Water, Energy, and Climate

Page 1. Energy for Water For the ACS Briefing “Energy, Water and Climate: Connecting the Dots” Heather Cooley Pacific Institute December 2009 ...
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Energy for Water For the ACS Briefing “Energy, Water and Climate: Connecting the Dots”

Heather Cooley Pacific Institute December 2009

Overview ♦ Energy for Water

♦ Challenges these connections present,

particularly in light of climate change ♦ Opportunities

Water Supply – Use – Disposal All Require Energy Source and Transport Treatment Distribution

End Use Energy

Wastewater Treatment

National Estimate of WaterRelated Energy? ♦ 4% of the nation’s annual electricity use, or

123 billion kWh per year, for water supply and treatment (EPRI 2000) ♦ Widely acknowledged to be too low – Tremendous variability among water systems and little reliable data – Does not include end-use energy

Energy Intensity of Water Sources, San Diego Recycled Water

Groundwater

Brackish Water Desalination

Imported ‐ Colorado River

Imported ‐ Delta

Seawater Desalination 0 Source: Energy Down the Drain

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000 12,000 14,000

Energy Intensity (kWh/MG)

[map from Nations Online Project]

Water-Related Electricity and Natural Gas Use Wastew ater Treatm ent 3%

Wastewater Treatment 1%

Water Supply and Treatment