osQfl f¼ osQfy, oq a Q N fo' ks"kl w =k Hkh yxsa xsA: i fl f¼ gsrqosgh fo' ks"k l w =k rFkk fo' ks"k dk; Zbl çdj.k esafoLrkj i w oZ d crk; st k, a xsA

mís'; bl i kB dksi yp%bl a lw =kl sui lq adL; i n dhv uq o`fÙkgkrshgSt ksfd bd%i n dkfo' ks"; gksrkgS ]iQ yLo: i rnUrfof/ osQ}kjkbxUr ui q l d dks; g v FkZfu"i Uu gksrkgS a Av fp i n esarnkfn fof/ osQ}kjkv t kfn foHkfÙkQ osQi jsjgrs; g v FkZçkIr gkst krk gS Aoq Q y l fEefyr djosQl w =kkFkZcurkgS& v t kfn çR;; i j esa fo| eku gksrksbxUr ui a lqd dksuq e~dkv kxe gksrkgS Auq e~esafeRdj.kosQdkj.k; g v kxe gSi rk pyrk gS Auq e~osQfer~gksusl s; g v fUre v p~l si j esat kdj fLFkr gksrk gS A mnkgj . k & okfj.khA lw =kkFkZl eUo; & okfj' kCn l sçFkekf}opu esav kS çR;; ] ml dks' khv kns'k] v uq cU/ yksi] okfj $ bZcu x; kAokfj ' kCn bxUr ui q l d fya a x gS Av r%ml l sv t kfn çR;; osQi jsjgrsuq e~dkv kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] okfj u~bZcu x; kAv V~ oq Q IokÄ~ uq EO;ok; s¿fi bl l w =kl s.kRo djusi j okfj.kh; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A çFkekosQcgq opu dhfoo{kk esat l ~çR;; ] v uq cU/yksi] okfj $ v l ~; g fLFkfr cu x; hA t ' ' kl k% s f' kbl l w =kl sf' kv kns'kf' kl oZ ukeLFkkue~l sl oZ ukeLFkkul a Kk] rRi' pkr~bdks¿fp foHkÙkQ kS l suq e~dkv kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] okfj u~b cu x; kAl oZ ukeLFkkuspkl Ecq ¼kSbl l w =kl sbl l w =k l s mi / knh?kZudkj dks.kRo djusi j okjhf.k; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS Aokfj ' kCn osQf}rh; kfoHkfÙkQ esaçFkek osQgh rjg : i gksrsgS A a okfj ' kCn l sl Eck/su osQ, dopu esal q çR;; v uq cU/yksi] gsokfj l ~cu x; kALoeksuiZq l dkr~ a lw =k l sl q çR;; dk yq d ~djusi j gsokfj ; g : i cu t krk gS AçR;; yksisçR;; y {k.ke~bl l w =k l sçR;; y{k.kekudj ßLoL; xq . k%l sxq . kçkIr gS Aysfdu ; gkal q çR;; yq d ~' kCn l syq Ir gSv r% u yq erkÄ~ xL; l = wkl sfu"k/s gkst krkgS AmijUrqu yq erk¿Ä~ xL; ; g fu"ks/ v fuR; gS Av r%xq . k, dkj djusi j gsokjsl ~cu x; kArRi' pkr~, Ä~ ßLokRl Ecq ¼s%bl l w =kl sl Ecq f¼ dkyksi djusi j gsokjs 70


v t Ur ui q a l d fy a x ; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS Ai jUrqft l i {kesau yq erkÄ~ xL; l w =kv fuR; ughagSml i {kesaxq . kugha gksxk rc gsokfj ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

i kB&14 v t Ur ui q a l d fy a x

l Ecks/u osQf}opu esav kSçR;; ] i w oZ or~gsokfj.kh ; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS Acgq opu esa t l ~çR;; djusi j gsokjhf.k ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A r`r h; kosQ, dopu esaVkçR;; okfj $ v kcu x; kA; gkabdks¿fp foHkÙkQ kSl suq e~dkv kxe rFkk v kÄksukfL=k; ke~l suk v kns'k , d l kFk çkIr gksrk gS A; gkai j esagksusosQdkj.k foçfr"ks/si ja dk; Z e~bl fu; e l sv kÄksukfL=k; ke~l sukv kns'kdjusi j .kRo djusl sokfj.kk; g : i fl ¼ gkrskgS A

a % f}opu esaH; ke~çR;; okfjH; ke~: i curkgS Acgq opu esafHkl ~çR;; l dkj dks#Ro fol xZ è; ku ns okfjfHk%; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS Aprq FkhZosQ, dopu esaÄsçR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] okfj , bl fLFkfr es abdkjkUr gksusosQdkj.k' ks"kks?; l f• bl l w =kl sf?kl a KkgkrshgS ArRi' pkr~bdks¿fp foHkÙkQ kSl sçkIr uq ekxe dksck/ dj i j gksusosQdkj.k?ksfÄfrZl sxq . kçkIr gksrkgS ArRi' pkr~o`¼~ ; kS Ror`Ton~ Hkkoxq . ksH; ks uq e~i w oZ foçfr"ks/su bl okfrZ d l si j esafo| eku xq . kdksHkhcka / dj uq e~dkv kxe djusi j okfju~ , cu x; kAudkj dks.kRo djusi j okfj.ks; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A prq FkhZosQf}opu esaH; ke~çR;; okfjH; ke~cgq opu esaH; l ~çR;; l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjus i j okfjH; %: i fl ¼ gksrsgS A a i ×pehosQ, dopu esaÄfl çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] okfj v l ~bl fLFkfr esabdkjkUr gksusosQ dkj.k' ks"kks?; l f• bl l w =kl sf?kl a KkgksrhgS ArRi' pkr~bdk¿ sfp foHkÙkQ kSl sçkIr uq ekxe dkscka èkdj i j gksusosQdkj.k?ksfÄfr l sxq . kçkIr gksrkgS ArRi' pkr~o`¼~ ; kS Ror`Ton~ Hkkoxq . ksH; ksuq e~i w oZ foçfr"ksèksu bl okfrZ d l si j esafo| eku xq . kdksHkhcka / dj uq e~dkv kxe djusi j okfju~v l ~cu x; kAudkj dks.kRo djusi j okfj.k%; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS Af}opu esaH; ke~çR;; okfjH; ke~ ] cgq opu esaH; l ~ çR;; okfjH; %: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A "k"BhosQ, dopu esaÄl ~çR;; v uq cU/ yksi] i w oZ or~i j esafo| eku xq . kdksHkhck/ dj uq e~ dk v kxe l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j okfj.k%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A "k"BhosQf}opu esav ksl~çR;; bdks; .kfp l s; .k~v kns'kçkIr gksrkgSml scka / dj bdks¿fp foHkÙkQ kSl suq e~v kxe vuq cU/ ykis udkj os QLFkku i j .kdkj djusi j okfj.kks%; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS A "k"BhosQcgq opu esav ke~çR;; ] okfj $ v ke~; g fLFkfr cu x; hA; gkabdks¿fp foHkÙkQ kSl s uq e~dk v kxe çkIr gSrFkk ßLou| ki ksuq V~l suq Mkxe çkIr gS Ai jUrqo`¼~ ; kS Ror`Ton~ Hkkoxq . ksH; ksuq e~ iw oZ foçfr"ks/su bl okfrZ d l si j uq V~dksHkhck/ dj uq e~dkv kxe djusi j ukfe l w =kl snh?kZdjus i j okjh.kke~; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A l Ireh osQ, dopu esafÄçR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] okfj b bl fLFkfr esav Pp ?ks%bl l w =k l s v kS d kj v kns'kçkIr gSo`¼~ ; kS Ror`Ton~ Hkkoxq . ksH; ksuq e~i w oZ foçfr"ks/su bl okfrZ d l si j v kS d kjkns'kdks ck/ dj uq e~v kxe djusi j ofju~b bl fLFkfr esa.Ro djusi j okfjf.k ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A f}opu esav ksl~çR;; i w oZ or~okfj.kks%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS Acgq opu esal q i ~çR;; l dkj dksv kns'kçR;; ; ks%l s"kdkj v kns'kk djusi j mokfj"kq; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A okfj ' kCn l ekIr gq v kA


71


v t Ur ui q a l d fy a x

i kBxr i z'u&3 13- LoeksuZ iq l dkr~bl l w a =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 15- yq eku~dkS u&dkS u l sgS A a 16- dc çR;; yksi gksusi j çR;; y{k.k ughagq v k djrk gS \ 17- okjhf.k esauq e~v kxe fdl l w =k l sgksrk gS \

è; ku nsa % 18- okfj ' kCn osQl Ecks/u , dopu esafdrus: i gksrsgS \ a nf/ fuR; ui q l dfya a x esaorZ eku v O;q RiUu v t Ur nf/ ' kCn dh v FkZ on/ krq j çR;; %çkfri fnde~ l sçkfri fnd l a Kk] ml l sçFkekosQ, dopu dhfoo{kkesal q çR;; ] okfj' kCn osQrjg nf/ ' kCn gksrk gS Af}opu esav kSçR;; ] nf/ uh : i gksrk gS Acgq opu esat l ~çR;; esan/ hfu ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS Af}rh; k esaHkh i w oZ or~nf/ nf/ uh n/ hfu ; s: i cursgS A a nf/ ' kCn l sl Ecks/u osQ, dopu esal qçR;; v uq cU/ yksi] gsnf/ l ~cu x; k u yq erkÄ~ xL; osQv fuR;Ro osQi {kesaçR;; yksisçR;; y{k.ke~osQfu"ks/ u gksusosQdkj.kokfj' kCn osQrjg gsn/ s; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS Afu"ks/ i {kesaçR;; y{k.kosQv Hkko gksusosQdkj.kgsokfj ; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A l Ecks/u osQf}opu esav kS çR;; ] i w oZ or~gsnf/ uh ; g : i curk gScgq opu esat l ~çR;; esagsn/ hfu ; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A lw =kkorj.k& nf/ ' kCn osQr`r h; kosQ, dopu esaVkçR;; ] okfj $ Vkcu x; kA' ks"kks?; l f• l snf/ ' kCn dhf?kl a KkgksrhgS Af?kl a Kk gksusosQdkj.k v kÄksukfL=k; ke~l w =k l sVk osQLFkku i j uk v kns'k çkIr jgrk gS Arc ; g l w =k v kjEHk gksrk gS A

14-14 v fLFknf/ l DF; {. kkeuÄq nkÙk%AA7-1-75 AA lw =kkFkZ& buosQLFkku i j v uÄ~v kns'k gksrk gS Aog v kns'k mnkÙk Hkh gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & ; g fof/ l w =kgS Av fLFknf/ l DF; {.kke~"k"Bhdkcgq opu gS Av uÄ~çFkekUr i n gS AmnkÙk%çFkekUr i n gS Abl l w =k esarhu i n gS Av fLFk p nf/ p l fDFkp v f{kp v fLFknf/ l fDF; {khf.k rs"kke~v fLFknf/ l DF; {.kke~brjsrj ; ksx }U} l ekl Av uÄ~çFkekUr , d i n gS Av uÄ~ dkÄdkj bRla Kd gSrFkkv dkj mPpkj.kkFkd Z gS AfÄr~gksusosQdkj.kfÄPp i fjHkk"kkosQ}kjkv fUre dksv kns'k gksrk gS Av r%; g v kns'k fof/ gS; g fuf' pr gksrk gS AmnkÙk%çFkekUr i n gS Abdks¿fp foHkÙkQ kSl svfp v kjSfoHkÙkQ kS; snksl IrE; Ur i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Amu nksuksadkcgq opukUr foi fj.kke fd; k t krk gS Av r%v {kqfoHkfÙkQ "kq; g v FkZçkIr gkst krk gS A; gkarnkfn fof/ osQdkj.k v t kfn r`r h; k v kfn foHkfÙkQi jsjgrs; g v FkZgksrk gS Ar`r h; kfn"kqHkkf"kri q Ldai q a on~xkyoL; bl l w a =k l s r`r h; kfn"kq; g l IrE; Ur i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Av r%bl l w =kdkv FkZl Ei Uu gksrkgS & v t kfn r`r h; k v kfn foHkfÙkQ ; ksaos Qi jsjgrsvfLFknf/ l fDFkv f{kosQLFkku i j v uÄ~vkns ' kgkrskgS Av kS j og mnkÙk gksrkgS A 72


v t Ur ui q a l d fy a x mnkgj . k & nèukA


r`r h; k osQ, dopu esaVkçR;; ] v uq cU/yksi] nf/ $ v k bl fLFkfr esav t kfn çR;; i j esa gksv r%bl l w =kl sv fUre bdkj osQLFkku i j v uÄ~v kns'k] v uq cU/yksi] n/ u~v k cu x; kArc&

14-15 & v Yy ksiks¿u%AA6-4-134 AA lw =kkFkZ& v Ä~ x dkv o; o v l oZ ukeLFkku ; dkjkfn rFkkv t kfn Lokfn i j esagksrkst ksv u~ ml osQv dkj dk yksi gksrk gS A

a % mnkgj . k & ; g fof/ l w =k gS Av r~yksi%v u%; g i nPNsn gS Abl l w =k esarhu i n gS Av r~ è; ku ns yq Ir"k"BÔUr i n gS Al q i kal q yq Di w oZ l o.kkZ PNsMkMÔkTt ky%bl l w =kl s"k"BhfoHkfÙkQdkyq d ~gq v k gS A yksi%çFkekUr i n gSv u%v o; o"k"BÔUr i n v r~dk fo' ks"k.kgS Av r%v u~dkv o; o t ksv dkj ; g v FkZçkIr gksrkgS Av Ä~ xL; dkv f/ dkj gSt ksfd ; gkav o; o"k"BÔUr Lohdkj fd; kt krkgS ] rFkk ml sv u%esav fUor dj fn; k t krk gS Av r%v Ä~ x dk v o; o t ksv u~ml osQv o; o v dkj dk yksi gksrk gS AHkL; dk v f/ dkj gS Aog v u%osQl kFk v fUor gksrk gS Abl çdkj bl l w =k dk v FkZgksxk& v l oZ ukeLFkku ; dkjkfn v t kfn Lokfn i jd t ksv Ä~ x dk v o; o v u~ml osQv o; o v dkj dk yksi gksrk gS A mnkgj . k & nèukA lw =kkFkZl eU o; & r`r h; kosQ, dopu esaVkçR;; ] v uÄ~v kns'k] n/ u~v kcu x; kArRi' pkr~ bl l w =kl sv t kfn çR;; osQi jsjgrsv u~osQv dkj dkyksi djusi j nèu~v k; g fLFkfr cu x; hA o.kZl Eesy u djusi j nèuk ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A nf/ ' kCn l sr`r h; kf}opu dhfoo{kk esaH; ke~çR;; ] nf/ H; ke~; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS A cgq opu esafHkl ~çR;; nf/ fHk%; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A prq FkhZosQ, dopu esaÄsçR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] i w oZ or~v uÄ~v kns'k] v u~osQv dkj dkyksi djusi j nèus; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS Acgq opu esaH; l ~çR;; djusi j nf/ H; %; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A i ×pehosQ, dopu esaÄfl çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] i w oZ or~v uÄ~v kns'k] v u~osQv dkj dk yksi djusi j nèu%; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS Af}opu esaH; ke~çR;; ] nf/ H; ke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS Acgq opu esaH; l ~çR;; nf/ H; %; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A "k"Bhos Q, dopu esaÄl ~çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] i w oZ or~v uÄ~v kns ' k] vu~os Qv dkj dkyksi djusi j nèu%; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS Af}opu esv ksl~çR;; ] i w oZ or~v uÄ~v kns'k] v u~os Qv dkj dkyksi] nèuks%; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS Acgq opu esav ke~çR;; i w oZ or~v uÄkns'k] v u~osQv dkj dk yksi djusi j nèuke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

14-16 & foHkk"kk fÄ' ; ks%AA6-4-136 lw =kkFkZ& vÄ~ x dkv o; o v l oZ ukeLFkku ; dkjkfn vt kfn Lokfn i jd t ksvu~ml osQvdkj dk yksi fodYi l sgksrk gS AfÄ v kS j ' kh i j esagksrksA


73

i kB&14



lw =k O;k[ ; k & ; g fof/ l w =kgS AfoHkk"kk; g fodYi kFkZ d v O;; i n gS AfÄ' ; ks%l Irehdk f}opu gS AfÄ' p ' khp bfr fÄ' ; kSbrjsrj ; ksx }U} l ekl r; k% s fÄ' ; ks% AvYyksiku s%l = wkdkvuq orZ u gksrkgS Av u%v o; o"k"BÔUr gSt ksfd v r~dkfo' ks"k.kgS Abl dkj.kl sv u~dkv o; o t ksv dkj ; g v FkZçkIr gkst krkgS Av Ä~ xL; dkv f/ dkj gS At ksfd v o; o "k"BÔUr Lohdkj fd; kt krkgS A og v u%osQl kFk v fUor gksrk gS A' kh i n osQ}kjk ui q l dkPp l sfofgr ' khv kns'k gh fy; k t krk a gSufd t ' ' kl ksf' k l w =k l sfofgr f' k v kns'k] D; ksa fd f' k v kns'k dh f' k l oZ ukeLFkkue~l w =k l s l oZ ukeLFkku l a Kk gksrh gS Av r%f' k osQi jsjgrsHkl a Kk osQu gksusosQdkj.k l s; g l w =k ço`Ùk ugha gksrk gS Av r%bl l w =k dk v FkZl Ei Uu gksrk gS & v Ä~ x dk v o; o v l oZ ukeLFkku ; dkjkfn v t kfn è; ku nsa % Lofn osQi jsjgrst ksv u~ml osQv dkj dk fodYi l syksi gksrk gS AfÄ v kS j ' kh osQi jsjgrsA mnkgj . k& nfèuAA lw =kkFkZl eUo; & l IrehosQ, dopu esafÄçR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] v uÄ~v kns'k n/ u~b bl fLFkfr esacu~osQv dkj dk v Yyksiks¿u%l w =k l sfuR; l syksi çkIr gq v k ml scka / dj bl l w =k l s fodYi l sv Ä~ x os Qvo; o v u~osQv dkj dkykis djusi j nfèu ; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS AfodYi l syksi gksusosQdkj.k yksi osQv Hkko i {k esan/ fu ; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A l Ireh osQf}opu esav ksl~çR;; ] i w oZ or~v uÄ~v kns'k] v u~osQv dkj dk yksi l dkj dk #Ro fol xZdjusi j nèuks%; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS Acgq opu esal q i ~çR;; ] l dkj osQLFkku i j ew /Z U; "kdkj v kns'k djusi j nf/ "kq; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A

i kBxr i z'u&4 19- nf/ ' kCn dh çkfri fnd l a Kk fdl l w =k l sgksrh gS \ 20- nf/ ' kCn osQl Ecks/u osQ, dopu esafdrus: i gksrsgS \ a 21- v fLFknf/ l DF; {.kkeuÄq nkÙk%bl l w =k l sD; k v kns'k fd; k t krk gS \ 22- nèuk esav u~osQv dkj dk yksi fdl l w =k l sgq v k gS \ 23- v Yyksiks¿u%l w =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 24- foHkk"kk fÄ' ; ks%l w =k l sD; k fo/ ku fd; k t krk gS \

i kB l kj bl i kB esaui q l d ' kCnksaosQ: i oS a Q l sgksrsga Sbl fo"k; dhppkZdhx; hgS A; | fi ui q ld a ' kCnksaosQHkh: i çk; %i q fYya x osQghl eku gksrsga ArFkkfi ft u LFkyka S sesafofHkUurkfn• kbZnsrhgS A ml dkfooj.kfoLrkj l sfn; kx; kgS Ai gysKku ' kCn osQ: i oS Q l sgksrsgS \ fooj.ki w a oZ d cryk; k x; k gS ArRi' pkr~çR;; yksi dksekudj çR;; kfJr dk; ZdgkaughagksrsgS amu LFkyksadksfoLrkj l s crk; k x; k gS ArRi' pkr~ui q l d fya x esaßLo djusokyk l w =k crk; k x; k gS Adgkauq ekxe gksrk gS ; g Hkhcryk; k x; kArRi' pkr~nf/ ' kCn osQçfri knu esav t kfn çR;; i jsjgrsv u~osQv dkj dk yksi oS Q l sgksrk gSbl dk Hkh fopkj fd; k x; k gS A; sl Hkh bl i kB esafoLrkj l sçfri kfnr fd; s x; sgS A a 74



i kBkUr i z'u 1-

v rks¿e~l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

2-

ui q l dL; >yp%l w a =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

3-

l oZ ukeLFkkuspkl Ecq ¼kSl w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

4-

ßLoksui q l osQçkfri fndL; l w a =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

5-

, dkt q Ùkji ns.k%l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

6-

LoeksuZ iq l dkr~bl l w a =k dh O;k[ ; k djk\s

7-

bdks¿fp foHkÙkQ kSbl l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

8-

v fLFknf/ l DF; {.kkeuÄq nkÙk%l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djs\

9-

v Yyksiks¿u%bl l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\


è; ku nsa %

10- l w =kksYys• i w oZ d : i fl f¼ djks\ & Kkukfu] gsKkus] Jhi kf.k] okjhf.k] okfj.ks] nèukA

i kBxr i z'uksÙkj mÙkj &1 1-

v rks¿e~bl l w =k l s

2-

LoeksuZ iq l dkr~dk a

3-

ui q l d l si j esav kS a Ä~dks' kh v kns'k gkrsk gS A

4-

v kS Ä~osQLFkku i j ' kh v kns'k gksrk gS A

5-

t ' ' kl ks%f' k l s

6-

Hkl a Kd bo.kZv kS j mo.kZdk yksi gksrk gSbZ d kj rFkk rf¼r i jsjgrsA

mÙkj &2 7-

f' k l oZ ukeLFkkue~bl l w =k l s

8-

ui q l dL; >yp%bl l w a =k l sA

9-

l oZ ukeLFkkuspkl Ecq ¼kSbl l w =k l sA

10- ßLoksui q l osQçkfri fndL; l sA a 11- , dkt q Ùkji ns.k%osQ}kjk 12-

, dkp~mÙkji n esagksft l osQml l ekl esai w oZ i n esafLFkr fufeÙk l si j ea sfo| eku çkfri fndkUr] uq e~v kS j foHkfÙkQ LFk udkj dks.kdkj gksrk gS A


75

i kB&14


v t Ur ui q a l d fy a x mÙkj &3 13- ui q l d v Ä~ a x l si j esafo| eku l qv kS j v e~dk yq d ~gksrk gS A 14- LoeksuZ iq l dkr~l = a wk l sA 15- yq d ~' yq ] yq i ~; syq eku~gS A 16- yq eku~' kCnksal syq Ir gksusi j çR;; dksv kfJr ekudj dk; Zughagksrsga A S

è; ku nsa %

17- bdks¿fp foHkÙkQ kSl w =k l s 18- nks: i gksrsgS a& gsokjs] gsokfjA

mÙkj &4 19- v FkZ on/ krq j çR;; %çkfri fnde~ 20- nks: i gksrsgS Agsn/ sgsnf/ A a 21- v uÄ~v kns 'k 22- v Yyksiks¿u%l w =k l s

76

23-

v Ä~ x dkv o; o v l oZ ukeLFkku ; dkjkfn v t kfn Lokfn i j ea sjgrst ksv u~ml osQv dkj dk yksi gksrk gS A

24-

foHkk"kk fÄ' ; ks%& fÄ v kS j ' kh i j esagksrksv u~osQv dkj dk fodYi l syksi gksrk gS A


gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i

15

gyUr çd j . k esafyg~nqg~bR;kfn ' kCn : i

i kB&15 gy Ur çd j . k esa fy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i

