World Wide
CHEMISTRY,
T h e federal government, in considering setting up basic industries which can be readjusted in the post war period, has created a National Council of In dustrial and Commercial Policy. The council will be composed of the Ministers, of Labor, In dustry, and Commerce, member represent ing these departments and also the Minis tries of Finance, Agriculture. Transport, and Public Works, and five citizens who have dis tinguished themselves in the study of political and social sciences, t o be nominated by the president. T h e interests of defense, develop ment of natural resources, localities, trans portation facilities, and unemployment prob lems will be concerns of the council, and rules of industrial and commercial policy will be formulated t o strengthen the economy of the country and raise the standard of living. Brazil increases Castor Bean Crop T h e difficulties in obtaining tung oil have stimulated production of castor oil for paint and varnish manufacture, until practically
all Brazilian states arc engaged. United S t a t e s technicians are instructing the pro ducers in expansion procedure and method.for better castor bean crops. In past year.the crops were not o v e r 100.000 metric tons, but in 1941 and 1942 reached 200.000 metric tons, and in 1943 they reached 250.000 metric tons, with indications of still greater increase. Brazil's Basic Rubber Prices G o U p Brazilian authorities and the Rubber De velopment Corp. h a v e signed a supplemen tary agreement by which the basic price of Brazilian rubber was increased from 39 to 45 cents (U. S. ) per pound, f.o.b. Matiaos. The price may be readjusted, however, in case of any increase in present basic prices of rubber from other countries in the Amazon val ley. Cotton Textile Output Grows Rapidly T h e cotton textile industry has increased from the manufacture of 530 million meters in 1926 to 1.500 million meters in 1942. Local consumption passed from 475.909 thousand
TRANSPARENT VITREOSIL CRUCIBLES with accurately ground-in lids —
for COAL a n d COKE ANALYSIS • Replace platinum in many stances • Superior to porcelain • Duplicate plant practice.
in
V i t r e o s i l crucibles are particularly suitable for d e t e r m i n e s volatile and combustible material in coal and coke/ o r the volatile constituents of carbon black; and f o r w e i g h i n g / f o l l o w i n g i g n i t i o n , of hygroscopic precipitates such as alumina.
VITREOSIl
. Transparent V i t r e o s i l gives long service i n continuous use at tem peratures up to 1 0 0 0 - 1 1 0 0 ° C , readily withstanding extreme and r a p i d temperature changes because o f its unique l o w thermal expan sion . . . Is practically immune to injury by impurities in coke . . . also unaffected by halogens and acids other than fluorine/ hydrofluoric/ and phosphoric, and is indifferent t o the action o f all but highly alkaline reagents.
JW'OIUHIUK
THE THEJHilAL SYNDICATE, LTD 12 E A S T 4 6 t h S T R E E T , N E W
YORK
17, Ν Υ.
meters or 13.6 meters per c a p i t a in 1926 t o about 1.290 million meters o r 3 0 meters per capita in 1942. Since 1941 Brazil h a s be come an exporter of cotton textiles t o other South American countries, and production in 1943 was estimated at m o r e than 1.700 million meters. Chemical Industry Shows Fast Development T h e chemical m a n u f a c t u r i n g industry is o n e of the fastest growing i n Brazil. More than 1.000 factories are e n g a g e d in t h e m a n u facture of chemically pure analytical prod ucts, a m o n g t h e m sulfuric a c i d , calcium and aluminum arsenates, c a r b o n bisulfide, lead arsenate, essential oils from citrus fruits, methanol, caffein, alcohol, salt, fertilizers, caustic soda and soda ash, a l u m i n u m sulfate, chlorine, calcium carbide, p o t a s h , silicate of soda, citric acid, a n h y d r o u s a m m o n i a , oxy gen, glycerin, and emetine. U . S. W i l l Buy Pyrethrum from Brazil A n agreement b e t w e e n t h e Brazilian and the U . S. G o v e r n m e n t s w a s recently signed by which t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s will b u y ail pyrethrum flowers grown i n Brazil, i n excess of local needs, for the manufacture