the EDITOR'S column
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ways of interest to us. W e were pleased therefore, t o receive t h e J a n u a r y - M a r c h (1961) issue of French Science News, as it contains a special study entitled "Analytical Chemistry in F r a n c e . " Notwithstanding the success of such special analytical techniques as spectroscopy, analytical chemis try in France in t h e 19th century was considered a minor science for which no special training was r e quired. I t was felt t h a t any quali fied chemist could use the "recipes" involved and do required analytical work. E a r l y in the 20th century it was discovered not only t h a t basic ana lytical chemical research was r e quired to develop analytical methods b u t t h a t this research con tributed greatly to progress in the fields of organic, biological, a n d inorganic chemistry. Study of elec trochemical phenomena as analyti cal tools, for example, led to a better understanding of industrial prob lems in electrochemistry.
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Circle No. 123 on Readers' Service Card VOL.
33,
NO.
9,
AUGUST
1961
·
79
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EDITOR'S C O L U M N
in analytical chemistry in France. Prof. G. Chariot is on t h e Faculté des Sciences a n d a t t h e Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles in Paris. H i s book, "Chemical Reactions in Solution a n d Quantitative Analysis," published in 1942, h a s become a classic. The report cites t h e contributions of other famous French analytical chemists all of whom helped increase t h e status a n d stature of analytical chemistry in France. Teaching. Continued future growth of analytical chemistry, according t o the report, is dependent to a great extent on the quality of, instruction offered in this field. I n struction of t h e caliber given by scientists like Prof. Chariot contributed greatly to the future of analytical chemistry. Texts t h a t he has prepared or coauthored illustrate t h e scope of t h e teaching. These include " T h e o r y a n d N e w Methods of Qualitative Analysis" (1942), "Qualitative Analysis a n d Reactions in Solutions" (1957 r e vision of the 1942 b o o k ) , "Modern Methods of Quantitative Mineral Analysis" (1945), and "Methods of Analytical C h e m i s t r y " (1960), plus several others. Analytical Research. This r e port discusses work done in the area of pure a n d applied research by several government laboratories in France. Industrial laboratories are not included, although some do pure and applied research.
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EDITOR'S COLUMN Paris has made substantial contributions to analytical chemical research in the field of medicine and food. Prof. Gautier, head of this organization, correlated and coordinated methods used in these types of analysis and developed reagents and methods. The Centre d' Etudes et R e cherches des Charbonnages de France has done considerable work in the analysis of coal and coke, tars and derivatives, petroleum, and silica dust. The Centre National d'Etudes et Recherches Céramique, has concentrated on improving analytical methods for ceramic materials, particularly silicates, through use of both chemical and physieochemical means. The I n s t i t u t de Recherches de la Sidérurgie works in three major areas: rapid methods for steel analysis, for example, emission spectrography ; analyses of the finished products using both spectrographic and classical chemical methods; and metallurgical research. T h e I n s t i t u t des Corps Gras has a wide variety of research programs for the analysis of fats. Included are trace determination of iron using colorimetric methods, inverted phase division chromatography for oxidized fats, column chromatography for glycerides in oils, methods for determining urease in soybean oil, and gas chromatography for the volatile constituents in extracted oils. The Institut Française de Caoutchouc centers its research on determination of mineral contents of vegetable fibers. N a t u r a l rubber is an area of major interest. One project, physiological diagnosis, consists of determining the major and trace mineral needs of hevea (rubber) plants through analyses of thousands of samples. This helps determine mineral fertilizer requirements. Proper fertilization, in turn, has led to more productive rubber trees.
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VOL. 33, NO. 9, AUGUST 1961 · 8 3 A