è; ku nsa %

bl yksd esacgq r l s' kCn ç; q ÙkQgksrsgS A a muesaoq Q N ' kCn v t Ur gS ArFkk oq Q N ' kCn gyUr gS Abl çdkj l sv t Ur v kS j gyUr osQHksn l s' kCn nksçdkj osQgksrsgS a, slk dg l drsgS Abl l s a iw oZv è; k; esav t Ur~' kCnka sosQ: i fl f¼ dhçfØ; kfopkj dhx; hAyksd esat ksçfl ¼ gyUr ' kCn O;ogkj ea syk, t krsgS ] muosQ: i fl f¼ dh çfØ; k dkst kuusosQckn v U; çfl ¼ gyUr ' kCnka a s dhHkh: i fl f¼ dhçfØ; kv kl ku gkst krhgS AoS l sgh' kCn ; gkafy; sx; sgS Amu : i ksadhfl f¼ a osQfy, ft u l w =kksadhv i s{kkgksrhgSmudkHkhl jy ' kS y hl sO;k[ ; kdht krhgS Açfl ¼ l w =kksadh O;k[ ; kosQfy, nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn Hkhfy, x; sgS A a bl v è; k; esaft u ' kCnka sdkfopkj fd; kt k, xk osgS & fyg~ a ] nq g~ ] fo' ookg~v uMq g~ ]lq fno~ ] prq j~ ] fde~ ] jkt u~ ] e?kou~ ] ;q ou~ ] i fFku~ ] ia pu~ ] v "Vu~ ] rn~ ] v Len~ ] ;q "en~ ] egr~ ] fo}l ~ ] Hkor~ ] v nl ~ ] nnr~ ] i pr~ Al HkhpkS chl ' kCnksadh: i fl f¼ dh çfØ; k ; gkacryk; h x; h gS Amu ' kCnksadh fl f¼ osQfy, bdgÙkj l w =kksadh O;k[ ; k dh x; h gS A ' kCnksaosQrhu fya x gksrsgS ] ; g v ki usi gyst kuk ghgS a Açfl ¼ xzUFkksadk v oyksd u djsarks ; g t ku l drsgS afd i gysi q fYya x ' kCnksadk] rRi' pkr~L=khfya x ' kCnka sdk rFkk ui q l dfya a x ' kCnka s dkfoospu gksrkgS Aml hos Qfy, çdj.kdkHkn s Hkhfn• ykbZnsrkgS A; gkarks, d gh' kCn dksysd j ml osQi fqYya x esaL=khfya x esarFkkui q l dfya a x esaft rus: i gksrsgS AmudkØe' k%ghfl f¼ dhx; h a gS Abl l si gysl q cUr esav t Ur çdj.k esai q fYya x L=khfya x rFkk ui q l dfya a x ' kCnksadk fopkj fd; k x; kAmuesal scgq r l sl w =k; gkaHkhv krsga Amudkfi Q S j l sO;k[ ; ku ; gkaughafd; k x; kgS AosQ oy mu l w =kka sl sD; k fo/ ku fd; k t krk gS Aml dk mYys• ek=k fd; k x; k gS A pkjksai kBksaesa; ksX; rk cfy ; g l IrE; Ur i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Ai nL; dkv f/ dkj gS ALdks%l ;aksxk| ksjUrsp bl l w =kl svUrs; g l IrE; Ur i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Ankns %èkkrks% "k"BÔsd opukUr i n gS A?k%çFkekUr i n gS An%v kfn; Z L; l nkfn%rL; nkns %cgq ozhfg l ekl bl çdkj bl l w =k dkv FkZgksrsgS & a mi ns'kesat ksndkjkfn / krqml osQgdkj osQLFkku i j ?kdkj gksrk gS A>y~ i jsjgrs; k i nkUr esa Abl l w =kesankfn i n l smi ns'kesat ksndkjkfn / krq; g v FkZghLohÑr fd; k x; k gS A; g v FkZi ra t fy egkHkk"; esaO;k[ ; ku l sçkIr gksrk gS A ckè; ck/ d Hkko & gks"kUrL; Lèoks%; g l w =ki nPNsn gS Ankns/kZ r ks?kZbl l w =kl sèkrks% ; g "k"BÔUr i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Ai nL; dkv f/ dkj gS ALdks%l a ; ksxk| ksjUrsp bl l w =kl sv Urs; g l IrE; Ur i n v uq ofrZ r gksrk gS A, d%v p~; L; l %, dkp~rL; , dkp%cgq ozhfg l ekl A>"k~v Urs ; L; l %>"kUr%rL; >"kUrL; cgq ozhfg l ekl ] l ~p èo p brjsrj; ksx}U} LèokSr; ks%Lèoks% A >"k~i n osQ}kjk >~Hk~?k~ ] YçR;kgkj l dkj v kS j èo ' kCn i jsjgrsrFkk i nkUr esa AA lw =kkFkZl eUo; & nq ?k~; | fi / krqgSfi Q j Hkh O;i nsf' kon~ Hkko l s/ krqdk v o; o gkst krk gS A; gka, dkp~>"kUr HkhgS Av r%; gkac' k~ndkj osQLFkku i j Hk"Hkko djusosQdkj.k/ ~v kns'kgks t krkgS Av r%/ q ?k~gkst krkgS A>ykat ' kks¿Ursl s?kdkj dkst ' Ro xdkj djusi j / q x~; g : i fu"i Uu gkst krkgS ArRi' pkr~ok¿ol kusl w =kl sxdkj dksfodUi l spRoZdjusi j , d i {kesa/ q d ~; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS Aft l i {k esapRoZughagksrk gS ] ml i {k esa/ q x~; gh : i jg t krk gS A


nq g~H; ke~bl fLFkfr esaLokfn"ol oZ ukeLFkkusl snq g~dhi n l a KkgksrhgS ArRi' pkr~i nkUr esa a % fo| eku gdkj dksnkns/kZ r ks?kZ %l w =kl s?kdkj djusi j nq ?k~H; ke~; g fLFkfr cu x; hArRi' pkr~, dkpks è; ku ns c' kksHk"k~>"kUrL; Lèoks%bl l w =k l sndkj dks/ dkj djusi j / q ?k~H; ke~cu x; kA>ykat ' kks¿Urs l s?kdkj dkst ' Ro xdkj djusi j / q XH; ke~; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A nq g~' kCn l sl IrehosQcgq opu esal q i ~çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] nq g~l qbl fLFkfr esagdkj dks ?kdkj] ndkj dksHk"k~Hkko / dkj djusi j / q ?k~l qcu x; krRi' pkr~>ykat ' kks¿Ursbl l w =kl s?kdkj dkst ' k~Hkko xdkj djusi j / q x~l qcu x; kArRi' pkr~• fj p l sxdkj dkspRoZddkj djusi j /q d ~l qcu x; kAv kns'k çR;; ; ks%l w =k l sl dkj dks"kdkj djusi j o.kZl Eesy u l s/ q {kq; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A

i kBxr i z'u&1 1-

fyg~l qesal dkj dk yksi fdl l w =k l sgksrk gS \

2-

fyg~' kCn osQl Ireh cgq opu esafdrus: i cursgS \ osdkS a u l sgS \ a

3-

nq g~bl fLFkfr esagksuhpkfg, Al IrehosQcgq opu esarksfyg~' kCn osQl eku çfØ; k l e>uh pkfg, A 82



i kBxr i z'u&2 7-

l Eçl kj.k l a Kk djusokyk l w =k dkS u&l k gS \

8-

l Eçl kj.k l a Kk dk , d dk; Zfy• ks\

9-

l Eçl kj.k l sv p~i jsjgrsi w oZ: i , dkns'k gksrk gSv Fkok i j : i , dkns'k\


10- fo' ookg~' kCn l st l ~çR;; ] ' kl ~çR;; esaD; k : i gksrsgS \ a 11- okg ÅB~l w =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 12- fo' o Å v kg~bl v oLFkk esav dkj Ådkj osQLFkku i j xq . k gksrk gS; k o`f¼\

è; ku nsa %

v uMq g~' kCn v u%' kdVaogfr bfr v uM~ oku~ Av FkkZ r ~v uMq g~dkv FkZgS& ' kdV; kfu cS y xkM+ hdks• ha pus okykAv ul ~mi i n i w oZ d og~/ krql sv ul ksM' p bl l w =k l sfDoi ~çR;; v kS j l dkj dksMdkj v kns'kdjusi j] ofpLofi ; t knhukafdfr bl l w =kl sodkj dksl Eçl kj.kmdkj djusi j rFkki w oZ :i djusl sv uMg q~' kCn fu"i Uu gksrkgS Av uMq g~' kCn l sl q çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] v uMq g~l ~cu x; kbl n' kkesav xykl w =kço`ÙkgksrkgS A

15-7 & pr q j uMq gksjkeq nkÙk%7-1-98 A lw =kkFkZ& prq j ~v kS j v uMq g~' kCn dksv ke~gksrk gSl oZ ukeLFkku i jsjgrsA lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =k l sv ke~dk v kxe gksrk gS Av r%; g , d fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =k esa rhu i n gS Aprq a j uMq gks%v ke~mnkÙk%; g i nPNsn gS Aprq j uMq gks%"k"Bhf}opukUr i n gS Av ke~çFkekUr i n gSmnkÙk%çFkekUr i n gS Avke~çFkekUr i n gS AmnkÙk%çFkekUr i n gS Abrks¿Rl oZ ukeLFkkusbl l w =k l sl oZ ukeLFkkusl w =kl sl oZ ukeLFkkus; g i n vuq ofrZ r gksrkgS Av r%bl l w =kdkl jykFkZgksrkgS Aprq j~ ' kCn v kS j v uMq g~' kCn osQLFkku i j v ke~dk v kxe gksrk gS Al oZ uke LFkku l a Kd çR;; i jsjgrsA ; g v ke~v kxe fer~gSD; ka sfd gyUR;e~l sedkj dhbRl a KkgksrhgS ArL; yksi%l syksi Hkh gkst krkgS Afer~gksusosQdkj.kfenpks¿UR;kRij%bl i fjHkk"kkosQ}kjk; g v kxe v fUre v p~l si j esajgsxkA; g v ke~v kxe mnkÙk gksrk gS Aml dk i Q y Loj çdj.k esagS Av f/ d t kuuk pkgusokys ft Kkl qdkS eq nh v kfn xzUFkksadksns• sa A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & v uMq g~l ~bl fLFkfr esa ] ; gkal oZ ukeLFkku l a Kd çR;; i j esagS Av r% ml osQi j jgrsv uMq g~' kCn osQv fUre v p~l si j esaçLrq r lw =k l sv ke~v kxe] edkj dkv uq cU/ yksiAv uMqv kg~l ~cu x; kArRi' pkr~bdks; .kfp l smdkj dks; .k~odkj djusi j v uM~o~v k g~l ~cu x; kArc v xyk l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS &

15-8 & l kouMq g%7-1-82 lw =kkFkZ& v uMq g~' kCn dksuq e~v kxe gksrk gSl qi jsjgrsA lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =kl suq e~dkv kxe gksrkgS Av r%; g fof/ l w =kgS Abl l w =kesanksi n


83


gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i gS A l kSv uMq g%; g i nPNsn gS A l kSl Ireh dk , dopu gS A v uMq g%"k"Bh dk , dopu gS A v kPNhu| ksuZ e~bl l w q =k l suq e~bl çFkekUr i n dh v uq o`fÙk gksrh gS Av r%bl l w =k dk l jy v FkA gksrk gS Av uMq g~' kCn osQLFkku i j uq e~dk v kxe gksrk gS Al qfoHkfÙkQi jsjgrsA ; g uq e~v kxe fer~gS A uq e~esaudkj ek=k v o' ks"k jgrk gS A fer~gksus osQdkj.k l s fenpks¿UR;kRij%bl l w =k l sv fUre v p~l si j esa; g v kxe gksxkA

lw =kkFkZl eUo; & v uM~ okg~l ~bl fLFkfr esal q çR;; i j esagS Av r%ml çR;; osQi jsjgrs çLrq rlw =kl sv fUre vp~v kdkj l si j es auq e~dkv kxeAvuq cU/ yksi] v uM~ oku~g~l ~ ; g fLFkfr cu x; hAgYÄ~ ; kCH; ksnh?kkZ r ~l q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~l sl dkj dkyksi] v uM~ oku~g~cu x; kAl a ; ksxkUrL; è; ku nsa % yksi%bl l w =k l sl a ; ksx osQv Ur esafo| eku gdkj dk yksi djusi j v uM~ oku~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A; gkal a ; ksxkUr yksi v fl ¼ gSv r%u yksi%çkfri fndkUrL; l sudkj dkyksi gksughagksi krkgS A v uMq g~' kCn l sl Ecks/u osQ, dopu esal q çR;; ] v uq cU/yksi] v uMq g~l ~bl v oLFkk esa prq j uMq gksjkeq nkÙk%l sv kekxe çkIr gS Aml dk v i okn : i l sv xyk l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS A

15-9 & v e~l Ecq ¼kS 7-1-99AA lw =kkFkZ& prqv kS j v uMq g~osQLFkku i j v e~v kxe gksrk gSl Ecq f¼ i jsjgrsA lw =k O;k[ ; k & v e~v kxe osQfo/ ku osQdkj.k] ; g fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =kesav e~çFkekUr i n gS A l Ecq ¼kSl IrE; Ur i n gS A bl l w =k esaprq j uMq gksjkeq nkÙk%bl l w =k l sprq j uMq gks%; g "k"Bh f}opukUr i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Av r%bl l w =kdkv FkZgksrkgS & prq j ~v kS j v uMq g~' kCn dksv e~dk v kxe gksrk gS ] l Ecq f¼ l a Kd l qosQi jsjgrsA; g v ekxe fer~gksusosQdkj.k fenpks¿UR;kRij%bl i fjHkk"kk osQ}kjk v fUre v p~l si j esagksxkA lw =kkFkZl eUo; & v uMq g~l ~bl fLFkfr esa A; gkal ~l Ecks/u dk , dopu gSv r%, dopua l Ecq f¼%bl l w =k l sl Ecq f¼ l a Kd gS Av r%ml osQi jsjgrsçLrq r lw =k l sv uMq g~' kCn osQv fUre v p~l si j esav e~v kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] v uMqv g~l ~; g fLFkfr cu x; hAv c v dkj: i v p~i j esagksusosQdkj.kbdks; .kfp l s; .kkns'kv uM~o~v g~l ~gksx; kAl kouMq g%bl l w =kl sv dkj l s i j esauq e~v kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] v uM~ o~v u~g~l ~ cu x; kAgYÄ~ ; kCH; ksnh?kkZ r ~l q frL; i `ÙkQ ag~bl lw =k l sl dkj dk yksi] l a ; ksxkUrL; yksi%l sgdkj dk yksi] o.kZl Eesy u] v uM~ ou~; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS Av uMq g~H; ke bl fLFkfr esaLokfn"ol oZ ukeLFkku l sv uMq g~' kCn dh i n l a Kk gksrhgS A rc v xykl w =k v krk gS A

15-10 ol q l zl q èoa LouMq gkan%8-2-72 lw =kkFkZ& l dkjkUr oLoUr rFkk l za l ~v kfn osQLFkku i j ndkj gksrk gS Ai nkUr esabl l w =k esa nksi n gS Aol q l zlq èoa LouMq gke~"k"Bhcgq opukUr gS An%v kns'kcks/d çFkekUr i n gS Al l t "qkks#%bl lw =k l sl %"k"Bh, dopu i nka ' k dhv uq o`fÙk gksrhgS Ai nL; dkv f/ dkj gS A; gkaopu foi fj.kke l si nkuke~cu t krk gS Aol q ' p l za lq ' p èoa lq ' p v uM~ oku~p bl foxzg esabrjsrj ; ksx }U} l ekl ol q l zlq èoa LouMq g%rs"kke~ol q l zlq èoa LouMq gke~v uq o`Ùkl %; g i n fl i Z Qol qosQl kFkv fUor gksrkgS A l za l qèoa l qesanks"k u gku ssosQdkj.k] v uMq g~ea sl dkj l EHko gh ughagS Av r%rnUr fof/ osQ}kjk l kUr ol q; g v FkZçkIr gkst krk gS Aol q, d çR;; gSt ksfd ' kr` osQLFkku i j gksrk gS Aml osQ 84


gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i LFkkfuon~ Hkko djusl sol qesaHkhçR;; Ro v k t krkgS Av r%çR;; xzg.ksrnUr xzkák%bl fu; e l s rnUr fof/ ] oLoUr ; g v FkZçkIr gksrk gS Al la zqèoa lq ] v uMq g~esafo' ks"k.k esa: i ea sAv fUor gksrk gS Av r%fi Q j l srnUr fof/ gkst krh gS Al w =kkFkZl Ei Uu gksrk gS & l kUr ol q çR;; kUr rFkk l zlk| Ur èkkrq v ksaosQrFkkv uMq g~' kCn osQv fUre o.kZosQLFkku i j ndkj gksrkgS Andkj esav dkj mPpkj.kkFkZ gS A; g v kns'k v yks¿URL; bl i fjHkk"kk osQ}kjk v fUre o.kZosQLFkku i j gksrk gS A


lw =kkFkZl eUo; & v uMq g~H; ke~bl fLFkfr esaO;i nsf' kon~Hkko l sv uMq g~' kCn v uMq gUr i n HkhgS Av r%çLrq r lw =k l sgdkj osQLFkku i jsndkj v kns'k] o.kZl Eesy u djusi j v uMq n~ H; ke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

lq fno~' kCn

è; ku nsa %

fno~' kCn fuR; L=khfya x gSml dkv FkZgkrskgS Av kdk' k; kLoxZ Al q' kksHkuk| kS %v kdk' ka; L; bl foxzg esacgq ozhfg l ekl djusi j l q fno~' kCn fu"i Uu gksrkgS Av c ; g ' kCn i q fYya x esagksx; kA l ekl gksusosQdkj.k l sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l w =k l sçkfri fnd l a KkAml l sçFkek osQ, dopu dh foo{kkesal çqR;; v uq cU/ yksi] l q fno~l ~cu x; kAgYÄ~ ; kCH; ksnh?kkZ Rl q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~l sl dkj dk yksi çkIr gksusi j v xyk l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS A

15-11 & fno v kS r ~A7-1-84 lw =kkFkZ& fno~bl çkfri fnd dksv kS d kj v kns'k gksrk gSl qçR;; i jsjgrsA lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =k l sv kS d kj v kns'k gksrk gS Av r%; g fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =k ea sfno v kS r ~; snksi n gS Al kouMq S g%bl l w =k l sl kS; g i n v uq ofrZ r gksrk gS Afno%"k"Bhdk , dopu gS A v kS r ~çFkekUr i n gS Al kSl Irehdk, dopu gS Al w =kkFkZgksrkgS & l çqR;; i jsjgrsfno~bl çkfri fnd osQLFkku i j v kS d kj v kns'k gksrk gS A è; ku nsus; ksX; fo"k; & ; gkal w =k esafno~v O;q RiUu çkfri fnd Lohdkj fd; k t krk gS Av kS r~ ea sri j dj.kmPpkj.kkFkZ d gS A; fn rdkj Hkhfo/ s; gksrkrksv usd kfY' kRl oZ L; bl i fjHkk"kkosQ}kjk l Ei w . kZfno~osQLFkku i j v kS d kj v kns'k çkIr gkst krk t ksfd v fu"V gS A ;gl = wkv Ä~ xL; osQv f/ dkj esai fBr gS Av r%fno~bl çkfri fnd osQLFkku i j t ksv kns'k gksrk gS Aoghafno~' kCnkUr osQLFkku i j Hkh gksrk gSD; ksa fd i nkÄ~ xkf/ dkjsrL; p rnUrL; p bl i fjHkk"kkosQ}kjkrnUr dksHkhgksrkgS Av yks¿UR;L; bl i fjHkk"kkosQ}kjkfno~osQodkj dksgksrkgS A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & l q fno~l ~bl v oLFkk esagYÄ~ ; kCH; ksnh?kkZ r ~l q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~bl l w =k l sa l dkj dkyksi çkIr gSml scka / dj çLrq rlw =kl sodkj osQLFkku i j vkSv kns'k] l q fnv kSl ~bl fLFkfr esabdks; .kfp l sv kS d kj : i v p~i jsjgrs; .k~v kns'kl q n~; ~v kSl ~ ] o.kZl Eesy u djusi j l q | kS l~ cu x; k l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j l q | kS %; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A fopkj & ; gkal q fno~l ~bl fLFkfr esagYÄ~ ; kCH; ksnh?kkZ Rl q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~bl l w =k l sl dkj yksi rFkkfno v kS r ~l sodkj osQLFkku i j v kS d kj v kns'k, d l kFkçkIr gksrk gSi jUrqfuR; gksusosQ dkj.ki gysfno v kS r ~; ghl w =kço`ÙkgksrkgSD; ksa fd fu; e gS AÑrkÑrçl Ä~ xhfuR;% Al q fno~l ~bl v oLFkk esal dkj dk yksi fd; k t k, v Fkok u nksuksai fjfLFkfr; ksaesafno v kS r ~; g l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS Ai jUrqfno v kS r ~l w =k l sodkj dksv kS d kj djusi j gyUr u gksusosQdkj.k l sgYÄ~ ; kCH; ks& l w =k


85

i kB&15


=kfuR; gS AgYÄ~ ; kCH; ks; g v fuR; fof/ gS Av r%fno v kS r ~l s gy Ur çd j . k esa ço`ÙkughagksrkgSAv r%fno v kSr~l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS & fy g~nq g~bR;kfn odkj dksv kSdkj v kns'k ghgksrk gSAl qfno~H; ke~bl v oLFkk esav xyk l w ' kCn : i 15-12 fno mr ~A6-1-131 A lw =kkFkZ& fno~dksmdkj v Urkns'k gksrk gS ] i nkUr esa A lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =k l smdkj v kns'k gksrk gS Av r%; g fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =k esafno% mr~; snksi n gS A, Ä%i nkUrknfr bl l w =k l si nkUrkr~; g i n foHkfÙkQfoi fj.kke djosQi nkUrs; g l IrE; Ur i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Afno%"k"Bhdk, dopu gS Amr~çFkekdk, dopu gS Ai nL; v Ur% è; ku nsa % i nkUr%"k"BhrRiq#"k l ekl rfLeu~i nkUrsAl w =k dk l kekU; v FkZgksrk gS Ai nkUr esafLFkr fno~' kCn osQLFkku i j mdkj v kns'k gksrk gS A mr~dk rdkj mPpkj.kkFkZ d gS Av r%ml dhbRl a Kk ughagksrhgS A; g mv kns'k v yks¿UR;L; bl i fjHkk"kk osQ}kjk fno~osQv fUre odkj osQLFkku i j gksrk gS A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & l q fno~H; ke~bl fLFkfr esaLokfn"ol oZ ukeLFkkusbl l w =k l sl q fno~dhi n la Kk gksrhgS Av r%i nkUr esafLFkr odkj osQLFkku i j çLrq r lw =k l smdkj v kns'k djusi j l q fn m H; ke~cu x; kArRi' pkr~bdk ; .kfp l s; .k~v kns'k ; dkj djusi j l q n~; ~mH; ke~ ] o.kZl Eesy u djusi j l q |q H; ke~cu x; kA bl h çdkj l sfHkl ~H; l ~l Ireh osQcgq opu l q i ~çR;; osQi j jgrs, slsgh dk; ZgksrsgS A a

i kBxr i z'u&3 13- l kouMq g%l w =k l sD; k fo/ ku fd; k t krk gS \ 14- v uMq g~fHkl ~esagdkj osQLFkku i j D; k v kns'k gksrk gS \ 15- fno v kS r ~l w =k dk D; k dk; ZgS \ , d mnkgj.k fy• ks\ 16- fno v kS r ~esardkj dk D; k ç; kst u gS \ 17- fno v kS r ~; g l = wk fdl osQv f/ dkj esai fBr gS \ 18- l q fno~l ~esagYÄ~ ; kCH; ksnh?kkZ Rl q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~; g l w =k ço`Ùk D; ksaughagksrk gS \ 19- fno mr~l w =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 20- mdkj v kns'k v fUre o.kZodkj ; k fno~bl l Ei w . kZosQLFkku i j gksrk gS \ 21- l q fno~H; ke~esal q fno~dh i n l a Kk fdl l w =k l sgksrh gS \

pr q j ' kCn ; g ' kCn fuR; cgq opukUr gS ] v FkkZ r ~, dopu v kS j f}opu esabl osQ: i ughafeyrsga A S fdUrqrhuka sfya xka sesabl dk O;ogkj gksrk gS A iq fYya x esaprq j ' kCnA 86


gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i prq j ' kCn l sçFkek osQcgq opu esat l ~çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] prq j $ v l ~bl v oLFkk esa prq j uMg qksjkeq nkÙk%bl l w =k l sv ke~v kxe gksrk gS Av ke~dk v kdkj ek=k cprk gS A; g v ke~v kxe fer~gS Av r%fenpks¿UR;kRij%bl l w =kdhl gk; rkl sv fUre v p~mdkj osQckn esacS B t k, xkAv r% prqv kj~v l ~cu x; kAbdk; .kfp l sv kdkj : i v p~i jsjgrsmdkj osQLFkku i j ; .kkns'k odkj djusi j pRokjl ~cu x; kAl dkj dks#Ro v kS j fol xZdjusi j pRokj%; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS Aprq j ' kCn l sf}rh; kosQcgq opu esa' kl ~çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] prq j v l ~bl fLFkfr esao.kZl Eesy u djus i j prq jl ~ ] l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusprq j %; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS Aprq j ' kCn l sfHkl ~H; l ~esa l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j prq fHkZ %prq H; Z %: i fl ¼ gkst krkgS A


prq j ' kCn l s"k"Bh cgq opu dh foo{kk esav ke~çR;; ] prq j ~v ke~bl fLFkfr esaprq j ~' kCn è; ku ns a % u rksßLoa kUr v kcUr ; ku| Ur gS Av r%ßLou| ki ksuq V~bl l w =kl suq V~dkv kxe v l EHko gS Av r% v xyk l w =kço`Ùk gksrk gS & S

15-13 & "kV~ pr q H; Z ' pA7-1-55AA lw =kkFkZ& "kV~l a Kd rFkk prq j ' kCn l si jsv ke~dksuq V~dk v kxe gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =kl sv ke~dksuq V~dkv kxe gksrkgS Av r%; g fof/ l w =kgS A"kV~ prq H; Z % p ; snksi n gSbl l w =kesa Av kfe l oZ ukEu%l q V~bl l w =kl svkfe bl l IrE; Ur dkfoHkfÙkQfoi fj.kke osQ}kjk"k"BÔUr v ke%; g i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS AßLou| ki ksuq V~bl l w =kl suq V~i n dhv uq o`fÙkgksrh gS A"kV~ prq H; Z %i a pehcgq opukUr i n gS Ap v O;; i n gS Av ke%"k"BÔUr i n gS Auq V~çFkekUr i n gS A "kV~p pRokj' p brjsrj ; ksx }U} "kV~ pRokj%rsH; %"kV~ prq H; % Zl w =kdkLi "VkFkZgksrkgS A"kV~l a Kd v kjS prq j ' kCn l si j esafo| eku v ke~dksuq V~dkv kxe gksrkgS Auq V~ d kVdkj gyUR;e~osQ}kjkbRl a Kd gS Amdkj dhmi ns'ks¿t uq ukfl d br~bl l w =k l sbRl a KkA; g v kxe fVr~gSv r%v k| UrkSVfdrkSbl lw =k l sv ke~dk v k| v o; o gksrk gS Av r%uq V~djusi j v uq cU/ yksi] prq j ~uv ke~bl fLFkfr esa v xykl w =kço`ÙkgksrkgS A

15-14& j "kkH; ke~uks. k%l ekui nsAA8-4-1 lw =kkFkZ& jsiQv kS j "kdkj l si j esafo| eku udkj dks.kdkj gksrk gS A, di n esa A lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =k l sudkj osQLFkku i j .kdkj gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =kl sudkj osQLFkku i j .kdkj v kns'kgksrkgS Av r%; g fof/ l w =kgS A bl l w =kesaj"kkH; ke~u%.k%l ekui ns; spkj i n gS Aj"kkH; ke~i a pehdkf}opukUr i n gS Au%"k"Bh dk, dopu gS A.k%çFkekUr i n gS Al ekui nsl Irehdk, dopu gS Aj' p "k' p bl foxzg esabrjsrj ; ksx }U} l ekl j"kkSrkH; ke~j"kkH; ke~ Al ekuap rRine~bl foxzg esadeZ / kj; l ekl l ekui ne~ rfLeu~l ekui nsAl w =kkFkZl Ei Uu gksrkgS Al ekui n esafo| eku jsiQv kS j "kdkj l si j esafo| eku udkj dks.kdkj gksrk gS A fo' ks"k & bl l w =kesal eku i n osQ}kjkv • .Mi n ghLohÑr gS Av r%v fXuuZ ; fr prq uZ ofr bR;kfn esajsiQl si j esafLFkr udkj dks.kdkj ughagksrk gS A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & prq j ~uv ke~bl fLFkfr esa A; g l eku i n gS Av r%çLrq r lw =k l sjsiQl s i j es afo| eku udkj dks.kdkj djusi j prq j ~.kvke~curkgS A; gkav pksjgkH; ke~}sbl l = wkl s.kdkj dksfodYi l sf}Ro djusi j prq . .kkZ e~ ] nw l jsi {k esaprq . kkZ e~; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A