of insec ticides. T h e present crop w a s estimated at a b o u t 1,000 metric tons, a n d increased pro duction is e x p e c t e d in t h e future. War Résiliations Recently A p p r o v e d Instructions o n i m p o r t a t i o n of optical, scientific, and p h o t o g r a p h i c apparatus have been issued by t h e Coordinator of Economic Mobilization. S u c h a p p a r a t u s will be cleared a t C u s t o m H o u s e s o n l y after a special permit from the coordinator. T h e g o v e r n m e n t approved a 5 0 % reduction o f excise tax for locally produced shellac. T h e sending of s h o o t s or seeds of the Hevea brasiliensis or of other rubber p l a n t s a n y w h e r e e x c e p t t o A m a z o n i a w i t h o u t a special permit from the Ministry of Agriculture w a s prohibited. Sugar to Be Converted to A l c o h o l for M o t o r Fuel I n order t o increase the production of alcohol m o t o r fuel, the g o v e r n m e n t h a s authorized the Sugar and A l c o h o l Institute to requisition all sugar a n d m o l a s s e s necessary for conversion i n t o a l c o h o l . E x e m p t i o n of excise tax w a s granted f o r such products. Production of a n h y d r o u s alcohol for motor fuel i n 1942 w a s e s t i m a t e d a t 140 million liters, about 3 7 % more t h a n in 1 9 4 1 , and three times as m u c h a s in e i t h e r 1939 or 1940. Brazil Exports M i c e end Rock Crystal to U . S. Since t h e outbreak of t h e war, Brazil has been increasing t h e p r o d u c t i o n of export m a terials, mainly t o t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s . T h e Coordinator of E c o n o m i c Mobilization has granted special concessions for exportation of CONTINUED ON PACE 1125
11M
C H E M I C A L
A N D
E N G I N E E R I N G
N E W S
Hidden Enemy Without a Chance W i t h i n the vital parts of an aircraft engine lurks a delayed-action saboteur CORROSION.
Without
constant
safe-
guard, p r i o r to installation and use, this hidden enemy of motors and machine parts
ean
be
daedIy
and
destructive.
T h a n k s to the protection of
chemical
inhibitors, eorrosion rarely has a chance to strike. Sharpies Organic Chemicals perform an important job in the formulation and production of corrosion inhibitors
for
essential war purposes. I n other fields and on other fronts, Sharpies Chemicals serve in rubber, munitions and plastics in
petroleum,
mining
pharmaceu-
ticals ami photography. T r a i n e d through the critical demands of war. Research
Sharpies
will be better equipped than
ever to serve the peacetime needs of both industry and science.
f
SHARPIES CHEMICALS AT WAR AMYL ALCOHOLS · AMYL ACETATE AMYL PHENOLS AND DERIVATIVES ALKYLAMINES AND DERIVATIVES ALKYLAMINOETHANOLS CHLOROPENTANES AMYL NAPHTHALENES AMYL MERCAPTAN
SHARPLES CHEMICALS Inc. Philadelphia
Chicago
Nau York
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SHARPLE S S Ύ Bî Τ H ETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS PENTASOL (AMYL ALCOHOLS) y PENT-ACETATE (AMYL ACÉTATES P E N T A L A R M (AMYL· MERCAP^N) B U R A M I N E ( C R U D E BUTYL, UREA) P E N T AP H E N ( p - t e r t , - A M Y L PHENOL) ^-AMYjMJkHENOL· : / / > V V " Λ ' DIA'MYIJ,^^KW^ B D I A M Y L P E E N O X Y ^ E T H À N O L · , ^ ^
MONGAMYL/^^B MONOBUTYL^^S MONOETHYL^^B ETHYL
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DI Acc-c»mlx?r- last, approximately N.00O in the State o f Sii» Paulo and more than •J.OOOin the Federal Distxict. C. Ε . Νιππ'ο ι»κ ΛΚΛΓ.ΙΟ. .In. C.V1XA INlSTAJL Η ι ο UK J A N K I U O
Venezuela Iron Development
ON
T H E
"SWING SHIFT" And Around the Clock... Time means nothing to a finely engineered, sturdily built and properly installed Layne Well Water System. Throughout the twentyfour hours of each day it must be in perfect —and thoroughly dependable working order. A sudden water failure could bring disaster. Layne Well Water Systems—thanks to more than sixty years of world-wide experience, are as near failure proof as human skill, man ufacturing honesty and quality materials can make mechanical equipment. Even the metals used in contact with the water are varied to assure longer life where corrosive conditions are encountered. In addition to sturdiness