270
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
These aspects are therefore omitted, in favor of a basic review of the rhealogy of inks and the principles governing their behavior on the printing press, their transfer to paper, and their subsequent drying on the printed surface. On the whole, the book fulfills this mission well, and is a useful contribution to ink literature. The author is to be oaneratulated on orovinn - his ooint that the m t of ink making is gradually maturing into a science, though still far from this final goal. Part I of the book, 86 pages, deals with the behavior of ink on the press up to the instant of impression. The all-important flow properties of inks and the modes of separation of films a t the vari& points of contact between rollers, printing surface, and paper are fully discussed, with mathematical treatment and numerous graphs wherever warranted by known data. Instrumentation and methods of measurement are described. The author's claim that viscoelastic behavior explains high-. speed film splitting seems well supported, but will be challenged in some quarters. Causes of, and some ways of relieving, troublesome "ink flying" are considered. Part 11, 118 pages, goes into the relationships of ink and paper: halftone reproduction, contrast and coverage, penetration, prinbthrough, ink transfer, picking, offset, and drying by the various physical and chemical processes. As is natural, the viewpoint here is that of the ink, rather than of the paper technician; one could wish that something more of the possibilities of adaptation of paper to ink, rather than the reverse, had been brought out. The book is very well written in the main, hut there are a few obscure or incorrect statements. The one on page 60 that in multicolor printing each impressed 6lm must have a more pronounced resistance to film separation than the one immediately preceding it, is properly contradicted an page 147. And on page 192,Dr. Voet hardly'meant to say that "prints of 3 micron thickness did not require a longer drying time than inks of about twice this film thickness." For his oxygen availability test a t this point, he would undoubtedly use his glass plates to confcne prints between unprinted sheets, rather than to "separate" them. There are very few typographical errors.
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CHARLES R. BRAGDON L~nc~rnow*, NEW Yonn
TEXTILE CHEMICALS AND AUXILIARIES Edited by Henry C.Speel, Consulting Chemist, R. S. Aries and Associates, New York, N. Y. Reinhold Publishing Corp., New Yolk, 1952. v 493 pp. 45 figs. 35 tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $10.
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ANYONE interested in gaining an introductory knowledge of the textile industry, the chemical industry's best customer, will Iind this book an excellent place to start. The book is divided into two parts, and the 142 pages of Part I constitute the best short introduction to textile science to come to the attention of the reviewer. I t is recommended to the teacher of home economics as well as the general chemistry teacher, for it covers the whole field of textile science, not just chemistry. The information is up to date and includes data. on many of the new synthetic fibers, foreign and domestic. Some of the theories are presented BR if they were universally accepted, although textile chemists are actually still undecided between alternate theories. The 15 chapters of Pert I1 discuss the "Raw materials in fabric processing," covering the well-known materials such as water and starch, as well as the more specidbed substance like
names are so frequently mentioned will be of value to many workers. I t should be noted that the names given are always those used in industry, not those known to the retail trade, so the teacher of home economies will he helped less than the worker in the textile industry. As in any book written by various authors, differences in ar-
rangement and emphasis exist between the chapters, but the editor has done an excellent job of keeping them at a minimum. The bibliographies at the ends of the chapters are well chosen and should be entirely adequate for those who wish to go more extensively into any subject. WILLIAM G . CHACE I~s~mti~r; Lowem T e x n ~ n L O W ~ LM*ss*cause~~s L
0
A LABORATORY MANUAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
D. Wright Wilson, Benjamin Rush Professor of Physiological Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania. Seventh edition. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1952. 293 pp. 15.5 X 23.5 Em.
$3.25.
INTHIS new edition of Wilson's laboborstory manual (the first edition was published in 1928) a number of experiments previously included have been omitted, some experiments have been modified, and several new experiments added. The section on the cell nucleus, contributed by Walter Jones, has been retained. Quantitative photometric experiments are described for the KletLSummerson instrument. The author continues to state that the manual "is intended to be used ss a teaching manual and not as a comprehensive reference book. . . .we have found no difficulty in using this manual in our medical, dental and veterinary courses." The book is still printed on one side of the paper, the right hand page remaining blank far note-taking. This practice has borne much criticism in the past. It is this reviewer's feeling that where a series of short experiments involve only a brief procelure and one or possibly two results are concerned a blank page bound in the text offersmany advantages over the notebook write-up. In such experiments the student finds it convenient for quick reference and study to paraphrase the experiment into one or two brief sentences; in same case3 schemata are valuable; and often a chemical equation may suffice. The blank page a p posit? the text of the experiment is ideal for this purpose. The first 40 pages (actually 23 pages of text) are devoted to a review of qualitative tests far certain inorganic constituents, rmrtinnq of-rertnirt orgnnir groups, stmdnrrlizatiou oi arid nnd h a w , rlrrtndytic diesorintion t h w r y , 2nd rolloirlp. Some of this nuttrrial could bc in4u.lrrl with urofit in thv rrrtions uhrrc i t applies, while the quantitative andysis theory and practice might well he left in texts covering that material. The student has presumably been led through a course in' quantitative analysis and either owns texts on the subject or is in a position to consult them effectively. There could be a tendency on the part of the student to wonder why he must perform 23 pages of preliminary work. He is in all probability discussing carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in lecture during this period. Assuredly, this section might he omitted entirely or in part, or assigned as review without performance. The sections on carbohydrates, proteins, and fats include the standard procedures. Composition and directions for preperation of the required reagents are included as footnotes. Occasional questions are asked of the student and it would seem that more of this would prove beneficial. A quantitative detcrmination of liver glycogen is given. The section on proteins includes preparation of 8. crystalline globulin and cystine and tyrosine by acid hydrolysis of hair (the excess acid is neutralieed) but there is no preparation of s n amino acid by enzymatic hydrolysis. No mention is made of the ninhydrin reaction at this point though the reaction is used later. The iodine number is determined by the Rosemund method which employs hromine in the form of pyridine sulfate dihramide. The section on lipids also includes an experiment an paper chromatography of a, sample of crude phosphatide hydrolysate. The experiment is lengthy (12-14 hours for the separation of the components an the paper) and offers no great advantage aver the simpler amino acid separation which can be adequately performed in a, laboratory period.