87


gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i prq j ' kCn l sl IrehosQcgq opu dhfoo{kk esal q i ~çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] prq j ~l qcu x; kA l dkj : i • j~çR;kgkj i jsjgrs• jol ku; ksfoZ ltZ uh; %l w =kl sjsiQosQLFkku i j fol xZçkIr gS ] rc v xykl w =kço`ÙkgksrkgS A

15-15 & j ks%l q fi A8-3-16AA lw =kkFkZ& # dksgh fol xZgksrk gSl q i ~i jsjgrsA

lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =kl s# osQLFkku i j fol xZv kns'kdkfu; eu fd; kt krkgS Av r%; g fu; e l w =kgS Abl l w =kesajks%l q fi ; snksi n gS A• jol ku; ksfoZ ltZ uh; %l w =kl sfol t Z uh; %; g çFkekUr è; ku nsa % i n v uqofrZ r gksrkgS Ajk% s ; g "k"Bh, dopu gS Al q fi l Irehdk, dopu gS Afol t Z uh; %; g çFkekUr i n gS Av r%l w =k dk l jy v FkZgS & l IrehosQcgq opu l q i ~i jsjgrs# osQghjsiQdksfol xZgksrk gSv U; jsiQdksughaA fopkj & l q i ~çR;; i jsjgrs# osQLFkku i j fol xkZ ns'k• jol ku; ksfoZ ltZ uh; %bl l = wkl sgh fl ¼ gS Afi Q j bl l w =k l si q u%# osQLFkku i j fol xZv kns'k fd; k x; k gS Av r%i w oZ r %fl ¼ fol xZ dki q u%fo/ ku djusl s; g l w =kfu; e cu t k, xkAfu; e l w =kdhi fjHkk"kkgS & fdl hdk; ZosQfl ¼ jgusi j i q u%fo/ ku fd; kt kjgkfof/ fu; e gksrkgS Av r%l q i ~çR;; osQi jsjgrs# l EcfU/r jsiQ dksgh fol xZgksrk gSu fd v U; jsiQdksA; g fu; e bl l w =k l sgksrk gS A prq j ~l qbl v oLFkk esaprq j ~dk jsiQ# l EcfU/r ughagS Av r%bl l w =k l sfu; e fd; st kus osQdkj.k l sjsiQosQLFkku i j fol xZv kns'k ughagksrk gS A prq j ~l qbl v oLFkkesav kns ' kçR;; ; ksa %bl l = wkl sl dkj osQLFkku i j "kdkj : i v kns'kgksrk gS Av r%prq "kZ q; g : i fl ¼ gkst krkgS ArRi' pkr~v pksjgkH; ka}sl = wkl s"kdkj osQLFkku i j fodYi l sf}Ro çkIr gS ArRi' pkr~v xyk l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS A

15-16 & ' kj ks¿fpAA8-4-49AA lw =kkFkZ& v p~i jsjgrs' kj~çR;kgkj osQo.kks±dksf}Ro ughagksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =k l sf}Ro dk fu"ks/ gksrk gS Av r%; g fu"ks/ l w =k gS Abl l = wk esanks i n gS A ' kj%v fp ; g i nPNsn gS AukfnU;kØks'ksi q =kL; bl l w =kl su bl v O;; i n dhv uq o`fÙkgksrh gS Av pksjgkH; ka}sbl l w =k l s}sbl çFkekUr i n dhv uq o`fÙk gksrhgS A' kj%"k"Bhdk , dopu gS A v fp l Irehdk, dopu gS Au v O;; i n gS A}sçFkek f}opukUr i n gS Al w =kkFkZgS & v p~çR;kgkj i jsjgrs' kj~dksf}Ro ughagksrk gS A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & prq j ~"kqbl fLFkfr esa; gkav pksjgkH; ka}sl s"kdkj dksf}Ro çkIr gS Ai jUrq "kdkj : ' kj~l si j esamdkj : i v p~gS Av r%v p~i jsjgrs' kj~"kdkj dk çkIr f}Ro dkbl l w =k l sfu"ks/ gkst krk gS Av r%prq "kZ q; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A L=khfy a x esapr q j ' kCnAA prq j ' kCn dk L=khfya x esaf=kprq j ks%fL=k; kafrl `prl ` bl l w =k l sprl ` v kns'k gksrk gS Aprl ` 88


i kB&15

gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i v l ~bl fLFkfr esaçFke; ks%i w oZ l o.kZl si w oZ l o.kZnh?kZçkIr gSbl scka / dj ½rksfÄl oZ ukeLFkku; ks% bl l = wkl s½dkj dksxq . kçkIr gSml sck/adj vfp j ½r%l = wkl sv t kfn vl ~çR;; i jsjgrs½dkj osQLFkku i j j~v kns'k] prl ~j~v l ~cu x; k l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j prl z%; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS A

gy Ur çd j . k esa fy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i

prl ` $ v l ( ' kl ~ ) bl v oLFkk esa sl oZ uke LFkku l a Kd çR;; i j esaughagS Av r%½rks fÄl oZ ukeLFkku; ks%l sxq . k çkIr ughagS Av r%çFke; ks%çFke; ks%i w oZl o.kZ %l si w oZl o.kZnh?kZçkIr gSml scka / dj v fp j ½r%l w =k l sjsiQv kns'k i w oZ or~çfØ; k dk; Zdjusi j prl z%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS Aprl ` v ke~esav fp j ½r%l sjsiQçkIr jgrk gSml scka / dj uq efpjr`Ton~ Hkkoxq . ksH; ksuq V~ iw oZ foçfr"ks/su bl okfrZ d l sßLou| ki ksuq V~bl l w =kl suq V~v kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] prl ùke~cu x; kA è; ku ns a % ukfe l snh?kZçkIr gksrk gS Aml dk u frl `prl ` l w =k l sfu"ks/ gksrk gS ArRi' pkr~½o.kkZ UuL; .kRoa okP; e~bl okfrZ d l sudkj dks.kdkj djusi j prl `. kke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

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89


gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i fd e~' kCnAA fde~' kCn l okZ fnx.kesai fBr gS Av r%l okZ nhfu l oZ ukekfu l sbl dhl oZ uke l a KkgksrhgS A fde~' kCn osQrhuka sfya xksaesa: i fn• kbZnsrsgS A a

iq fYy a x esafd e~' kCn&

15-17 & fd e%d % A7-2-103 è; ku nsa %

lw =kkFkZ& fde~osQLFkku i j d v kns'k gksrk gSfoHkfÙkQi j esagksrksA d%; g v dkjkUr v kns'k gS Av r%; g v kns'k v usd ky~gS Aft l dkj.k l sv usd kfY' kRl oZ L; bl l w =k l sl Ei w . kZfde~osQLFkku i j ; g v kns'k gksrk gS AbDdhl foHkfÙkQ ; ksaosQi jsjgrsfde~osQ LFkku i j d v kns'kgksrkgS Ad os QvnUr gksusos Qdkj.kl s%i fqYya x es A al oZ' kCn osQrjg : i cursgS A a ckè; ck/ d Hkko & gYÄ~ ; kCH; ksnh?kkZ r ~l q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~l w =k dk ; g ck/ d l w =k gS A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & fde~' kCn l si q fYya x esaçFkekosQ, dopu dhfoo{kkesal q çR;; v uq cU/ yksi] fde~l ~bl v oLFkkesagYÄ~ ; kCH; ksbl l w =kl sv i `ÙkQl a Kd l dkj dkyksi çkIr gksrkgS Aml s cka / dj çLrq r lw =k l sl Ei w . kZfde~osQLFkku i j d v kns'k] d l ~cu x; kAl dkj dks#Ro fol xZ djusi j d%; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A v U; : i i q fYya x esal oZ ' kCn osQrjg gksrsgS A a

L=khfy a x esafd e~' kCn osQ: i & L=khfya x esafde~' kCn l s foHkfÙkQi j esajgrsfde~osQLFkku i j d ; g v dkjkUr v kns'kgksrk gS Av r%d ; g v dkjkUr l Ei Uu gkst krk gS ArRi' pkr~L=khRo dh foo{kk esav t k| r"Vki ~l sVki ~ çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi d v kcu x; kAv d%l o.kZ snh?kZ %l sl o.kZ nh?kZdjusi j dk: i fl ¼ gkst krk gS Adk' kCn dk Hkhl okZ ' kCn osQghrjg : i gksrsgS Av r%l okZ' kCn dhfl f¼ osQfy, ft u l w a =kksa dhv ko' ; drk gksrhgS Aosl Hkhl w =k ; gkav ko' ; d gS Av r%fu"d"kZ: i esa; g çkIr gksrk gSfd] fde~' kCn osQL=khfya x esal okZ ' kCn osQrjg : i gksrsgS A a

L=khfy a x esafd e~' kCn osQ: i A

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i kB&15

gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i ui q a l d fy a x esafd e~' kCn& ui q l d fya a x esafde~' kCn l sçFkek osQ, dopu dh foo{kk esal qçR;; ] fde~l qgksx; kA LoeksuZ iq l dkr~l sl qdk yq a d ~djusi j fde~: i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A; gkayq d ~gksusi j çR;; y{k.k dksekudj fde~osQLFkku i j d v kns'kughagkrskgS AD; ksa fd u yq erk¿Ä~ a xL; l sfu"ks/ gkst krkgS A rRi' pkr~v kSv kfn foHkfÙkQ ; ksaesafde%d%l sdkns'kdjusi j l Hkh: i l oZ' kCn osQl eku pyrsgS A a


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i kBxr i z'u&4 22- prq j %esav kekxe D; ksaughagq v k\ 23- uq Mkxe djusokysnksl w =k fy• ks\ 24- prq j ~u v ke~esa.kRo D; ksaughagksrk gS \ 25- prq j ~l qjsiQdksfol xZD; ksaughagksrk gS \ 26- jks%l fqi esal q i ~çR;; gS; k çR;kgkj\ 27- ' kjks¿fp l sD; k fu"ks/ gksrk gS \ 28- fde~l ~bl fLFkfr esadkS u&l k l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS \ 29- d v kns'k fdl osQLFkku i j gksrk gS \

i kB l kj gyUr ' kCnksal sv t kfn çR;; i jsjgrsdk; ZughagksrsgS AosQ a oy gykfn foHkfÙkQ ; ksaesal qH; ke~ ] fHkl ~H; l ~l iq~esaghv f/ d dk; ZgksrsgS Adgha a &dghaHkl a KkosQLFky i j Hkhfof' k"V dk; ZgksrsgS A a fyg~' kCn osQgdkj dks>y~v kS j i nkUr esa< v kns'k gksrk gS AHkdkjkfn çR;; ksaesagdkj osQ LFkku i j ykat ' kks¿Ursl st ' Ro] xdkj] l q çR;; esaosQ oy xdkj dksfodYi l spRoZdjusi j nks: i fl ¼ gkst krsgS A a


91

i kB&15



fo' ookg~' kCn l sl oZ ukeLFkku l a Kd çR;; i jsjgrsfyg~' kCn osQl eku : i pyrk gS A Hkl a Kd çR;; LFkyka sesal Eçl kj.k l a Kk dk Kku gksrk gS ArRi' pkr~ÅB~; g l Eçl kj.k l a Kd dk; Z gksrk gS AÅB~i jsjgrs, rs/R;w B~ l ql so`f¼ gksrh gS A

è; ku nsa %

prq j ~' kCn l sl oZ ukeLFkku l a Kd t l ~çR;; i jsjgrsv ke~v kxe gksrk gS ] prq j uMq gksjkeq nkÙk% lw =kl s] ' kl ~çR; esarksughagksrkgS Av ke~çR;; esarks"kV~ prq H; Z ' p l suq V~dkv kxe] j"kkH; kauks.k% l ekui nsl s.kdkj vkns'kAml .kdkjkns'kdkHkhv pksjgkH; ka}sl sfodYi l sf}Ro prq . .kke Z~prq . kke Z~ ; snks: i cursga Al q S i ~çR;; esarksf}Ro dk fu"ks/ ' kjks¿fp l w =k l sfu"ks/ gksrk gS A

v uMq g~' kCn l sl oZ ukLFkku l a Kd çR;; i jsjgrsv ke~dk v kxe gksrk gS Al Ecq f¼ l sfHkUu l qos Qi jsjgrsuq e~dkv kxe gkrskgS Al Ecq f¼l K ad l q çR;; i jsjgrsv e~dkvkxe HkhgksrkgS Ai nkUr esav uMq g~' kCn osQgdkj osQLFkku i j ndkj v kns'kgksrkgS Al q fno~esaodkj l sl q çR;; i jsjgrsfno v kS r ~l sv kSv kns'kgksrkgS Av U; LFkyksaesagykfn çR;; osQi j esajgrsfno mr~l w =kl smdkj v kns'k gksrkgS A

fde~' kCn l sfoHkfÙkQi j esajgusi j d ; g l okZ ns'kgksrkgS Abl osQHkh: i l oZ ' kCn osQrjg pyrsgS A a

; ksX; r k o/ Z u& bl i kB esaos' kCn fn; sx; sgS aft uosQ: i uhpsfn; sx; sgS A' kCn : i ksaosQd.BLFkhdj.kosQ a fy, ; g Hkkx Nk=kksaosQmi dkj osQfy, gksa xs&

1& fy g~' kCn osQ: i &

92

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i kB&15

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, d opu

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è; ku nsa %

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93


è; ku nsa %

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i kBkUr i z'u 1-

fyg~' kCn osQl Ireh cgq opu esafdrus: i gksrsgS \ lw a =kkYys• i w oZ d fl f¼ djks\

2-

nkns/kZ r ks?kZ %l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

3-

, dkpksc' kksHk"k~>"kUrL; Lèoks%l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks]

4-

fo' okS g%bl : i dh fl f¼ djks\

5-

l Eçl kj.k l a Kk djusokyk l w =k rFkk ml dk i Q y fy• ks\

6-

fno v kS r ~l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

7-

fuR;fof/ dkS u&l h gS \

8-

ol q l za lq èoa LouMq gkan%bl l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

9-

v uM~ oku~: i dh fl f¼ djks\

10-

v uMg q~' kCn osQl Ecks/u osQ, dopu dh : i fl f¼ djks\

11-

fno mr~l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\

12-

l |qkS %: i fl ¼ djks\

13-

prq j ' kCn l sv ke~foHkfÙkQesafdrus: i gksrsga \ lw S =k mYys• djosQfl ¼ djks\

14-

prq j ~l qesajsiQdksfol xZD; ksaughagksrk gS Abl dk dkj.k Li "V djks\


è; ku nsa %


gYÄ~ ; kCH; ksl w =k l s

2-

nks: i gksrsga AfyV~ S Rl q ] fyV~ lq A

3-

nq g~/ krqndkjkfn gS Av r%gks"kUr osQc' k~dksHk"k~gksrk gS A

6-

pkj çR;kgkjksadk& v p~c' k~Hk"k~>"k~ A

mÙkj &2 7-

bX; .k%l Eçl kj.ke~l sA; .k~osQLFkku i j ç; q T; eku bd~l Eçl kj.k l a Kd gksrk gS A

8-

l Eçl kj.kkPp l si w oZ : i , dkns'kA


95


gy Ur çd j . k esafy g~nq g~bR;kfn ' kCn : i 9-

iw oZ : i gksrk gS Al Eçl kj.kkPp osQçkcY; l s

10- t l ~esafo' ookg% ] ' kl ~esafo' okS g% A 11- Hkl a Kd okg~dksl Eçl kj.k ÅB~v kns'k gksrk gS A 12- , R;s/R;w B~ l ql so`f¼ gksrh gS A mÙkj &3 13- l qçR;; osQi jsjgrsv uMq g~' kCn osQv fUre v p~l si j esauq e~v kxe gksrk gS A

è; ku nsa %

14- ol q l zlq ?oa LouMq gkan%l sndkj gksrk gS A 15- l qi jsjgrsfno~dksv kS d kj djusokyk ; g l w =k gS Al q | kS %bl dk mnkgj.k gS A 16- rdkj ; gkaosQ py mPpkj.k osQfy, gS A 17- v Ä~ xL; dk v f/ dkj gS A 18- fno v kS r ~bl fuR; fof/ l sgYÄ~ ; kCH; ksdk ck/ gksrk gS A 19- fno~dk mdkj v Urkns'k gksrk gS A 20- v yks¿UR;L; i fjHkk"kk osQ}kjk v fUre odkj dksgksrk gS A 21- Lokfn"ol oZ ukeLFkkusA 22-

prq j v l ~esa' kl ~l oZ ukeLFkku l a Kd ughagSv r%prq j uMq gksjkeq nkÙk%l sv ke~v kxe ugha gkrsk gS A

23- ßLou| ki ksuq V~"kV~ prq H; Z 'p 24- j"kkH; ke~uks.k%l ekui ns 25- ' kjks¿fp l sfu"ks/ gkst kusosQdkj.kA 26- l q i ~; gkaçR;; gS A 27- v pksjgkH; ka}sl sçkIr f}Ro dk fu"ks/ djrk gS A 28- fde%d%l w =k ço`Ùk gksrk gS A 29- v usd kfY' kRl oZ L; i fjHkk"kk osQ}kjk l okZ ns'k d gksrk gS A 30-

96

fde~' kCn l si q fYya x esat l ~çR;; ] çfØ; kdk; ]Zd vl ~cu x; kAt l %' khl st l ~osQLFkku i j ' kh v kns'k djusi j osQ: i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A


gy Ur çd j . k esabne~j kt u~bR;kfn ' kCnka sosQ: i

16

gy Ur çd j . k esabne~j kt u~ bR;kfn ' kCnka sosQ: i

i kB&16 gy Ur çd j . k esa bne~j kt u~bR;kfn ' kCnka sosQ: i

è; ku nsa %

iw oZi kB esafyg~vkfn l kr ' kCnksadkfoospu fd; kx; kgS Av c bl i kB esabne~bl edkjkUr rFkkjkt u~ ] e?kou~ ] ;q ou~ ] i fFku~i a pu~v "Vu~bu i ka p udkjkUr ' kCnksaosQ: i ksadkfopkj fd; kx; k gS Abl i kB esaoq Q y l kr ' kCn gS Abu ' kCnksaosQft rus: i gksrsga a Amudh fl f¼ osQfy, bDdhl S lq =kksadh mi LFkki uk dhx; h gS Av U; xzUFkka sdk l E; d~: i l sv kykspu djosQl jy ' kS y h l sl w =kksa dhO;k[ ; kdhx; hgS Av r%bl i kB osQv è; ; u l sl w =kksadkl kekU; Kku] mnkgj.kksaesal w =kkFkZoS Q ls ?kVsxk\ ; sl Hkh fo"k; cq f¼ esafpjLFkk; h gkst k, a xsA

mís'; bl i kB dksi fy bl l w =kl sudkj dksrdkj : i >y~i jsjgrsv uq Lokj] v uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZ % bl l w =k l sv uq Lokj dksi j l o.kZudkj djusi j egkUrkS; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A egr~' kCn l st l ~çR;; v uq cU/ yksi egr~v l ~cu x; kAl oZ ukeLFkkuspk¿l Ecq ¼kSbl l w =k l suq e~v kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] l kUr egr%l a ; ksxL; bl l w =kl smi/ knh?kZ ] udkj dksv uq Lokj] i jl o.kZ djusi j egkUrl ~cu x; k l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j egkUr%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A egr~' kCn l sH; ke~çR;; ] egr~H; ke~cu x; k] >ykat ' kks¿Ursl srdkj dksndkj djusi j egn~ H; ke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

148


gy Ur çd j . k esaegr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i egr~' kCn l sl Ecks/u osQ, dopu esal qçR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] uq e~v kxe] l qçR;; dh , dopual Ecq f¼%bl l w =kl sl Ecq f¼ l a Kk] v r%ml osQi jsjgrsl kUr egr%l a ; ksxL; l w =kdhçkfIr ughagksrh gS A v r%egu~r~l ~cu x; kA gYÄ~ ; pkCH; ksnh?kkZ Rl q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~l sl dkj dk rFkk la ; ksxkUrL; yksi%l srdkj dk yksi djusi j egu~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

i kB&18 gy Ur çd j . k esa egr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksa osQ: i

fo} l ~' kCn fon Kkusbl v nkfnx.ki fBr fon~/ krql s' kr`çR;; ] fons%' krq oZ lq %bl l w =k l s' kròsQLFkku i j ol qv kns'k] djusi j fo}l ~' kCn fu"i Uu gksrkgS Aol qos Qmdkj dhbRla KkgkrshgSv r%; g fo}l ~ ' kCn mfxr~gS A fo}l ~' kCn l sl q çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] fo}l ~l ~bl fLFkfr esafo}l ~' kCn mfxr~gSv r% è; ku ns a % mfxnpkal oZ ukeLFkkus¿/ krks%l suq e~v kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] fo}u~l ~l ~cu x; kAl kUr egr%l a ; ksxL; lw =k l sl kUr l a ; ksx osQudkj dh mi / k odkjkÙ skjorhZv dkj dksnh?kZdjusi j fo}ku~l ~cuusi j gYÄ~ ; kCH; ksnh?kkZ Rl q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~bl l w =kl sl ~dk yksi djusi j l a ; ksxkUrL; yksi%l sl a ; ksxkUr esa fo| eku l dkj dksyksi djusi j fo}ku~; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A fo}l ~' kCn l sv kSçR;; ] uq ekxe] fo}u~l ~v kSbl fLFkfr esa ] l kUr egr%l a ; ksxL; bl l w =k l smi / k nh?kZdjusi j fo}ku~l ~v kScu x; kAu' pki nkUrL; >fy l sudkj dksv uq Lokj djusi j fo}klakS; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A fo}l ~' kCn l st l ~çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] fo}l ~v l ~bl fLFkfr esai w oZ or~uq e~v kxe] mi èk nh?kZ ] udkj dksv uq Lokj fo}ka l ~v l ~cu x; kAl dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j fo}ka l %; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A bl h çdkj l sv e~v kS j v kS V~esaHkh l e>uk pkfg, A fo}l ~' kCn l s' kl ~çR;; v uq cU/ yksi] fo}l ~v l ~bl fLFkfr esav fxze l w =kço`ÙkgksrkgS &

18-2 & ol ks%l Eçl kj . ke~ A6-4-131 lw =kkFkZ& ol qçR;; kUr Hkl a Kd dksl Eçl kj.k gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =k l sl Eçl kj.k gksrk gS Av r%; g fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =k esaol ks% l Eçl kj.ke~; snksi n gS A; gkaol ks%"k"Bhdk, dopu gS Al Eçl kj.ke~çFkekUr fo/ s; cks/d i n gS A HkL; v kS j v Ä~ xL; dkv f/ dkj l e>ukpkfg, Aol ks%; g i n HkL; dkfo' ks"k.kgS Av r%fo' ks"k.k gksusosQdkj.krnUr fof/ osQ}kjk oLoUr Hkl a Kd ; g v FkZçkIr gksrkgS Av Ä~ xL; dh"k"BhLFkkus ; ksxk bl i fjHkk"kk osQçkcY; l sv Ä~ x osQLFkku i j ; g v FkZçkIr djkrk gS Al w =kkFkZgksrk gS& ol q çR;; kUr Hkl a Kd v Ä~ x osQLFkku i j l Eçl kj.k gksrk gS A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & fo}l ~v l ~; g fLFkfr gS A; gkafo}l ~' kCn ol qçR;; kUr gS ArFkk; fp Hke~ l sHkl a Kd gS A; LekRçR;; fof/ Lrnkfn çR;; s¿Ä~ xe~l sv Ä~ xla Kd gS Av r%v fUre ; .k~odkj dks l Eçl kj.k mdkj djusi j fonqv l ~v l ~cu x; kAl Eçl kj.kkPp l smdkj v kS j v dkj osQLFkku i j iw oZ : i , dkns'k] djusi j fonq l ~v l ~cu x; kAv kns'kçR;; ; ks%l sol q çR;; osQv o; o l dkj dks "kdkj djusi j fonq "kl ~cu x; kAl dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusl sfonq "k%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A


149


gy Ur çd j . k esaegr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i fo}l ~H; ke~bl fLFkfr esaol q l zlq èoa LouMq gkan%bl l w =k l sl dkj dksndkj djusi j fo}n~ H; ke~; g : i fl ¼ gkst krk gS A fo}l ~' kCn l sl Ecks/u osQ, dopu esal q çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] fo}l ~l ~cu x; kAmfxnpka l oZ ukeLFkkus¿/ krks%l suq e~v kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] v i `ÙkQ la Kd l dkj dkyksi djusi j fo}u~l ~cu x; kAl a ; ksxkUrL; yksi%l sl a ; ksx osQv Ur esafo| eku l dkj dk yksi djusi j fo}u~; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS A