in build and qual ity of materials used, Layne Well Water Sys tems and Layne Vertical Turbine Pumps are famous for their high efficiency. Such effi ciency effects substantial savings each year. To get all that you expect and must have in a dependable and long lasting water sys tem, and to eliminate worry of failure, always choose a Layne Well Water System. Fully illustrated literature may be obtained by ad dressing Layne & Bowler, Inc., General Of fices, Memphis 8, Tennessee. AFFILIATED COMPANIES: Lnync-Arkanaae Co.. Stuttgart. Ark. * Laync-Atlantlc Co.. Norfolk. Va. * LayncCcntral Co.. Memphis. Tenn. * Layne-Northcrn Co.. Mlnhawaka. Ind. * LaynoLoulHlana Co.. Lake Charles. La. * Louisiana Well Co.. Monroe. La. * Layne-Now York Co.. New York City * Laync-Northwest Co.. Mil waukee. Wis. * Layne*Ohlo Co.. Columbus. Ohio * Layne-Texns Co.. Houston. Texas * Layne· Western Co.. Kansas City. Mo. * Layne-Westcrn Co. of Minnesota. Minneapolis. Minn. * Interna tional Water Supply Ltd.. London. Ontario. Canada
WELL WATER SYSTEMS DEEP W E L L PUMPS BUILDERS OP WELL WATER SYSTEMS FOR INDUSTRIES A N D MUNICIPALITIES
1126
Bethlehem Steel Corp. has under way an iron ore development in Venezuela, where 20 American engineers ajid technicians are working with some 60O Venezuelans. The Iron Mines Co. o f Venezuela, a subsidiary of Bethlehem, has obtained. 16 iron mine eoncessions in the State of Bolivar that are ex pected to yield up> to2,000,000 tons of iron ore annually. Tlxe ore body is a hard highgrade hematite suitable for use in blast and open-hearth furna-oes.
Ethylene as a Raw Materia! The use of ethylene s e a raw material for llie production o f sovex-al organic chemicals hxis been tested i n Australia by the Division of Industrial Chemistry of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, according to a roport to the Dopa.rtinent of Commerce. Ethylene cldorohydx-in was one of the products of roiixinorcisil value included in these expcriincutjs.·
M a i n t a i n s v i a u o / control by motor operated raoulation of d i l u t a n t t u p ply valvo . · Available with standard chart recorder or arm and weight for S I N K Ο F L O A T process . . Location widely optional · · Many applications in non-metallic and chemical plants, i n c l u d i n g p o t a s h ané p h o s p h a t e plants, coal washing, etc· . . Plmaa· state your problem.
THE MINE & SMELTER SUPPLY COMPANY DENVER Sait L a b · C i t y El P a s · 1 7 7 3 Broadway, N « w York
Chemical Works in Kenya Locations havo bcexi chosen in Nairobi, Kenya, for the conslruction of several chemi cal works, says » rc|»oxt to the Department of Commerce. These plants ixicludc^ a factory to produce sulfuric acid and its derivatives and another for the hydrogenation of oils. Λ general chemical works will awlso be established in Nairobi. A site is bcixig selected for a pyrethrum extracting factory.
Oil Drilling in Mexico Mexico is actively looking for petroleum* for the first time since 193S. The budget of Petroleos Mexi-canos includes S2.5OO.000 for wild-catting duriaj? 1944, which is esti mated at 02 new drilling», compared with IS averaged during the jjast 5 years, and 290 before 1938. T h e couapany is now operating at a loss, owing to increased expenses, ex haustion of'welLs, and. decreased exports.
The Hungarian Ciicmical Co. (Magyar Vegyimuvck I t . T.), organized in 1942, ex pects to start operations soon, according to a report t o the Department of Commerce. Construction of the factory has been com| pletcd and the -technical equipment is ready. C H E M I C A L
E N T E R S
MANY EXACTING USES Adapted for any use that other granular desiccants will serve, FLORITE has a marked advantage in longer-sustained effectiveness -which, combined with low initial cost, results in superior economy. Natural gas, propane, butane, gasoline, air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, refrigerants of various nature, and other fluids are successfully dried. FLORITE selectively adsorbs 4 to 2 0 % of its weight of water — js regenerated by heating to 3 50°F. Corresoondence invited. -*Tr»demark Reemercd
FLORIDIN COMPANY. INC. Room 51, 220 Liberty Street A N D
E N G I N E E R I N G
Warren, Pa. N E W S