Hkor ~' kCn v nkfnx.ki fBr nhIR;FkZ d Hkk / krql sHkkrsMZ orqbl v kS . kkfnd l w =k l sMorqçR;; ] v uq cU/ è; ku nsa % yksi] Hkk v or~cu x; kA; gkai j Hkk ; | fi Hkl aKd ughagSfi Qj Hkh MorqçR;; osQfMr~gksusosQ dkj.kl sHkl a Kkjfgr gku ssi j Hkhml osQfVHkkx vkdkj dkyksi gksrkgS Ao.kZl Ees y u djusi j Hkor~ ' kCn fu"i Uu gksrkgS A; fp Hke~bl l w =kl sprq FkZv kS j ia pe v è; k; esafofgr çR;; ksaosQi jsjgrsi w oZ dh Hkl a Kk gksrh gS A; gkaMorqçR;; m.kkfnx.ki fBr gSv kS j m.kkfnçR;; r`r h; v è; k; esai Y; sr~l s, Ro] v nsH; l ~cu x; kA, r bZ n~cgq opusl s, dkj dksbZ d kj rFkk ndkj dksedkj djusi j v eh H; l ~ cu x; k l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j v ehH; %; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v eq "ekr ~& v nl ~' kCn l sÄfl çR;; ] v uq cU/ykis] R;nk| Ro] i j: i Ro] v n vl ~bl fLFkfr esaÄfl Ä~ ; ks%LekfRLeukSbl l w =k l sÄfl osQLFkku i j Lekr~v kns'kA v n Lekr~bl fLFkfr esa a % v nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%l sv dkj dksmdkj rFkk ndkj dksedkj djusi j v eq Lekr~cu x; kA è; ku ns v kns'kçR;; ; ks%l sl dkj dks"kdkj djusi j v eq "ekr~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v eq "; &vnl ~' kCn l sÄl ~çR;; ] vuq cU/ ykis] R;nknhuke%l svRo i j: i ] VkÄfl Äl kfeukRL; k% l sL; v kns'k rFkk mRo eRo] l dkj dks"kdkj djusi j v eq "; ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v eq ; ks%& v nl ~' kCn l sv ksl~çR;; ] R;nk| Ro] i j: i ] v n v ksl~bl fLFkfr esav ksfl p v dkj dks, Ro] v nsv ksl~cu x; kA, pks¿; ok; ko%l sv ksd kj : i v p~i js, dkj osQLFkku i j v ; ~ v kns'kv n; ksl~bl fLFkfr esav nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%l smRo eRo djusi j v eq ; ksl~cu x; kAl dkj dks #Ro fol xZdjusi j v eq ; ks%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v eh"kke~& v nl ~' kCn l sv ke~çR;; ] R;nk| Ro] i j: i ] v n v ke~bl fLFkfr esav kfe l oZ ukEu%l V q~l sv ke~dksl q V~v kxe] v uq cU/ykis] v n l ke~ gksx; kArRi' pkr~cgq opus>Y; sr~bl lw =k l sndkjksÙkjorhZv dkj dks, dkj djusi j v nsl ke~gksx; kArRi' pkr~, r bZ n~cgq opusl s ndkjksÙkjorhZ, dkj dksbZ d kj rFkkndkj dksedkj djusi j v ehl ke~cu x; k] v kns'kçR;; ; ks%l s l dkj dks"kdkj djusi j v eh"kke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v eq f"eu~& v nl ~' kCn l sfÄfoHkfÙkQ ] v uq cU/yksi] R;nknhuke%l sv Ro] i j: i ] Äfl Ä~ ; ks% LekfRLeukSl sfÄ osQLFkku i j fLeu~v kns'k] mRo eRo djusi j rFkkl dkj dks"kRo djusi j v eq f"eu~ ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v eh"kq& v nl ~' kCn l sl q i ~çR;; ] v uq cU/yksi] R;nk| Ro] i j: i ] cgq opus>Y; sr~l s, Ro bZ RoeRo djusi j] rRi' pkr~l dkj dks"kdkj djusi j v eh"kq; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A L=khfy a x esav nl ~' kCnA L=khfya x essv nl ~' kCn l sçFkek osQ, dopu dh foo{kk esai q fYya x osQl eku : i gksrk gS A çFkekosQf}opu dhfoo{kkesav kSçR;; ] v nl ~v kScu x; kAR;nk| Ro] i j: i ] v n v kSgks x; kAL=khRofoo{kkesaVki ~çR;; ] v uq cU/yksi] l o.kZ nh?kZdjusi j v nkv kScu x; kAv kS Ä v ki %l s v kSosQLFkku i j ' khv kns'k] v uq cU/yksi] v nk bZgksx; kAv kn~xq . k%l sxq . kdjusi j v nscu x; k v nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%bl l w =kl s, dkj dksÅdkj] rFkkndkj dksedkj djusi j v ew; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS A v nl ~v l ~bl fLFkfr esaR;nk| Ro] i j: i ] Vki ~ ] l o.kZ nh?kZ ] v nk v l ~cu x; k çFke; ks%


155


è; ku nsa %

gy Ur çd j . k esaegr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i iw oZ l o.kZ %l si w oZ l o.kZ nh?kZdjusi j v nkl ~cu x; kAi w oZ or~v nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%l sndkj dksedkj rFkkv kdkj dksÅdkj djusi j v ew l ~cu x; kl dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j v ew %; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS A v nl ~v e~bl fLFkfr esai o wZ or~çfØ; kdk; Zdjusi j v nkv e~cu x; kv fe i w oZ %l si w oZ :i djusi j v nke~cu x; kArRi' pkr~v nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%l sndkj dksedkj v kS j v kdkj dksÅdkj djusi j v ew e~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v nl ~v l ~bl fLFkfr esaçfØ; k dk; Zdjusi j v nk v l ~cu x; kAçFke; ks%i w oZ l o.kZ %l s iw oZ l o.kZnh?kZdjusi j v nkl ~cu x; kAi w oZ or~ÅRo v kS j eRokrFkkl dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j v ew %; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v nl ~v kbl fLFkfr esai w oZ or~çfØ; kdk; Zdjusi j v nkv kcu x; kAv kfÄ pki %l sv ki ~ dks, dkj djusi j v nsv kcu x; kA, pks¿; ok; ko%l s, dkj osQLFkku i j v ; kns'k v n; kcu x; k iw oZ or~ndkj dksedkj rFkk v dkj dksmdkj djusi j o.kZl Eesy u v eq ; k cu x; kA v nl ~H; ke~bl fLFkfr esaçfØ; k dk; Zdjusi j v nk H; ke~cu x; k i w oZ or~ÅRo v kS j eRo djusi j v ew H; ke~cu x; kA bl h çdkj l sv ew fHk%v ew H; %esaHkh l e>uk pkfg, A v nl ~, bl v oLFkkesaçfØ; k dk; Zdjusi j v nk , cu x; kAl oZ uke l a Kk gksusosQdkj.k l oZ ukEu%L; kî ô ÅLo' p l sL; kV~v kxe v uq cU/ ykis] v kcUr dksßLo djusi j rFkko`f¼jsp l so`f¼ , sd kj djusi j v n L; Sesi w oZ or~mRo v kS j eRo djusi j rFkk l dkj dks"kRo djusi j v eq "; S; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v nl ~v l ~bl fLFkfr esai w oZ or~çfØ; k dk; Zdjusi j v nk v l ~cu x; kA l oZ ukEu% L; kî ô ÅLo' p l sL; kV~v kxe v kjSßLo] v n L; k v l ~cu x; kAv d%l o.kZ snh?kZl sl o.kZnh?kZdjus i j v n L; kl ~cu x; kAi o wZ or~mRo eRo djusi j v eq "; kl ~cu x; krFkkl dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjus i j v eq "; k%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v nl ~v ksl~bl v oLFkk esai w oZ or~çfØ; k dk; Zdjusi j v nk v ksl~cu x; kv kfÄ pki %l s v ki ~osQLFkku i j , dkj] v ; kns'k] v n; ~v ksl~cu x; k] i w oZ or~mRo eRo djusi j v eq ; ksl~cu x; k l dkj dks#Ro fol xZdjusi j v eq ; ks%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v nl ~v ke~bl fLFkfr esai w oZ or~çfØ; k dk; Zdjusi j v nk v ke~cu x; k] v kfe l oZ ukEu% lq V~l sl q V~v kxe] v nk l ke~cu x; k i w oZ or~ÅRo v kS j eRo djusi j rFkk l dkj dks"kdkj djus i j v ew "kke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v nl ~b bl v oLFkkesai w oZ or~çfØ; kdk; Zdjusi j v nkb cu x; kAÄsjkEu| kEuhH; %l sfÄ osQLFkku i j v ke~v kns'k] v nkv ke~cu x; kAl oZ ukEu%L; kî ô ÅLo' p l sv ke~dkL; kV~v kxe v kS j ßLo] v n L; k v ke~cu x; k l o.kZnh?kZdjusi j rFkk i w oZ or~mRo eRo djusi j] v kS j l dkj dks "kRo djusi j v eq "; ke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v nl ~l qesai w oZ or~çfØ; kdk; Zdjusi j v nkl qcu x; k i w oZ or~ÅRo eRo djusi j v ewl q cu x; k] v kns'k çR;; ; ks%bl l w =k l sl dkj dks"kdkj djusi j v ew "kq; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

156


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ui q a l d fy a x esav nl ~' kCn & v nl ~l qbl fLFkfr esaLoeksuZ iq l dkr~bl l w a =k l sl q çR;; dkyksi] i nkUr esafo| eku l dkj dk #Ro fol xZdjusi j v n%; g : i fl ¼ gkrsk gS Av nl ~v kSbl fLFkfr esaui q l dkPp l sv kSosQ a LFkku i j ' khv kns'k] v uq cU/yksi] v nl ~bZcu x; kAR;k| Ro] v rksxq . ksl si j: i djusv n bZcu x; kv kn~xq . k%l sxq . kdjusi j v nscu x; kv nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%bl l w =kl sÅRo eRo djusi j v ew ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A v nl ~v l ~bl fLFkfr esat ' ' kl ks%f' k%bl l w =kl st l ~osQLFkku i j f' kv kns'k] v uq cU/yksi] v nl ~b~cu x; kAR;nk| Ro] i j: i ] v n b cu x; k ui q l dL; >yp%l suq a e~v kxe v n u~b cu x; kAl oZ ukeLFkkuspkl Ecq ¼kSl smi / k nh?kZdjusi jj v nkfu ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A f}rh; k foHkfÙkQesaHkhbl h rjg : i gksrsgS Av U;=k i q a fYya x v nl ~' kCn osQl eku : i gksrs gS a; g l e>uk pkfg, A

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10- v nl v kSl q y ksi' p bl l w =k l sfdrusdk; ZgksrsgS \ a 11- v nl v kSl q y ksi' p ; g l w =k fdl dk v i okn gS \


157


gy Ur çd j . k esaegr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i 12- v nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%bl l w =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 13- , r bZ n~cgq opusbl l w =k l sD; k gksrk gS \ 14- u equsbl

lw =k dk v FkZfy• ks\

15- v nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%bl dk v i okn l w =k dkS u&l k gS \

nnr ~' kCn tq gksR;kfnx.k esai fBr nk/ krql syV~ydkj] ml osQLFkku i j ' kr` çR;; ] ' ki ~çR;; ] tq gksR;kfnH; %' yq %l w =kl s' yq ] ' ykSbl f}Ro fo/ k; d l w =k l snk/ krqdksf}Ro gksrkgS Av r%nknk okZ s¿H; kl %l si w oZnk dh v H; kl l a Kk] ßLo%l sv H; kl dksßLo] ' ukH; Lr; ksjkr% è; ku nsa % v r~cu x; k i w bl l w =k l snnk osQv kdkj dk yksi gksusi j nn~v r~cu x; kAo.kZ l Eesy u djusi j nnr~; g ' kCn fu"i Uu gksrkgS AoLrq r %; g çfØ; kv ki frÄUrçdj.kdkst ku l drsgS A; gkarksçl Ä~ a xo' kmYys• ek=k fd; kx; k gS Arhuka sfya xksaesannr~' kCn dk ç; ksx gksrkgS Ai jUrqi q S fYya x ui q l dfya a x esauq ekxe osQfo"k; esaoq Q N fo' ks"k fn• kbZnsrh gS A

iq fYy a x esnnr ~' kCn nnr~' kCn l sl q çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] nnr~l ~; g fLFkfr cu x; hA; g nnr~' kCn ' kr`çR;; kUr gSv r%mfxr~gS Abl dkj.kl smfxnpkal oZ ukeLFkkus¿/ krks%bl l w =kl suq e~v kxe çkIr gSrksv fxze lw =kço`ÙkgksrkgS A

18-8 & mHksv H; Lr e~ A6-1-5A lw =kkFkZ& "k"Bkè; k; osQf}Ro çdj.k esat ksf}Ro gq v k gS Aosnksuka sv H; Lr l a Kd gksrsgS A a lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =k l sv H; Lr l a KkgksrhgS Av r%; g l a Kk l w =k gS Abl l w =kesanksi n gS& mHksçFkekdkf}opukUr i n gS Av H; Lre~çFkekdk, dopu gS A}smHksv H; Lre~; g v Uo; gS Af}Ro fo/ k; d l w =kv "Vkè; k; hosQnksv è; k; ksaesafn• rsgS arFkk"k"Bkè; k; osQçFke i kn esaçFke lw =kl sckjgosal w =krd oq Q Nl w =krFkkv "Vekè; k; osQçFkei kn esai gysl w =kl si Uægosal w =krd oq Q N lw =k gS Abl l w =k esat ksf}Ro fo/ ku fd; k x; k gS Aog "k"Bkè; k; LFk l w =kksaosQfo"k; esa Afu; e gS a v uUrjL; fof/ okZHkofr çfr"ks/ksokAbl dkrkRi; ZgSfd fudVLFkksadhfof/ v kS j çfr"ks/ gksrsgS A a u fd nw j LFkdksAmHksv H; Lre~; g l w =k"k"Bkè; k; esai yUr gSv r% ui q l dL; >yp%l srq a nr~osQv fUre v p~l si j esauq e~v kxe djusi j rFkkv uq cU/ yksi djusi j rq nfUr ; g : i fl ¼ gkrsk gS A

i pr ~' kCn & i kdkFkZ d i p~/ krql syV~ ] yV~osQLFkku i j ' kr` çR;; ] ' ki ~fodj.k] çfØ; kdk; Z ] i p~v v r~cu x; kA; gkai p v a ' k ; LekRçR;; fof/ Lrnkfn çR;; s¿Ä~ xe~l sv Ä~ xla Kd gS Arc v rksxq . ks l si p v r~esai j : i , dkns'k djusi j i pr~; g ' kCn fu"i Uu gksrk gS A 160


gy Ur çd j . k esaegr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i i pr~' kCn l sui q l dfya a x esal q çR;; ] v uq cU/ yksi] nnr~' kCn osQl eku : i cusa xsA i pr~vkSbl fLFkfr esaui a lqdkPp bl l w =kl sv kSçR;; osQLFkku i j ' khvkns ' k] v uq cU/ ykis] i pr~bZcu x; kAbl fLFkfr esav fxze l w =k çofrZ r gksrk gS A


18-12 ' kI' ; uksfuZ R;e~ A7-1-81 lw =kkFkZ& ' ki ~' ; u~osQv dkj l si j esat ks' kr`çR;; dkv o; o v r~rnUr dksfuR; l suq e~ v kxe gksrk gS A' khv kS S j unhi j esajgrsA lw =k O;k[ ; k & bl l w =k l suq e~v kxe gkrsk gS Av r%; g fof/ l w =kgS Abl l w =k esanksi n gS A ' kI' ; uks%"k"Bhdk f}opukUr i n gS AfuR;e~çFkek dk , dopu gS Av kPNhu| ksuZ e~bl l w q =k l sv kr~ è; ku nsa % ;gip aE; Ur i n] uq e~; g çFkekUr i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS AukH; LrkPNrq S %bl l w =kl s' krq %; g "k"BÔUr i n v uq ofrZ r gksrkgS Av Ä~ xL; ; g "k"BÔUr l = wkv f/ Ñr gS A' kI' ; uks%v kr~' krq %fuR;auq e~' khu| ks% ; g v Uo; gS Al w =kdkl jy v FkZgksrkgS & ' ki ~v kS j ' ; u~dkt ksv dkj ml l si j esa' kr` çR;; dk v o; o rnUr ' kCn l s' kh v kS j unh i jsjgrsfuR; l suq e~v kxe gksrk gS A Hokfnx.krFkkpq j kfnx.kesa' ki ~fodj.k] rFkkfnokfn esa' ; u~fodj.kgksrkgS Av fr%Hokfn] pq j kfn rFkkfnokfn x.ki fBr / krq v ksal sfofgr t ks' kr`çR;; rnUr dksçLrq r lw =kl sfuR; l suq ekxe gksrkgS A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & i pr~bZbl fLFkfr esav UrkfnoPp bl i fjHkk"kk osQ}kjk i p v Ä~ xl a Kd gS Aml l si j esar~' kr`çR;; dkv o; o gS ArnUr ' kCn gSi pr~ml l si j esa' khçR;; gS Av r%çLrq r l= wkl sfuR; l suq e~vkxe v uq cU/ yksi] i p u~r~bZcu x; kudkj dksu' pki nkUrL; >fy l svuq Lokj rFkk v uq LokjL; ; f; i jl o.kZl si jl o.kZudkj djusi j i pUrh ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A i pr~t l ~bl fLFkfr esat ' ' kl ks%f' k%bl l w =kl st l ~osQLFkku i j f' kv kns'kgksrkgS Av r% i pr~b ; g fLFkfr l Ei Uu gq bZ Af' kv kns'kdhf' kl oZ ukeLFkkue~l sl oZ ukeLFkku l a KkgksrhgS Ai pr~ ' kCn >yUr HkhgS Av r%ui q l dL; >yp%l suq a e~v kxe v uq cU/ yksi] udkj dksv uq Lokj i jl o.kZ djusi j i pfUr ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A bl h çdkj nhO;r~' kCn dksHkh t kuuk pkfg, &

i kBxr i z'u&3 16- v H; Lr l a Kk djusokyk l w =k dkS u&l k gS \ 17- ok ui q l dL; bl l w a =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 18- v kPNhu| ksuZ e~bl l w q =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 19- ' kI' ; uksfuZ R;e~bl l w =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 20- v H; Lr l si j esa' kr` çR;; ] rnUr ui q l dfya a x dksuq e~v kxe fdl l sgksrk gS \ S 21- rq nUrh v kS j rq nrh ; snks: i gksusosQD; k dkj.k gS \


161


gy Ur çd j . k esaegr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i 22- i pfUr esauq ekxe fdl l w =k l sgksrk gS \ 23- i pUrh esauq ekxe fdl l w =k l sgksrk gS \ 24- mHksv H; Lre~bl l w =k dk v FkZfy• ks\ 25- rq nr~' kCn osQçFkek , dopu esafdrus: i gksrsgS \ dkS a u&dkS u l s\

i kB l kj egr~' kCn mfxr~gS Av r%l oZ ukeLFkku l a Kd çR;; i jsjgrsmfxnpkal oZ ukeLFkkus¿/ krks%bl =k l suq e~v kxe gksrk gS ] ysfdu mu çR;; ksaosQi jsjgrsmi / k dksnh?kZl kUr egr%l a ; kxsL; bl è; ku nsa % lw lw =kl sgksrkgS Al Ecks/u os Q, dopu esal q çR;; dhl Ecq f¼ l K akgksrhgS Av r%mi / knh?kZdjusokyk lw =kogkaço`ÙkughagksrkgS Av U;=kH; ke~v kfn çR;; ksaesa>ykat ' kks¿Ursl srdkj dksndkj gksrkgS A lq i ~çR;; i jsjgrsndkj dks• fj p bl l w =k l spRoZrdkj djusi j i q u%rdkj gh gksrk gS A fo}l ~' kCn ol qçR;; kUr gS Abl dkj.k l sol q çR;; kUr Hkl a Kd v Ä~ xla Kd osQLFkku i j l Eçl kj.k gksrk gS A; g fo' ks"k gS A Hkor~' kCn nksçdkj dk gS& i gyk Hkk / krql sMorqçR;; djusl sfu"i Uu gksrk gS Anw l jk Hkw / krql s' kr`çR;; osQ; ksx l sfu"i Uu gq v kgS Ai gysHkor~' kCn esav Rol UrL; pk/ krks%l smi / knh?kZ gksrk gS ArFkk nw l jsHkor~' kCn esanh?kZughagksrk gS A nw j v FkZdk cks/ djkrk gSv nl ~' kCnAml l sl q çR;; i jsjgrsv kS d kj : i v Urkns'k rFkk lq çR;; dkyksi ; snksdk; Zv nl v kSl q y ksi' p djrkgS Av kSçR;; es arksçfØ; kdk; Zdjusi j v nkS cuusi j v nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%l sv kS d kj osQLFkku i j Ådkj v kS j ndkj dksedkj gksrkgS A; snksdk; Z gksrkgS Acgq opu esat l ~osQLFkku i j ' khv kns'k] çfØ; kdk; Zdjusi j v nscu x; kA, dkj osQLFkku i j bZ d kj rFkk ndkj dksedkj , r bZ n~ cgq opus; g l w =kAr`r h; k osQ, dopu esav nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse% bl l w =k l sfofgr eq Hkko i w oZ =kkfl ¼e~bl l w =k osQçkcY; l sv kÄksuk¿fL=k; ke~bl l w =k dhn`f"V esa v fl ¼ gS Ai jUrqml dk fu"ks/ u equsbl l w =k l sgksrk gS A ml osQckn esa' kr`çR;; kUr rhu ' kCnksadkfopkj fd; kx; kAi gysv H; Lr l a Kk osQfo"k; esa i fjp; fd; k x; k gS ArRi' pkr~i q fYya x esannr~' kCn dksçkIr uq ekxe dk ukH; LrkPNrq %l sfu"ks/ gq v kgS Aui q l dfya a x esat l ~çR;; osQLFkku i j f' kv kns'ki jsjgrsui q l dL; >yp%l sçkIr uq a ekxe ukH; LrkPNrq %bl l w =k l sfu"ks/ gksrk gS Ai jUrqok ui q l dL; bl l w a =k l sv H; Lr l si j esafo| eku t ks' kr`çR;; rnUr ui q l dfya a x dksl oZ ukeLFkku i jsjgrsfodYi l suq ekxe gksrk gS Av r%t l ~esa nnfUr nnfr ; snks: i cursgS A a ' khv kS j unhi j jgrsrksv o.kkZ Ur v a x l si j esat ks' kr`çR;; ml dk v o; o t kso.kZrnUr dksv kPNhu| ksuq e Z~l sfodYi l suq ekxe gkrskgS Avr%vkSosQLFkku i j gq , ' khv kns'ki jsjgrsfodYi l suq e~v kxe djusi j rq nUrh rq nrh ; snks: i fl ¼ gksrk gS Ai jUrqml ' kh v kS j unh i jsjgrs' ki ~ v kS j ' ; u~dkt ksv dkj ml l si j esat ks' kr`dkv o; o rnUr ' kCn osQLFkku i j ' kI' ; uksfuZ R;e~bl lw =k l sfuR; l suq e~v kxe gksrk gS A

162


i kB&18

gy Ur çd j . k esaegr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i

; ksX; r ko`f¼ iw oZ r u i kBksaesaprqi Z pu~v "Vu~; sl a a [ ; kokpd ' kCn fopkj esayk; sx; sAbl v a ' kesa"k"k~' kCn dk fopkj fd; k t krk gS A


"kksv UrdeZ f.kbl l w =k l si `"kksnjknhfu ; Fkksifn"Ve~bl l w =kl s"k"k~' kCn fu"i Uu gksrkgS A"k"k~ ' kCn fuR; l scgq opukUr gS Arhuksafya xksaesabl osQl eku : i gkrssgS A a "k"k~' kCn l st l ~v kS j ' kl ~çR;; ksaesav uq cU/ yksi djusl s"k"k~v l ~cu x; k ".kkUrk "kV~l s "k"k~dh"kV~l K ak] rc "kM~ H; ksyq d ~l st l ~v kjS' kl ~dk yq d ~rRi' pkr~>ykat ' kks¿Ursl s"kdkj dks t ' Ro Mdkj djusi j okol kusl sfodYi l spRoZdjusi j "kV~"kM~; snks: i curk gS A "k"k~' kCn l sfHkl ~çR;; rFkk H; l ~çR;; i jsjgrs>ykat ' kks¿Ursl s"kdkj dkst ' Ro Mdkj djusi j "kfM~ Hk%"kM~ H; %: i cursgS A a

è; ku nsa %

"k"k~' kCn l s"k"BhosQcgq opu esav ke~çR;; "k"k~v ke~cu x; k"kV~ prq H; Z ' p l sv ke~dksuq V~ v kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] "k"k~uke~cu x; kLokfn"ol oZ ukeLFkkusl si n l a Kk>ykat ' kks¿Ursl s"kdkj dks t ' Ro Mdkj] çR;; sHkk"kk; kafuR;e~bl okfrZ d l sMdkjo dks.kdkj rFkk"Vu qk"V% ql sudkj dks.kdkj djusi j "k..kke~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A "k"k~' kCn l sl Ireh cgq opu dh foo{kk esal q i ~çR;; ] v uq cU/yksi] "k"k~l qbl fLFkfr esa Lokfn"ol oZ ukeLFkkusl s"k"k~dh i nl a Kk] >ykat ' kks¿Urs"kdkj dkst ' Ro Mdkj "kM~l qcu x; k M% fl / q V~l sl dkj dksfodYi l s/ q V~v kxe gksrk gS A; g v kxe fVr~gksusosQdkj.k v k| ko; o gksrk gS Av r%ft l i {k esa/ q V~v kxe gksrk gSml i {k esa/ q V~v kxe] v uq cU/ yksi] "kM~/ ~l qcu x; k • fj p l s/ dkj dkspRoZrdkj] rFkk Mdkj dkspRoZVdkj djusi j "kV~ Rl q; g : i cu x; kAèkq V~ v kxe osQv Hkko i {k esa"kM~l qcu x; kA• fj p l spRoZVdkj djusi j "kV~ l q; gA: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A Nk=kksaosQmi dkj osQfy, bl i kB esav kyksfpr ' kCnksaosQ: i uhpsfn; sx; sga A S 1-

egr ~' kCn osQ: i ( i q fYy a x esa ) foHkfÙkQ

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163


gy Ur çd j . k esaegr ~bR;kfn ' kCnksaosQ: i 2-

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164

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165

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ipr~ 'kCn osQ :i & 1- l kUr egr%l a ; ksxL; bl l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\ 2- v Rol UrL; pk/ krks%bl l w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\ 3- Hkor~' kCn osQfo"k; esafVIi .kh fy• ks\ 4- v nl ks¿l snkZ nqnkse%bl l w =k dh mnkgj.k i w oZ d O;k[ ; k djks\ 5- v nl v kSl q y ksi' p bl l w =k dh mnkgj.k i w oZ d O;k[ ; k djks\ 6- , r bZ n~cgq gopusbl l w =k dh O;k[ ; k fy• ks\ 7- u equsl w =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\ 8- fuEuka fdr : i fl ¼ djks\ egku~ ] fonq "k% ] v l kS ] v ewv eh] v eq uk

9-

nnr~ 'kCn osQ uiqald esa çFkek cgqopu osQ :i fl¼ djks\ 10- rq nr~' kCn osQui q l dfya a x esaçFkek f}opu osQ: i fl ¼ djks\ 11- ' kI' ; uksfuZ R;e~dhO;k[ ; k djks\ 12- ok ui q l dL; l w a =k dh O;k[ ; k djks\ 13- v kPNhu| ku sZ e~bl l w q =k dhO;k[ ; k djks\

166




l dkjkUr l a ; ksx rFkkegr~dkt ksudkj ml osQmi / kdksnh?kZgksrkgS Av l Ecq f¼ l oZ ukeLFkku i jsjgrsA

2-

oLoUr Hkl a Kd dksl Eçl kj.k gksrk gS A

3-

egr~' kCn osQl Ecks/u , dopu esami / k nh?kZughagksrk gS AD; ksa fd l Ecks/u osQ, dopu esal qdh, dopual Ecq f¼%l sl Ecq f¼ l a KkgksusosQdkj.kl sl kUr egr%l a ; ksxL; bl l w =k esav l Ecq ¼kSl oZ ukeLFkkus; g dFku gksusosQdkj.k l sA

4-

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5-

fonq "k%bl dk mnkgj.k gS A

6-

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7-

v Rol UrL; pk/ krks%bl l w =k l sA

8-

erq i ~orq i ~MorqbR;kfn çR;; ksadk xzg.k gksrk gS A


è; ku nsa %

mÙkj &2 9-

v nl ~dksv kS d kj v Urkns'k gksrk gS Al q i j esajgrsrFkk l qdk yksi Hkh gksrk gS A

10-

nksdk; Zgksrsga Av kS S d kj v Urkns'k rFkk l qdk yksiA

11-

R;nknhuke%bl l w =k dk v i okn gS A

12-

v l kUr v nl ~' kCn osQndkj l si j esamdkj v kS j Ådkj gkrssgS ArFkkndkj dksedkj gksrkgS a A

13-

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14-

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15-

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mÙkj &3 16-

mHksv H; Lre~ A

17-

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18-

v o.kkU Zr v Ä~ x l si j est ks' kr` dk v o; o rnUr ' kCn dksfodYi l suq e~v kxe gksrk gS A ' kh v kjSunh i jsjgrsA

19-

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20-

ok ui q l dL; bl l w a =k l sA

21-

v kPNhu| ku sq e Z~ A


167



ui q l dL; >yp%bl l w a =k l sA

23-

' kI' ; uksfuZ R;e~; g l w =kA

24-

"k"B v è; k; osQf}Ro çdj.kes at ksf}Ro gq v kgS Aosnksuka sl eq fnr : i l svH; Lr l a Kd gkrssga A S

25-

nks: i & rq nn~ ] rq nr~ A

è; ku nsa %

168


ekè;fed d{kk ikB~;Øe laLÑr O;kdj.k (246) iqLrd&3

fo| k/ ual oZ / u i z/ kue~

j k"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky ; h f' k{kk&l a LFkku , &üþ&üÿ] l a LFkkxr {ks=k] l sDVj & öü uks,Mk&üúû ýúù ( mÙkj çns'k)

oscl kbV%www.nios.ac.in

fuew Y; nw Z j Hkk"k& 18001809393

National Institute of Open Schooling A 24-25, Institutional Area, Sector-62 Noida-201309 (U.P.) i

© jk"Vªh; eq Dr fo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku National Institute of Open Schooling

i zFke l a Ldj.k2017

First Edition 2017 ( Copies)

ISBN (Book 1) ISBN (Book 2) ISBN (Book 3)

l fpo] jk"Vªh; eq Dr fo| ky; hf' k{kkl a LFkku] , &24&25] l a LFkkxr {ks=k] l sDVj& 62 uks,Mk& 201 309 ( mÙkj çns'k) }kjki zd kf' krA--------------------------- }kjkeq fnzrA ii

ekè;fed d{kk laLÑr O;kdj.k (246) l y kgd kj l fefr i zks- l j kst ' kekZ v è; {k jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk&l a LFkku uks,Mk] ( mÙkj çns'k) &201309

MkW - j kt ho oq Q ekj fl a g funs'kd ( ' kS f{kd ) jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk&l a LFkku uks,Mk] ( mÙkj çns'k) &201309 i kB~ ; Øe fuekZ . k l fefr

çks- MkW - vdZ ukFk pkS / j h ( l fefr v è; {k) mi &oq Q yi fr Jh l kseukFk l a LÑr fo' ofo| ky; osjkoy &362266 ( xq t jkr)

MkW - fot sUæ&fl a g l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑr foHkkx) t okgjyky usg: fo' ofo| ky; ubZfnYyh

MkW - uhj t oq Q ekj HkkxZ o ( l fefr osQmi kè; {k) l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑrkè; ; u foHkkx) jkeÑ".k fe' ku foosd kuUn fo' ofo| ky; csy M q&eB] gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i - ca xky)

J heku~ey ; &i ksMs l gk; d çkè; ki d ( W.B.E.S.) ( l a LÑr foHkkx) jk.khck¡/ l oZ d kjh; egkfo| ky; LFkkue~ &jk.khck¡/ ] e.Mye~ &ck¡oq Q Mk&722135 ( i - ca xky)

MkW - gfj &j ke&feJ l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑr foHkkx) t okgjyky usg: fo' ofo| ky; ubZfnYyh

J hl q eUr&pkS /q jh l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑr foHkkx) l cal t uhdkUr egkfo| ky; i =kkpkj&yq Vq fu; k] j{kky; & l c e.My&i f' pe esfnuhi q j & 721 166 ( i - ca xky)

Lokeh osnr ÙokuUn çkpk; Z jkeÑ".k eB foosd kuUn osn fo| ky; csy M q eB] e.My gkoM+ k& 711 202 ( i - ca xky)

MkW - j ke&ukj k; . k&eh. kk l gk; d funs'kd ( ' kS f{kd foHkkx) jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku uks,Mk] mÙkj çns'k&201 309 i kB~ ; Øe&l eU o; d MkW - j ke ukj k; . k eh. kk l gk; d funs'kd ( ' kS f{kd foHkkx) jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku uks,Mk] mÙkj çns'k&201 309

iii

i kB~ ; fo"k; l kexzh fufeZ r l fefr la i knd e. My MkW - uhj t oq Q ekj HkkxZ o ( l fefr osQmi kè; {k) l gk; d i zkè; ki d ( l a LÑr v è; ; u foHkkx) jkeÑ".k fe' ku foosd kua n fo' ofo| ky; csy q j eB] gkoM+ k&711202 ( i - ca xky)

Lokeh osnr ÙokuUn i zkpk; Z jkeÑ".k eB foosd kua n osn fo| ky; csy q j eB] e.My&gkoM+ k 711202 ( i - ca xky)

i kB y s[kd

( i kB%ûù&üÿ) MkW - uhj t oq Q ekj HkkxZ o l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑrkè; ; u foHkkx) jkeÑ".k fe' ku foosd kuUn fo' ofo| ky; csy q M&eB] gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i - ca xky)

( i kB%û&ù) Lokeh osnr ÙokuUn çkpk; Z jkeÑ".k eB foosd kuUn osn fo| ky; csy q M&eB] gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i - ca xky)

( i kB%üö&üù) J heku~j kgq y xkft v uq l U/krk ( l a LÑr foHkkx) ; knoi q j fo' ofo| ky; dfydkrk&700 032 ( i - ca xky)

( i kB%ûú&ûþ) J heku~t ; nsofn. Mk v uq l U/krk ( l a LÑrkè; ; u foHkkx) jkeÑ".k fe' ku foosd kuUn fo' ofo| ky; e.My&gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i -oÄ~ xe~ ) ( i kB%ûÿ&ûø) J heku~l q eUr pkS / jh l gk; d çkè; ki d ( l a LÑr foHkkx) l cal t uhdkUr egkfo| ky; i =kky; & yq Vfqu; k] j{kky; & l ca e.My& i f' pe esfnuhi q j &721 166 ( i - ca xky)

v uq oknd e. My MkW - j ke ukj k; . k eh. kk l gk; d funs'kd ( ' kS f{kd foHkkx) jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku uks,Mk] mÙkj çns'k&201 309

J h v k' kq r ks"k feJ k i z- i z/kukpk; Z ] jk-m-ek- fo| ky; ew l k[ kkM+ ] pUnkS y h] m-i z-

MkW - fot sUnzfl a g l gk; d i zksla LÑr , oamPp f' k{kk l a LFkku] t s-, u-; w - ubZfnYyh

J hi q uhr f=ki kBh ofj"B dk; Z d kjh v f/ dkjh jk"Vªh; eq ÙkQfo| ky; h f' k{kk l a LFkku uks,Mk] mÙkj çns'k&201 309 J hl q Hkk"k fc' uksbZ v uq l /akrk] la LÑr , oamPp f' k{kk l a LFkku] t s-, u-; w - ubZfnYyh

j s• k fp=kkÄ~ d u o eq • i `"B fp=k. k Lokeh gj : i kuUn jkeÑ".k fe' ku] csy q M eB] e.My&gkoM+ k&711 202 ( i - ca xky) iv

v ki l snksckr sa v è; {kh; l Uns'k fç; fo| kFkhZ ] ^Hkkjrh; Kku i jEi jk* bl i kB~ ; Øe osQv è; ; u osQfy, v ki dk gkfnZ d Lokxr gS A Hkkjr v fr i zkphu v kS j v fr fo' kky gS AHkkjr dkoS fnd okÄ~ e; Hkhmrukghi zkphu] i z'ka l uh; v kS j egku gS Al `f"VdrkZHkxoku~ ghHkkjrh; ksaosQl Ei w . kZfo| kv ksaosQi zsjd gS ] , slkfl ¼ka r ' kkL=kksaesai zkIr gksrk gS AHkkjr osQv PNsfo}ku] l kekU; t uekul rFkk v U; Kkuh yksxksadk i zkphu dky esav knku&i znku dk ekè; e l a LÑr Hkk"kk gh Fkh , slk l Hkh dksKkr gS AbrusyEcsdky esa Hkkjr osQbfrgkl esat ks' kkL=k fy[ ksx, ] t ksfpa r u mRiUu gq , ] t ksHkko i zd V gq , osl Hkh l a LÑr Hkk"kk osQHk.Mkj esafuc¼ gS Abl Hk.Mkj dkv kdkj fdruk] Hkko fdrusxa a Hkhj] ew Y; fdrukv f/ d bl dkfu/ kZ j .kdjusesadksbZHkhl eFkZughagS Ai zkphu dky esaHkkjrh; D; k&D; k i yks%fDÄfr l sfDo>yks%( 7@ 2) ] fDÄfr ( 7@ 1) ; snksi n v uq ofrZ r gS Av Ä~ xL; ; g v f/ Ñr gS APN~p o~p~PN~ okSr; ks%PN~ oks%; gkabrjs r j; ksx }U} gS APN~; g rq a d~ $N~ dk cks/d gS A' k~p ÅB~p r; ks%l ekgkj%' kw M~; gkal ekgkj}U} gS Av Ä~ a xL; bl v f/ dkj cy l s çR;; esai n v kf{kIr gkrssgS Av kf{kIrL; ; g çR;; dkfo' ks"k.kgSv uq a ukfl d esa Av r%; fLeu fof/ LrnknkoYxz g.ksbl i fjHkk"kkl srnkfnfof/ esavuq ukfl d v kfn çR;; esa; g v FkZ y kHkgS AfDo' p >y~ p~fDo>ykSr; ks%fDo>yks%; gkabrjsrj; ksx}U} gS A; gka>fy bl v a a ' k l sfDÄfr bl v a ' k osQl kFk l EcU/ gS Arc rnkfnfof/ l s>yknkSfDÄfr ; g v FkZ y kHkgS Av uq ukfl dkfn çR;; osQi jsv FkokDo 128


iw oZ ÑnUr&2 osQi jsv Fkok>ykfn fDÄfr çR;; l si jsPN LFkku esa' k~bR;kns'kgksrkgS Aodkj osQLFkku i j ÅB~ v kns'k gksrk gS; g l w =k dk l Ei w . kkZ FkZgS A mnkgj . k esal w =kkFkZl eUo; & i w okZ sÙkQçdkj l sçkPN~; gkafDoi ~çR;; osQl okZ i gkjyksi gksus i j HkhçR;; y{k.k l sml dk ykHk gksusl sfDoIçR;; osQi jsgksusi j çÑrl w =k l sPN~bl LFkku i j ' kdkjkns'kesaçk' k~gksrkgS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUrRo gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kk esaçFkek, dopu osQl q çR;; esagYÄ~ ; kfn yksi esaoz ' pHkL zt l `t e`t ; t jkt Hkkzt PN' kka"k%l s' kdkj osQ "kdkj esa>ykat ' kks¿Ursl s"kdkj osQMdkj esaokol kusl sfodYi l spRoZVdkj esaçkV~ ] çkM~; snks : i gksrsgS A; g DokSi jr%dk mnkgj.k gS a A foPN~ &/ krql s; t &; kp&; r&foPN&çPN&j{kksuÄ~l suÄ~ çR;; gksrk gS Aog v uq ukfl dkfn çR;; foPN~ / krql si jsHkhgS Av r%PN os QLFkku i j ' kdkjkns'kgksrkgS Abl l sfo' k~u gku ssi j ÑnUrRo gksusl sçkfri fndl a KkesaLokfndk; Zl sfo' u%: i fl ¼ gksrkgS Aç' ukfn ÑnUrksadkl foLrkj çfØ; k mÙkjÑnUr l st kursgS A; g v uq a ukfl dkfn çR;; l si jsdk mnkgj.k gS A

i kB&28 iw oZ ÑnUr&2

è; ku nsa %

çPN~ / krql sdeZesafu"BkÙkQ çR;; esaxzfgT; kfn l w =k l sl Eçl kj.k esal Eçl kj.kkPp l si w oZ :i , dkns ' kesai `PN~r gkrskgS A; gka>ykfnfdRçR;; i jsgS ] v r%çÑrl w =kl sPN~osQLFkku i j ' kdkjkns'k esai `' k~r gksusi j oz'pHkzLt kfn l w =k l s' kdkj osQ"kdkj esa"Vq uk "Vq %l srdkj osQVdkj esai `"V gksrk gS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kk esafo' ks"; fu?u l sl kekU; esaui q l de~bl fu; e l sui q a l d esaorZ a eku gku ssl srr%l kSl ksjfe i w oZ : i esai `"Ve~: i afl ¼ gksrk gS; g >ykfnfdRçR;; l si jsdk mnkgj.k gS A fl o~ &/ krqosQckgq y d l sv kS . kkfnd uçR;; esafl o~u gksrkgS A; gkav uq ukfl dkfn çR;; i js gS Av r%çÑrl w a =k l s/ krqosQodkj osQLFkku i j ÅB~bR;kns'k esa; f.k L; wu gksusi j uçR;; dk v k/ Z / krq d gksusl sl koZ / krq d k/ Z / krq d ; ks%l sÅdkj osQxq . kv ksd kj o.kZ l Eesy u esaL; ksu gksrkgS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kk esaLokfndk; Zl sL; ksu%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

28-12 nkEuh' kl ; q ;q t Lr q rq nfl fl pfegi r n' kug%d j . ksAA( 3-2-182) lw =kkFkZ & bu / krq v ksal sdj.k v FkZesa"Vªu~çR;; gksrk gS & nku~ ] uh] ' kl ~ ] ;q ] ;q t~ ] Lrq ] rq n~ ] fl ] fl p~ ] feÞ] i r~ ] n' k~v kS j uÞA lw =k O; k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k i n} ; kRed gS A bl l w =k l s "VªUçR; ; gksrk gS A nkEuh' kl ; q ;q t Lrq rq nfl fl pfegi rn' kug%( 5@ 1) dj.ks( 7@ 1) ; sl w =kxr i nksaosQfoHkfÙkQfunZ s'k gS A a çR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) ; srhu v f/ Ñr gS Anki ~p uh' p ' kl ' p ; q a 'p ;q t 'p Lr q'p r qn' p fl ' p fl p' p feg' p i r ' p n' k' p ug~ p r s"kka l ekgkj } U} s nkEuh' kl ; q ;q t Lrq rq nfl fl pfegi rn' kug~rLekr~nkEuh' kl ; q ;q t Lrq rq nfl fl pfegi rn' kug% A/ %deZ f.k "Vªu~bl l s"Vªu~( 1@ 1) dh v uq o`fÙk gksrh gS A' kl ~ ] ;q t~ ] rq n~ ] fl p~ ] feg~ ] i r~ ] n' k~budk v dkj mPpkj.kkFkZgS Anki ~$ uh; gkai dkj dht ' Ro cdkj esa; jks¿uq ukfl osQ ¿uq ukfl dksokbl l sv uq ukfl d edkj esankEuh; g funZ s'k gksrk gS AnkIk~ ] uh] ' kl ~ ] ;q ] ;q Tk~ ] Lrq ] rq n~ ] fl ] fl p~ ] feg~ ] i r~ ] n' k~ ] ug~ bu =k; ksn' k / krq v ksal si js"VªUçR;; gksrk gS ] dj.kkFkZesa; g l w =kkFkZgS AfØ; kfl f¼ esaçÑ"Vksidkjd dj.kgksrkgS Abl dkfooj.kdkjd çdj.kosQi kBksaes açkIr gkrskgS Abl l w =kl sfofgr çR;; ÑnfrÄ~ l sÑRl a Kd gksrk gS Aog çR;; çÑrl w =k l sdj.k esagksrk gS A"VªUçR;; osQudkj dk gyUR;e~l s


129


iw oZ ÑnUr&2 bRl a Kk] "kdkj dh"k%çR;; L; l sbr~gksrhgS AfufeÙk"kdkj osQv i k; esauS fefÙkd Vdkj Hkhv i k; gkrskgS ] fufeÙkki k; suS fefÙkdL; kI; i k; %bl i fjHkk"kkos Qcy l sAbl çdkj "Vªu%=k&ek=kv o' ks"kjgrk gS A "Vªu~dk udkjkuq cU/ v k| q nkÙk LojkFkZgS A "kdkjkuq cU/ L=khRofoo{kk esaf"kn~ xkS j kfnH; ' p l s ÄhfCoèkukFkZgS A mnkgj . k esal w =kkFkZl eUo; & Øe' k mnkgj . k çLr q r d j r sgS a & 1-

nkUR;usu bfr nk=ke~ Anki ~yous( v nkfn- i jLeS - v fuV~ ) bl / krql sdj.kRookP; esaçÑr l w =k l s"Vªu~v uq cU/yksi esank =k gksusi j b.k~fu"ks/ esank=k gksrk gS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fnd l a Kk esal q foHkfÙkQl sui q la d fyÄ~ x l qdksv ekns'k gksd j v fe i w o% Z l si w oZ : i , dkns'k esank=ke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

2-

uh; rsvus u bfr us =ke~ A.kh×k~çki .ks( Hokfn- mHk; - vfuV~ ) bl / krql sdj.kRookP; es açÑrl = wk l s"Vªu~v uq cU/yksi esauh =k gksusi j / krql sv uq nkÙk gksusi j bV~ughagksrk gSfdUrq=k osQ l koZ / krq d gksusl sl koZ / krq d k/ Z / krq d ; ks%l sbd Zkj osQxq . k, dkj esaus=kgksrkgS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kk esal q foHkfÙkQui q la d fyÄ~ x esal qdks v ekns'k gksd j v fe i w oZ %l si w oZ : i , dkns'k esaus=ke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

3-

' kl fr ( fgufLr) v usu bfr ' kL=kEA' kl qfga l k; ke~( Hokfn- i jLeS - l sV~ ) bl / krql sdj.kRo okP; esaçÑrl = wkl s"Vªu~osQv uq cU/yksi esa' kl ~=kgksusi j / krql sfofgr =kosQv k/ Z / krq d gksusl sv k/ Z / krq d L; sM~ oykns%l sbV~çkfIr esaml osQfu"ks/kFkZ ; g l w =k v kjEHk djrsgS & a

è; ku nsa %

28-13 fr r q =kr Fkfl l q l j d l s"kqpAA( 7-2-9) lw =kkFkZ & fr] rq ] =k] r] Fk] fl ] l q ] l j] d] l ] bu n' k ÑRçR;; ksadksbV~ughagkrsk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l = wki n}; kRed gS Abl l w =kl sb.k~fu"ks/ gksrkgS Afrrq =krFkfl l q l jdl s"kq ( 7@ 3) p ( v O;; ) ; sl w =kxri nksadk foHkfÙkQfunZ s'k gS AusM~ of' k Ñfr bl l sv uq o`Ùk Ñfr l sÑRl q bfr l Irehcgq opukUr l sfoi fj.kke gksrk gS Afr' p rq ' p =k' p r' p Fk' p fl ' p l q ' p l ' p j' p d' p l ' p buesabrjsrj; ksx}U} es afrrq =krFkfl l q l jdl k% ] rs"kqfrrq =krFkfl l q l jdl "skq Al = wkkFkZgSfd] fr] rq ] =k] r] Fk] fl ] l q ] l j] d] l bu ÑRçR;; ksaesabMkxe ughagksrk gS Al sV~ / krq LFky esaçkIr bV~osQ fu"ks/kFkZ; g ; ksx gS Av fuV~ / krq LFky esaçkIr bV~osQ, dkp mi ns'ks¿uq nkÙkkr~l sfu"ks/%fl ¼ gh gS A v "Vkè; k; hesafrrq =krFkfl l q l jdl s"kqp bl l si w oZ lw =kgSusM~ of' kÑfr ( 7-2-8) Aml osQ; ksx l so' kkfn ÑRçR;; ksal sb.k~fu"ks/ fd; kt krkgS Abl l srksfrrq =kkfn n' kçR;; ksal sbf.u"ks/ fd; kt krkgS Ami fj mÙkQn' k çR;; v k/ Z / krq d gksusl sv k/ Z / krq d L; sM~ oykns%l sbMkxe çkIr gksrk gS ] bl l s; g fu"ks/ gksrkgS A mnkgj . kl w =kkFkZ l eUo; & i w okÙ skQçdkj l s' kl ~=k; gkabMkxe çkIr gksuses Z açÑr l = wkl sml dk fu"ks/ gksrk gS A bl l s' kL=k gksrk gS A rc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l s çkfri fndl a Kk esal q foHkfÙkQl sui q la d fyÄ~ x eal qdksv ekns'k l sv fe i w oZ %l si w oZ : i , dkns'k esa ' kL=ke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A lq =kksÙkQfr' kCn l sfL=k; kafÙkQ u~esafÙkQ u~xzg.k gS Abl l sfl rfuxfeefl l P; fo/ k×k~ Øq f' kH; Lrq u~ l srq u~dk xzg.k gS Ar l sm.kkfn&rçR;; dk xzg.k gS AFk l sm.kkfn&DFkçR;; dk xzg.k gS Afl l& sm.kkfn &fDl çR;; dkxz g.kgS Al qbl l sm.kkfn&Dl q çR;; dkxzg.kgS Al j bl l sm.kkfn&l jUçR;; 130


iw oZ ÑnUr&2 dk xzg.k gS Ad l bul sm.kkfnLFk d v kS j l çR;; dk xzgj.k gS A


Øe' k%bl l w =k osQmnkgj.k nsrsgS & a 1-

fr & rfUr% A

2-

rq& l ÙkQ % q A

3-

=k & ' kL=ke~; g mQ i j mÙkQgh gS A

4-

r & gLr% ] yksr% ] i ksr% A

5-

Fk & dk"Be~ ] oq Q "Be~ A

6-

fl & oq Q f{k% A

7-

l q& b{kq % A

8-

l j & v {kje~ A

9-

d & ' kYd%( fNydk) A

è; ku nsa %

10- l & oRl % A vc i w oZl w =k osQv of' k"V mnkgj.k çfØ; k l g; ksx l sv kyksfpr fd, t krsgS & a 4-

; ks=ke~ &; q ofUr v usu bfr ; ks=ke~ A; qfeJ.kkfeJ.k; ks%( v nkfn- i jLeS - l sV~ ) l s/ krqosQdj.kRo okP; esaçÑrl w =k l s "Vªu~v uq cU/ykis esa ; q =k gksus i j =k osQ v k/ Z / krq d gksus l s v kèkZ èkkrq d L; sM~ oykns%bl l sbV~çkfIr esafrrq =krFkfl l q l jdl s"kqp bl l w =k l sml dk fu"ks/ gksrk gS A rc v k/ Z / krq d xq . k esa ; ks =k gksrk gS A rc bl l eq nk; osQ ÑnUr gksus l s ÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kk esal q foHkfÙkQui q la d fyÄ~ x l qdksv ekns'k gksd j v fe iw oZ %l si w oZ : i , dkns'k esa; ks=ke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

5-

; ksD=ke~ &; q ×k~ t fUr v usu bfr ; ksD=ke~ A; q ft j~; ksxs( #/ kfn- mHk; -) bl / krql sdj.kRookP; esaçÑrl w =k l s"Vªu~v uq cU/yksi esa; q t ~=k gksusi j , dkp mi ns'ks¿uq nkÙkl w =k l soykfny{k.k osQbMkxe osQfu"ks/ esay?kw i / kxq . k esapks%oq Q %bl l st dkj osQxdkj esa• fj p l spRoZl s xdkj osQddkj esa; ksDr gksrk gS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l s çkfri fndl a Kk esal q foHkfÙkQui q la d fyÄ~ x eal qdksv ekns'k gksd j v fe i w oZ %bl l si w oZ :i , dkns'k esa; ksD=ke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

6-

Lrks=ke~ & Lrq ofUr v usu bfr Lrks=ke~ A Lrq( "Vq ×k~Lrq r kS ] v nkfn- mHk; - v fuV~ ) bl / krql s dj.kRookP; esaçÑrl w =kl s"Vªu~v uq cU/yksi esaLrq=kgksusi j , dkp mi ns'ks¿uq nkÙkkr~l w =kl s oykfny{k.k bMkxe osQfu"ks/ esav k/ Z / krq d xq . k esaLrks=k gksrk gS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kkesal q foHkfÙkQui q ld a fyÄ~ x esal qdksvekns ' kgkd sj v fe i o wZ %l si w oZ : i , dkns'k esaLrks=ke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

7-

rq nfUr v usu bfr rksR=ke~ A rq n O;Fkus( rukfn- mHk; - v fuV~ ) bl / krql sdj.kRookP; esa çÑrl = wkl s"Vªu~v uq cU/yksi esarq n~=kgku ssi j , dkp mi ns'ks¿uq nkÙkkr~l w =kl soykfny{k.kosQ bMkxe dkfu"ks/ esay?kw i / kxq . kesandkj osQpRoZosQrdkj esarksR=kgksrkgS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kk esal q foHkfÙkQui q la d fyÄ~ x esal qdks v ekns'k gksd j v fe i w oZ %l si w oZ : i , dkns'k esarksR=ke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A


131


è; ku nsa %

iw oZ ÑnUr&2 8-

l s=ke~ & fl UofUr v usu bfr l s=ke~ A fl ( f"k×k~cU/us] Lokfn) bl / krql sdj.kRookP; esa çÑrl w =kl s"Vªu~v uq cU/yksi esafl =kgksusi j , dkp mi ns'ks¿uq nkÙkkr~l w =kl soykfny{k.kosQ bMkxe osQfu"k/s esav k/ Z / krq d xq . k esal s=k gksrk gS A rr%v L; l eq nk; L; ÑnUrRokr~ ÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bR;usu çkfri fndl a Kk; kal q foHkÙkQ kSui q la d fyÄ~ xsl ksjekns'ksv fe i w oZ %bfr iw oZ : i , dkns'k l sD=ke~bfr : i afl è; frA

9-

lD s=ke~& fl ×k~ pfUr v us u bfr l sD=ke~ Afl p~( f"kp {kj.ks]rq nkfn- mHk; - vfuV~ ) / krql sdj.kRo okP; esaçÑrl = wk l s"Vªu~v uq cU/yksi esafl p~=k gksusi j , dkp mi ns'ks¿uq nkÙkkr~l w =k l s oykfny{k.k bMkxe osQfu"ks/ esay?kw i / xq . k esapks%oq Q %l spdkj osQoq Q Ro ddkj esal sÙkQ z gksrk gS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kkesal q foHkfÙkQ ui q la d fyÄ~ x l qdksv ekns'k gksd j v fe i w oZ %i w oZ : i , dkns'k esal sD=ke~: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

10- esyknkSp fDÄfrA 20- nkEuh'kl ; q ;q t Lrq rq nfl fl pfegi rn' kug%dj.ksA 21- frrq =krFkfl l q l jdl s"kqpA 22- PN~ oks%' kw Muq ukfl osQpA 134

23- "VªUçR;; %dj.ks¿FkZ sA


i kB&29

mÙkj ÑnUre~

mÙkj ÑnUre~

29

mÙkj ÑnUre~

è; ku nsa %

bl i kB esamÙkj ÑnUrLFkl w =kksadkO;k[ ; ku djsa xsAi gysrq eq UçR;; osQfo"k; esappkZdjsa xsA rc HkkokFkZesa?k×k~ çR;; oS Q l sgksrk gS; g dgsa xA sa rq eq UuUr ' kCn v O;; gS A?k×uUr' kCn i q fYyÄ~ x gS A rc v p~ &v i ~ &uÄ~ &fd bu çR;; ksadkç; ksx çnf' kZ r djsa xsArc L=khRo fof' k"V Hkko esadrZ `fHkUudkjd esa fÙkQ u~ &v &; q p~bR;kfn çR;; ksadk ç; ksx oS Q l sgksrk gS ] ; g dgsa xsAi gysv ki drkZv kS j deZesa ÙkQ çR;; gksrkgS; g t ku pq osQgS Av c ui q a l d Hkko esaHkhÙkQ a çR;; gksrkgS ] ; g t kusa xsAv Ur esaÙkQ ~ ok &Y; i ~&.keq y ~bu çR;; ksaosQfo"k; esappkZHkh crk; sa xsA

mís'; bl i kB dksi Z Y; efdfr l sn`' k~ l sv ekxe v uq cU/yksi gksrk gS Aog feÙo gksusl sfenpks¿UR;kRij%l sv UR;knp l si jsgksrkgS Arc n`v ' k~rq e~gksusi j bdks; .kfp l s½dkj osQLFkku i j jsiQ kns'kesaæ'k~rq e~gksusi j oz'pHkzLt kfnl w =k l s' kdkj osQ"kdkj esa"Vu qk"Vq %l w =kl s"Vq Ro esardkj osQVdkj esaæ"Vq e~gksrkgS Arc Hkkookpd gksus l sv kS Rl fxZ d çFkek , dopu esal q çR;; esaÑUest Ur%l sekUr ÑnUr ' kCn gksusl sv O;; l a Kk esa v O;; knkIl q i %l sl ~osQyksi gksusi j æ"Vq e~bfr : i fl ¼ gksrk gS Arc bl okD; l sÑ".kdeZ d &Hkkfon' kZ u fØ; kFkZxeufØ; k osQl eku drkZdk cks/ gksrk gS A ¹l w =ke~l `ft n`' kks> Z Y; efd fr ( ö-û-ÿø) ¾l `ft n`' kksjekxe%L; kT>y knkofd fr Aº ; gkafo' ks"k& Hkêð ksft nhf{kr v kfn dgrsgSfd l ekudrZ `d Ro l R; esaghrq eq UçR;; dkç; ksx gksrk gS Av FkkZ r ~rq eq UuUr/ krql sdrkZ ] fØ; kFkZ fØ; k osQdrkZosQl eku gksrkgSrc rq eq UçR;; gksrk gS A v r , o Ñ".kaæ"Vq a; kfr ; gkan' kZ ufØ; kv kS j xeufØ; kesadrkZl eku gS ] bl gsrql srq eq UçR;; gksrk gS Av uq t kuhfg ekaxUrq e~; gkaxeufd; kdkdrkZv Len~ ] v uq t kuhfg dkdrkZ; q "en~; gkadrZ `Hkn s Li "V gh gS Abl l sv uq t kuhfg ekaxeuk; l sgh gksrk gSu fd v uq t kuhfg ekaxUrq e~ A . oq YçR;; d k mnkgj . k& Ñ".kan' kZ d ks; kfr ; gkaHkfo"; Rdkfyd n' kZ u fØ; k l sxeufØ; k djrsgS Av r%xeufØ; k a n' kZ ufØ; k dhfØ; kFkkZfØ; k gS Aog fØ; kFkkZfØ; k l ehi esagksrh gSbl çÑrl w =k l sn`f' kj~çs{k.ks ( Hokfn- i jLeS - v fuV~ ) / krql sHkfo"; Rdky esadrZ `RookP; esa.oq YçR;; osQv uq cU/yksi esa/ krqosQ b.k~osQyksi esan`' k~oqgksusi j ; q oksjukdkSl soqosQLFkku i j v o~ Qv kns'k esan`' k~v o~ Qgksusi j

136


mÙkj ÑnUre~ v kèkZ èkkrq d a' ks"k%l s.oq y ~v k/ Z / krq dl a Kk esai q xUry?kw i / kL; p l sy?kw i / xq . k esan' kZ d gksrk gS Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kk esaçFkek , dopu esal q çR;; l s n' kZ d %: i fl ¼ gksrkgS Abl okD; l sÑ".kdeZ d &Hkkfon' kZ u fØ; kFkZxeufØ; kosQl eku drkZdk cks/ gS AÑ| ksx esadrZ `d eZ . kks%Ñfr l sv uq ÙkQdeZesaÑ".kesa"k"BhçkIr FkhAi jUrqv osQ uksHkZ fo"; nk/ e.; Z ; ks%l sml dkfu"ks/ gS Arc deZ f.kf}rh; kl sf}rh; foHkfÙkQgS A.oq Yr`pkSbl l w =kLFk.oq YçR;; esaÑ".kL; n' kZ d %deZesa"k"Bh gS Arq eq U.oq y kSfØ; k; kafØ; kFkkZ ; ke~l s.oq YçR;; esadeZesaf}rh; k ; Fkk Ñ".kan' kd Z% Abu nksuksaesa.oq YçR;; fo' k"sk gS A dkykFkZmi i nksaesa/ krql srq eq UçR;; fo/ k; d l w =k çkjEHk djrsgS & a

29-2 d ky l e; osy kl qr q eq u~ AA( 3-3-167)

i kB&29 mÙkj ÑnUre~

è; ku nsa %

lw =kkFkZ & dkyokpd çR;; i gysgksusi j / krql srq eq u~çR;; gksrk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k i n}; kRed gS Abl l w =k l srq eq UçR;; gksrk gS Adkyl e; osy kl q ( 7@ 3) rq eq u~( 1@ 1) ; g l w =kxr i nksadkfoHkfÙkQ funZ s'kgS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) ; s rhu v f/ Ñr gS A dky' p l e; ' p osy k p dkyl e; osy k%; gka brjsrj; ksx}U} gS a ] rkl q dkyl e; osy kl q Adky% ] l e; % ] osy k bu i ; kZ ; okph' kCnxzg.k dkyokph' kCnksadk mi y{k.kkFkZgS A bul sv ol jkfn dkyokph' kCnksadkHkhxzg.kgkrskgS Al w =kkFkZgSfd dky &l e; &osy kfn dkyokpd ' kCnksal smi i n / krql srq eq UçR;; i jsgksrkgS Arq eU qçR;; i w oZ or~vO;; ÑrksHkkosbl opukuq l kj HkkokFkZ esagkrskgS AHkko v æO; gksrkgSvr%rq eq UuUr os Q oy v kS Rl fxZ d , dopu esaghgksrkgS Arc ÑUest Ur% l svO;; l K ak; ke~vO;; knkIl q i %l sl ~dkyksi gkrskgS Abl l w =kl sfofgr çR;; Ñr~frÄ~l sÑRlK ad gksrkgS A mnkgj . k& d ky %l e; ksosy k ok HkksÙkQ q e~ A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & çLrq r mnkgj.k esa & dkyl e; osy k mi i ns' kCnksal sHkq t i kyukH; ogkj; ks% ( #/ kfn- i jLeS - v fuV~ ) bl / krql sçÑrl w =k l sHkko esarq eq u~v uq cU/yksi esarq eq u~v k/ Z / krq d gksus l sv k/ Z / krq d L; sM~ oykns%l sbMkxe çkfIr esa, dkp mi ns'ks¿uq nkÙkkr~l sml osQfu"ks/ esay?kw i / kxq .k l spks%dq %l st dkj osQxdkj esa• fj p l sxdkj osQddkj esaHkksÙkQ e~gksrk gS q Arc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUrRo gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a KkosQçFkek, dopu l q çR;; esaÑUest Ur%l s v O;; l a Kk; ke~v O;; knkIl q i %l sl ~osQyksi esaHkksÙkQ e~: i fl ¼ gksrkgS q A; gkau rksHkfo"; RdkykFkZ gSv kS j u ghfØ; kFkkZfØ; kAv r%rq eq . .oq y kSfØ; k; kafØ; kFkkZ ; ke~bl i w oZ ; ksx l srq eq UçR;; v çkIr gS Av r%; g l w =kkjEHk gS Abl v ol j i j ; g mnkgj.kkUrj gS A v fØ; kFkkZ sii nkFkZesav fxze l w =k v kjEHk djrsgS & a

29-3 l ekud r Z òsQ "kqr q eq u~ AA( 3-3-158) lw =kkFkZ & bPNkFkZ s, ddrZ `d mi i n ' kCnksaesa/ krql srq eq u~gksrk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =ki n}; kRed gS Abl l w =kl srq eq UçR;; gksrkgS Al ekudrZ òsQ "kq( 7@ 3) rq eq u~( 1@ 1) ; g l w =kxr i nksadkfoHkfÙkQ funZ s'kgS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) ; srhu vf/ Ñr gS AbPNkFks"ZkqfyÄ~ y kV skSl sbPNkFks"Zkq(7@ 3) i n vuq ofrZ r gS Al eku%drkZ; "skkarsl ekudrZ `d kLrs "kq


137


mÙkj ÑnUre~ l ekudrZ òsQ "kq; gkacgq ozhfg l ekl gS Al ekudrZ `d ' kCn dk , d drkZ; g v FkZgS Al w =kkFkZgSfd& bPNkFkZ d l ekudrZ `d mi i n / krql srq eq UçR;; i jsgksrk gS Abl l w =k l sfofgr çR;; Ñr~frÄ~l s ÑRl a Kd gksrk gS A rq eq . .oq y kSfØ; k; ke~fØ; kFkkZ ; ke~bl i w oZ lw =k l sfØ; kFkkZfØ; k osQmi i n esa rq eq UçR;; gksrk gS ] bl l srksugha ] v fi rqbPNkFkZ d fØ; k ek=k mi i n gS ] ; gharq eq UçR;; gksrkgS A mnkgj . k& bPNfr HkksÙkQ q e~ Aof"V HkksÙkQ q e~ Aok×k~ Nfr HkksÙkQ q e~ A

lw =kkFkZl eUo; & bPNfr HkksÙkQ e~; gkabPNkFkZ q d b"/ krqmi i n gS AfdUrqb"/ krqdkdrkZv kS j HkT q/ krqdkdrkZl eku ghgS Av r%l ekudrZ òQ s"kqrq eq u~bl çÑrl w =kl srq eq u~es aHkksÙkQ e~: i afl ¼ gksrk q AçfØ; k rksi w oZ lw =k esamÙkQgS A è; ku nsa % gS ' kDuksR;kfn mi i n / krql srq eq UçR;; fo/ k; d l w =k v kjEHk djrsgS & a

29-4 ' kd &/ `"k&Kk&Xy k&?kV&j Hk&y Hk&Øe&l gkgkZ LR;FkZ s"kq rq eq u~( 3-4-65) lw =kkFkZ & ' kd&/ `"k&Kk&Xyk&?kV&jHk&yHk&Øe&l gkgZ &v FkZesami i n ' kCnksal s/ krql srq eq u~ gksrkgS A lw =k O; k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k i n} ; kRed gS A bl l w =k l s r q eq UçR; ; gksrk gS A ' kdèk`"kKkXyk?kVjHk&yHkØel gkgkZ LR;FkZ s"kq( 7@ 3) rq eq u~( 1@ 1 ;g l w =kxri nksadk foHkfÙkQfunZ s'k gS A çR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) ; srhu v f/ Ñr gS Av Lrhfr v FkkZ s; s"kkarsv LR;FkkZ % ] cgq ozhfg% A' kd' p / `"k' p Kk' p Xyk' p ?kV' p jHk' p yHk' p Øe' p l g' p v gZ ' p] v LR;FkkZ 'p rs "kke~brjs r j; ksx}U}s ] ' kd/ `"kKkXyk?kVjHkyHkØel gkgkL ZR;Fkk% Zrs "kq' kd/ `"kKkXyk?kVjHkyHkØel gkgkL ZR;Fk"sZkA q lw =kesaÑr v FkZ xzg.kdkl EcU/ v fLrukos Ql kFkgS Av r%vkfn cgq ozhfgl ekl ] ml osQckn }U}l ekl gS Al w =kkFkZgSfd ' kd~ &/ `"k~ &Kk&XyS &?kV~ &jHk~ &yHk~ &Øe~ &l g~ &v gZ ~ & v LR;FkZ d mi i n / krq v ksaosQ èkkrq ek=k gksusl srq eq UçR;; gksrk gS Abl l w =k l sfofgr çR;; ÑRl a Kd gksrk gS A mnkgj.k esal w =kkFkZ l eUo; gS & rkfydk l sbl l w =k dk mnkgj.k çLrq r fd; k t krk gS &

138

mi i n

rq eq UuUr ' kCn

' kd~ &' kDukfsr

HkkÙ skQ e q~

/ `"k~ &/ `".kkfsr

HkkÙ skQ e q~

Kk&t kukfr

HkkÙ skQ e q~

XyS &Xyk; fr

HkkÙ skQ e q~

?kV~ &?kVrs

HkkÙ skQ e q~

v k&jHk~ &vkjHkrs

HkkÙ skQ e q~


i kB&29

mÙkj ÑnUre~ yHk~ &yHkrs

HkkÙ skQ e q~

ç&Øe~ &çØers

HkkÙ skQ e q~

l g~ &l grs

HkkÙ skQ e q~

vgZ ~ &v gZ fr

HkkÙ skQ e q~

v LR;FkZ/ kr q vl ~ &v fLr

HkkÙ skQ e q~

Hkw &Hkofr

HkkÙ skQ e q~

fon~ &fo| rs

HkkÙ skQ e q~

mÙkj ÑnUre~

è; ku nsa %

; gka' kDuksR;kfn mi i nsHkq T/ krql srq eq UçR;; bl l w =k l sfofgr gS AHkksÙkQ e~bl esarq q eq UuUr dh çfØ; k i w oZl = wk esanh x; h gS A

29-5 i ; kZ fIr opus"oy eFkZ s"kq AA( 3-4-66) lw =kkFkZ & i ; kZ fIr i w . kZ r k gS Aml osQokph l keF; Z opu mi i n ' kCnksal srq eq u~gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =ki n}; kRed gS Abl l w =kl srq eq UçR;; dkfo/ ku gksrkgS Ai ; kZ fIr opus"kqv yeFkZ s"kq; sl w =kxr i nPNsn gS A çR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bfr ; srhu v fèkÑr gS A' kd/ `"kKkXyk?kVjHkyHkØel gkgkZ LR;FkZ s"kqrq eq u~bl l w =k l srq eq u~( 1@ 1) i n dhv uq o`fÙk gksrh gS Ai ; kZ fIr%mP; rs; S %rsi ; kZ fIropuk%rs"kqi ; kZ fIropus"kq Av ye~v FkkZ s; s"kkarsv yeFkkZ %rs "kq v yeFkZ s"kq; gkacgq ozhfgl ekl gS Al w =kkFkZgSfd i .wkZ r kokphl keF; Z opuksal sv yekfn mi i n ' kCnksadh / krql srq eq UçR;; i jsgksrk gS Açfr"ks/kFkZ d v ye~' kCn; ksx l srq eq UçR;; ughagksrk gSfdUrqDofpr~ dohuke~rFkk ç; ksxksn`' ; rsA; Fkk dq N dfo; ksausoS l k ç; ksx fd; k gS At S l s& v yekRekua• snf; rq e~ ( os.kh 2-3) Av yal q Irt uaçcks/f; rq e~( e`PNdfVde~3) Av usu l w =ks.k fofgr%çR;; %ÑRl a Kd% HkofrAbl l = wk l s fofgr çR;; ÑRl a Kd gksrk gS A i ; kZ Ir% ] çoh.k% ] dq ' ky% ] i Vq %bR;kn; % i ; kZ fIropuk%l keF; Z opuk%mi i n' kCnk% AbR;kfn i ; kZ fIropu l keF; Z opu mi i n' kCn gS A mnkgj . k esal w =kkFkZl eUo; & i ; kZ IrksHkksÙkQ e~ q ] çoh.k% ] dq ' ky% ] i Vq %bR;kfnA; gkai ; kZ Ir% ] çoh.k% ] dq ' ky% ] i Vq %; sa' kCn i w . kZ r kokphv kS j l keF; Z okph' kCn gS Av r%mu mi i n l r~Hkq a T/ krql s çÑrl w =k l srq eq UçR;; osQv uq cU/yksi esa/ krqosQy?kw i / kxq . k esat dkj osQdq Ro xdkj osQpRoZesa ddkj gksusi j HkksÙkQ e~gksrkgS q Arc ÑnUr gksusl sçkfri fndl a KkgS Arq eq UçR;; v O;; ÑrksHkkosbl opukuq l kj HkkokFkZesagksrkgS AHkko v æO; gksrk gS Av r%rq eq UuUr gksusl sosQ oy v kS Rl fxZ d , dopu esagh gksrk gS Arc ÑUest Ur%l sv O;; l a Kk esav O;; knkIl q i %l sl ~osQyksi esaHkksÙkQ e~: i fl ¼ q gkrskgS A


139

i kB&29

mÙkj ÑnUre~

mÙkj ÑnUre~

i kBxr i z'u&1 1-

rq eq U.oq y kSfØ; k; kafØ; kFkkZ ; ke~bl dk D; k v FkZgS A

2-

dkyl e; osy kl qrq eq u~bl dk D; k v FkZgS A

3-

l ekudrZ òsQ "kqrq eq u~bl dk D; k v FkZgS A

4-

i ; kZ fIropus"oyeFkZ s"kqbl dk D; k v FkZgS \

è; ku nsa % 5-

fØ; kFkkZfØ; k D; k gS \

6-

rq eq U.oq y kSfØ; k; kafØ; kFkkZ ; ke~bR;L; fde~mnkgj.ke~bl dk mnkgj.k D; k gS \

7-

dkyl e; osy kl qrq eq u~bR;L; fde~mnkgj.ke~bl dk mnkgj.k D; k gS \

8-

l ekudrZ òsQ "kqrq eq u~bR;L; fde~mnkgj.ke~bl dk mnkgj.k D; k gS \

9-

i ; kZ fIr%dkAD; k gS \

10- dkS u l si ; kZ fIropu l keF; Z opu mi i n ' kCn gS \ a ; gkav kfn esaHkko esa?kf×k~ o/ k; d l w =k çLrq r djrsgS & a

29-6 Hkkos?k~( 3-3-18) lw =kkFkZ & Hkko v FkZesa/ krql s?k×k~çR;; gksrk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k , di nkRed gS Abl l w =k l s?k×k~ çR;; gksrk gS AHkkos; g l Ireh , dopukUr gS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) ; srhu v f/ Ñr gS Ai n#t fo' kLi `' kks?k×k~ a bl l s?k×k~( 1@ 1) i n v uq ofrZ r gS Al kekU;r; kHkko] fØ; k ; sl ekukFkZ d gS AfdUrq; gkal w =k esaHkko ' kCn dkfl ¼koLFkki UukfØ; kv FkZgS A/ kRoFkZfØ; knksçdkj dhgksrhgS & fl ¼koLFkki UufØ; kv kS j l kè; koLFkki UufØ; kl ~ At gkafØ; k l sfØ; kUrjkdkÄ~ {kk gksrh gSog fl ¼koLFkki Uuk fØ; k gS At S l s& i kd% ] R;kx% ] Hkkx%bR;kfn ÑnUr osQ/ kRoFkZfl ¼koLFkki UukfØ; kgS At gkafØ; kl sfØ; kUrjkdkÄ~ {kk ughagksrh gS ] og l kè; koLFkki Uuk fØ; k gS At S l s& i pfr] R;t fr] Hkt fr] bR;kfn frÄ~ Ur esa l kè; koLFkki Uuk fØ; k gS Al w =kkFkZgSfd& t c / kRoFkZfl ¼koLFkki Uuk fØ; k gksrh gSrc / krql s ÑRl a Kd ?k×k~ çR;; gksrk gS A t c / kRoFkZfl ¼koLFkki Uuk fØ; k gksrh gSrc og æO;or~gksrh gS ( ÑnfHkfgrksHkkoksæO;or~çdk' krs) v r , o fyÄ~ xl a [ ; k; ksx esagksrhgS A?k×k~dk×kdkj gyUR;e~l s bRl a Kd] ?kdkj y' kDorf¼rsl sbr~gS Av r%v dkjek=k' ks"kjgrkgS A?kdkjkuq cU/ pt ks%dqf?k..; rks% bR;kfn l sf?kRdk; kZ FkZgS A×kdkjkuq cU/ v r mi / k; k%l so`¼; FkZgS Abl l w =kl sfofgr çR;; ÑRl a Kd gksrkgS A mnkgj . k& i kd % A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & Mq i p"k~i kosQ( Hokfn- mHk; - v fuV~ ) bl / krql sfl ¼koLFkki UuHkkookP; s çÑr l w =kl s?k×k~osQv uq cU/yksi esai p~v gksusi j f×kr~gksusl sv r mi / k; k%l smi / ko`f¼ esai kp~ v gksrkgS Arc f?kr~gku ssl spt ks%dqf?k..; rks%l s/ krqosQpdkj osQdq Ro ddkj esai kd gksrk gS A 140


mÙkj ÑnUre~ rc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kkes al q foHkfÙkQosQl dkj osQ#Ro jsiQdk fol xZesai kd%: i fl ¼ gksrk gS AfyÄ~ xkuq ' kkl u l s?k×uUr ' kCn i q fYyÄ~ x esaç; q ÙkQgksrk gS Ai kd%&i kdkS&i kdk% Abl h rjg v U;A


v c ?k×k~ çR;; fo/ k; d v i j l w =k v kjEHk djrsgS & a

29-7 v d r Z fj p d kj osQl a Kk; ke~( 3-3-19) lw =kkFkZ & drkZl sfHkUu dkjd esa/ krql s?k×k~çR;; gksrk gS A

a % lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =ki nprq "V; kRed gS Abl l w =kl s?k×k~ çR;; gksrkgS Av drZ fj ( 7@ 1) è; ku ns p ( v O;; e~ ) dkjosQ( 7@ 1) l a Kk; ke~( 7@ 1) ; sl w =kxr i nksadk foHkfÙkQfunZ s'k gS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) ; srhu v f/ Ñr gS Ai n#t fo' kLi `' kks?k×k~l s?k×k~( 1@ 1) i n v uq ofrZ r gS A u drZ fj v drZ fj ; gkau×k~ r Riq #"k gS Al w =kkFkZgSfd drZ `fHkUu deZ d j.kkfndkjd osQokP; esa/ krql s i js?k×k~ çR;; gksrkgSl a Kkfo"k; esa Al w =kLFk l a Kk' kCn dk : ykfn fÄr~v fLr bl gsrql sml esauÄ~i jsgksusi j PN~ oks%' kw Muuq ukfl osQp l srq d osQNdkj osQLFkku i j v FkkZ r ~PN~osQLFkku i j ' kdkjkns'k esafo' k~u gksrk gS Arc uÄ v k/ Z / krq d gksusl si q xUry?kw i/ L; p l sçkIr y?kw i / kxq . k dk fDÄfr p l sfu"ks/ gS ArFkk Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l sçkIr ' pq RoL; ' kkr~ bl l w =k l sfu"ks/ gS A rc bl l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l sçkfri fndl a Kk esa lq foHkfÙkQesafo' u%: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A ¹l w =ke~' kkr ~( ø-þ-þþ) ¾'kkRij L; r oxZ L; pq Ro u L; kr ~ Aº çPNue~ç' u%; gkaçPN KhIl k; ke~( rq nkfn-i jLeS -) bl / krql sçÑrl w =kl suÄ~çPN~u gksus i j çPN~ / krql sv fuV~gksusl susV~gS Arc uÄ~ >ykfn fÄr~gSbl gsrql sml esaufÄ i jsPN~ oks% ' kw Muuq ukfl osQp l sPN~osQLFkku i j ' kdkjkns'k esaç' k~u gksrkgS Arc uÄ%fÄÙokr~xzfgT; kfn l w =k l s çkIr l Eçl kj.k osQç' u pkl Uudky esabR;| kpk; ZfunZ s'k l sfu"ks/ gS Arr%Lrks%' pq uk ' pq %l s çkIr ' pq RoL; ' kkr~bl l w =k l sfu"ks/ gS Arc ç' u l eq nk; osQÑnUr gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p l s çkfri fndl a Kk esal q foHkfÙkQesaç' u%: i fl ¼ gksrk gS A j{k.ke~j{.k%; gkaj{ki kyus( Hokfn-i jLeS -) bl / krql sçÑrl w =kl sufÄ j{k~u gksusi j j{k~ &/ krql sv fuV~gksusi j usV~gS Arc udkj osQj"kkH; kauks.k%l ekui n esa.kRo foHkfÙkQ dk; Zesaj{.k% : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A

29-12 mi l xZ s?kks%fd % AA( 3-3-92) lw =kkFkZ & mi l xZmi i n gksus i j ?kq la Kd/ krql s fdçR;; gks Hkko esal a Kk fo"k; d o drZ `fHkUudkjd esa A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =ki n=k; kRed gS Abl l w =kl sfdçR;; gksrk gS Ami l xZ s( 7@ 1) ?kks% ( 5@ 1) fd%( 1@ 1) ; g l w =kxri nksadkfoHkfÙkQ funZ s'kgS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhuksadkv f/ dkj ; gkav krkgS AHkkos] v drZ fj p dkjosQl a Kk; ke~bu nksuksal w =kksadkv uq orZ u ; gka gksrkgS Amil xZ s; g l IrE; Ur i n gSvr%r=kksii nal IrehLFke~bl l smi i n gksrkgS Ank/ k?onki ~bl l s 144


mÙkj ÑnUre~ nk/ krqo / k/ krqdh?kq la KkgksrhgS Al = wkkFkZgksxk& HkkokFkZesal a Kkfo"k; d drZ `fHkUudkjdkFkZes ao mi l xZ mii n gksusi j ?kq lK ad nko / k/ krql sfdçR;; gksrkgS Afd osQddkj dhy' kDorf¼rsbl l sbRlK ak gksrh gS Aml l sbdkjek=k cprk gS Addkjkuq cU/ v krksyksi bfV p bl l s/ krqosQv kdkj dk yksi gkrskgS A


mnkgj . k & mi kf/ % A lw =kkFkZ l eUo; & mi k/ h; rs v us u bfr mi kf/ % A; gkami & v kÄ~bu nksmil xks±l s; q ÙkQMè qkk×k / kj.ki ks"k.k; ks%( t g qksR;kfn- mHk; - v fuV~ ) ; g / krqgS Abl / krql sdj.kdkjd dhfoo{kkesaçÑrl w =k l sfdçR;; djuso v uq cU/yksi djusi j ^mi v k / k b* , slk curk gSv krksyksi bfV p bl l s/ è; ku nsa % krqosQv kdkj dk yksi djusi j ^mi v k / ~b* gkst kusi j mi i nefrÄ~bl l smi i nl ekl gksusl s ÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l sçkfri fndl K akdjusi j l q çR;; gksusi j mikf/ %; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS AD; Urks ?k% q ( fyÄ~ xkuq ' kkl ue~& 41) bl osQv uq l kj fdçR;; kUr' kCn i q fyÄ~ a xokpd gksrk gS A fo/ kue~fof/ %; gkaHkko esafo &mi l xZ iw oZ d / k/ krql sfdçR;; gS Afo/ h; rsfof/ %; gkadeZ esafdçR;; gS Afo/ Ùksfof/ %; gka; | fi drkZesafu"ks/ gSrFkkfi cgq y xzg.k l sdrkZesafdçR;; gkrskgS A l U/kue~l fU/%; gkal Ei w oZ d / k / krql sfdçR;; Hkko esagksrk gS A

i kBxr i z'u&2 11- Hkko D; k gS \ 12- Hkko esao drZ ` fHkUu dkjd esadkS u&l k ÑRçR;; gksrk gS \ 13- ?kf×k p Hkkodj.k; ks%bl l w =k l sD; k gkrsk gS \ 14- p; %; gkadkS u&l k ÑRçR;; o fdl l w =k l sgS \ 15- ½nksji ~bl dk D; k v FkZgS \ 16- ç' u%; gkadkS u&l k ÑRçR;; o fdl l w =k l sgS \ 17- mi l xZ s?kks%fd%bl dk D; k v FkZgS \ 18- mi l xZ s?kks%fd%bl dk mnkgj.k D; k gS \ bl osQckn fL=k; ke~bl osQv f/ dkj esai fBr ÑRçR;; ksadhv kykspukv kjEHkgksrhgSv kS j ogka fÙkQ u~; g eq [ ; çR;; gSv r%v kfn esaçkjEHk fd; k t krk gS &

29-13 fL=k; kafÙkQ u~ AA( 3-3-94) lw =kkFkZ & L=khfyÄ~ x esaHkko esafÙkQ u~gksosA lw =kO;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =ki n}; kRed gS Abl l = wkl sfÙkQ UçR;; gksrkgS AfL=k; ke~( 7@ 1) fÙkQ u~ ( 1@ 1) ; g l = wkxri nPNsn gS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhu dkv f/ dkj ; gka v krk gS AHkkos] v drZ fj p dkjosQl a Kk; ke~bu nksuksal w =kksadk v uq orZ u ; gkagksrk gS Al w =kkFkZgksxk&


145


è; ku nsa %

mÙkj ÑnUre~ L=khRofof' k"V HkkokFkZesal a Kkfo"k; d drZ `fHkUudkjdkFkZesa/ krql si jsÑRl a Kd fÙkQ u~çR;; gksrk gS A fÙkQ u dkddkj v kS j udkj br gS Aml l sfrek=kcprkgS Audkjkuq cU/ LokFkZosQfy; sgS Addkjkuq cU/ xq . kfu"ks/ osQfy; s] v uq ukfl dyksi] o l Eçl kj.k bR;kfn dk; ks±osQfy; sgS Abl l w =kl sfofgr çR;; ÑnfrÄ~bl l sÑRla Kd gkrskgS AHkkos; g l w =kl kekU;r%HkkokFkZesa?k×k~ çR;; dkfo/ ku djrkgSi jUrq L=khRofof' k"VHkko esaçR;; fo/ ku bl l sfd; kt krkgSbl rjg ; g fÙkQ UçR;; ?k×k~dkv i okn gksrk gS A; | fi , jp~o ½nkjsi ~bu nksuksal sfo/ h; eku çR;; fo' ks"k/ krq v ksal sfofgr gksusosQdkj.k ?k×k~ osQv i okn gksrsgS arFkkfi foçfr"ks/ U;k; l smu nksuksadksckf/ r djrk gS; g çR;; A mnkgj . k& Ñfr % ALr q fr % lw =kkFkZ l eUo; & dj.ke~Ñfr%; gkaMq Ñ×k~dj.ks( rukfn- mHk; ) bl / krql sçÑrl w =k l s fÙkQ UçR;; djuso v uq cU/yksi djusi j Ñ fr , slk gksusi j Ñ/ krqosQv fuV~ Ro gksusosQdkj.k bV~ ughagksrk gS AfÙkQ ud v k/ Z / krq d gksusosQdkj.k l koZ / krq d k/ Z / krq d ; ks%bl l sçkIr xq . k dk fÙkQ u osQ fdÙo osQdkj.k fDÄfr p bl l sfu"ks/ gksrk gS A ml l sÑfr bl l eq nk; osQÑnUrRo gksusl s ÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l sçkfri fndl a Kk gksusi j l q foHkfÙkQgksusi j efr' kCn: i dh rjg çfØ; k l s Ñfr%; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS AfÙkQ UuUr' kCn%fÙkQ UuUr%( fyÄ~ xkuq ' kkl ue~ &9) bl l sL=khfyÄ~ x gksrkgS A "Vq ×k~Lrq r kS( v nkfn- mHk; ) bl / krql sfÙkQ UçR;; gksusi j Lrq fr%; g : i curkgS AçfØ; krksi w oZ or~ t kuuh pkfg; sAbl rjg v U;=k Hkh l e>uk pkfg; sAl sV~ / krq v ksal sfofgr fÙkQ u l sbMkxe ughagksrk gSfrrq =krFkfl l q l jdl s"kqp bl l sfu"ks/ gksusosQdkj.kA; FkknhI/ krql sfÙkQ u gksusi j nhfIr%; g : i curkgS A v c v çR;; fo/ k; d l w =k v kjEHk fd; k t krk gS&

29-14 v çR;; kr ~ AA( 3-3-102) lw =kkFkZ & çR;; kUr / krq v ksal sL=khfyÄ~ x esav çR;; gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k gS Abl l w =k l sv &çR;; fofgr gksrk gS Av %( 1@ 1) çR;; kr~ ( 5@ 1) ; g l w =kxri nPNsn gS Av ; gkayq IrfoHkfÙkQ d funZ s'k gS AfL=k; kafÙkQ u~; gkal sfL=k; ke~( 7@ 1) bl i n dhv uq o`fÙkv kfr gS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhu dkv f/ dkj ; gka v krkgS AHkkos] v drZ fj p dkjosQl a Kk; ke~bu nksuksal w =kksadkv uq orZ u ; gkagksrkgS AçR;; kr~; g èkkrq dkfo' ks"k.k gSrnUrfof/ esaçR;; kUr / krqdk; g v FkZ y kHk gS Al w =kkFkZgksrk gS & çR;; kUr / krq v ksal s L=khfyÄ~ x esav çR;; gksrkgSHkkokFkZesal a Kkfo"k; d drZ `fHkUu dkjdkFkZesa At c fdl h/ krql sl u~ &; ÄkfnçR;; gksrkgSv Fkokfdl hçkfri fnd l sdkE; t kfnçR;; gksrkgSrc l uk| Urk/ kro%bl l s / krq la KkgksrhgS Arr%ml / krql sL=khRofof' k"V HkkokFkZesal a Kkfo"k; d drZ `fHkUudkjdkFkZesaçÑrl = wk l sv çR;; gksrk gS A; g çR;; %fÙkQ UçR;; dk v i okn gS Abl l w =k l sfofgr çR;; Ñr~frÄ~bl l s ÑRl a Kd gksrk gS A mnkgj . k&fpd h"kkZ A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & drZ fePNk fpdh"kkZ; gkaMq q Ñ×k~dj.ks( rukfn- mHk; ) bl / krql sl u~gksus i j çfØ; k l sfpdh"kZ; g gksusi j bl l eq nk; dh l uk| Urk / kro%bl l s/ krq la Kk gksrh gS Arr% l UçR;; kUr fpdh"kZbl / krql sL=khRofof' k"VkHkkokFkZesaçÑrl w =kl sfpdh"kZv , lskgksusi j v çR;; dhv k/ Z / krq d a' ks"k%bl l sv k/ /Zkrq dl a Kkgksusi j vrksyksi%bl l sl u~osQv dkjyksi djusi j fpdh"kZ ~ 146


mÙkj ÑnUre~ v ; g gkst krk gS Ai q u%L=khRo dhfoo{kk esav t k| r"Vki ~l sVki ~djus] v uq cU/yksi o l o.kZ nh?kZ djusi j fpdh"kkZbl v kcUr' kCn l sÄ~ ; kIçkfri fndkr~bl v f/ dkj l w =k osQl g; ksx l sçFkek , ddopu esal q çR;; gksusi j v uq cU/yksi gksusi j v i `ÙkQ l dkj dk gYÄ~ ; kfnl w =k l syksi djusi j fpdh"kkZ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS Abl h rjg i fBrq e~bPNk fi i fB"kk bR;kfn: i fl ¼ gksrsgS A a


¹l w =ke~v r ksy ksi%( ö-þ-þø) ¾v k/ Z / kr q d ksins'k esat ksv nUr gSml v kd kj d k y ksi v kèkZ èkkr q d i j sgksusi j gksrk gS Aº v çR;; fo/ k; d nw l jk l w =k çkjEHk gksrk gS &

29-15 xq j ks'p gy % AA( 3-3-103)

è; ku nsa %

lw =kkFkZ & xq #ekeu~gyUrkr~L=khfyÄ~ x esav çR;; gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k i n=k; kRed gS Abl l w =k l sv çR;; gksrk gS Axq j ks%( 5@ 1) p ( v O;; ) gy%( 5@ 1) ; g l w =kxri nPNsn gS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhuksa dk v f/ dkj ; gkav krk gS AfL=k; ke~ ] Hkkos] v drZ fj p dkjosQl a Kk; ke~; srhu l w =k Hkh v f/ Ñr gS A a v çR;; kr~bl l sv ( 1@ 1) ; g i n v uq ofrZ r gS Agy%; g / krqdk fo' ks"k.kgS Av r%rnUrfof/ esa gyUr / krql s; g v FkZ y kHk gS Axq j ks%; g / krqdk fo' ks"k.k gS Ai jUrqrnUrfof/ ughagksrh gSD; ksa fd gyUr/ krqdHkh Hkh xq #eku ughagksrk gS Av r%xq #eku ; g eRoFkhZ ; dh rjg ç; ksx gS Axq # v L; v Lrhfr xq #eku~ Al a ; ksxsxq #] nh?kZ ×p bu l w =kksal sxq #l a KkgksrhgS Axq #l a Kd o.kZft l / krqesagksrkgS og / krqxq #eku~gksrh gS Al w =kkFkZgksrk gS & gyUr xq #l a Kdo.kZ ;q ÙkQ/ krql si jsv çR;; gksrk gS L=khRofof' k"V HkkokFkZesal a Kkfo"k; d drZ `fHkUudkjdkFkZesa Abl l w =kl sfofgr çR;; ÑRl a Kd gksrkgS A ; g ; ksx fÙkQ UçR;; dk v i okn gS A mnkgj . k&bZ gkA lw =kkFkZl eUo; & bg Z~ps"Vk; ke~; g / krqxq #eku~gSv kS j gyUr HkhgS Av r%L=khRofof' k"VHkkokFkZ esaçÑr l w =kl sv çR;; gksusi j bZ g~v ; g ÑnUrl eq nk; gksx; kAi q u%L=khRofoo{kkesav t k| r"Vki ~ bl l sVki djusi j v uq cU/yksi o l o.kZ nh?kZgksusi j bZ gkbl v kcUr' kCn l sçFkek, dopu es al q çR;; o v uq cU/yksi djusi j v i `ÙkQ l dkj dh gYÄ~ ; kfnl w =k l syksi gksusi j bZ gk ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A Mq Ñ×k~dj.ks( rukfn- mHk; - v fuV~ ) bl / krql sgsrq efr p bl l sgsrq eku f.kp~djusi j v uq cU/yksi o o`f¼ esaji jRo esadkfj , slkgksusi j l uk| Urk/ kro%bl l s/ krq la Kkdjusi j çR;; kUr gksusl sL=khRofof' k"VHkkokFkZesav çR;; kr~bl l sv çR;; çkIr gksusi j ; g l w =k v kjEHk gksrk gS &

29-16 . ; kl J UFkks; q p~ AA( 3-3-107) lw =kkFkZ & .; Ur / krql sv kL/ krql sv kS j JUF/ krql s; q p~&çR;; gksosL=khRofof' k"V HkkokFkZesa la Kkfo"k; d drZ `fHkUudkjdkFkZesa A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =ki n}; kRed gS Abl l w =kl s; q PçR;; gksrk gS A.; kl JUFk%( 5@ 1) ;q p~( 1@ 1) ; g l w =kxri nPNsn gS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhuksadkv fèkdkj ; gkav krkgS AfL=k; ke~ ] Hkkos] v drZ fj p dkjosQl a Kk; ke~; srhu l w =kHkhv f/ Ñr gS Av çR;; kr~bl l s a v ( 1@ 1) ; g i n v uq ofrZ r gS A.; kl JUFk%; g / krqdkfo' ks"k.kgS Af.k( f.kp~f.kÄ~ ) ; g çR;; gS A


147


mÙkj ÑnUre~ v r%rnUrfof/ esa.; Ur / krql s; g v FkZ y kHkgS Av kl ~ ] JUFk~; snks/ krq , agS Al w a =kkFkZgksrkgS& gyUr xq #l a Kdo.kZ ;q ÙkQ/ krql si js; q pçR;; gksrkgSL=khRofof' k"V HkkokFkZesal a Kkfo"k; d drZ `fHkUudkjdkFkZ esa Abl l w =kl sfofgr çR;; ÑRl a Kd gksrkgS A; q p osQpdkj dhbRl a KkgyUR;e~l sgq bZ Apdkj dk v uq cU/ fpr%bl l w =kl sv UrksnkÙkLojkFkZgS A; gkaLokfFkd Z f.kp o gsrq eku f.kp gksrkgS A; g v çR;; dk ck/ d gS A mnkgj . k& d kj . kkAgkj . kkA

lw =kkFkZl eUo; & i w okZ sÙkQçdkj l sdkfj bl / krql sv çR;; çkIr gksusi j ml dkv i oknRosu =k l sck/ gksd j ; q p osQv uq cU/yksi gksusi j ; q oksjukdkSbl l s; qosQLFkku i j v ukns'k gksus è; ku nsa % çÑrl w i j dkfj v u , slk gku ss i j .ksjfufV bl l s f.k dk yksi gksus i j dkj~ v u , slk gksus i j ^v V~ dq IokÄ~ uq EO;ok; s¿fi * bl l sudkj osQ.kdkjkns'k gksusi j v t k| r"Vki ~bl l sVki ~v uq cU/yksi o l o.kZ nh?kZdjusi j dkj.kk; g curkgS Arr%bl l eq nk; dkv kcUr l sl q çR;; gksusi j gYÄ~ ; kCH; ks nh?kkZ r ~l q frL; i `ÙkQ agy~bl l sl qdkyq d gksusi j dkj.kk; g : i curkgS Abl hrjg â/ krql sçfØ; k l sgkj.kk ; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS A v c HkkokFkZ d ÙkQ çR;; fu: fi r fd; k t krk gS&

29-17 ui q a l osQHkkosÙkQ % AA( 3-3-114) lw =kkFkZ % & DyhcRofof' k"V Hkko esadkyl kekU; esaÙkQgksosA lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k i n=k; kRed gS Abl l w =k l sÙkQ çR;; gksrk ui q l osQ( 7@ a 1) Hkkos ( 7@ 1) ÙkQ %( 1@ 1) bfr l w =kxri nksadkfoHkfÙkQ funZ s'kgS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhuksadkv f/ dkj ; gkav krk gS AHkkosbl l sHkkol kekU; esa?k×k~dkfo/ ku gS AfL=k; kafÙkQ u~bl l s L=khRofof' k"VHkko esafÙkQ u dk fo/ ku gksrk gS Av r%i kfj' ks"; l si q LRofof' k"VHkko esa?k×k~dkfo/ ku a gS Abl l si w oZfu"BkçR;; fo/ k; dLFky i j HkkokFkZesaÙkQ çR;; dk fo/ ku fd; k x; k gS AfdUrqog Hkw r dkyfof' k"VHkko esafofgr gS A; gkadkyl kekU; esaÙkQ çR;; dk fo/ ku fd; k x; k gS A; g ; gka fo' ks"kgS Al w =kkFkZgksrk gS & ui q l dRofof' k"V HkkokFkZesadkyl kekU; esa/ krql si jsÙkQ a çR;; gksrkgS A bl l w =k l sfofgr çR;; Ñr~frÄ~bl l sÑRl a Kd Hkh gksrk gS A ÙkQ çR;; osQddkj dh bRl a Kk y' kDorf¼rsbl l sgksrh gS A mnkgj . k& gfl r e~ A lw =kkFkZ l eUo; & gfl re~; gkagl gl us( Hokfn- i jLeS - l sV~ ) bl / krql sui q l dRofof' k"V a HkkoFkZesaçÑrl w =k l sÙkQ çR;; o v uq cU/yksi djusi j ^v k/ Z / krq d a' ks"k% * bl l sÙkQ çR;; dh v kèkZ èkkrq d la Kk gksusi j v k/ Z / krq d L; sM~ oykns%bl l sbMkxe gksusi j gfl r ; g curk gS Arr%bl l eq nk; dh ÑnUr gksus l s ^ÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p* bl l s çkfri fnd l a Kk gksus o l q foHkfÙkQdks ui q la d fyÄ~ x esal qdksv ekns'kgksusi j v fe i o wZ %bl l si w oZ : id Skns'kdjusi j gfl re~; g : i afl ¼ gksrk gS A, slk v U;=k Hkh l e>uk pkfg; sA ui q l dRofof' k"V esaHkkokFkZesaY; q a V~ çR;; osQfo/ ku osQfy; s; g l w =k çkjEHk gksrk gS&

29-18 Y; q V~pAA( 3-3-115) 148


mÙkj ÑnUre~ lw =kkFkZ % & DyhcRofof' k"V Hkko esaY; q V~gksosA lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k f}i nkRed gS Abl l w =k l sY; q V~ çR;; gksrk gS AY; q V~( 1@ 1) p ( v O;; e~ ) ;gl w =kxri nksadkfoHkfÙkQfunZ s'kgS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhuksa ; gkav f/ Ñr gS Aui q la osQHkkosÙkQ %bl l w =kl sui q l osQ( 7@ a 1) Hkkos( 7@ 1) bu nksuksai nksadhv uq o`fÙk v krhgS Al w =kkFkZgksrkgS& ui q l dRo fof' k"V HkkokFkZesa/ krql si jsY; q a V~ çR;; gksosAbl l w =kl sfofgr çR;; Ñr~frÄ~bl l sÑRl a Kd HkhgksrkgS AY; q V~ çR;; osQydkj dhbRl a Kky' kDorf¼rsbl l s] v kS j Vdkj dhgyUR;e~bl l sgksrhgS Aml l s; q &ek=kcprkgS AY; q VosQVdkjkuq cU/ gku ssl sfVî ô k.k×kkfnl w =k l sÄhfCo/ ku osQfy; s] ydkjkuq cU/ v kS j fyfr bl l sv k| q nkÙkLojkFkZgS A mnkgj . k&gl ue~ A


è; ku nsa %

lw =kkFkZ l eUo; & gl ue~; gkagl gl us( Hokfn- i jLeS - l sV~ ) bl / krql sui q la d Hkko esa çÑrl w =kl sY; q V~ çR;; o vuq cU/yksi gksusi j gl ~; q, lskcurkgS Arr%; qbl osQLFkku i j ; q oksjukdkS bl l sv u~v kns'k gksusi j gl ~v u~, slk gksrk gS A v kS j bl l eq nk; dh ÑnUr gksusosQdkj.k ÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l sçkfri fnd l a Kkgq bZ Arr%HkkosY; q MUr%( fyÄ~ xkuq ' kkl ue~& 119) bl opu l sHkkokFkZesafofgr Y; q MUr ' kCn ui q l dfyÄ~ a x esaç; q ÙkQgksrk gS Aml l sui q la d fyÄ~ x esal q foHkfÙkQ osQl qdksv ekns'kgksd kj v fe i w oZ %bl l si w oZ : i , dkns'kgksusi j gl ue~; g : i fl ¼ gksrkgS A, slk v U;=k Hkhl e>uk pkfg; sA

29-19 gy ' pAA( 3-3-121) lw =kkFkZ & gyUr / krql s?k×k~ çR;; gksrk gS A lw =kO;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k i n}; kRed gS Abl l w =k l s?k×k~ çR;; gksrk gS Agy%( 5@ 1) p ( v O;; e~ ) ;g l w =kxri nPNsn gS Adj.kkf/ dj.k; ks'p ; gkal sdj.kkf/ dj.k; ks%( 7@ 2) bl i n dh v uq o`fÙk v krh gS Av osLr`L=kks?kZ ×k~; gkal s?k×k~( 1@ 1) bl i n dh v uq o`fÙk v krh gS Ai q fl ( 7@ a 1) la Kk; ke~( 7@ 1) ?k%( 1@ 1) çk; s.k( 3@ 1) bl dhv uq o`fÙkv krhgS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhuksai nksadkv f/ dkj v krkgS AHkkos] v drZ fj p dkjosQl a Kk; ke~bu nksuksal w =kksadh v uq o`fÙkv krhgS Agy%; g / krqdkfo' ks"k.kgS Aml l srnUrfof/ esagyUr / krql s; g v FkZ y kHkgS A lw =kkFkZgksrk gS & dj.kdkjd o v f/ dj.kdkjd esagyUr / krql s?k×k~ çR;; gksrk gSi q LRofof' k"Vl a a Kk xE; eku gksusi jAi q fl l a a Kk; ke~?k%çk; s.kbl l w =kl sçkIr ?kçR;; dkv i okn gS; g ?kçR;; Abl l s fofgr çR;; ÑnfrÄ~bl l sÑRl a Kd çR;; gkrsk gS A mnkgj . k& j eUrs; ksfxuks¿fLefUufr j ke%( n' kj Fkuke/ s;) v Fkokj er sy ksd ks¿fLefUufr j ke%n' kj FkuUnu% A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & jke ; gkajeqØhMk; ke~bl gyUr/ krql s( Hokfn- v kReus-v fuV~ ) çÑr l w =k l sv f/ dj.kdkjd esa?k×k~osQv uq cU/yksi gksusi j v r%mi / k; k%bl l s/ krqdh mi / ko`f¼ gksus i j jke ; g i n curk gS Arr%bl l eq nk; dk ÑnUrRo gksusl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l sçkfri fnd la Kk esal fqoHkfÙkQgksusi j jke%; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A


149


mÙkj ÑnUre~

i kBxr i z'u&3 19- L=khfyÄ~ x esaHkko esadkS u&l k çR;; gksrk gS \ 20- fL=k; kafÙkQ u~bl dk mnkgj.k D; k gS \ 21- v çR;; kr~bl dk D; k v FkZgS 22- xq j ks'p gy%bl dk D; k v FkZgS \

è; ku nsa % 23- .; kl JUFkks; qp~bl dk D; k v FkZgS \ 24- ui q l osQHkkosÙkQ a %bl dk D; k v FkZgS \ 25- Y; q V~p bl dk D; k v FkZgS \ 26- gyUr / krql s?k×k~çR;; fo/ k; d l w =k dkS u&l k gS \ 27- fpdh"kkZ; gkadku S&l k ÑRçR;; gS \ 28- dkj.kk] gkj.kk bR;kfn esadkS u&l k ÑRçR;; gS \ 29- gfl re~; gkadku S&l k ÑRçR;; gSv kS j fdl l s\ 30- gl ue~; gkadkS u&l k ÑRçR;; gSv kS j fdl l s\ 31- gy' p bl dk D; k mnkgj.k gS \ v c v R;Ur çfl ¼ ÙkQ ~ ok &çR;; dk fu: i .k fd; k t krk gS&

29-20 v y a • Yoks%çfr "ks/ ; ks%çkpkaÙkQ okAA( 3-4-18) lw =kkFkZ & çfr"ks/kFkZ d v yav kS j • yqosQmi i n jgrsÙkQ ~ ok çR;; gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k i nprq "V; kRed gS Abl l w =k l sÙkQ ~ okçR;; gksrk gS Av ya • Yoks% ( 7@ 2) çfr"ks/; ks%( 7@ 2) çkpka( 6@ 1) ÙkQ ~ ok ( 1@ 1) ; g l w =kxri nPNsn gS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j% ( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhuksadkv f/ dkj ; gkav krkgS Avyap • yqp v ya • yw ] r; ks%v ya • Yoks% bfr brjs r j; ksx}U} l ekl gS Av ya • Yoks%; g l IrE; Ur i n gS Av r%r=kksii nal IrehLFke~bl os Qvuq l kj mi i n gS Al w =kkFkZ & çfr"k/skFkZesaorZ eku v ya • yqosQmi i n jgrs/ krql si jsÙkQ ~ okçR;; gksosAv kS j ;g v FkZçkphu v kpk; k± sosQ}kjkv kfo"Ñr gS ] mudkl ekEuk; l w =kesav kpk; Zi kf.kfu usçkpkaxzg.kfd; k gS AÙkQ ~ ok ; gkaddkj dh bRl a Kk y' kDorf¼rsbl l w =k l sgksrh gS Aml l sRok ; gh ' ks"k cprk gS A ddkjkuq cU/ xq . ko`f¼fu"k/s l Eçl kj.kkfndk; ZosQfy; sgS AÙkQ okrkslq UDol q u%bl l sÙkQ okUr dhv O;; la Kk] ÙkQ okçR;; dhÑr~frÄ~bl l sÑRla Kd HkhgS AvO;; Ñr Hkkosbl l s; g çR;; Hkko es agksrkgS A mnkgj . k& v y anÙokAi hRok • y q A lw =kkFkZl eUo; % & v yanÙok bl mnkgj.k esav ye~; g fu"ks/kFkZ d v O;; mi i n gS Av r% Mq nk×k~nkus( t q gksR;kfn- mHk; - v fuV~ ) bl / krql sçÑrl w =kl sHkko esaÙkQ okçR;; o v uq cU/yksi gksus i j / krqosQv uq nkÙkgksusosQdkj.kbV~ fu"ks/ gku ssi j nksnn~ ?kks%bl l snkbl osQLFkku i j nn ; g l okZ n'sk 150


mÙkj ÑnUre~ gksusi j • fj p bl l spRoZgksusi j v ye~nÙok; g ç; ksx curkgS Arr%bl l eq nk; dhÑnUr gksus osQdkj.k ÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l sçkfri fndl a Kkgksusi j v kS Rl fxZ d çFkeS d opu esal q foHkfÙkQgksrh gS AÙkQ okrkslU qDol u q%bl l sÙkQ okUr dhv O ;;l K akgku ssi j vO;; knkIl q i %bl l sl qdkyq d ~v kjSv O ;; gksusosQdkj.kv ye~bl osQi nkUredkj dkseks¿uq Lokj%bl l sv uq Lokj gksusi j v yanÙok ; g ç; ksx curkgS A


i hRok• yqbl mnkgj.kesav ye~; g fu"ks/kFkZ d v O;; gSo mi i n gS Av r%i ki kus( Hokfni jLeS - v fuV~ ) bl / krql sçÑrl w =k l sHkko esaÙkQ okçR;; gksusi j v uq cU/yksi djusi j / krqosQ v uq nkÙk gksusl sbV~ fu"ks/ gksrk gS A rr%gykfn fdr~v k/ Z / krq d ÙkQ okçR;; i jsgS, slk djosQ a % ?ke qkLFkkxki kt gkfrl kagfy bl l w =k l si k bl osQv kdkj osQLFkku i j bZ d kjkns'k gksusi j i w oZ or~ è; ku ns foHkfÙkQ dk; Zgksusi j i hRok • yq; g ç; ksx fl ¼ gksrk gS A v c ÙkQ okçR;; fo/ k; d v rho çfl ¼ l w =k v kjEHk gksrk gS&

29-21 l ekud r Z `d ; ks%i w oZ d ky sAA( 3-4-21) lw =kkFkZ & l eku drkZokys/ krql si w oZ d ky esafo| eku / krql sÙkQ ~ ok çR;; gksrk gS A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k i n}; kRed gS Abl l w =k l sÙkQ okçR;; gksrk gS Al ekudrZ `d ; ks% ( 6@ 2 &fu/ kZ j .ks"k"Bh@ l Ireh) i w oZ d kys( 7@ 1) ; g l w =kxr i nksadk foHkfÙkQ funZ s'k gS Av ya • Yoks% çfr"ks/; ks%çkpkaÙkQ ok; gkal sÙkQ ok( 1@ 1) bl dhv uq o`fÙkv krhgS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] / krks%( 5@ 1) bu rhuksadkv f/ dkj ; gkav krkgS AHkkos] v drZ fj p dkjosQl a Kk; ke~bu nksuksal w =kksadk v uq orZ u ; gkagksrk gS Al eku%drkZ; ; ks%rkSl ekudrZ `d kSr; ks%l ekudrZ `d ; ks%bfr cgq ozhfg l ekl % A iw oZ ' pkl kSdky%i w oZ d ky% Al w =k esav f/ Ñr / krks%bl dk / kRoFkZ; g v FkZgS Arr%/ kRoFkZ d l kFk l ekudrZ `d ; ks% ] iw oZ d kysbu nksuksadk l EcU/ gksrk gS Al w =kkFkZgksxk& l ekudrkZokys/ kRoFkZdk t ks / kRoFkZgSi w oZ d ky esaorZ eku r}kpd / krql sÙkQ okçR;; gksosAbl l w =k l sfofgr çR;; Ñr~frÄ~ bl l sÑRl K ad gksrk gS A mnkgj . k& Hkq ÙkQ ok ozt fr A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & Hkq ÙkQ ~ ok ozt fr ; gkaHkkts ufØ; k v kS j xeufØ; k ; snksfØ; k, agS Av kS j ogka Hkkst ufØ; k i w oZ d kfyd gSD; ksa fd drkZv kfn v kS j ml fØ; k dksdjrk gS A v r%i w oZ d kfyd Hkkst ufØ; kokpd Hkq t ~/ krqdk ( Hkq t i kyukyO;ogkj; ks%#/ kfn- i jLeS - v fuV~ ) çÑrl w =k l s ÙkQ ~ okçR;; o v uq cU/yksi gksusi j pks%dq %bl l st dkj dksxdkj gksusi j • fj p bl l sxdkj dks ddkj gksusi j Hkq ÙkQ ok; g curkgS Arr%Hkq ÙkQ okbl l eq nk; dkÑnUr gku ssl sÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l s çkfri fnd l K akgksusi j v kS Rl fxZ d çFkek, dopu esav kS j ml dkyq d gksusi j Hkq ÙkQ ok; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS AÙkQ ~ okçR;; oykfn v k/ Z / krq d çR;; gS Av r%bMkxe v kS j y?kw i / xq . k çkIr gS AogkabV dk , dkp mi ns'ks¿uq nkÙkkr~bl l sfu"ks/ gksrkgS AÙkQ okfdr gksusos Qdkj.kfDÄfr p bl l sxq . kfu"ks/ gksrk gS At gkav usd / kRoFkZgS AogkaHkht ksi w a oZ d kfyd / kRoFkZgSr}kpd / krq v ksal sÙkQ okçR;; gksrk gS A ml l sHkÙ qkQ ok i hRok ozt fr bR;kfn ç; ksx fl ¼ gksrsgS A a l ekl esaÙkQ ok osQLFkku i j Y; ckns'k djusosQfy; s; g l w =k v kjEHk gksrk gS&


151


mÙkj ÑnUre~

29-22 l ekl s¿u×i w oZ sÙkQ oksY; i ~ AA( 7-1-37) lw =kkFkZ & v O;; i w oZi n gksusi j v u×k~ l ekl esaÙkQ ok dksY; ckns'k gksrk gS A

lw =kO;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =ki nprq "V; kRed gS Abl l = wkl sY; i ~v kns'kgksrkgS Al ekl s( 7@ 1) v u×k~ iw oZ s(7@ 1) ÙkQ o%( 6@ 1) Y; i ~(1@ 1) bfr l w =kxri nPNsn% Au u×k~v u×k~bfr u×k~ r Riq #"kl ekl % A v u×k~i w oZ e~( i w oZ i ne~ ) ; fLeu~l %v u×k~ iw oZ % ArfLeu~v u×k~ iw oZ sbfr cgq ozhfg l ekl gS Av u×k~ iw oZ; g l ekl dkfo' ks"k.k gS Av u×k~; g i ; Z nkl çfr"ks/ gS q Ai ; Z nkl l n`' kxzkghgS q Av r%u×k~bl l srn~fHkUu rRl n`' kdkghxzg.kgS Au×k~; g v O;; gS Al w =kkFkZgksxk& ft l l ekl esau×k~fHkUu u×k~ l n`' kokfHkUu è; ku nsa % dksbZv O;; i w oZ i n gksrkgSrksml l ekl esamÙkji nLFkÙkQ ~ ok osQLFkku i j Y; i ~; g v kns'k gksrkgS A ÙkQ okv k/ Z / krq d fdRçR;; gS Av r%ml osQLFkku i j fo/ h; eku Y; ckns'kHkhLFkkfuonkns'kk¿ sufYoèkkS bl l sçR;; ] fdr~ ] v kS j v k/ Z / krq d gS AÙkQ okrkslq UDol q u%bl l sÙkQ okUr dhv O;; l a KkgSv r%Y; cUr dhv O;; l a KkgS AY; i osQçR;; l a Kd gksusosQdkj.ky' kDorf¼rsbl l sydkj dhbRl a Kko i dkj dh gyUR;e~bl l sbRl a Kk gq bZ A ml l s; &ek=k ' ks"k jgrk gS A Y; i ~osQv usd ky gksusosQdkj.k v usd kfY' kRl oZ L; bl l sl okZ ns'k gq v k gS A i dkjkuq cU/ fi Rdk; kZ FkZgS A ydkjkuq cU/ fyfr bl l s v k| q nkÙkLojkFkZgS A mnkgj . k & çÑR;A lw =kkFkZl eUo; & ( çd"kZ s.kÑRok) çÑR; ; gkaMq Ñ×k~dj.ks( rukfn- mHk; - v fuV~ ) bl / krq l si w oZ d ky esal ekudrZ `d ; ks%i w oZ d kysbl l sÙkQ okçR;; osQv uq cU/yksi gksusi j ÙkQ okosQv k/ Z / krq d gksusosQdkj.k v k/ Z / krq d L; sM~ oykns%bl l sbMkxe çkIr gksusi j , dkp mi ns'k¿uq nkÙkkr~bl l sru~ fu"ks/ esafdÙo gksusosQdkj.k v k/ Z / krq d xq . k dk fu"ks/ Ñ Rok ; g curk gS Arr%ç bl v O;; osQ l kFkÑRokbl dkdq xfrçkn; %bl l sçkfnl ekl gS Al ekl esaç ÑRok; gkaç ; g v O;; gS Av kS j ;g u×k l sfHkUu gS Av r%mÙkjnLFk ÙkQ ok osQLFkku i j Y; ckns'k o v uq cU/yksi djusi j ç Ñ ; , slk gksusi j ßLoL; fi fr Ñfr rq d ~bl l srq xkxe o v uq cU/yksi gksusi j fdÙo gksusl sv k| UrkSVfdrkS bl i fjHkk"kkl sv UR;ko; o esaç Ñ r~; ; g curkgS Av kS j bl l eq nk; dkl ekl Ro gksusosQdkj.k ÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l sçkfri fndl a Kkgksusi j v kS Rl fxZ d çFkek, dopu esal q foHkfÙkQesaY; cUr dh v O;; l a Kk gksusl sv O;; knkIl q i %bl l sl qosQyq d gksusi j çÑR; ; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS A ; gkafo' ks"k gS & / krqosQl kFk t c mi l xZ ; ksx gksrk gSrc Y; IçR;; gksrk gS AosQ oy / krql s rksÙkQ okçR;; ; g fo' k"sk gS; gka A .keq YçR;; fo/ k; d v fxze l w =k çkjEHk gksrk gS&

29-23 v kHkh{. ; s. keq y ~pAA( 3-4-22) lw =kkFkZ & v kHkh{.; xE; eku gksusi j i w oZ fo"k; esa.keq y ~v kS j ÙkQ ok çR;; gksrsgS A a lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =ki n=k; kRed gS Abl l w =kl s.keq YçR;; gksrkgS Av kHkh{.; s( 7@ 1) .keq y ~( 1@ 1) p ( v O;; Ek~ ) bfr l w =kxr i nksadk foHkfÙkQ funZ s'k gS AçR;; %( 1@ 1) ] i j%( 1@ 1) ] èkkrks%( 5@ 1) budkv f/ dkj ; gkav rkgS Al ekudrZ `d ; ks%( 7@ 2) i w oZ d kys( 7@ 1) bu nksuka sl w =kksadk v uq orZ u gS Av ya • Yoks%çfr"ks/; ks%çkpkaDok; gkal sÙkQ ~ ok( 1@ 1) bl i n dhv uq o`fÙkv krhgS Abl lw =k l sfofgr çR;; ÑRl a Kd gksrk gS A v Hkh{.ke~v FkkZ r iq u%i q u% A i kS u% iq U; xE; eku gksusi j 152


mÙkj ÑnUre~ l ekudrZ `d / kRoFkZdk t ks/ kRoFkZi w oZ d ky esaorZ eku gksrk gSr}kpd / krql si js.keq YçR;; v kS j ÙkQ ~ okçR;; gko ssA.keq y os Qydkj dhgyUR;e~l sbRl a Kkv kS j ] .kdkj dhpq Vwbl l sAmdkj mPpkj.kkFkZ gS A rsu v e~ &ek=k ' ks"k jgrk gS A .kdkjkuq cU/ o`f¼; q xkxe osQfy; sA ydkjkuq cU/%fyfr bl mnkÙkLojkFkZgS A


mnkgj . k& Lekje~Lekje~uefr f' koEk~ A; gkaLe`fpUrk; ke~( Hokfn- i jLeS - v fuV~ ) ; g / krq ] ue~( .ke çÞoRos' kCnsp] Hokfn- i jLeS - v fuV~ ) v kS j ; g / krq nksuksagh v fi l ekudrZ `d gS A; gka a Le`èkkRoFkZLej.kdki w oZ d kfyd gSv kS j Le`/ kRoFkZdki kS u% iq U; xE; eku gS Av r%çÑrl w =kl sLe`èkkrq l si ; kZ ; l s.keq y ~v kS j ÙkQ ok çR;; gksrsgS A.keq a Yi {k esav uq cU/yksi gksusi j Le` v e~, slk gksusi j è; ku nsa % .keq y ~osQf.kr~gksusosQdkj.kv pksf×k~ . kfr bl l sv t UrkÄ~ x dkso`f¼ gksd j Lekje~; g curkgS Abl l eq nk; dkl ekl Ro gksusosQdkj.kÑÙkf¼rl ekl k' p bl l sçkfri fndl a Kkgksusi j ÑUest Ur%bl l s v O;; l a Kk gksusi j v kS Rl fxZ d çFkek , dopu esal q foHkfÙkQesav O;; knkIl q i %bl l sl qosQyq d gksus i j Lekje~; g : i fl ¼ gksrk gS Arr%bl ÑnUr osQf}RokFkZosQfy; sv fxzel w =k v kjEHk gksrk gS&

29-24 fuR;ohIl ; ks% AA( 8-1-4) lw =kkFkZ & v kHkh{.; sohIl k; kap | ksR;si nL; f}RoaL; kr~ A lw =k O;k[ ; k& ; g fof/ l w =k , di nkRed gS A bl l w =k l sf}Ro gksrk gS A fuR;ohIl ; ks%; g l Irehf}opukUr i n gS Ai nL; ( 6@ 1) ; g v f/ dkjl w =k gS Al oZ L; ( 6@ 1) }s( 1@ 2) bu nksuksadk v fèkdkj ; gkav rkgS AfuR;ap ohIl kp fuR;ohIl sr; ks%fuR;ohIl ; ks%bfr brjsrj; kxs}U} l ekl A; gka fuR;' kCn dki kS u% iq U; ; g v FkZgS AO;kIrq e~bPNkohIl kAfdl hxq . kl sv FkokfØ; k l sv usd v Fkks± dksO;kIr dj foo{kkgSrksohIl k dgykrkgS AfuR;ohIl ; ks%v FkZesa| ksfrr l Ei w . kZi n osQLFkku i j nks' kCn: i esav kns'k gksrsgS a; g l w =kkFkZgS Abl l sml ÑnUri n dh nksckj v ko`fÙk gksrh gS A mnkgj . k& v kHkh{.; frÄUrksaesav O;; l a Kdksaesao ÑnUrksaesaghl a Hko gksrkgS Ai pfr i pfrA i Bfr i BfrA; sfrÄUr osQmnkgj.k gS Av O;; l a KdÑnUr dk mnkgj.k & LekjaLekjauefr f' koEA Le`Rok Le`RokAbfrA lw =kkFkZl eUo; % &i w oksÙ ZkQçdkj l sLekje~bl dkvO;; l a KdÑnUr gku ssos Qdkj.kLFkkfuon~ Hkko l si nl a Kd gksusosQdkj.kfuR;ohIl ; ks%; g Lekje~f}Ro djusesaeks¿uq Lokj LekjaLekjauefr f' koe~ ; g ç; ksx gksrk gS A v kHkh{.; s.keq y ~p bl osQ; ksx l s.keq y ~os Ql kFkÙkQ okçR;; dkHkhfo/ ku fd; kx; kgS Av r% ÙkQ okçR;; esaLe`Rokbl v O;; l a Kdi n gksusl sçÑrl w =kl sf}Ro gksusi j Le`RokLe`Rokuefr f' koe~ ; g ç; ksx Hkh curk gS Abl h rjg v U;=k Hkh l e>uk pkfg; sA

i kBxr i z'u&4 32- v ya • Yoks%çfr"ks/; ks%çkpkaÙkQ ok bl l = wk l sdkS u l k ÑRçR;; gksrk gS \ 33- v ya • Yoks%çfr"ks/; ks%çkpkaÙkQ ok bl l = wk esaçkpka xzg.ke~fodYi kFkZgSv Fkok i w T; kFkZ \ 34- l ekudrZ `d ; ks%i w oZ d kysbl dk D; k v FkZgS \ 35- ÙkQ ok&çR;; osQLFkku i j Y; ckns'kfo/ k; d l w =k dkS u&l k gS \


153


mÙkj ÑnUre~ 36- v kHkh{.; s.keq y ~p bl dk D; k v FkZgS \ 37- fuR;ohIl ; ks%bl l w =k l sD; k fofgr gksrk gS \ 38- v kHkh{.; s.keq y ~p bl dk D; k mnkgj.k gS \

i kB l kj bl i kB esarq eU qçR;; fdl v FkZesagksrk gSbl l sl EcfU/r ppkZv kfn esagh dh xbZgS A =kl ksnkgj.kcrk; sx; sgS Arr%HkkokFkZesa?k×k~ a çR;; oS Q l sgksrkgS; g crk; k è; ku nsa % rqeqUçR;; fo"k; esai kap l w x; k gS Abl osQv uUrj v p~&v i ~&uÄ~&fd ; sçR;; l l w =k O;k[ ; kf; r gS ArnuqL=khRofof' k"V Hkk a esadrZ `fHkUudkjd esafÙkQ u~&v &; q p~bR;kfn çR;; ksaos Qç; ksx oS Q l sgksrsgS a; g l foLrj pfpZ r gS AHkko esaHkhÙkQ çR; gksrk gS, slkdgk x; k gS Arr%çÑR; bl mnkgj.ki q j Ll j ÙkQ okY; IçR;; fo"k; d ppkZ dhxbZgS Av kS j v Ur esaLekje~Lekje~uefr f' koe~; gka .keq YçR;; oS Q l sgksrkgS; g çnf' kZ r fd; k x; kgS A

i kBkUr i z'u 1-

rq eq U.oq y kSfØ; k; kafØ; kFkkZ ; ke~bl l w =k dksl ksnkgj.k crkb, A

2-

' kd/ `"kKkXyk?kVjHkyHkØel gkgkZ LR;FkZ s"kqrq eq u~bl l w =kdksl ksnkgj.kcrkb, A

3-

rq eUçR;; fo"k; esay?kq çcU/ fyf• , A

4-

Hkko esa?k×k~ çR;; fo"k; d y?kq çcU/ fyf• , A

5-

mi l xZ s?kks%fd%bl l w =k dh l ksnkgj.k O;k[ ; k dhft , A

6-

v çR;; kr~bl l w =k dksl ksnkgj.k crkb, A

7-

fL=k; kafÙkQ u~bl l w =k dh l ksnkgj.k O;k[ ; k dhft , A

8-

.; kl JUFkks; q p~bl l w =k dh l ksnkgj.k O;k[ ; k dhft , A

9-

v ya • Yoks%çfr"k/s; ks%çkpkaÙkQ ~ ok bl l w =k dhl ksnkgj.k O;k[ ; k dhft , A

10- l ekudrZ `d ; ks%i w oZ d kysbl l w =k dh l ksnkgj.k O;k[ ; k dhft , A 11- l ekl s¿u×k~ iw oZ sÙkQ ~ oksY; i ~bl l w =k dhl ksnkgj.k O;k[ ; k dhft , A 12- v kHkh{.; s.keq y ~p bl l w =k dhl ksnkgj.k O;k[ ; k dhft , A 13- Ñ".kaæ"Vq a; kfrAHkksÙkQ e~dky% q AHkksÙkQ e~bPNfrAHkksÙkQ q e~' kDuksfrAHkksÙkQ q e~i Vq q % Abu okD; ka sesa rq eq UuUr dk ç; kxs oS Q l sgq v k gS A 14- i kd% ] jkx% ] dj%budh : i fl f¼ dhft , A 15- mi kf/ %bl dh : i fl f¼ dhft , A 154


mÙkj ÑnUre~ 16- ç' u%bl dh : i fl f¼ dhft , A


17- fpdh"kkZbl dh : i fl f¼ dhft , A 18- dkj.kk bl dh : i fl f¼ dhft , A 19- gfl re~ ] gl ue~budh : i fl f¼ dhft , A 20- Hkq ÙkQ ~ ok ozt fr ; gkaÙkQ ~ okçR;; oS Q l sgS A 21- çÑR; bl dh : i fl f¼ dhft , A 22- Lekje~Lekje~uefr f' koe~; gkaLekje~Lekje~; g ç; ksx oS Q l scuk gS A

è; ku nsa %


fØ; kFkkZfØ; k osQmi i n jgrsHkfo"; fr v FkZesa/ krql srq eq U.oq y ~çR;; gksrsgS A a

2-

dkykFkZmi i n jgrsrq eq UçR;; gksrk gS A

3-

bPNkFks"Zosd drZ `d mi i n jgrs/ krql srq eq u gksosA

4-

i ; kZ fIr%i w . kZ r kAr}kfp l keF; Z opu osQmi i n jgrsrq eq u~çR;; gksosA

5-

fdl hfØ; k dhfl f¼ esat c v i jk fØ; k dht krh gSrc og fØ; k i w oZ fØ; k dh fd; kFkkZ fØ; k dgykrh gS A

6-

Ñ".kaæ"Vq a; kfrAÑ".kan' kZ d ks; kfrA

7-

dky%l e; ksosy k ok HkksÙkQ e~ q A

8-

bPNfr HkksÙkQ e~ q Aof"V HkksÙkQ e~ q Aok×k~ Nfr HkksÙkQ e~ q A

9-

iw . krZkA

10- i ; kZ Ir% ] çoh.k% ] dq ' ky% ] i Vq %bR;kfn i ; kZ fIropu l keF; Z opu mi i n' kCn gS A mÙkj &2 11- fl ¼koLFkki Uuk fØ; k Hkko gS A 12- ?k×k~ A 13- uyksiA 14- , jp~bl l sv PçR;; gksrk gS A 15- ?o.kkZ Ur o mo.kkZ Ur l sv i ~çR;; A 16- ; t ; kp; rfoPNçPNj{kksuÄ~bl l suÄ~ çR;; gksrkgS A 17- mi l xZmi i n jgrs?kq la Kd/ krql sfdçR;; gksosHkko esal a Kkfo"k; ddrZ `fHkUudkjd esa A


155


mÙkj ÑnUre~ 18- mi kf/ % ] fof/ % ] l fU/%bR;kfnA mÙkj &3 19- fÙkQ u~ A 20- Ñfr% ] Lrq fr% A 21- çR;; kUr / krq v ka sl sfL=kfya Ä~ x esav çR;; gksrk gS A 22- xq #eku gyUr l sfL=kfya Ä~ x esav dkj çR;; gksrk gS A

j JUF/ krq l s ; q p~çR;; gksos L=khRofof' k"V HkkokFkZesa è; ku nsa % 23- .; Ur / krql s v kL/ krql s v kS la Kkfo"k; ddrZ `fHkUudkjdkFkZesa A

24- DyhcRofof' k"V Hkko esadkyl kekU; esaÙkQgksrk gS A 25- DyhcRofof' k"V Hkko esaY; q V~gksrk gS A 26- gy' pA 27- v &çR;; A 28- ; p q~ A 29- ui q l osQHkkosÙkQ a %bl l sÙkQ çR;; A 30- Y; q V~p bl l sY; q V~ çR;; A 31- jke% A mÙkj &4 32- ÙkQ okA 33- i w T; kFkZ A 34- l ekudrZ `d / kRoFkZesai w oZ d ky esafo| eku / krql sÙkQ ok çR;; gksrk gS A 35- l ekl s¿u×k~ iw oZ sÙkQ ~ oksY; i ~ A 36- i kS u% iq U; xE; eku gksusi j l ekudrZ `d / kRoFkZosQjgrst ks/ kRoFkZi w oZ d ky esaorZ eku gksrkgS r}kpd / krql si js.keq YçR;; o ÙkQ okçR;; gksrk gS A 37- i n dksf}RoA 38- Lekje~Lekje~uefr f' koe~ A

156


j kf"Vª; eq ÙkQfo| ky ; hf' k{kk l a LFkku ekè; fed d {kk gsrqi kB~ ; Øe la LÑr O;kd j . k ( 246) v kS fpR; Hkkoksadkv knku&çnku ghHkk"kkdgykrhgS AHkk"kkdhmUufr l ekt dhmUufr dkl a d sr djrhgS Al ekt v i usmUur fofoèk HkkoksadksçdV djusdsfy, Hkk"kk dk O;ogkj djrk gS A; fn Hkk"kk esa=kq fV gksrksHkko dsçdV gksusesadfBurk gksrhgS Arc Hkk"kk fo}ku v kS j Hkk"kkO;ogkj drkZHkk"kkesai fjorZ u djrsgS AHkk"kkdhmi ; ksfxrkdksc

SANSKRIT GRAMMAR

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